2014 Mastercard African Cities Growth Index Understanding Inclusive Urbanization
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Organized Crime and Instability in Central Africa
Organized Crime and Instability in Central Africa: A Threat Assessment Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: +(43) (1) 26060-0, Fax: +(43) (1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org OrgAnIzed CrIme And Instability In CenTrAl AFrica A Threat Assessment United Nations publication printed in Slovenia October 2011 – 750 October 2011 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Organized Crime and Instability in Central Africa A Threat Assessment Copyright © 2011, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Acknowledgements This study was undertaken by the UNODC Studies and Threat Analysis Section (STAS), Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs (DPA). Researchers Ted Leggett (lead researcher, STAS) Jenna Dawson (STAS) Alexander Yearsley (consultant) Graphic design, mapping support and desktop publishing Suzanne Kunnen (STAS) Kristina Kuttnig (STAS) Supervision Sandeep Chawla (Director, DPA) Thibault le Pichon (Chief, STAS) The preparation of this report would not have been possible without the data and information reported by governments to UNODC and other international organizations. UNODC is particularly thankful to govern- ment and law enforcement officials met in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda while undertaking research. Special thanks go to all the UNODC staff members - at headquarters and field offices - who reviewed various sections of this report. The research team also gratefully acknowledges the information, advice and comments provided by a range of officials and experts, including those from the United Nations Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, MONUSCO (including the UN Police and JMAC), IPIS, Small Arms Survey, Partnership Africa Canada, the Polé Institute, ITRI and many others. -
EPAU HDI Comparative Assessment Technical Note December 2011 Docx
Economic and Policy Analysis Unit UNDP Maputo December 2011 Mozambique’s Performance in the HDI . A comparative Assessment Author: Thomas Kring Technical Note Mozambique’s Performance in the HDI Published by The Economic and Policy Analysis Unit (EPAU) UNDP Mozambique Av. Kenneth Kaunda 931 Maputo, Mozambique Technical Notes from EPAU are intended to be informal notes on economic and technical issues relevant for the work of the UNDP in Mozambique. The views expressed are those of the author and may not be attributed to the UNDP. 1 Technical Note Mozambique’s Performance in the HDI Introduction Since 1990 the UNDP has published the Human Development Report (HDR) on an annual basis. One significant component of the HDR has traditionally been advanced statistics seeking to measure economic and human development in more comprehensive and informative ways. One of the best known measures in the HDR is the Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI provides a broad overview of human progress and the complex relationship between income and well-being. The HDI looks beyond the GDP to a broader definition of well-being by including health and knowledge. By doing so it corrects, to some extent, for the inherent weaknesses in traditional measurements of growth and wealth (see Annex 2 for more detail). The recently released Global HDR 2011 provides, as in previous years, a HDI value for a 187 countries in the world. Mozambique’s performance this year, as in previous years, continues to baffle observers. The country has made significant progress in the past ten years or more. It is among the five highest performers in the world measured in terms of average annual increase in the HDI since 2000 in relative terms, and among the top 25 in absolute terms (see Annex 1). -
Legal Instruments – Adopted in Malabo – July 2014
AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone: 517 700 Fax: 5130 36 website: www. www.au.int EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Twenty-Fifth Ordinary Session 20 - 24 June 2014 Malabo, EQUATORIAL GUINEA EX.CL/846(XXV) Original: English THE REPORT, THE DRAFT LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE AND LEGAL AFFAIRS EX.CL/846(XXV) Page 1 THE REPORT, THE DRAFT LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE AND LEGAL AFFAIRS 1. The First Meeting of the Specialised Technical Committee (STC) on Justice and Legal Affairs (former Conference of Ministers of Justice/Attorneys or Keepers of the Seal from Member States but now including Ministers responsible for issues such as human rights, constitutionalism and rule of law) was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 6 to 14 May 2014 (Experts) and 15-16 May 2014 (Ministers). 2. The First Ministerial Session of the STC was attended by thirty eight (38) Member States, two (2) AU Organs and one (1) Regional Economic Community (REC). 3. The purpose of the meeting was to finalize seven (7) Draft Legal Instruments prior to their submission to and adoption by the Policy Organs. 4. Consequently, the STC considered the following Draft Legal Instruments: a) Draft African Union Convention on Cross-border Cooperation (Niamey Convention); b) Draft African Charter on the Values and Principles of Decentralization, Local Governance and Local Development; c) Draft Protocol and Statute on the Establishment of the African Monetary Fund; d) Draft African Union Convention on Cyber-Security and Protection of Personal Data; e) Draft Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights; f) Draft Protocol to the Constitutive Act of the African Union on the Pan- African Parliament; and g) Draft Rules of Procedure of the Specialized Technical Committee (STC) on Justice and Legal Affairs. -
Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Education. a Successful Pairing
sustainability Article Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Education. A Successful Pairing Mª Ángeles Caraballo 1,* and Eva Mª Buitrago 2 1 Dpto. Economía e Historia Económica and IUSEN, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain 2 Dpto. Economía Aplicada III and IAIIT, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-954-557-535 Received: 22 October 2019; Accepted: 19 November 2019; Published: 23 November 2019 Abstract: The many growing migratory flows render our societies increasingly heterogeneous. From the point of view of social welfare, achieving all the positive effects of diversity appears as a challenge for our societies. Nevertheless, while it is true that ethnolinguistic diversity involves costs and benefits, at a country level it seems that the former are greater than the latter, even more so when income inequality between ethnic groups is taken into account. In this respect, there is a vast literature at a macro level that shows that ethnolinguistic fragmentation induces lower income, which leads to the conclusion that part of the difference in income observed between countries can be attributed to their different levels of fragmentation. This paper presents primary evidence of the role of education in mitigating the adverse effects of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on the level of income. While the results show a negative association between fragmentation and income for all indices of diversity, the attainment of a certain level of education, especially secondary and tertiary, manages to reverse the sign of the marginal effect of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on income level. Since current societies are increasingly diverse, these results could have major economic policy implications. -
The Human Development Index (HDI) Has Been Criticized for Not Incorporating Distributional Issues
Using Census Data to Explore the Spatial Distribution of Human Development Iñaki Permanyer1 Abstract: The human development index (HDI) has been criticized for not incorporating distributional issues. We propose using census data to construct a municipal-based HDI that allows exploring the distribution of human development with unprecedented geographical coverage and detail. Moreover, we present a new methodology that allows decomposing overall human development inequality according to the contribution of its subcomponents. We illustrate our methodology for Mexico‘s last three census rounds. Municipal-based human development has increased over time and inequality between municipalities has decreased. The wealth component has increasingly accounted for most of the existing inequality in human development during the last twenty years. Keywords: Human Development Index, Measurement, Spatial Distribution, Inequality, Census, Mexico. 1 Contact person: [email protected], +345813060, Centre d‘Estudis Demogràfics, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain. 1 1. INTRODUCTION Since it was first introduced in the 1990 Human Development Report, the Human Development Index (HDI) has attracted a great deal of interest in policy-making and academic circles alike. As stated in Klugman et al (2011): ―Its popularity can be attributed to the simplicity of its characterization of development – an average of achievements in health, education and income – and to its underlying message that development is much more than economic growth‖. Despite its acknowledged shortcomings (see Kelley 1991, McGillivray 1991, Srinivasan 1994), the HDI has been very helpful to widen the perspective with which academics and policy-makers alike approached the problem of measuring countries development levels (see Herrero et al 2010). -
Technical Notes
Technical notes Calculating the human development indices—graphical presentation Human Development DIMENSIONS Long and healthy life Knowledge A decent standard of living Index (HDI) INDICATORS Life expectancy at birth Expected years Mean years GNI per capita (PPP $) of schooling of schooling DIMENSION Life expectancy index Education index GNI index INDEX Human Development Index (HDI) Inequality-adjusted DIMENSIONS Long and healthy life Knowledge A decent standard of living Human Development Index (IHDI) INDICATORS Life expectancy at birth Expected years Mean years GNI per capita (PPP $) of schooling of schooling DIMENSION Life expectancy Years of schooling Income/consumption INDEX INEQUALITY- Inequality-adjusted Inequality-adjusted Inequality-adjusted ADJUSTED life expectancy index education index income index INDEX Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) Gender Development Female Male Index (GDI) DIMENSIONS Long and Standard Long and Standard healthy life Knowledge of living healthy life Knowledge of living INDICATORS Life expectancy Expected Mean GNI per capita Life expectancy Expected Mean GNI per capita years of years of (PPP $) years of years of (PPP $) schooling schooling schooling schooling DIMENSION INDEX Life expectancy index Education index GNI index Life expectancy index Education index GNI index Human Development Index (female) Human Development Index (male) Gender Development Index (GDI) Gender Inequality DIMENSIONS Health Empowerment Labour market Index (GII) INDICATORS Maternal Adolescent Female and male Female -
The US Education Innovation Index Prototype and Report
SEPTEMBER 2016 The US Education Innovation Index Prototype and Report Jason Weeby, Kelly Robson, and George Mu IDEAS | PEOPLE | RESULTS Table of Contents Introduction 4 Part One: A Measurement Tool for a Dynamic New Sector 6 Looking for Alternatives to a Beleaguered System 7 What Education Can Learn from Other Sectors 13 What Is an Index and Why Use One? 16 US Education Innovation Index Framework 18 The Future of US Education Innovation Index 30 Part Two: Results and Analysis 31 Putting the Index Prototype to the Test 32 How to Interpret USEII Results 34 Indianapolis: The Midwest Deviant 37 New Orleans: Education’s Grand Experiment 46 San Francisco: A Traditional District in an Innovation Hot Spot 55 Kansas City: Murmurs in the Heart of America 63 City Comparisons 71 Table of Contents (Continued) Appendices 75 Appendix A: Methodology 76 Appendix B: Indicator Rationales 84 Appendix C: Data Sources 87 Appendix D: Indicator Wish List 90 Acknowledgments 91 About the Authors 92 About Bellwether Education Partners 92 Endnotes 93 Introduction nnovation is critical to the advancement of any sector. It increases the productivity of firms and provides stakeholders with new choices. Innovation-driven economies I push the boundaries of the technological frontier and successfully exploit opportunities in new markets. This makes innovation a critical element to the competitiveness of advanced economies.1 Innovation is essential in the education sector too. To reverse the trend of widening achievement gaps, we’ll need new and improved education opportunities—alternatives to the centuries-old model for delivering education that underperforms for millions of high- need students. -
The Case of African Cities
Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Currie, Paul, et al. "Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities." Journal of Environmental Protection 6, 9 (September 2015): 1066-1083 © 2015 Author(s) As Published 10.4236/JEP.2015.69094 Publisher Scientific Research Publishing, Inc, Version Final published version Citable link https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124946 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license Detailed Terms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Environmental Protection, 2015, 6, 1066-1083 Published Online September 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jep http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2015.69094 Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities Paul Currie1*, Ethan Lay-Sleeper2, John E. Fernández2, Jenny Kim2, Josephine Kaviti Musango3 1School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa 2Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA 3School of Public Leadership, and the Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies (CRSES), Stellenbosch, South Africa Email: *[email protected] Received 29 July 2015; accepted 20 September 2015; published 23 September 2015 Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Data sourcing challenges in African nations have led many African urban infrastructure develop- ments to be implemented with minimal scientific backing to support their success. -
Global Urban Indicators Database Version 2
GLOBAL URBAN INDICATORS DATABASE Version 2 Global Urban Observatory United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN - Habitat) NOTE The designation and presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat concerning the legal status of any country, city, or territory concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION HS/637/01E ISBN 92-1-131627- 8 Any questions or comments concerning this product should be addressed to: Coordinator Global Urban Observatory United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN - Habitat) P. O. Box 30030 - Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254 02) 623050 - Fax: (254 02) 623080 Email: [email protected] http://www.unhsp.org/guo TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Acronyms ......................................................................................... iv 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................1 Overview .......................................................................................................1 Databases .....................................................................................................1 Data collection ..............................................................................................2 2. THE CITY DEVELOPMENT INDEX ......................................................3 3. REGIONAL DATA ANALYSIS ...............................................................4 Tenure ............................................................................................................4 -
Completing the Fertility Transition: Third Birth Developments by Language Groups in Turkey
Demographic Research a free, expedited, online journal of peer-reviewed research and commentary in the population sciences published by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Konrad-Zuse Str. 1, D-18057 Rostock · GERMANY www.demographic-research.org DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VOLUME 15, ARTICLE 15, PAGES 435-460 PUBLISHED 24 NOVEMBER 2006 http://www.demographic-research.org/Volumes/Vol15/15/ DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2006.15.15 Research Article Completing the fertility transition: Third birth developments by language groups in Turkey Sutay Yavuz © 2006 Yavuz This open-access work is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 2.0 Germany, which permits use, reproduction & distribution in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author(s) and source are given credit. See http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/de/ Table of Contents 1 Introduction 436 2 Background: General fertility trends in Turkey 437 3 Data, methodology, and variables 439 4 Third birth developments in Turkey 446 5 Conclusions 452 6 Acknowledgements 454 References 455 Appendix Tables 458 Demographic Research: Volume 15, Article 15 research article Completing the fertility transition: Third birth developments by language groups in Turkey Sutay Yavuz 1 Abstract The purpose of the present study is to examine third birth dynamics by mother tongue group in Turkey, a country that has reached the advanced stage of its fertility transition. Third-birth intensities of Turkish speaking mothers are lower than Kurdish speaking mothers and the decline in fertility started much later for the latter group. Kurdish speaking women who cannot read and who live in more customary marriages have the highest third birth risk. -
National Strategic Plan for Pre-University Education Reform in Egypt
National Strategic Plan For Pre-University Education Reform In Egypt 2007/08 – 2011/12 Excerpts from The Speech of H.E. President Mohammad Hosni Mubarak on the Occasion of Promulgating Teachers Cadre’s Law 21 June 2007 "Continued reform of our educational system is indeed a major and timely prerequisite for Egypt’s development. All our policies and endeavors have to envision the Egyptian citizen, being the engine and ultimate goal of our national development." "Quality improvement is the most pressing challenge to our national action in its entirety. It even goes beyond the quality of education to cover all the other aspects of performance." "We will take further steps to expand access to basic education and upgrade its quality. These include, but are not limited to, the development of technical education and vocational training centers, promotion of Public- Private Partnerships, and involvement of the civil society in the educational sector. We will also enlarge the scope of decentralization in managing the educational process at governorate-level and beyond; and we believe that we are taking the right way towards goal attainment." Preface by His Excellency Prof. Dr. Yousry El Gamal Minister of Education One crucial reality in Egypt is the firm belief of the political leadership that education is a democratic human right for all the Egyptian citizenry; and that it is the gateway to progress, engine of development, and instrument for the state to improve the quality of life for the entire society. This reality manifests itself in a set of important historical documents which constitute the foundation of any genuine national action to reform education in Egypt. -
Report of the First Meeting of the Preparatory Committee
FIRST SENIOR OFFICIAL'S MEETING OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE FOR THE FOURTH AFRICA-ARAB SUMMIT (MALABO- NOVEMBER 2016) CAIRO, EGYPT 28 FEBRUARY 2016 REPORT Introduction 1. In line with the different recommendations of the Coordination Committee to start the preparations of the 4th Africa-Arab Summit (Malabo - Equatorial Guinea), and the recommendations of the Concept Note, the League of Arab States and the African Union Commission called for convening the First Senior Official's meeting of the Preparatory Committee for the fourth Africa- Arab summit (Malabo - November 2016) at the Headquarters of the League of Arab States in Cairo, Egypt, on 28 February 2016. 2. The meeting was co-chaired by H.E. Amb. Mr. Rashed Al Hajiri, Ambassador of the State of Kuwait in Addis Ababa, representing the Arab side and H.E. Amb. Awad Ahmed Sakine, Ambassador of the Republic of Chad and Chairperson of the Permanent Representative Committee of the African Union, representing the African side. 3. The meeting was attended by Senior Officials from Arab Republic of Egypt, Kingdom of Morocco, Islamic Republic of Mauritania, State of Kuwait, Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia,, Republic of Zimbabwe and Republic of Chad. Egypt was on both the African and the Arab sides in its capacities as both the Chair of the Sub-committee on Multilateral Cooperation (on the African side) and Chair of the Arab Summit (on the Arab side). The meeting was also attended by the Director of the Africa Arab Cultural Institute and the representative of the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA).