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Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 1 S.R Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 1 S.R. Pattyn editor Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever Proceedings of an International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Infection and Other Haemorrhagic Fevers held in Antwerp, Belgium, 6-8 December, 1977 © 1978 Elsevier / North-Holland Biomedical Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form of by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN: 0-444-80060-3 Published by: Elsevier / North-Holland Biomedical Press 335 Jan van Galenstraat, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam, The Netherlands Sole distributors for the USA and Canada: Elsevier North-Holland Inc. 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Infection and other Haemorrhagic Fevers, Antwerp, 1977. Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever. Bibliography Includes index. 1. Ebola virus disease -- Congresses. 2. Ebola virus disease--Zaire--Congresses. 3. Ebola virus disease- Sudan--Southern Region--Congresses. 4. Hemorrhagic fever--Congresses. I. Pattyn, S. R. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Hemorrhagic fevers, Viral--Congresses. WC534 I6le 1977] RC140.5.154 1977 616.9'2 78-18212 ISBN 0-444-80060-3 PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 2 S.R. Pattyn editor INTRODUCTION The present volume contains the full proceedings (papers and discussions) of the International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Infection and other Haemorrhagic Fevers, organized in Antwerp, Belgium, 6-8 December 1977. This three-day meeting was co-sponsored by the World Health Organization and the Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine and received additional support from the Belgian Ministry of Public Health, the Ministry of Education, and the National Foundation of Scientific Research. The purpose of the colloquium was to present and discuss all the information available on Ebola Virus. Its Proceedings may well remain for some time a standard reference work on the subject, while illustrating at the same time the large gaps in our knowledge concerning the virus and the disease it causes. An effort was also made to include information on other haemorrhagic diseases, with due attention to their public health aspects. The help of Dr. P. Brès from the World Health Organization in elaborating the programme is much appreciated. My special thanks go to Mr. G. Roelants, Librarian of the Prince Leopold Institute, for his assistance in preparing the typescript. S.R. PATTYN Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 3 S.R. Pattyn editor ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Prof. Dr. S.R. Pattyn, editor of the book entitled: "Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever", as well as one of his "Ebola hunter" companions, Guido van der Groen, are indebted to Elsevier/North-Holland for their authorization to make the book available through internet. We highly appreciate the financial support of the European Commission (Project n° SOC 98 201054 05F04 (98CVVF4-025-0)). We are very grateful to Dr. Matthias Niedrig, coordinator of the European Network of Imported Viral Diseases (ENIVD) to have this book on the ENIVD website: http://www2.rki.de/INFEKT/ENIVD/ENIVD_P.HTM We also like to thank Dr. Michel Pletschette for his personal interest and support in this achievement. We acknowledge the superb scanning performance editing to a useful website document by Dr. Dirk De Bock, as well as the logistic help of Mr. Hugo De Groof, Jan Vielfont and Ciska Maeckelbergh. This website will be highly complementory to the website : http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/JID/journal/contents/v179nS1.html This site contains the proceedings which were published in the special issue of JID 1999;179:S1- S288. These proceedings cover the presentations made during the International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Research, 4-7 September 1996, Antwerp, Belgium. A meeting co-organized by National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA & Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Belgium. Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 4 S.R. Pattyn editor PREFACE When Marburg disease appeared for the first time in 1967, the scientific world was struck by the suddenness and brutality of the viral assault. The fear was great that such a new type of infectious disease could disseminate and quickly become a new and frightful world health problem. Very fortunately and maybe for non well explained reasons, the incident remained located and sporadic. When the events of South Sudan and North Zaire were again reported in the summer of 1976, the fear became even greater because the very spectacular and sensational description of the situation in Yambuku was difficult to explain and the risk for rapid spread was not to be overlooked. Many industrialized countries which have regular relations with the countries involved in the epidemic had to take some position about the possible importation of cases. Fortunately enough, the skill and energetic intervention of a certain number of experts were able, not only to confine the cases to the region where they occurred, but also to learn quite a lot about the causes of the epidemic development. I would like to pay a special tribute to the Centers of the U.S.A., the U.K., France, South Africa and Belgium, who worked very cleverly on the identification and behaviour of the new "Ebola" virus. As early as one year after the events, this International Colloquium was organized in Antwerp. The participation to this meeting of the most knowledgeable and skilled experts from the whole world has made it possible not only to clarify the various events and their succession and evolution in the field but also to make definite on the virus involved and provide scientists and public health authorities with a clear picture of the characteristics of the etiologic organism and its epidemic genius and also lift a side of the veil on the other mysterious and dangerous haemorrhagic diseases such as Lassa, Congo, Marburg or Ebola fevers. I recognize the high scientific value of the contribution of the various speakers and am especially thankful to Prof. Dr. S.R. Pattyn and the Management of the Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp for their scientific work and also for the very efficient organization of this Colloquium. The World Health Organization should also be mentioned for its continuous concern and support for these problems. The Department of Public Health of Belgium has been glad to be able to support initiative and wishes to express gratitude to all participants who made it possible to know more about these mysterious and dangerous new diseases. Prof. Dr. S. HALTER, Secretary General of the Ministry of Public Health and Family Affairs, Brussels. Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever 5 S.R. Pattyn editor Table Of Contents ...................................................................................................................................................2 Proceedings of an International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Infection and Other Haemorrhagic Fevers held in Antwerp, Belgium, 6-8 December, 1977....................................................................................2 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................................3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...........................................................................................................................4 PREFACE .......................................................................................................................................................5 Table Of Contents.....................................................................................................................................6 CONTENTS (commented)...........................................................................................................................8 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS...........................................................................................................13 SECTION I : EBOLA VIRUS INFECTION...............................................................................................15 1. Clinical Aspects.......................................................................................................................................16 CLINICAL ASPECTS OF EBOLA VIRUS INFECTION IN YAMBUKU AREA, ZAIRE, 1976..................................................................................................................................................................17 CLINICAL ASPECTS OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE AT THE NGALIEMA HOSPITAL, KINSHASA, ZAIRE, 1976..........................................................................................................................22 AFRICAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN THE SOUTHERN SUDAN, 1976: THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS ..............................................................................................................27 ISOLATION, MONITORING AND TREATMENT OF A CASE OF EBOLA VIRUS INFECTION ...................................................................................................................................................31 2. PATHOLOGY. VIRUS MORPHOLOGY. TAXONOMY.............................................................36 HUMAN PATHOLOGY OF EBOLA (MARIDI) VIRUS INFECTION IN THE SUDAN .....37 PATHOLOGY OF EBOLA VIRUS INFECTION ...........................................................................40 EBOLA AND MARBURG VIRUS MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY ..............................53
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