DOCSLIB.ORG

Download the Publication

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download the Publication International Center for Human Development ARMENIA “AREAT” Center AZERBAIJAN The Strategic Research Institute GEORGIA Lost potential in the South Caucasus: Aspects of interstate trade Yerevan - Baku - Tbilisi - 2003 Lost potential in the South Caucasus: Aspects of interstate trade Yerevan - Baku - Tbilisi - 2003 Compiled and designed by the International Center for Human Development www.ichd.org The research paper summarizes the existing trends and obstacles of current economic development in South Caucasus Republics – Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia – during the last decade. It has been developed by expert groups of the International Center for Human Development /ICHD/ (Armenia), the “AREAT” Center (Azerbaijan) and the Strategic Research Institute /SRI/ (Georgia) – non- governmental organizations – within the framework of the “Lost Potential in the South Caucasus: Aspects of Interstate Trade” project under Friedrich Ebert Stiftung umbrella. The paper has been developed on the basis of the three ‘country studies’. Each of these is focused on one of the three South Caucasus countries’ economic situation and was developed by the same countries’ expert groups respectively. The views expressed in each topic are those of the authors of the relevant topic and do not necessarily reflect the views of the other expert groups. The ultimate goal of this publication is to identify the main ‘product groups’ for potential trade and to help the different businesses to recognize their real losses from lack of the trade. The target audience of the paper is researchers, NGO’s, policy makers and business circles of the three South Caucasus countries. 3 The Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) was founded in 1925 as a political legacy of Germany's first democratically elected president, Friedrich Ebert. Ebert, a Social Democrat from a humble crafts background who had risen to hold the highest political office in his country, in response to his own painful experience in political confrontation had proposed the establishment of a foundation to serve the following aims: furthering political und social education of individuals from all walks of life in the spirit of democracy and pluralism, facilitating access to university education and research for gifted young people by providing scholarships, contributing to international understanding and cooperation. The Foundation, which was banned by the Nazis in 1933 and not re-established until 1947, continues today to pursue these aims in all its extensive activities. As a private cultural non-profit institution, it is committed to the ideas and basic values of social democracy. International Center for Human Development The International Center for Human Development is an independent research and public policy institution, a unique think tank, which pays close attention to research as it attempts to develop a unique vision of the main problems facing economic development and social safety. The Center’s interests include: • civil society strengthening; • regional integration and globalization issues; • social sector and poverty alleviation; • governance and public sector reforms; • free market institutions development; • assistance to local governance; • environmental issues; • cultural promotion, etc. The Center is aimed to support strengthening the democratic mechanisms and fostering free market values. 4 “AREAT” Center The “AREAT” Center was established by the political scientists, sociologists, economists and conflictologists in 1998 year. “AREAT” is an independent non- government organization. The main aim of Center is the promotion of public society and support of the democratic reforms in Azerbaijan. The Center carries out the projects in the different areas of public policy. It successfully co- operates with different international humanitarian organization such as Eurasia, AED, ISAR, UNIFEM, Open Society as well as with national and foreign business structures: BPAMOKO, SOCAR, WB. For 5 years “AREAT” has executed more than 30 projects having got the large resonance in public life of Azerbaijan. The Center is an initiator of scientifically practical conferences on problems of the transit period, publishes analytical and methodical literature. Actively participating in partner's program, the Center promotes the development of integration processes in South Caucasus and the forming of peace culture and tolerance. The Strategic Research Institute The Strategic Research Institute (SRI) is the independent think tank for policy analysis and development with mission to support the processes of conceptual and organizational development of new social system and sovereign statehood building in Georgia. SRI Supports the policy-making processes in all branches of government, political and social organizations to bring about significant policy and institutional changes, covering the issues of: • Development Policy, Social policy, Economic policy; • Analysis of conceptual and organizational problems of governance; • Change management and organizational development in state administration, social and economic institutions; • Capacity building for policy management; • Analytical support and facilitation of Business – Government – Civil Society dialogue processes; • Training programs development on public policy management. 5 Contents 1. Preface............................................................................................................................. 9 2. Introduction ....................................................................................................................12 2.1. Country overview ................................................................................................... 12 ARMENIA ................................................................................................................ 12 Geography.......................................................................................................... 12 Population .......................................................................................................... 12 The State............................................................................................................ 13 AZERBAIJAN........................................................................................................... 14 Geography.......................................................................................................... 14 Population .......................................................................................................... 16 The State............................................................................................................ 16 GEORGIA................................................................................................................ 17 Geography.......................................................................................................... 17 Population .......................................................................................................... 17 The State............................................................................................................ 18 2.2. General economic overview ................................................................................... 18 ARMENIA ................................................................................................................ 18 FSU Heritage...................................................................................................... 18 Economic recovery ............................................................................................. 20 External policies.................................................................................................. 22 Financial sector .................................................................................................. 25 Social indicators.................................................................................................. 26 AZERBAIJAN........................................................................................................... 29 FSU Heritage...................................................................................................... 30 Economic recovery ............................................................................................. 30 External policies.................................................................................................. 32 Financial sector .................................................................................................. 34 Social indicators.................................................................................................. 36 GEORGIA................................................................................................................ 37 General economic overview................................................................................ 39 FSU Heritage...................................................................................................... 40 Economic recovery ............................................................................................. 41 External policies.................................................................................................. 42 Financial sector .................................................................................................. 45 Social indicators.................................................................................................. 46 2.3. Economic reforms and institutional developments
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Resolution, Multi-Proxy Peat Record from NW Iran: the Hand That Rocked the Cradle of Civilization?
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280075839 Abrupt climate variability since the last deglaciation based on a high- resolution, multi-proxy peat record from NW Iran: The hand that rocked the Cradle of Civilization? Article in Quaternary Science Reviews · August 2015 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.07.006 CITATIONS READS 41 1,081 12 authors, including: Arash Sharifi Ali Pourmand University of Miami University of Miami 74 PUBLICATIONS 166 CITATIONS 75 PUBLICATIONS 1,062 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Elizabeth Canuel Larry C. Peterson Virginia Institute of Marine Science University of Miami 131 PUBLICATIONS 5,297 CITATIONS 176 PUBLICATIONS 10,501 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Madison Group Project View project ANR-PALEOPERSEPOLIS View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ali Pourmand on 10 September 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Quaternary Science Reviews 123 (2015) 215e230 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Abrupt climate variability since the last deglaciation based on a high-resolution, multi-proxy peat record from NW Iran: The hand that rocked the Cradle of Civilization? * Arash Sharifi a, b, , Ali Pourmand a, b, Elizabeth A. Canuel c, Erin Ferer-Tyler c, Larry C. Peterson b, Bernhard Aichner d, Sarah J. Feakins d, Touraj Daryaee e, Morteza Djamali f, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni g, Hamid A.K. Lahijani g, Peter K. Swart b a Neptune Isotope Laboratory (NIL), Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA b Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA c Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map
    Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is preparing sector assessments and road maps to help align future ADB support with the needs and strategies of developing member countries and other development partners. The transport sector assessment of Georgia is a working document that helps inform the development of country partnership strategy. It highlights the development issues, needs and strategic assistance priorities of the transport sector in Georgia. The knowledge product serves as a basis for further dialogue on how ADB and the government can work together to tackle the challenges of managing transport sector development in Georgia in the coming years. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.7 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 828 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. Georgia Transport Sector ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main Assessment, Strategy, instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance. and Road Map TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS. Georgia. 2014 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines www.adb.org Printed in the Philippines Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map © 2014 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Hybrid Tactics in Georgia
    Russian Hybrid Tactics in Georgia Niklas Nilsson SILK ROAD PAPER January 2018 Russian Hybrid Tactics in Georgia Niklas Nilsson © Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program – A Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center American Foreign Policy Council, 509 C St NE, Washington D.C. Institute for Security and Development Policy, V. Finnbodavägen 2, Stockholm-Nacka, Sweden www.silkroadstudies.org “Russian Hybrid Tactics in Georgia” is a Silk Road Paper published by the Central Asia- Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program, Joint Center. The Silk Road Papers Series is the Occasional Paper series of the Joint Center, and addresses topical and timely subjects. The Joint Center is a transatlantic independent and non-profit research and policy center. It has offices in Washington and Stockholm and is affiliated with the American Foreign Policy Council and the Institute for Security and Development Policy. It is the first institution of its kind in Europe and North America, and is firmly established as a leading research and policy center, serving a large and diverse community of analysts, scholars, policy-watchers, business leaders, and journalists. The Joint Center is at the forefront of research on issues of conflict, security, and development in the region. Through its applied research, publications, research cooperation, public lectures, and seminars, it functions as a focal point for academic, policy, and public discussion regarding the region. The opinions and conclusions expressed in this study are those of
    [Show full text]
  • First Horseback Azerbaidjan Expedition 2018 Indiv
    Pioneering Azerbaïdjan Horse Expedition CAUCASUS EXPEDITIONS Contact : Audrey Bogini [email protected] [email protected] CAUCASUS EXPEDITIONS 2018 Azerbaidjan shares its border with Georgia, Dagestan, Iran and Armenia. It stretches from the North with the Great Caucasus Mountains to the hilly picturesque Hirkan Natio- nal Park and the Talysh mountains in the South. It is the only country of the whole Cauca- sus chain where you can cross the southern slopes to the northern slopes. In the Caucasus area, Azerbaidjan is nowadays the wildest country for nature activities. Focused on the oil business the decision makers were not thinking about developing sport / outdoors tourism. The core of our itinerary is the self sufficient horseback trek in the very wilderness of the Great Caucasus Mountains. During our route we ride over passes, on crest or high pla- teau, between mountains lakes, through untouched forest and wild rivers. We will be accompanied by the local Lezgian people who know by heart the incredible Ismaili Na- tional park. Your target is to reach the village of Lahic settled by the Tat people coming originally from Iran. Mountains horses are the only way of transportation in the mountains, not only for people but also for different kind of material, wood, stones … . We will choose our route day by day in accordance with the weather, pathway and snow conditions. Each day will CAUCASUS EXPEDITIONS 2018 be an adventure and each trip will offer a new itinerary…be different and the choice is simply huge. Around our Caucasian cavalcades this trip offers a rich mix of nature and culture, dif- ferent kind of ecosystems and landscapes from the green mountains to the volcanic de- sert, old and new contrasting the country’s ancient heritage with its modern buildings in Baku, the pure unspoiled nature facing the former oil industrial lands.
    [Show full text]
  • Years in Armenia
    1O Years of Independence and Transition in Armenia National Human Development Report Armenia 2OO1 Team of Authors National Project Director Zorab Mnatsakanyan National Project Coordinator-Consultant Nune Yeghiazaryan Chapter 1 Mkrtich Zardaryan, PhD (History) Aram Harutunyan Khachatur Bezirchyan, PhD (Biology) Avetik Ishkhanyan, PhD (Geology) Boris Navasardyan Ashot Zalinyan, PhD (Economics) Sos Gimishyan Edward Ordyan, Doctor of Science (Economics) Chapter 2 Ara Karyan, PhD (Economics) Stepan Mantarlyan, PhD (Economics) Bagrat Tunyan, PhD (Economics) Narine Sahakyan, PhD (Economics) Chapter 3 Gyulnara Hovhanessyan, PhD (Economics) Anahit Sargsyan, PhD (Economics) "Spiritual Armenia" NGO, Anahit Harutunyan, PhD (Philology) Chapter 4 Viktoria Ter-Nikoghosyan, PhD (Biophysics) Aghavni Karakhanyan Economic Research Institute of the RA Ministry of Finance & Economy, Armenak Darbinyan, PhD (Economics) Nune Yeghiazaryan Hrach Galstyan, PhD (Biology) Authors of Boxes Information System of St. Echmiadzin Sergey Vardanyan, "Spiritual Armenia" NGO Gagik Gyurjyan, Head of RA Department of Preservation of Historical and Cultural Monuments Gevorg Poghosyan, Armenian Sociological Association Bagrat Sahakyan Yerevan Press Club "Logika", Independent Research Center on Business and Finance Arevik Petrosian, Aharon Mkrtchian, Public Sector Reform Commission, Working Group on Civil Service Reforms Armen Khudaverdian, Secretary of Public Sector Reform Commission "Orran" Benevolent NGO IOM/Armenia office Karine Danielian, Association "For Sustainable Human
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Improving Land Sector Governance in Georgia Public Disclosure Authorized Implementation of the Land Governance Assessment Framework David Egiashvili, Ph.D. Country Coordinator Public Disclosure Authorized E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 995 599 51 70 00 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized World Bank Study, August 2011 1 Table of Contents SECTION 1 .......................................................................................................................................................2 LGAF IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS .............................................................................................................2 1.1 What is LGAF? ...................................................................................................................................2 1.2 How the study was prepared? ..........................................................................................................2 SECTION 2 .......................................................................................................................................................6 GEORGIA: GENERAL DATA AND INFORMATION .......................................................................................6 2.1 Geography .........................................................................................................................................6 2.2 History ...............................................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • 42414-044: Updated Initial Environmental Examination for Batumi Coastal Protection
    Initial Environmental Examination May 2015 GEO: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program – Tranche 4 Prepared by the Municipal Development Fund of Georgia for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in April 2015 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/sustainable-urban-transport-investment-program- tranche-4-batumi-iee This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Municipal Development Fund of Georgia Initial Environmental Examination For Procurement of Construction of Batumi Coastal Protection Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program – Tranche 4 FUNDED BY: ADB Prepared by: Technital SpA GEORGIA May, 2015 Revised version INDEX A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9 B. INTRODUCTION 13 C. GOVERNMENT POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 15 C.1. Administrative structure in Georgia 15 C.2. Legislation 19 C.2.1. Framework Legislation 19 C.2.2. Other Environmental Laws 19 C.2.3. Relevant Policy, Legal, and Regulatory Requirements 24 C.2.4. Relevant and Applicable Permitting Requirements 27 C.3. Permits 33 C.3.1. EIA 33 C.3.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Diversity in the Diet of the Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo Bubo in Iran
    Podoces, 2014, 9(1): 7 –21 PODOCES 2014 Vol. 9, No. 1 Journal homepage: www.wesca.net Spatial Diversity in the Diet of the Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo in Iran Ján Obuch Comenius University in Bratislava, Detached Unit, SK-038 15 Blatnica, Slovakia. Article Info Abstract Original Research During five stays in Iran, the author collected remnants of the diet from seven species of owls. The most numerous were samples from the Eurasian Eagle Received 25 March 2014 Owl Bubo bubo , which were found in 38 sites, usually on rocky cliffs where Accepted 14 January 2015 the owls breed or where they roost during the day. A total of 7,862 items of prey were analysed. Mammals predominated (Mammalia, 56 species, Keywords 77.0%), and the species representation of birds was diverse (Aves, more than Eurasian Eagle Owl 100 species, 15.3%); lower vertebrates were hunted less often (Amphibia, Bubo bubo Reptilia, Pisces, 5.0%), while invertebrates (Evertebrata, 2.7%) were an Diet occasional food supplement. The most commonly represented rodents Iran (Rodentia) in the Elborz and Talysh Mountains were: Snow Vole Chionomys nivalis , Steppe Field Mouse Apodemus witherbyi and Common Vole Microtus obscurus; in the northern part of the Zagros Mountains: Brandt’s Hamster Mesocricetus brandti , Williams’ Jerboa Allactaga williamsi and Setzer’s Mouse-tailed Dormouse Myomimus setzeri ; in the central wetter part of the Zagros: Persian Jird Meriones persicus , Tristam’s Jird Meriones tristrami , Transcaucasian Mole Vole Ellobius lutescens and Grey Hamster Cricetulus migratorius ; in the drier part of the Zagros: Libyan Jird Meriones libycus , Sundevall’s Jird Meriones crassus and Indian Gerbil Tatera indica ; in the southern part of the Zagros in Fars Province: Iranian Vole Microtus irani , the rats Rattus rattus and R.
    [Show full text]
  • Georgia RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018
    Georgia RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018 KNOWYOURCOUNTRY.COM Executive Summary - Georgia Sanctions: None FAFT list of AML No Deficient Countries US Dept of State Money Laundering Assessment Higher Risk Areas: Not on EU White list equivalent jurisdictions Failed States Index (Political Issues)(Average Score) Non - Compliance with FATF 40 + 9 Recommendations Medium Risk Areas: Corruption Index (Transparency International & W.G.I.) World Governance Indicators (Average Score) Major Investment Areas: Agriculture - products: citrus, grapes, tea, hazelnuts, vegetables; livestock Industries: steel, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese, copper, and gold), chemicals, wood products, wine Exports - commodities: vehicles, ferro-alloys, fertilizers, nuts, scrap metal, gold, copper ores Exports - partners: Azerbaijan 13.8%, US 8.5%, Germany 8.3%, Bulgaria 7.4%, Kazakhstan 7%, Turkey 6.4%, Ukraine 6.3%, Lebanon 5.7%, Canada 4.2% (2012) Imports - commodities: fuels, vehicles, machinery and parts, grain and other foods, pharmaceuticals Imports - partners: Turkey 13.9%, China 8.2%, Ukraine 8.2%, Russia 7.4%, Azerbaijan 7.1%, US 6%, Germany 5.6%, Bulgaria 4% (2012) 1 Investment Restrictions: Georgia is open to foreign investment, and the Georgia National Investment Agency is implementing an aggressive marketing campaign to encourage more foreign investors to come to Georgia. Exceptions to national treatment may be made by Georgia for investments in maritime fisheries; air and maritime transport and related activities; ownership of broadcast, common carrier, or aeronautical radio stations; communications satellites Foreign individuals and companies are restricted from holding agricultural land in Georgia. However, according to the US Department of State 2012, there is a loophole in which agricultural land can be purchased by non-nationals and then transferred under the name of a Georgian entity; thus, land can be up to 100% foreign-owned.
    [Show full text]
  • 6. Imereti – Historical-Cultural Overview
    SFG2110 SECOND REGIONAL DEVELOPMETN PROJECT IMERETI REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM IMERETI TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Public Disclosure Authorized STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL, CULTURAL HERITAGE AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Tbilisi, December, 2014 ABBREVIATIONS GNTA Georgia National Tourism Administration EIA Environnemental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EMS Environmental Management System IFI International Financial Institution IRDS Imereti Regional Development Strategy ITDS Imereti Tourism Development Strategy MDF Municipal Development Fund of Georgia MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoENRP Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Protection of Georgia MoIA Ministry of Internal Affairs MoCMP Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection MoJ Ministry of Justice MoESD Ministry of Economic and Sustaineble Developmnet NACHP National Agency for Cultural Heritage Protection PIU Project Implementation Unit PPE Personal protective equipment RDP Regional Development Project SECHSA Strategic Environmental, Cultural Heritage and Social Assessment WB World Bank Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 0 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 PROJECT CONTEXT ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Kutaisi Investment Catalogue
    Kutaisi has always been attractive for innovative projects with its historic and cultural importance. In order to succeed, any business must have a stable and reliable environment, and it can be eagerly said that our city is a springboard for it. An investor thinks what kind of comfort he or she will have with us. Kutaisi is ready to share examples of successful models of the world and promote business development. Giorgi Chigvaria Mayor of Kutaisi 1 Contact Information City Hall of Kutaisi Municipality Rustaveli Avenue 3, Kutaisi. George Giorgobiani [Position] Mobile: +995 551 583158 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.kutaisi.gov.ge Imereti Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry Emzar Gvinianidze Rustaveli Avenue 124, Kutaisi. Phone: +995 431 271400/271401 Mobile: +995 577 445484/597 445484 Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Disclaimer: This catalogue is prepared by international expert Irakli Matkava with support of the USAID Good Governance Initiative (GGI). The author’s views expressed in the publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Agency for International Development, GGI or the US Government. 2 What can Kutaisi offer? Business development opportunities - Kutaisi is the main of western Georgia offering access to a market of 900,000 customers, low property prices and labour costs, and multimodal transport infrastructure that is also being upgraded and expanded. Infrastructure projects for business development - Up to 1 billion GEL is being spent on the modernization of the city’s infrastructure, enabling Kutaisi to become a city of with international trade and transit role and markedly boosting its tourism potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantifying Arabia–Eurasia Convergence Accommodated in the Greater Caucasus by Paleomagnetic Reconstruction ∗ A
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters 482 (2018) 454–469 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl Quantifying Arabia–Eurasia convergence accommodated in the Greater Caucasus by paleomagnetic reconstruction ∗ A. van der Boon a, , D.J.J. van Hinsbergen a, M. Rezaeian b, D. Gürer a, M. Honarmand b, D. Pastor-Galán a,c, W. Krijgsman a, C.G. Langereis a a Utrecht University, The Netherlands b Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran c Center for Northeast Asian Studies, Tohoku University, Japan a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Since the late Eocene, convergence and subsequent collision between Arabia and Eurasia was accommo- Received 23 June 2017 dated both in the overriding Eurasian plate forming the Greater Caucasus orogen and the Iranian plateau, Received in revised form 20 September and by subduction and accretion of the Neotethys and Arabian margin forming the East Anatolian plateau 2017 and the Zagros. To quantify how much Arabia–Eurasia convergence was accommodated in the Greater Accepted 9 November 2017 Caucasus region, we here provide new paleomagnetic results from 97 volcanic sites (∼500 samples) in Available online xxxx ∼ ◦ Editor: A. Yin the Talysh Mountains of NW Iran, that show 15 net clockwise rotation relative to Eurasia since the Eocene. We apply a first-order kinematic restoration of the northward convex orocline that formed to Keywords: the south of the Greater Caucasus, integrating our new data with previously published constraints on tectonic rotations rotations of the Eastern Pontides and Lesser Caucasus.
    [Show full text]