Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering & Technology

MALLA REDDY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Sponsored by Malla Reddy Educational Society) NBA Accredited, ISO 9001-2015 Certified institution, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad, Maisammaguda, Sec’Bad - 500 014.

3.4.1 EXTENSION ACTIVITIES IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD COMMUNITY IN TERMS OF IMPACT AND SENSITIZING STUDENTS TO SOCIAL ISSUES AND HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT DURING THE LAST FIVE YEARS (20)

Sl. No Title Page Number 1 NSS Allotment Order ii-iv 2 UBA Approval Letter v-viii 3 List of Extension Activities ix-xviii 4 UBA Activity Report(2018-19) 1-44 5 UBA Activity Report(2017-18) 1-43

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v vi vii viii

3.4.1 Extension Activities on Social Issues

Sl. Organising unit/ agency/ collaborating agency Name of the Event Year of the Activity No

TELANGANA FOREST DEPARTMENT, ARANYA BHAVAN, 1 SWACHH BHARAT 2018-2019 SAIFABAD, HYDERABAD - 500004

2 MRIET -COLLABRATION WITH DATRI FOUNDATION STEM CELL COLLECTION 2018-2019

3 MRIET- MANOHAR TRUST 5K RUN 2018-2019

4 MRIET-NSS UNIT Blood Donation Camp 2018-2019

5 MALLAREDDY HOSPITAL Dental Check up 2018-2019

6 MRIET-NSS UNIT WOMAN EMPOWERMENT SEMINAR 2018-2019

7 MALLA REDDY HOSPITAL EYE CHECK UP 2017-2018

TELANGANA FOREST DEPARTMENT, ARANYA BHAVAN, SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 8 2017-2018 SAIFABAD, HYDERABAD - 500004 RAHE HUM

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 9 AMEENPUR 2017-2018 VILLAGERS

10 MRIET AIDS AWARENESS 2017-2018

11 SWEEYA SEVA TRUST 5K RUN 2017-2018

12 MRIET AIDS AWARENESS 2016-2017

13 MRIET Blood Donation Camp 2016-2017

TELANGANA FOREST DEPARTMENT, ARANYA BHAVAN, SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 14 2016-2017 SAIFABAD, HYDERABAD - 500004 RAHE HUM

15 CYBERABAD POLICE , HYDERABAD TRAFFIC AWARENESS PROGRAM 2016-2017

16 MALLA REDDY DENTAL HOSPITAL DENTAL CHECK UP 2016-2017

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 17 MRIET 2016-2017 VILLAGERS

18 MRIET WOMAN EMPOWERMENT SEMINAR 2015-2016

TELANGANA FOREST DEPARTMENT, ARANYA BHAVAN, SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 19 2015-2016 SAIFABAD, HYDERABAD - 500004 RAHE HUM

20 MALLA REDDY DENTAL HOSPITAL EYE CHECK UP 2015-2016

21 MRIET Blood Donation Camp 2015-2016

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 22 MRGI 2014-2015 VILLAGERS

TELANGANA FOREST DEPARTMENT, ARANYA BHAVAN, SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 23 2014-2015 SAIFABAD, HYDERABAD - 500004 RAHE HUM

24 CYBERABAD POLICE , HYDERABAD TRAFFIC AWARENESS PROGRAM 2014-2015

25 MALLA REDDY DENTAL HOSPITAL DENTAL CHECK UP 2014-2015

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 26 MRIET 2014-2015 VILLAGERS

27 MRIET WOMAN EMPOWERMENT SEMINAR 2014-2015

28 MRIET AIDS AWARENESS 2014-2015

29 MRIET Blood Donation Camp 2014-2015

30 MRIET Clothes and Blanket Distribution 2014-15

3.4.1 Extension Activities on Social Issues with photos

Sl. Name of the Event Photo of the Event No

1 SWACHH BHARAT

2 STEM CELL COLLECTION

3 5K RUN (Awareness of NO Plastic )

4 Blood Donation Camp

5 Dental Check up

6 Women Empowerment

7 EYE CHECK UP

xii

SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 8 RAHE HUM

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 9 VILLAGERS

10 AIDS AWARENESS

11 5K RUN

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12 AIDS AWARENESS

13 Blood Donation Camp

SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 14 RAHE HUM

15 TRAFFIC AWARENESS PROGRAM

xiv

16 DENTAL CHECK UP

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 17 VILLAGERS

18 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT SEMINAR

SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 19 RAHE HUM

20 EYE CHECK UP

21 Blood Donation Camp

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 22 VILLAGERS

SWACHH RAHE BHARATH - SWASTH 23 RAHE HUM

xvi

24 TRAFFIC AWARENESS PROGRAM

25 DENTAL CHECK UP

SANITATION AWARENESS TO 26 VILLAGERS

27 WOMAN EMPOWERMENT SEMINAR

xvii

28 AIDS AWARENESS

29 Blood Donation Camp

30 Clothes Distribution

xviii

VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR GUNDLA POCHAMPALLI, MEDCHAL MANDAL, RANGA REDDY DISTRICT, TELANGANA STATE.

In Collaboration with Center for NSS(CNSS)

MALLA REDDY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY- MAISAMMAGUDA, DHULAPALLI POST, SECUNDERABAD-90. A.Y. 2018-2019

CONTENTS S.No. Page No. Topic Heading

1 Introduction 05 2 Objectives 06 3 Methodology 08 3.1. Selection of Cluster of Villages 08 3.2. Flow chart of VDP 09 4. Execution of VDP 12 4.1. Selection of Village 12 4.2. Reaching Village 12 4.3. Village Meeting 14 4.4. House Hold Survey 15 4.5. Problem Identification 16 5 Participatory Rural Appraisal 17 5.1 Demographic Profile of the Village 22 5.2 Health Profile 23 5.3 Drinking/Potable water facility 24 5.4 Agriculture Profile 24 5.5 Compost pit 25 6 Set-up of Biogas plant 31 7 Mushroom Cultivation 34 8 Lemon Grass Cultivation 39 9 Organic farming 41 10 Water Management 44

Village Development Plan Centre for NSS Malla Reddy Institute Engineering and Technology (MRIET) Unnat Bharat Abhiyan

1. Introduction

Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) is a flagship program of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) Govt. of India in collaboration with Centre for NSS (CNSS) is Planned and implemented by a group of dedicated student and faculty members of Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology (MRIET), Maisammaguda, Secunderabad. This center (CNSS) aims to facilitate continuous knowledge transfer by organizing recurring interactive sessions between society and academic system. This center also provides knowledge and practices for emerging professions and to upgrade the capabilities of both the public and the private sectors in response to the developmental needs of rural India. This program also aims to bring a transformational change in rural development by active participation of higher academic institutions with local communities. This regular practice will be helpful for reorientation of curricula and R&D design of academic Institutions. This center for NSS has been designated to function, to lead and to coordinate MRIET organization for UBA activities in the rural Telangana State. The program of Unnat Bharat Abhiyan is to enable participation of higher educational institutions to work with the people of rural India in identifying development challenges and evolving appropriate solutions for time to time accelerating sustainable growth. A village development plan (VDP) is a statement about how a community sees itself developing over the next few years and what actions are needed to realize that vision. A VDP is a plan outlining the desired developments according to the inhabitants – for the quality of life within the village. A VDP identifies issues affecting the community and in the immediate surroundings in terms of social, environment and economic issues. Under the UBA program MRIET adopted a cluster of five villages namely : (1) Maisammaguda (2) Kompalli, (3) Dhulapalli,(4) Bahadurpalli and (5)

Gundlapochampalli, in Rangareddy District. MRIET college approved by NBA, Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad received renewal approval letter from JNTUH for Center for NSS.

Fig 1. JNTU approval for Center for NSS

Fig 2. Center for NSS Unit cluster of colleges

NSS Student Co-ordinators, MRIET

Contact S.No Name Roll No Number Dept/year 1 S.Dinesh Reddy 17W91A05A6 9492913062 CSE/III 2 V.Mahesh 17W91A0556 8688474431 CSE/III 3 A.koteshwari 17W91A0564 8096326667 CSE/III 4 T.Vivek 18W91A05N8 8332047998 CSE/II 5 Uday 17W91A0507 9666737954 CSE/III P.Bharadwaj 6 Sharma 17W91A04N6 9618559854 ECE/III 7 R.Anusha 17W91A04A6 9908139475 ECE/III 8 V.Shravan Kumar 17W91A04M3 8187008154 ECE/III 9 S.Om 17W91A04J1 8074058810 ECE/III 10 G.Raju 18W91A0226 9640622308 EEE/II 11 P.Dedipya 18W91A0286 9618496604 EEE/II 12 Sharanya 17W91A0242 9550300883 EEE/III 13 R.Venkatesh 18W95A0248 8463933477 EEE/III 14 B.Sathish Chandra 17W91A1209 9100589959 IT/III 15 Avanthika 17W91A1205 6281778712 IT/III

2. Objectives

Based on the preliminary interactions with the villagers and with the village panchayat administration, the objectives of the work to be carried out by the MRIET CNSS team was defined as given below:

 To study and analyze the yearly cropping type and cropping pattern to increase the cropping productivity, which may lead to promote organic farming.  To improve and create livelihood opportunities by increasing food security and well- being of the poor.  To encourage effective participation of the villagers for the holistic development of the village by preparing an Integrated Development Plan for the sustainable development of the village.  In addition, in the holistic development process, promotion of eco-friendly sustainable technologies and promotion of optimal usage of available local resources to create sufficient employment opportunities in the village itself.  To study and process the needed state and national level govt. Schemes such as water

and sanitation, management of rural structure etc  To encourage the village women through active participation in decision making process and to uplift the average income of the village.  To associate with district administration and with village panchayatiraj institutions to raise village development fund needed for various village developmental activities  To provide latest technological inputs for uplifting income  To provide latest technology to promote effective communication among all individual villagers as well as with the host technological Institute.  To promote Telangana State level local schemes specific to women safety (She teams), anti alcohol, water charging (Inkudu gunthalu), woman empowerment etc.

3. Methodology

In order to meet those above mentioned objectives the following steps has been framed by our faculty members as given below:

Step-1: Collection of primary information by our team of CNSS of the village through Village level survey, Household Survey, Rapid Rural Survey, Participatory Rural Appraisal.

Step-2: Formation of data base in order to identify of the areas in which MRIET can provide technical support along with the key experts.

Step-3: Collection of secondary information through feedback from the villagers.

Step-4: The analyzed primary and secondary data will be presented to the Gram Panchayat and the Gramsabha.

Step-5: A participatory mechanism will be formed for finding out the issues and potential of the village by considering the feedback from the villagers by conducting series of meeting with the villagers.

The above five steps will be very helpful to prepare an integrated village development plan with a focus on enhanced agricultural productivity, eco-friendly sustainable technologies and local resources creating sufficient employment opportunities.

The identified key expert from MRIET team will be involved in providing the technical support in implementation of the above plan. So that the practical approach can be framed easily on the issues such as preparation of cost estimates, technical specifications in tenders, selection of the supplier. After implementation of the plans in each component, the MRIET team will also provide support in monitoring and evaluation of the same by guiding the technical personnel who can be hired by the Panchayat administration. MRIET team will also help these technical nodal personnel in preparing the monitoring and evaluation report.

Finally, a consolidated report will be prepared to address all the experiences of the MRIET team related to the development work in the above said all villages followed by preparation of guidelines for the development of a village. This methodological approach is presented in the form of flowchart in the following section 3.2.

3.1. Selection of Cluster of Villages Under the UBA program MRIET adopted a cluster of five villages in consultation with Rangareddy District collector. The name list of MRIET adopted a cluster of villages are: (1) Gundla Pochampalli, (2) Bahadurpalli, (3) Dhulapalli, (4) Kompalli and (5) Maisammaguda, in Rangareddy District. The geographical location of these villages is very close (less than 6 km) to MRIET has been shown in the following figure.

Fig.3. Geographical location of cluster of five villages adopted by MRIET. (Image Source-Google)

The above locations to address the following issues tabulated below: 1. House Hold Survey 2. Literacy Survey 3. Mushroom Cultivation 4. Biogas usage awareness 5. Mushroom cultivation 6. Lemon grass cultivation 7. Water Storage Tanks etc Table:1 Village Co-ordinators from MRIET S.No. Village Name Village Co-ordinator from MRIET 1 Dhulapalli Mr. N.Naveen Kumar 2 Maisammaguda Mr. K.Suresh Kumar 3 Gundlapochampalli Mr. Magbul Basha 4 Kompalli Mr. Sohel Pasha 5 Bahadurpalli Mr. Santosh

Mr.Sheshagiri Rao Associate Professor, MRIET is Coordinator for this cluster of villages from MRIET.

3.2 Flow chart of Village Development Plan:

In order to improve the quality of life in village, Village Development Plan has been made by following the below given flowchart. This flowchart is constructed using input from the key persons of the village. Identification of the village problems happened through hamlet meeting and village meeting. Village issues / problems in terms of primary data collection has been done through Village level survey, Household Survey, Rapid Rural Survey, Participatory Rural Appraisal and secondary data collection has been done by taking feedback from villages. This flowchart is constructed using key words such as, primary survey, secondary data collection, Analysis of data, identification of problem, issues, conducting Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), feedback Identification, agricultural mechanism, enhancement of productivity, employment generation.

Fig 4. Flow chart for Village Development

The steps are elaborated village wise as given below:

4. Execution of Village Development Plan:

4.1. Selection of Village: Maisammaguda

Gundla Pochampalli village is in Medchal mandal of Ranga Reddy District of Telangana State. This village is adopted by MRIET under Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) program. This village is one of the main revenue villages of this Panchayat and located half kilometer away from Greater Hyderabad Outer Ring Road (ORR) as shown in the following figure-5.

Figure 5: Location of Maisammaguda village.

In order to achieve the goals and vision of Unnat Bharat Abhiyan it is needed to prepare a Village Development Plan (VDP) so that the objective of UBA can be implemented in the village in systematic way and in mission mode.

4.2. Reaching village Maisammaguda

Gundla Pochampalli village is located 25 km away from Secunderabad Railway station and 70 km away from Shamshabad International airport. This village is located on the National Highway-44 (Medak and Secunderabad) as shown in the following figure-2.

The village is located close to one major water sources i.e natural village pond (Cheruvu) and no canal or River is located nearby. A modest population of 4965 people lives in this village. Table-1 Village census report

Gundla Kompalli Bahadurpalli Maisammagude Dhulapalli Pochampalli Total area of the 1334 2345 743 709 971 village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 9009 15575 5051 4965 6802 2011 census ) Number of 1936 3115 1052 1079 1447 households (2011 census) Primary school 7 11 4 5 6 (PP) Senior Secondary 4 5 1 1 2 school (SS) Degree college of 0 0 0 0 0 arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering 4 2 0 14 2 college(EC) Medical college 0 0 2 0 0 (MC)

Fig 6: Maisammaguda Village Aerial View and linkage to ORR and Secunderabad. (Image Source-Google)

4.3 Village meeting

Social Mobilization has been conducted through hamlet meeting and Village meeting. At first, a hamlet and village meeting were held on 10-02-2019 for discussion of UBA objective and plan.

All villagers, irrespective of gender and caste participated and provided their valuable inputs. After this critical survey, village level and house hold survey were conducted in the form of questionnaire for collection of basic information and problems of the village.

While conducting household survey patch visit were done at different locations of the village. In this village nature has given a gift of water resource in the form of natural pond, but most of the families of this village are landless. They earn their daily labour/wages. The farmers grow vegetables, flowers, and horticulture and paddy crops using rented farm land for annual lease. Some of the villager’s livelihood is as unskilled labor and cattle feeding work. All this progress is very exciting for the villagers also as much as these to us. On top of it, the program you are supporting is very important to build social solidarity. The core idea of this program is to bring communities together and allow them to create a 14 democratic environment to deliberate on issues they care about. This is not an easy program and requires much effort and patience. We are fortunate to have donors like you and our brilliant people to work with us on these programs.

As per the feedback received from the villagers the main problem of the village is water scarcity and wild animals, specially monkeys which eat and destroy their crops. Specially for some of the families whose main occupation is sharecropping, this becomes a serious problem.

In this village, water facility plays a very important role especially during summer. In the summer, due to water scarcity, most of the villagers becomes as labourers to get work in house and road construction. But, still sand scarcity makes them unemployed for almost 50 present during summer months.

In this village 10 % of household has their own hand pump for daily usage, but water ground level is so deep. Almost all villagers depend on the water tap connection ( nalla) for drinking water.

The ground water level ranges in between 1000 feet and 1500 feet. The villagers drink water un-purified or un-boiled. In every household at least one member have/had one of the diseases like stone, jaundice, and gastric problem.

Almost 90% household have toilet constructed under Swachh Bharat Mission but these are not finished, so people at present are unable to use it. In this village many families have received LPG Gas under Ujjwal Yojna but most of the families use wood for domestic fuel until it is prohibited to bring woods from forest by Forest Department.

Women of this village do not have many livelihood opportunities, so they are involved in domestic work. Some of them help their male partner in sand mining and in selling vegetables and flowers. Many of the families are involved in animal husbandry.

4.4 House hold survey:

Villagers were very happy once they were aware about Unnat Bharat Abhiyan through hamlet meeting and social mobilization. From MRIET two members of UBA went to Maisammaguda village and conducted house hold survey in the first week of June, 2018.

In household survey form basic information about a family like how many no. of persons are in family, their age, education, health, livelihood, agriculture related information and many other issues which is related to their day to day life like, problems faced by the villagers in their village and No of Govt. scheme reach in the village and finally prioritize these problems were collected. This becomes the basic evidence as well as the information to prepare village development plan according to their needs and requirement.

4.5 Patch visit: In Gundla Pochampally village Unnat Bharat Abhiyan members of MRIET visited different patch of the village where individual bio gas plant is proposed to be set up. Some of the patches were proposed to cultivate Lemon grass. Some of the patches where horticulture is grown by using chemical fertiliser, weedicide and pesticides, were also visited by UBA team members with villagers besides of theses patches it proposed to promote organic farming.

4.6 Problem identification:

The best benefit of the village is it is connected by road with National Highway 44. One more benefit is natural village pond as a water reservoir. Apart from, the problems identified based on the house hold survey and hamlet meeting were identified and listed below:

a) Almost 90 % of household does not have their own hand pump. And ground water level ranges in between 1000 feet and 1500 feet.

b) Telangana Government water supply through house hold taps are not adequate. c) No proper Sewerage has been found. d) No self-help groups e) No proper street lamps f) No skill labour

g) In this village many house hold have at least one family member have suffered /suffering with Jaundice, kidney-Stone, Skin disease. h) Social behavioural change through communication is needed for toilets use. i) Most of the families use wood and cow dung for domestic fuel purpose j) Only short duration yielding vegetables and flowers crops are grown k) More than 95 % of the farmers use chemical fertilizers, insecticide. l) Low awareness about immunization m) School dropout rate is very high as much as 50% n) Social Issues

 Women empowerment  Alcoholism and Smoking  Sanitation and Hygiene

5 Participatory Rural Appraisal

Participatory – Represents a “bottom-up” approach where village people or beneficiaries are involved in a process in the form of good communication by providing needed information to the MRIET CNSS project staff.

Rural – word represents any situation irrespective of urban or rural, with both illiterate and literate people.

Appraisal – Represents the first stage of the project`, which means Finding out the needed information about the potential issues and problem to be addresses during the execution of the project.

In total, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is an exercise where villagers share the various information about the village with the outsiders which is helpful to know the various information about the livelihood of villagers.

In other words PRA represents “for the rural community, by the rural community and with the rural community”.

PRA is a process helps to develop their own skills needed to address issues, analyze options and carry out activities. Participatory decision making reflects respect for human dignity and creating the opportunity for individuals. 17

PRA is a growing combination of approaches and methods that enable rural people to share, enhance and analyse their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and act and to monitor and evaluate.

The role of the members of MRIET is that of a catalyst, a facilitator of processes within a community which is prepared to alter their present situation.

The aim of PRA is to help strengthen the capacity of villagers to plan, make decisions, and to take action towards improving their own situation. The basic idea of PRA is to rather quickly collect, analyze and evaluate information on rural conditions and local knowledge. This information is generated in close co-operation with the local population in rural areas.

PRA techniques:

Visualisation - Verbalisation - Documentation

Diagrams, maps are created by the people by using symbols they develop or define. This helps them to understand the product and to modify them if necessary in a creative way.

Sequencing

Different PRA tools are combined in a specific order to achieve the goals of the PRA process: building relationship with the people, empowering the people, increase their analysing and problem solving capacities and validation of the data. Semi-structured interviews, village mapping can be supplemented by farm maps and flow charts.

Optimal Ignorance

This means not trying to find out more than needed and not trying to measure what does not need to be measured (appropriate imprecision), or not measuring more accurately than is necessary for practical purposes. Therefore, in PRA instead of exact measurement ranking and scoring are preferred. The main reason is that it is easier and more cost effective to get such information, which is enough for decisions.

Triangulation

Triangulation represents involvement of at least three (thus the word” triangulation”) among needed different methods, locations, interviewees, team members in order to improve the accuracy of the picture generated by the learning process. So that, the triangulation is a village mapping in the form of an overall picture which represents the bio-physical and socio-economic situation of the village.

Fig.7 Community Participation in the form of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) at all stages of the project.

Participatory Planning Process – Two Stages

(i) First Stage – Hamlet/Village meeting (ii) Second – House Hold survey

Fig.8. Flow chart representation of a typical PRA process.

PRA exercise at Gundla Pochampalli Village

After conducting above PRA exercises, the following village development plan has been formulated.

Figure: Village survey under Unnath Bharat Abhiyan Flagship Program

Fig.9 and 10. PRA exercise of Gundlapochampalli village.

Observation generated through household survey and PRA exercise

Gundlapochampalli village is located on the NH-44, which is situated 0.5 km far from ORR. Description of main road as well as internal roads can be found in the PRA map. Roads represent a key infrastructure in the form of facilitating connectivity of persons and goods and services to important institutions and markets. Main connecting road of the village becomes very poor in rainy season, so it requires immediate attention. There is one Anganwadi centre and a primary school in the village. Total literacy rate in the village is 60.36%. School dropout is very common for them. There is one Ashram at south east side of the village and a temple at south west side of the village where villagers go occasionally. Average electricity availability in village is 20 hrs. /day. There are 5 solar street lights in the village.

5.1 Demographic Profile of the village

In this village total population is around 9000 with a gender ratio of 960 female per 1000 male and have 68 households. Village has 4 wards.

Total Household 2165 (OC-350,OBC-615,SC & ST -900, Gen-315) Total Population 8645-8650 Gender Ratio 960 Females per 1000 Males Average Members per Family 4

Table 2. Demographic Profile of the Gundla Pochampalli village

Gender Wise Population Across Age Groups

Age 0-5 Years 6-18 Years 19-45 Years 46 and Above Total Male 175 590 1690 2000 4455 Female 168 568 1628 1924 4210

Table 3. Gender Wise Population list

Fig .11: Gender wise population across age groups.

5.2 Health profile

Health is a very important component of human development. For healthy and productive community,the villagers should have access to basic health facilities. Unfortunately at Gundla Pochampalli village no sub centre or primary health centre is available. The government civil hospital is situated near about 15 km (alwal) away from the village. It has been observed that Jaundice, kidney Stone, Skin disease and Asthma is very common in the village. Villagers have to go Kompally for even basic treatment. On the main road towards panchayat headquarter building there is a First aid clinic which is open only on working days during office hours, so people prefer to go to Alwal governament civil hospital. A private hospital building has been constructed in the village but not started its operation till now in full.

5.3 Drinking/Potable water facility

For the requirement of daily water needs, entire village depends on their nalla (a tap water facility arranged by Telangana State Government).10 % of people depend on the private water tank supply. Ground bore pump water table is more than 1000ft feet deep. A water storage (rein forced concrete) Overhead tank with a capacity of more than 100000 liters and bore depth of 1500 feet had been constructed in year of 2016 but not in operation since that date. The cause of delay in operation is still not clear among the villagers. In addition 70% of households do have concrete reinforced water tank facility at home.

Source of Drinking Water % of Household Usage Municipality Piped Water 90% Community water tank 8% Hand Pump 1% Open Well 1% Other Resource 0%

Table 4. Census of drinking water facility

5.4 Agricultural Profile

As per the details provided by Village Development Officer, total land of the village is less than 655 acres (water body land- 10 acres, residential land- 100 acres, forest or government land is about- 35 acres, agriculture land is 510 acres).

Approximately 70 households are involved in agriculture, among which 10 of them are involved in share cropping. Most of the families are landless. Main crops are Maize, Seasonal Flowers, and horticulture (Vegetables). Agriculture land of this village is around 510 acres. The average quantity use of chemical fertilizers, chemical insecticides, and organic manures for the main crops per acre are 100 kg, 0.5 kg and 0.7 kg. The main agriculture products in the village are Maize, fruits, flowers and vegetables.

Compost Pit

Compost Pit Village Data Individual 55 Group 5 None 10

Table 5. Availability of Compost Pit.

Fig 12: Compost Pit Usage.

Cattle population, productivity, shelter and waste

Type of Cattle Shelter Number of sheds in Village Total No. of Livestock 280 Permanent concrete shed 4 (1.5%) Sheds with steel roofing sheets for livestock 119 (42%) Mud Brick shelter for livestock 3 (1%) Open shelter for livestock 155 (47%) Table 6. Cattle population

Cattle wise population per household among various

Type Cow Buffalo Goats/Sheep Bullocks Calves Poultry/Duck Caste OC 5 4 0 0 2 20 OBC 8 29 50 2 20 300 ST 0 6 12 0 2 250

SC 0 0 0 2 2 400 Others 33 4 24 0 22 33 Table 7. cattle population per house hold

100% of house hold use LPG, no house hold is using wood and cow dung for cooking purpose.

Government schemes coverage

From household survey it has been observed that there is less awareness among the villagers for different central government schemes, but 90% of them are well aware of Telangana State Government schemes. The enrolment percentage of eligible village people in different state government schemes is listed out in the following table 8.

Name of the Total Coverage Among Telangana State Government Scheme Villagers Rythu Bandhu 20% Ration Card Or Food Security Card 98% Crop Insurance for Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bhima 80% Yojana Crop Loan Waiver Scheme 5% Kalyana Lakshmi 90% Aasara Pension Scheme 55% CM KCR Double Bedroom Housing scheme merger 95% with PM Awas Yojana Aasara Pension Scheme for Disabilities 100% SC ST car loan schemes 100% Unemployment Allowance Schemes 4 0%

Table8. enrolment percentage of people in different state government schemes till march 2017

Similarly, It has been found that that less than 30 % households having enrolment in central government schemes such PM Ujjwala Awas, Swachh Bharat mission toilet, Soil health card, PM Jan dhan, Sukanyasamridhi Mudra, Jivanjyotibima, Jananisurakshayojana. Kisan credit card.the enrolment percentage has been listed out in the table xxx given below. Adhaar card coverage is 98 %, Bank coverage is 75 %.

Name of the Total % Coverage Among Villagers Central Government Scheme PM Ujjwala 7.67 Awas 1.61 Swachh Bharat mission toilet 1.28 Soil health card 1.02 PM Jan dhan 7.6 Mudra 14.19 Jivanjyotibima 13 Surakshabima 11.6 Jananisurakshayojana 10.5 Kisan credit card 15.19 Sukanyasamridhi 7.3 Table 9 enrolment percentage of people in different state government schemes till march 2017 28

Fig 13: Government schemes coverage.

Drainage Usage

100 % of households have washrooms and toilets. Only 5 % of them have separate toilet sump instead of connection to public drainage. More than 95% households have no drainage system and remaining 5% have open and partially covered type drainage system.

Fig 14: % of Drainage linked to households.

Main source of irrigation is a water pond located very near to the village which is formed naturally. Water drain channel is connected with East channel of the natural pond (as shown in the following first figure 15.This main source of irrigation have some critical blockage issues that has been identified (as shown in the following second figure) and resolved immediately to make this village more hygienic, self sustainable and wealthy.

Fig 15 and16: First photo is the east channel of village pond without proper concrete. The second photo represents cleaning of main canal used for irrigation.

Action Plan -1 After analyzing the identified problems at Gundla Pochampalli village, MRIET prepared below given action plan:  Promote higher education for school dropout children.

 Create Women Self Help Groups (SHGs) and capacity building.  Awareness campaign for immunization and health issue  Sensitizing youth about health consequences of smoking and alcoholism  Counseling session for youth to leave smoking/alcoholism  Carry out cleanliness drives  Compiegne for creating awareness about hygiene and sanitation with the help of nearest Govt. medical Sub centre.  Waste disposal practice should be promoted through social behavior change communication  Personal hygiene and basic sanitation awareness may be created among villagers with the help of UBA member and local NGOs  School children may be sensitizing through special classes/quiz /competition etc.

Action Plan – 2 MRIET will work on these five technologies at Gundla Pochampalli village in first year  Setup of Bio gas plant  Promotion of Smokeless cook stove  Mushroom cultivation  Organic farming  Lemon grass cultivation

6. Setup of Biogas Plant:

A large amount of biomass are available in this village therefore, group of experts of MRIET have decided to setup household biogas plant and training will be given to run, maintain and use the biogas system by utilization Ministry of New and renewable Energy (MNRE) scheme. MRIET will work with Dhatri Foundation who is already working in these villages. Biogas generated will be used for cooking purpose which will be sufficient for a family of 6-8 members. Biogas slurry also will be used for bio fertilizer and bio pesticide preparation. Further, their health will be improved as biogas is a clean gas and burns without producing smoke. At the time of PRA exercise some of villagers showed their interest for biogas plants setup also to (a) Organize training courses and to demonstrate enterprises and for staff department and implementation agencies.(b) Carry out research and development on new scopes of Biogas technologies involving biogas enrichment and bottling techniques.(c) Provide technical support for National Biogas manure management program.(d) Develop multidisciplinary network program in the area of biogas technology.

Interested in Biogas Plant Installation Villager Name ID Contact Aadhar No. Status Details Kandula Bharatha simha 17947 7702768277 416580016251 Interested reddy Dodda naga sai sree 17898 9391690326 864734299959 Interested Ganesh Chakali Khajavali 17902 9059631013 966580308105 Interested Vangala shyam Prasad 17909 9618685146 303724593526 Interested in Goud common biogas plant but land S Sreeja 17911 9705085519 723913664622 available at a distance of ~300' feet from consumption place

M Goldy 17916 9290014052 920430756002

Thanneeru Ravi Kumar 17919 9700018192 814103694450 ` Katuri Hemasri 17946 7989370137 998596196444 Kodagandla srikar 17955 9640851131 691675619745 Interested K Chandana 17972 8374650651 345920082966 Interested Koyyada Sindhuja 17985 9553944048 545562581968 Interested Kambam Swetha _ 9951067773 961465235304 Interested Jithendar Sharma _ 7396900158 549809128224 Interested Kalyanam Indumathi _ 8106622950 721197553376 Interested Gattu Sandeep _ 9490139544 392983346254 Interested

Improved Cook stoves

Most of the households use only traditional cook stoves for cooking. The incomplete combustion of these solid biomass fuels causes dense soot formation which is highly hazardous to women and small children of the residing in the cooking area. In this scenario it is necessary to provide electricity as well as clean cooking. Clean combustion of solid biomass fuels depends on the air-to-fuel ratio.

There is a scope for introducing improved cook stoves. MRIET can play a role in the same at two levels: (i) spreading awareness about commercially available cook stoves (ii) introducing them to low cost technologies which can be retrofitted in the existing stoves with substantial improvement in performance.

Improved Biomass Cook stove for Implementation under Unnat Chulha Abhiyan Program for 2014-15 to MRIET sponsored by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Govt.of India. Rural people still rely on traditional cook stove due to:-

• Traditional and cultural values • Affordability

Fig 17 and 18. Promotion of smoke free Biogas usage.

Interested in Smoke free biomas Cook stove Installation

Name Online Contact No. Adhar Card Remarks ID S Sreeja 17947 9705085519 723913664622 Interested M Goldy 17898 9290014052 920430756002 Interested Thanneeru Ravi Kumar 17902 9700018192 814103694450 Interested

Katuri Hemasri 17909 7989370137 998596196444 Interested

Kodagandla srikar 17955 9640851131 691675619745 Interested K Chandana 17972 8374650651 345920082966 Interested Koyyada Sindhuja 17922 9553944048 545562581968 Interested Kambam Swetha 17980 9951067773 961465235304 Interested Jithendar Sharma 17989 7396900158 549809128224 Interested Kalyanam Indumathi 17945 8106622950 721197553376 Interested Gattu Sandeep 17933 9490139544 392983346254 Interested Bandari Preethi _- 9393055442 542820198536 Interested Peravena Mahesh Yadav _17981 9666786422 556686549621 Interested Murugesan Muthu Kumar _- 8712301496 769044249985 Interested Boya Susmitha 17985 9491070656 424949858830 Interested Bhutham Nagasaimani 17911 9985271522 613472685741 Interested Vangala Shyam Prasad 17916 9885758103 303724593526 Interested Goud Garachetla Mithun Kumar 17919 9059810333 378528793996 Interested Reddy Choul Sachith 17946 9490452437 739571347879 Interested Gubbala Satyaprath -_ 9441705494 363374291083 Interested

7. Mushroom cultivation

Mushroom cultivation among agricultural graduates, unemployed youth and farm folks as an important agro-based enterprise, which will help in self-employment and boost the cultivation Gundla Pochampalli village, thereby, improving the living standard of marginal farmers/landless workers particularly farm women as well as act as a source of rural employment to the educated but unemployed youth. At Gundla Pochampalli village women have very limited job opportunities, so they can be engaged with one of the most growing business in rural area i.e., mushroom cultivation. Many women in this village have shown their interest in mushroom cultivation. In local market price of frozen mushroom Rs.250-300/kg and fresh mushroom Rs. 350-400 (data is mentioned as per online market value on dated during mar 2018)

MRIET will provide the facilities of imparting training in mushroom growing, spawn and compost production and cropping rooms for growing mushrooms. These facilities will go a long way in strengthening the mushroom production which can assume the shape of commercial level. The trained people are able to take up this venture on commercial basis for self-employment and also as a family enterprise. It will provide the people with an additional vegetable of high quality, and enrich the diet with high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins which can be of direct benefit to the human health and fitness. The extractable bioactive compounds from medicinal mushrooms would enhance human’s immune systems and improve their quality of life.

The major practical steps/segments of mushroom cultivation are: (a) selection of an acceptable mushroom species; (b) secreting a good quality fruiting culture; (c) development of robust spawn; (d)preparation of selective substrate/compost; (e) care of mycelia (spawn) running; (f) management of fruiting/ mushroom development; and (g) harvesting mushrooms carefully.

Fig 18 and 19: Mushroom cultivation grow cycle 38

Objectives

 To enhance the entrepreneurial skills of agricultural graduates and impart hands on/Experiential training  To impart vocational training to the prospective growers; and to provide forward and backward linkages by extending technical knowledge  To utilize the wastes such as cereal straws are largely burnt by the farmers, which causes air pollution, for the cultivation of mushrooms.  To generate employment, particularly for rural women and youth in order to raise their social status. It will also provide additional work for the farmers during winter months when the farming schedule is light.  To generate short return agricultural business and can be of immediate benefit to the community.

Interested in Mushroom Cultivation

Name Online Contact No. Adhar Card Remarks ID Peravena Mahesh Yadav 17947 9666786422 556686549621 Interested Murugesan Muthu Kumar 17898 8712301496 769044249985 Interested Boya Susmitha 17902 9491070656 424949858830 Interested Bhutham Nagasaimani 17955 9985271522 613472685741 Interested Vangala Shyam Prasad _ 9885758103 303724593526 Interested Goud Garachetla Mithun Kumar 17911 9059810333 378528793996 Interested Reddy Choul Sachith 17941 9490452437 739571347879 Interested Gubbala Satyaprath _ 9441705494 363374291083 Interested

8. Lemon grass cultivation:

Lemongrass cultivation is one of the best ways for the upliftment of poor people living in the Gundla Pochampalli village. The future scope of this cultivation is to generate more money by selling lemongrass oil. This can be a better livelihood option for the villagers to improve their entrepreneur skills. Vegetable and fruits cultivation in Gundla Pochampalli village suffers by damage due to wild animals such as Monkeys. Hence, lemon grass 39 cultivation is better lossless option in this region.

Fig 20 and 21: Lemon grass planting

Interested in Lemon Grass Cultivation

Name Online Contact No. Adhar Card Remarks ID Kalyanam Indumathi 17972 8106622950 721197553376 Interested Gattu Sandeep 17985 9490139544 392983346254 Interested Bandari Preethi _ 9393055442 542820198536 Interested

Specific objective: 1. To promote new scope and opportunity in the field of lemongrass cultivation in this region. 2. To find the key drawbacks in cultivation, processing and marketing of the lemongrass in this region.

For planting of the same two practices are followed: direct seeding and transplanting methods. Average planting cost per hectare comes to Rs. 69,990- which ranged from

Rs.52001- to Rs. 97501. On an average 25 kg of oil can be obtained from first year from per hectare plantation and about 80 to 100 kg of oil per year from 2nd to 6th year if it is being well maintained. India is annually producing nearly 1000 MT per year while the world demand is much more. Annually, we are exporting lemon grass oil to a tune of about Rs. 5 crores.

Plans for skill up gradation among women:

The Producer group or farm land owner will choose one of its members to help women to acquire skills in improved agriculture. The MRIET NSS team along with their volunteer team will help farmers to adopt modern farming techniques. They will provide services to farmers who remain accountable to and will be paid mutually agreed rates by their collectives.

Organic farming: MRIET will promote organic farming instead of present inorganic based cultivating behavior. Above given household survey report and PRA evidences show that, almost all farmers use chemical fertilizer and insecticide to achieve more plant yield and to maintain the soil more nutrient. Organic farming has been considered as an agricultural production system that abides by natural cycles of production and excludes the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and feed additives.

The organic cultivation system depends on locally available plant/animal resources, crop residues, animal manures, organic waste. The biological control of pests and diseases management leads to qualitative and quantitative crop production. Use of indigenous varieties of seeds, bio-compost using agro-waste, dung, bio-pesticides, animal power etc refers to organic farming. The components of organic farming activities are conceived to enhance maximum production in a sustainable manner by interacting with ecological well-being.

Fig 22 and 23: Organic farming A target oriented holistic approach for organic farming program will be promoted. We will interact, and implement organic farming activities with farmers and the public. The aims to revive the organic farming activities will be following:

1. To generate awareness among the farming community about ill-effects of use of chemicals in farming and the importance of organic farming.

10. To help in developing basic standards, guidelines and certification schemes for the benefit of growers, entrepreneurs and consumers. 11. To develop organic farming packages. 12. To document and publish literature on organic farming in various forms. 13. To use print and electronic media for popularization of organic farming techniques. 14. To establish contacts, networking and co-ordination with all the agencies engaged in promotion of organic farming, processing, packaging and marketing of organic food products.

Women farmer awareness generation:

One more major focus of VDP is to increase the awareness of Self Help Group (SHG) women members make financially independent. Which can be achieved by making them more aware about the different central and state government schemes like Bridhapension, jandhanyojna, fasalbimayojna , Sichayiyojna , Soil health card Kissan credit card etc,.

Marketing: Major profit loss to the farmer happens when they approach middleman for selling their organic yielding. These farmers will be tied with vendors in local market through implementing agencies where they can sell their produce as organics. This avoids problems of middleman. The networking and coordination will be established with various agencies of Government, NGO’s, Private and Corporate houses engaged in promoting production, processing, packaging and marketing of organic food, food products and other allied goods. The same strategy will be applied for different agro-produce.

Activities to be undertaken in near future.

9. Water Management  There is a need for installation of drinking water and soil testing machine  Repair and restoration of drinking water bore well in the village needs to be done.

VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR GUNDLA POCHAMPALLI, MEDCHAL MANDAL, RANGA REDDY DISTRICT, TELANGANA STATE.

MALLA REDDY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY- MAISAMMAGUDA, DHULAPALLI POST, SECUNDERABAD-90. A.Y. 2017-2018

CONTENTS S.No. Page No. Topic Heading

1 Introduction 03 2 Objectives 05 3 Methodology 06 3.1. Selection of Cluster of Villages 07 3.2. Flow chart of VDP 09 4 Execution of VDP 10 4.1. Selection of Village 10 4.2. Reaching Village 10 4.3. Village Meeting 12 4.4. House Hold Survey 13 4.5. Problem Identification 14 5 Participatory Rural Appraisal 15 5.1 Demographic Profile of the Village 21 5.2 Health Profile 22 5.3 Drinking/Potable water facility 23 5.4 Agriculture Profile 24 5.5 Compost pit 25

6 Mushroom Cultivation 35 6.1 Objectives 36 7 Lemon Grass Cultivation 37 8 Water Management 39 9 Organic farming 41

Village Development Plan Centre for NSS Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology (MRIET)

1. Introduction

Centre for NSS (CNSS) is planned and implemented by a group of dedicated student and faculty members of Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology (MRIET), Maisammaguda, Secunderabad. This center (CNSS) aims to facilitate continuous knowledge transfer by organizing recurring interactive sessions between society and academic system. This center also provides knowledge and practices for emerging professions and to upgrade the capabilities of both the public and the private sectors in response to the developmental needs of rural India. This program also aims to bring a transformational change in rural development by active participation of higher academic institutions with local communities. This regular practice will be helpful for reorientation of curricula and R&D design of academic Institutions. This center for NSS has been designated to function, to lead and to coordinate MRIET organization for NSS activities in the rural Telangana State. The program of Centre for NSS (CNSS) is to enable participation of higher educational institutions to work with the people of rural India in identifying development challenges and evolving appropriate solutions for time to time accelerating sustainable growth. A village development plan (VDP) is a statement about how a community sees itself developing over the next few years and what actions are needed to realize that vision. A VDP is a plan outlining the desired developments according to the inhabitants – for the quality of life within the village. A VDP identifies issues affecting the community and in the immediate surroundings in terms of social, environment and economic issues. Under the Centre for NSS (CNSS) MRIET adopted a cluster of five villages namely : (1) Gundla Pochampalli,(2) Bahadurpalli, (3) Dhulapalli,(4) Kompalli and (5) Maisammaguda, in Rangareddy District.

MRIET college affliated to JNTU University, Hyderabad officially announced with a letter attached below.

NSS Student Co-ordinators, MRIET

2. Objectives

Based on the preliminary interactions with the villagers and with the village panchayat administration, the objectives of the work to be carried out by the MRIET CNSS team was defined as given below:

sufficient employment opportunities in the village itself.  To study and process the needed state and national level govt. Schemes such as water and sanitation, management of rural structure etc  To encourage the village women through active participation in decision making process and to uplift the average income of the village.  To associate with district administration and with village panchayatiraj institutions to raise village development fund needed for various village developmental activities  To provide latest technological inputs for uplifting income  To provide latest technology to promote effective communication among all individual villagers as well as with the host technological Institute.  To promote Telangana State level local schemes specific to women safety (She teams), anti alcohol, water charging (Rain-water HarvestingInkudu gunthalu), woman empowerment etc.

3. Methodology

In order to meet those above mentioned objectives the following steps has been framed by our faculty members as given below:

Step-1: Collection of primary information by our team of CNSS of the village through Village level survey, Household Survey, Rapid Rural Survey, Participatory Rural Appraisal.

Step-2: Formation of data base in order to identify of the areas in which MRIET can provide technical support along with the key experts.

Step-3: Collection of secondary information through feedback from the villagers.

Step-4: The analyzed primary and secondary data will be presented to the Gram Panchayat and the Gramsabha.

The identified key expert from MRIET team will be involved in providing the technical support in implementation of the above plan so that the practical approach can be framed easily on the issues such as preparation of cost estimates, technical specifications in tenders, selection of the supplier. After implementation of the plans in each component, the MRIET team will also provide support in monitoring and evaluation of the same by guiding the technical personnel who can be hired by the Panchayat administration. MRIET team will also help these technical nodal personnel in preparing the monitoring and evaluation report.

Fig.1. Geographical location of cluster of five villages adopted by MRIET. (Image Source-Google)

The above locations to address the following issues tabulated below: 1. House Hold Survey 2. Literacy Survey 3. Mushroom Cultivation 4. Biogas usage awareness 5. Mushroom cultivation 6. Lemon grass cultivation Table:1 Village Co-ordinators from MRIET S.No. Village Name Village Co-ordinator from MRIET 1 Dhulapalli Mr. Abdul Rehaman 2 Maisammaguda Mr. N.Naveen Kumar 3 Gundlapochampalli Mr. Magbul Basha 4 Kompalli Mr. Anil 5 Bahadurpalli Mr. Santosh

Mr. Sheshagiri Rao Associate Professor MRIET is Coordinator for this cluster of villages from MRIET.

3.2 Flow chart of Village Development Plan:

The steps are elaborated village wise as given below.

4. Execution of Village Development Plan:

4.1. Selection of Village: Gundla Pochampalli

Gundla Pochampalli village is in Medchal mandal of Ranga Reddy District of Telanga State. This village is adopted by MRIET under Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) program. This village is one of the main revenue villages of this Panchayat and located half kilometer away from Greater Hyderabad Outer Ring Road (ORR) as shown in the following figure-2

Figure (2): Location of Gundla Pochampalli village.

4.2. Reaching village Gundla Pochampalli

Gundla Pochampalli village is located 22.6 km away from Secunderabad Railway station and 80 km away from Shamshabad International airport. This village is located on the National Highway-44 (Medak and Secunderabad) as shown in the following figure-3.

Figure (3): Location of Gundla Pochampalli village on the National Highway-44. (Image Source-Google)

The village is located close to one major water source i.e natural village pond (Cheruvu) and no canal or River is located nearby. A modest population of 9009 people lives in this village.

Table:2 Village Census report: Gundla Kompalli Bahadurpalli Maisammagude Dhulapalli Pochampalli Total area of the 1334 2225 742 763 1015 village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 9009 15575 5051 4965 6802 2011 census ) Number of 1936 3115 1052 1079 1447 households (2011 census) Primary school 7 11 4 5 6 (PP) Senior Secondary 4 5 1 1 2 school (SS) Degree college of 0 0 0 0 0 arts science & commerce (ASC) Engineering 4 2 0 14 2 college(EC) Medical college 0 0 2 0 0 (MC)

Fig (4): Gundla Pochampalli Village Aerial View and linkage to ORR and Secunderabad. (Image Source-Google)

4.3 Village meeting

Social Mobilization has been conducted through hamlet meeting and Village meeting. At first, a hamlet and village meeting were held on 14-11-2017 for discussion of Center of NSS UNIT objective and plan.

13 work.

As per the feedback received from the villagers the main problem of the village is water scarcity and wild animals, specially monkeys which eat and destroy their crops. Specially some of the families whose main occupation is sharecropping, this becomes a serious problem for them.

In this village, water facility plays a very important role especially during summer. In the summer, due to water scarcity, most of the villagers becomes as labourers to get work in house and road construction. But sand scarcity makes them unemployed for almost 50 present during summer months.

In this village 10 % of household has their own hand pump for daily usage, but ground water level is very deep. Almost all villagers depend on the water tap connection ( nalla) for drinking water.

The ground water level ranges between 1000 feet and 1500 feet. The villagers drink un- purified or un-boiled water. In every household at least one member have had one of the diseases like kidney-stone, jaundice, and gastric problem.

Almost 90% households have toilets constructed under Swachh Bharat Mission but these are not finished, so people at present are unable to use it. In this village many families have received LPG Gas under Ujjwal Yojna but most of the families use wood for domestic fuel until it is prohibited to bring woods from forest by Forest Department.

4.4 House hold survey:

Villagers were very happy once they were aware about Unnat Bharat Abhiyan through hamlet meeting and social mobilization. From MRIET two Faculty members of NSS Unit went to Gundla Pochampally village and conducted house hold survey in the first week of November, 2017.

In household survey form basic information about a family like how many persons are in family, their age, education, health, livelihood, agriculture related information and many other issues which is related to their day to day life like, problems faced by the villagers 14 in their village and No of Govt. scheme reaching in the village and finally prioritize these problems were collected. This becomes the basic evidence as well as the information to prepare village development plan according to their needs and requirement.

4.5 Patch visit: In Gundla Pochampally village Unnat Bharat Abhiyan members of MRIET visited different patch of the village where individual bio gas plant is proposed to be set up. Some of the patches were proposed to cultivate Lemon grass. Some of the patches where horticulture is done by using chemical fertilisers, weedicide and pesticides, were also visited by UBA team members with villagers. Besides these patches, it is proposed to promote organic farming.

4.6 Problem identification:

The best benefit of the village is it is connected by road with National Highway 44. One more benefit is natural village pond as a water reservoir. Apart from this, the problems identified were based on the house hold survey and hamlet meeting were identified and listed below:

a) Almost 90 % of household does not have their own hand pump and ground water level ranges in between 1000 feet and 1500 feet.

b) Telangana Government water supply through house holds taps are not adequate. c) No proper Sewerage has been found. d) No self-help groups e) No proper street lamps f) No skill labour g) In this village many house hold have at least one family member who suffered /suffering from Jaundice, kidney-Stone, Skin disease. h) Social behavioural change through communication is needed for toilets to be used. i) Most of the families use wood and cow dung for domestic fuel purpose j) Only short duration yielding vegetables and flowers crops are grown k) More than 90 % of the farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides.

l) Low awareness about immunization m) School dropout rate is very high as much as 50% n) Social Issues

 Women empowerment  Alcoholism and Smoking  Sanitation and Hygiene

5 Participatory Rural Appraisal

Rural – word represents any situation irrespective of urban or rural, with both illiterate and literate people.

Appraisal – Represents` The first stage of the project`, which means `Finding out the needed information about the potential issues and problem to be addresses during the execution of the project`.

In other words PRA represents “for the rural community, by the rural community and with the rural community”.

PRA is a process which helps to develop their own skills needed to address issues, analyze options and carry out activities. Participatory decision making reflects respect for human dignity and creating the opportunity for individuals.

PRA is a growing combination of approaches and methods that enable rural people to share, enhance and analyse their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and act and to monitor and evaluate.

The role of the members of MRIET is that of a catalyst, a facilitator of processes within a community which is prepared to alter their present situation.

The aim of PRA is to help strengthen the capacity of villagers to plan, make decisions, and to take action towards improving their own situation. The basic idea of PRA is to rather quickly collect, analyse and evaluate information on rural conditions and local knowledge. This information is generated in close co-operation with the local population in rural areas.

PRA techniques:

Visualisation - Verbalisation - Documentation

Diagrams, maps are created by the people by using symbols they develop or define. This helps them to understand the product and to modify them if necessary in a creative way.

Sequencing

Optimal Ignorance

Triangulation

Fig.(5) Community Participation in the form of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) at all stages of the project. 18

Participatory Planning Process – Two Stages

(i) First Stage – Hamlet/Village meeting (ii) Second – House Hold survey

Fig.6. Flowchart representation of a typical PRA process.

PRA exercise at Gundla Pochampalli Village

After conducting above PRA exercises, the following village development plan has been formulated.

Resource mapping

At the end of the household survey, we organized a meeting with the villagers to discuss major issues related to Gundla Pochampalli village. We conducted the PRA exercise at the Primary School of village. The present ward member, teachers of primary school, youth and number of villagers participated in this mapping exercise. Each and every detail has been drawn on a chart paper first with the pencil and then with the different color sketches for easy visual identification of all above mentioned information. Please refer Fig (1) and below mentioned relation of colored lines with the elements of the collected information. We marked the location of the government amenities, area covered by the civil forest, presence of the holy place (like Temple and Masjid), and information about the available irrigation resources like canal, water drain, bore well and river etc. This village has one Anganwadi and one primary school and water tank (not in function) a irrigation channel which cover almost whole village but water flow is very slow. Gundla Pochampalli village is connected with NH-44. No natural canal is situated nearby this village.

While conducting the PRA we were asking the questions as per UBA questionnaire form also to the target group for obtaining information at village level and taking notes of all the responses.

 Sky blue color for water body; Red for naming  Pink color for house, poultry farm; Blue for government buildings like school, AWC,  Bore well, hand pump, electricity distribution center, hospital  Coffee color for N.H. highway, holy place, telecommunication tower  Dark blue for internal streets or roads; Yellow for katcha road, water tank  Light green for CNG plant; Dark green for fields

Fig.(7.1 and 7.2). PRA exercise of Gundla Pochampalli village.

Observation generated through household survey and PRA exercise

Gundla Pochampalli village is located on the NH-44, which is situated 0.5 km far from ORR. Description of main road as well as internal roads (SH) can be found in the PRA map. Roads represent a key infrastructure in the form of facilitating connectivity of persons and goods and services to important institutions and markets. Main connecting road of the village becomes very poor in rainy season, so it requires immediate attention. There is one Anganwadi centre and a primary school in the village. Total literacy rate in the village is 60.36%. School dropout is very common for them. There is one Ashram at south east side of the village and a temple at south west side of the village where villagers go occasionally. Average electricity availability in village is 20 hrs. /day. There are 5 solar street lights in the village.

5.1 Demographic Profile of the village

In this village total population is around 8650 with a gender ratio of 955 female per 1000 male and have 68 households. Village has 4 wards.

Table 3. Demographic Profile of the Gundla Pochampalli village Total Household 2165 (OC-350,OBC-615,SC & ST -900, Gen-315) Total Population 8645-8650 Gender Ratio 955 Females per 1000 Males Average Members per Family 4

Gender Wise Population Across Age Groups

Table 4. Gender Wise Population list Age 0-5 Years 6-18 Years 19-45 Years 46 and Above Total Male 175 590 1690 2000 4455 Female 168 568 1628 1924 4210

Fig (8): Gender wise population across age groups.

5.2 Health profile

Health is a very important component of human development. For healthy and productive life community the villagers should have access to basic health facilities. Unfortunately at Gundla Pochampalli village no sub centre or primary health centre is available. The government civil hospital is situated near about 15 km (alwal) away from the village. It has been observed that Jaundice, kidney Stone, Skin disease and Asthma is very common in the village. Villagers have to go Kompally for even basic treatment. On the main road towards panchayat headquarter building there is a First aid clinic which is open only on working days during office hours, so people prefer to go to Alwal governament civil hospital. A private hospital building has been constructed in the village but not started its operation till now in full.

5.3 Drinking/Potable water facility

For the requirement of daily water needs, entire village depends on their nalla (a tap water facility arranged by Telangana State Government). 10 % of people depend on the private water tank supply. Ground bore pump water table is more than 1000ft deep. A water storage (rein forced concrete) Overhead tank with a capacity of more than 100000 liters and bore depth of 1500 feet had been constructed in year of 2016 but not in operation since that date. The cause of delay in operation is still not clear among the villagers. In addition 70% of households do have concrete reinforced water tank facility at home.

Source of Drinking Water % of Household Usage Municipality Piped Water 90% Community water tank 8% Hand Pump 1% Open Well 1% Other Resource 0%

Table5. census of drinking water facility

Fig (9): Percentage of usage of drinking water facility.

5.4 Agricultural Profile

5.5 Compost Pit

Table 6. Availability of Compost Pit. Compost Pit Village Data Individual 55 Group 5 None 10

Fig (10): Compost Pit Usage. 25

Cattle population, productivity, shelter and waste

Cattle wise population per household among various

Type Cow Buffalo Goats/Sheep Bullocks Calves Poultry/Duck Caste OC 5 4 0 0 2 20 OBC 8 29 50 2 20 300 ST 0 6 12 0 2 250 SC 0 0 0 2 2 400 Others 33 4 24 0 22 33

100% of house hold use LPG, no house hold is using wood and cow dung for cooking purpose.

Government schemes coverage

Table7. Enrolment percentage of people in different state government schemes till August 2017 Name of the Total Coverage Among Telangana State Government Scheme Villagers Rythu Bandhu 20% Ration Card Or Food Security Card 98% Crop Insurance for Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bhima 80% Yojana Crop Loan Waiver Scheme 5% Kalyana Lakshmi 90% Aasara Pension Scheme 55% CM KCR Double Bedroom Housing scheme merger 95% with PM Awas Yojana Aasara Pension Scheme for Disabilities 100% SC ST car loan schemes 100% Unemployment Allowance Schemes 4 0%

Similarly, It has been found that that less than 30 % households having enrolment in central government schemes such PM Ujjwala, Awas, Swachh Bharat mission toilet, Soil health card, PM Jan dhan, Sukanyasamridhi Mudra, Jivanjyotibima, Jananisurakshayojana. Kisan credit card.the enrolment percentage has been listed out in the Table 8 given below. Adhaar card coverage is 98 %, Bank coverage is 75 %. Table8. enrolment percentage of people in different state government schemes till march 2017 Name of the Total % Coverage Among Villagers Central Government Scheme PM Ujjwala 7.67 Awas 1.61 Swachh Bharat mission toilet 1.28 Soil health card 1.02 PM Jan dhan 7.6 Mudra 14.19 Jivanjyotibima 13 Surakshabima 11.6 Jananisurakshayojana 10.5 Kisan credit card 15.19 Sukanyasamridhi 7.3

Fig (11): Government schemes coverage.

Drainage Usage

Fig (12): % of Drainage linked to households.

Main source of irrigation is a water pond located very near to the village which is formed naturally. Water drain channel is connected with East channel of the natural pond (as shown in the following first figure13).This main source of irrigation have some critical blockage issues that has been identified (as shown in the following second figure) and resolved immediately to make this village more hygienic, self sustainable and wealthy.

Fig (12 and 13): First photo is the east channel of village pond without proper concrete. The second photo represents cleaning of main canal used for irrigation.

Action Plan -1 After analyzing the identified problems at Gundla Pochampalli village, MRIET prepared below given action plan:  Promote higher education for school dropout children.

 Create Women Self Help Groups (SHGs) and capacity building.  Awareness campaign for immunization and health issue

 Sensitizing youth about health consequences of smoking and alcoholism  Counseling session for youth to leave smoking/alcoholism  Carry out cleanliness drives  Campaign for creating awareness about hygiene and sanitation with the help of nearest Govt. medical Sub centre.  Waste disposal practice should be promoted through social behavior change communication  Personal hygiene and basic sanitation awareness may be created among villagers with the help of UBA member and local NGOs  School children may be sensitized through special classes/quiz /competition etc.

Setup of Biogas Plant:

A large amount of biomass are available in this village therefore, group of experts of MRIET have decided to setup household biogas plant and training will be given to run, maintain and use the biogas system by utilization Ministry of New and renewable Energy (MNRE) scheme. MRIET will work with Dhatri Foundation who is already working in these villages. Biogas generated will be used for cooking purpose which will be sufficient for a family of 6-8 members. Biogas slurry also will be used for bio fertilizer and bio pesticide preparation. Further, their health will be improved as biogas is a clean gas and burns without producing smoke. At the time of PRA exercise some of villagers showed their interest for biogas plants setup also. MRIET can play a role in the same to (a) Organize training courses and to demonstrate enterprises and for staff department and implementation agencies.(b) Carry out research and development on new scopes of Biogas 32 technologies involving biogas enrichment and bottling techniques.(c) Provide technical support for National Biogas manure management program.(d) Develop multidisciplinary network program in the area of biogas technology.

Interested in Biogas Plant Installation Name Online Contact No. Aadhar Card Remarks ID Thanneeru Ravi Kumar 17947 9700018192 814103694450 Interested Katuri Hemasri 17898 7989370137 998596196444 Interested Kodagandla srikar 17902 9640851131 691675619745 Interested K Chandana 17909 8374650651 345920082966 Interested Koyyada Sindhuja 17911 9553944048 545562581968 Interested Kambam Swetha 17916 9951067773 961465235304 Interested Jithendar Sharma 17919 7396900158 549809128224 Interested

Kalyanam Indumathi 17946 8106622950 721197553376 Interested Gattu Sandeep 17955 9490139544 392983346254 Interested Bandari Preethi 17972 9393055442 542820198536 Interested Peravena Mahesh Yadav 17985 9666786422 556686549621 Interested Murugesan Muthu Kumar 17914 8712301496 769044249985 Interested Boya Susmitha 17962 9491070656 424949858830 Interested Bhutham Nagasaimani 17932 9985271522 613472685741 Interested Pushpa Devi 17942 9059810333 814103694450 Interested

Improved Cook stoves

• Traditional and cultural values • Affordability 33

Fig 14. Promotion of smoke free Biomass Cook stove.

Interested in Smoke free biomas Cook stove Installation

Bhutham Nagasaimani 17909 9985271522 613472685741 Interested

Vangala Shyam Prasad 17911 9885758103 303724593526 Interested Goud Garachetla Mithun Kumar 17916 9059810333 378528793996 Interested Reddy Choul Sachith 17919 9490452437 739571347879 Interested Gubbala Satyaprath 17946 9441705494 363374291083 Interested Thanneeru Ravi Kumar 17955 9700018192 814103694450 Interested Katuri Hemasri 17972 7989370137 998596196444 Interested Kodagandla srikar 17985 9640851131 691675619745 Interested K Chandana 17922 8374650651 345920082966 Interested Koyyada Sindhuja 17999 9553944048 545562581968 Interested Kambam Swetha 17958 9951067773 961465235304 Interested Jithendar Sharma 17977 7396900158 549809128224 Interested Kalyanam Indumathi 17932 8106622950 721197553376 Interested Gattu Sandeep 17919 9490139544 392983346254 Interested Bandari Preethi 17908 9393055442 542820198536 Interested

6. Mushroom cultivation

Mushroom cultivation among agricultural graduates, unemployed youth and farm folks as an important agro-based enterprise, which will help in self-employment and boost the cultivation Gundla Pochampalli village, thereby, improving the living standard of marginal farmers/landless workers particularly farm women as well as acting as a source of rural employment not only to the educated but also to the unemployed youth. At Gundla Pochampalli village, as women have very limited job opportunities, they can be engaged with one of the most growing business in rural areas i.e.,mushroom cultivation. Many women have shown their interest in mushroom cultivation. In local market price of frozen mushroom Rs.250-300/kg and fresh mushroom Rs. 300-350 (data is mentioned as per online market value on dated during Mar - 2017)

Objectives

air pollution, for the cultivation of mushrooms.  To generate employment, particularly for rural women and youth in order to raise their social status. It will also provide additional work for the farmers during winter months when the farming schedule is light.  To generate short return agricultural business and can be of immediate benefit to the community.

Fig 15. Mushroom Cultivation

Interested in Mushroom Cultivation

Name Online Contact No. Adhar Card Remarks ID Dodda naga sai sree 17947 9391690326 864734299959 Interested Ganesh Chakali Khajavali 17898 9059631013 966580308105 Interested Vangala shyam Prasad 17902 9618685146 303724593526 Interested Goud S Sreeja 17955 9705085519 723913664622 Interested M Goldy 17911 9290014052 920430756002 Interested Thanneeru Ravi Kumar 17933 9700018192 814103694450 Interested Katuri Hemasri 17941 7989370137 998596196444 Interested Kodagandla srikar - 9640851131 691675619745 Interested

Lemon grass cultivation:

Lemongrass cultivation is one of the best ways for the upliftment of poor people living in the Gundla Pochampalli village. The future scope of this cultivation is to generate more money by selling lemongrass oil. This can be a better livelihood option for the villagers to improve their entrepreneur skills. Vegetable and fruits cultivation in Gundla Pochampalli village suffers damage due to wild animals such as monkeys. Hence, lemon grass cultivation is better lossless option in this region.

Interested in Lemon Grass Cultivation

Name Online Contact No. Adhar Card Remarks ID Peravena Mahesh Yadav 17972 9666786422 556686549621 Interested Murugesan Muthu Kumar 17985 8712301496 769044249985 Interested Boya Susmitha 17928 9491070656 424949858830 Interested

Fig 16. Lemon Grass Cultivation

For planting of the same two practices are followed: direct seeding and transplanting methods. Average planting cost per hectare comes to Rs. 70381 - which ranged from

Plans for skill up gradation among women:

Women farmer awareness generation:

One more major focus of VDP is to increase the awareness of Self Help Group (SHG) women members make financially independent which can be achieved by making them more aware about the different central and state government schemes like Vridha pension, jandhanyojna, fasalbimayojna , Sichayiyojna , Soil helth card Kissan credit card etc,.

Activities to be undertaken in near future.

8. Water Management  There is a need for installation of drinking water and soil testing machine  Repair and restoration of drinking water bore well in the village needs to be done.

Fig 17. Water harvesting in Dhulapalli vllage

Fig 18. Water storage pond for agriculture

9. Organic farming: MRIET will promote organic farming instead of present inorganic based cultivating behavior. Above given household survey report and PRA evidences say that, almost all farmers use chemical fertilizer and insecticide to achieve more plant yield and to maintain the soil more nutrient. Organic farming has been considered as an agricultural production system that abides by natural cycles of production and excludes the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and feed additives. The organic cultivation system depends on locally available plant/animal resources, crop residues, animal manures, and organic waste. The biological control of pests and diseases management leads to qualitative and quantitative crop production. Use of indigenous varieties of seeds, bio-compost using agro-waste, dung, bio-pesticides, animal power etc refers to organic farming. The components of organic farming activities are conceived to enhance maximum production in a sustainable manner by interacting with ecological well-being.

A target oriented holistic approach for organic farming program will be promoted. We will interact, and implement organic farming activities with farmers and the public.

Fig 19. Organic Farming

Fig 20. Vegetables through Organic farming

The aims to revive the organic farming activities will be following:

1. To generate awareness among the farming community about ill-effects of use of chemicals in farming and the importance of organic farming.

2. To motivate the farming community to adopt organic farming techniques. 3. To introduce and extend the concept of Sustainable Agriculture/Organic Farming amongst farmers using various organic farming techniques. 4. To identify traditional knowledge in organic farming and incorporate with frontier science for large-scale application. 5. To identify local pests and parasites causing diseases in plants and to multiply and promote the use of disease and pest resistant varieties of indigenous seeds among the farmers. 6. To promote mixed farming and composite farming. 7. To organize intensive training in various techniques of organic farming. 8. To promote organic processing and preservation and storage of food commodities/products. 9. To develop, demonstrate and disseminate the organic farming technologies in the farmers’ field in the region. 10. To help in developing basic standards, guidelines and certification schemes for the benefit of growers, entrepreneurs and consumers. 11. To develop organic farming packages. 12. To document and publish literature on organic farming in various forms. 13. To use print and electronic media for popularization of organic farming techniques. 14. To establish contacts, networking and co-ordination with all the agencies engaged in promotion of organic farming, processing, packaging and marketing of organic food products.

NSS Co-Ordinator PRINCIPAL