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Or Later, but Before 1650] 687X868mm. Copper Engraving On
60 Willem Janszoon BLAEU (1571-1638). Pascaarte van alle de Zécuften van EUROPA. Nieulycx befchreven door Willem Ianfs. Blaw. Men vintfe te coop tot Amsterdam, Op't Water inde vergulde Sonnewÿser. [Amsterdam, 1621 or later, but before 1650] 687x868mm. Copper engraving on parchment, coloured by a contemporary hand. Cropped, as usual, on the neat line, to the right cut about 5mm into the printed area. The imprint is on places somewhat weaker and /or ink has been faded out. One small hole (1,7x1,4cm.) in lower part, inland of Russia. As often, the parchment is wavy, with light water staining, usual staining and surface dust. First state of two. The title and imprint appear in a cartouche, crowned by the printer's mark of Willem Jansz Blaeu [INDEFESSVS AGENDO], at the center of the lower border. Scale cartouches appear in four corners of the chart, and richly decorated coats of arms have been engraved in the interior. The chart is oriented to the west. It shows the seacoasts of Europe from Novaya Zemlya and the Gulf of Sydra in the east, and the Azores and the west coast of Greenland in the west. In the north the chart extends to the northern coast of Spitsbergen, and in the south to the Canary Islands. The eastern part of the Mediterranean id included in the North African interior. The chart is printed on parchment and coloured by a contemporary hand. The colours red and green and blue still present, other colours faded. An intriguing line in green colour, 34 cm long and about 3mm bold is running offshore the Norwegian coast all the way south of Greenland, and closely following Tara Polar Arctic Circle ! Blaeu's chart greatly influenced other Amsterdam publisher's. -
The History of Cartography, Volume 3
THE HISTORY OF CARTOGRAPHY VOLUME THREE Volume Three Editorial Advisors Denis E. Cosgrove Richard Helgerson Catherine Delano-Smith Christian Jacob Felipe Fernández-Armesto Richard L. Kagan Paula Findlen Martin Kemp Patrick Gautier Dalché Chandra Mukerji Anthony Grafton Günter Schilder Stephen Greenblatt Sarah Tyacke Glyndwr Williams The History of Cartography J. B. Harley and David Woodward, Founding Editors 1 Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient, and Medieval Europe and the Mediterranean 2.1 Cartography in the Traditional Islamic and South Asian Societies 2.2 Cartography in the Traditional East and Southeast Asian Societies 2.3 Cartography in the Traditional African, American, Arctic, Australian, and Pacific Societies 3 Cartography in the European Renaissance 4 Cartography in the European Enlightenment 5 Cartography in the Nineteenth Century 6 Cartography in the Twentieth Century THE HISTORY OF CARTOGRAPHY VOLUME THREE Cartography in the European Renaissance PART 1 Edited by DAVID WOODWARD THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS • CHICAGO & LONDON David Woodward was the Arthur H. Robinson Professor Emeritus of Geography at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London © 2007 by the University of Chicago All rights reserved. Published 2007 Printed in the United States of America 1615141312111009080712345 Set ISBN-10: 0-226-90732-5 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-90732-1 (cloth) Part 1 ISBN-10: 0-226-90733-3 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-90733-8 (cloth) Part 2 ISBN-10: 0-226-90734-1 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-90734-5 (cloth) Editorial work on The History of Cartography is supported in part by grants from the Division of Preservation and Access of the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Geography and Regional Science Program and Science and Society Program of the National Science Foundation, independent federal agencies. -
On the History of Naming the North Sea
On the History of Naming the North Sea Bela Pokoly (Commission on Geographical Names, Ministry of AgricuUUfe and Regional Development, Department of Lands and Mapping, Hungary) The North Sea - where it is - how it grew in importance The sea is situated in the northern part of Western Europe roughly between the eastern coast of Britain, the 61st parallel in the North, the southern coasts of Norway, a small part of the SE coast of Sweden, the western shores of Denmark, the north- western coasts of Gennany. as well as those of [he Netherlands and Belgium, with a tiny French coastal part (around Dunquerque). Its area is about 225 thousand sq. miles, a little more than the land area of France. Being a shallow sea (overwhelmingly covering the continental shelves except in the Norwegian Trench where at one point it is almost 400 fathoms deep) it also holds a relatively small amount of water. Fig. L {slide} The North Sea belongs to the better-known seas not only in Europe, but throughout the world. Its familiarity has especially grown at great scales smce the 1970's as output of petroleum and natural gas from its continental shelf achieved global importance. As the Hungarian scholar of geography M. Haltenberger wrote in his book Marine Geography (1965) the rough waters of the sea had been avoided by both the Romans and traders of the Hanseatic League. The importance of the sea started to grow only after the great discoveries as the Atlantic Ocean became the "Mediterranean Sea of the new times". - 4 - % , '." Earliest occurrences of the name of the sea Prehistoric people moved little from the area they inhabited, therefore, if it was a seacoast, they called the sea without any specific name, just "the sea", [n later times, when people realized that their sea was not the only one, did they begin to give specific names to seas, The ancient Greek scholar Strabon, who lived between 60 B,C. -
Redeeming the Truth
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Redeeming the Truth: Robert Morden and the Marketing of Authority in Early World Atlases A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Laura Suzanne York 2013 © Copyright by Laura Suzanne York 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Redeeming the Truth: Robert Morden and the Marketing of Authority in Early World Atlases by Laura Suzanne York Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Muriel C. McClendon, Chair By its very nature as a “book of the world”—a product simultaneously artistic and intellectual—the world atlas of the seventeenth century promoted a totalizing global view designed to inform, educate, and delight readers by describing the entire world through science and imagination, mathematics and wonder. Yet early modern atlas makers faced two important challenges to commercial success. First, there were many similar products available from competitors at home and abroad. Secondly, they faced consumer skepticism about the authority of any work claiming to describe the entire world, in the period before standards of publishing credibility were established, and before the transition from trust in premodern geographic authorities to trust in modern authorities was complete. ii This study argues that commercial world atlas compilers of London and Paris strove to meet these challenges through marketing strategies of authorial self-presentation designed to promote their authority to create a trustworthy world atlas. It identifies and examines several key personas that, deployed through atlas texts and portraits, together formed a self-presentation asserting the atlas producer’s cultural authority. -
Wittenberger Einflüsse Auf Die Reformation in Skandinavien Von Simo Heininen, Otfried Czaika
Wittenberger Einflüsse auf die Reformation in Skandinavien von Simo Heininen, Otfried Czaika Wittenberg war der wichtigste Impulsgeber für die Reformation in den beiden skandinavischen Reichen, dem dänischen und dem schwedischen Reich. In beiden Reichen war die Reformation stark vom Einfluss der Obrigkeiten geprägt, al- lerdings verlief sie in den beiden frühneuzeitlichen Staaten sehr unterschiedlich. Am raschesten wurde das Reformati- onswerk politisch wie kirchenrechtlich im dänischen Kernland gesichert; Schweden dagegen war zwar de facto bereits vor 1550 ein lutherisches Land, de jure jedoch erst im letzten Jahrzehnt des 16. Jahrhunderts. Besonders in den eher peripheren Teilen Skandinaviens, insbesondere Norwegen und Island, ging die Reformation Hand in Hand mit einer poli- tischen Gleichschaltung von Skandinavien und wurde deshalb entsprechend zaghaft von der Bevölkerung angenommen. INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1. Politische Hintergründe 2. Dänemark 3. Norwegen und Island 4. Schweden 5. Finnland 6. Zusammenfassung 7. Anhang 1. Quellen 2. Literatur 3. Anmerkungen Indices Zitierempfehlung Politische Hintergründe Seit dem Jahre 1397 waren die Königreiche Dänemark, Norwegen und Schweden in Personalunion (der sogenannten Kalmarer Union) unter dänischer Führung vereint (ᇄ Medien Link #ab). Anfang des 16. Jahrhunderts war die Union dem Ende nahe – es gab zunehmende Spannungen zwischen Dänemark und Schweden, das von Reichsverwesern aus dem Hause Sture regiert wurde. Im November 1520 wurde Christian II. von Dänemark (1481–1559) (ᇄ Medien Link #ac), der letzte Unionskönig, ein zweites Mal in Stockholm gekrönt. Nach den Krönungsfeierlichkeiten inszenierte man mit der Hilfe des Erzbischofs von Uppsala einen Ketzerprozess gegen die Anhänger der Sture-Partei. Infolgedessen wurden zwei Bischöfe, mehrere Unionsgegner aus dem Adel sowie zahlreiche Stockholmer Bürger hingerichtet. Der junge Edel- mann Gustav Vasa (1496–1560) (ᇄ Medien Link #ad) erhob die Fahne des Aufruhrs. -
Sources of the First Printed Scandinavian Runes
Runrön Runologiska bidrag utgivna av Institutionen för nordiska språk vid Uppsala universitet 24 Fischnaller, Andreas, 2021: Sources of the First Printed Scandinavian Runes. In: Reading Runes. Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, Nyköping, Sweden, 2–6 September 2014. Ed. by MacLeod, Mindy, Marco Bianchi and Henrik Williams. Uppsala. (Runrön 24.) Pp. 81–93. DOI: 10.33063/diva-438869 © 2021 Andreas Fischnaller (CC BY) ANDREAS FISCHNALLER Sources of the First Printed Scandinavian Runes Abstract The aim of this paper is to shed some light on the sources that were used for the first printed Scandinavian runes. These runes appear in works published in Italy between 1539 and 1555 either by or in connection with Johannes and Olaus Magnus. The books and the information about runes and runic inscriptions they contain are presented first. A closer look is then taken at the shapes of the runes used and at the roman letters they represent according to the books. It will be shown that these runes and their sound values can in part be traced back to a mediaeval runic tradition, while others were created to provide at least one rune for every roman letter. The forms of the newly “invented” runes can be explained to some extent by the influence of the shape of the roman letters they represent, whereas others were taken from a source that contained runes but did not provide any information about their sound values, namely the runic calendars. Keywords: Olaus Magnus, Theseus Ambrosius, Bent Bille, Renaissance, printed runes, q-rune, x-rune, belgþór-rune Introduction Work with post-reformation runic inscriptions has long been a neglected area of runology.1 A glance through the most common introductions to the study of runes reveals our lack of certainty as regards when runes stopped being used and how knowledge of runes was preserved (cf. -
Ocean Eddies in the 1539 Carta Marina by Olaus Magnus
Ocean Eddies in the 1539 Carta Marina by Olaus Magnus H. Thomas Rossby 5912 LeMay Road, Rockville, MD 20851-2326, USA. Road, 5912 LeMay The Oceanography machine, reposting, or other means without prior authorization of portion photocopy of this articleof any by Copyrigh Society. The Oceanography journal 16, Number 4, a quarterly of Volume This article in Oceanography, has been published University of Rhode Island • Narragansett, Rhode Island USA Peter Miller Plymouth Marine Laboratory • Plymouth UK In 1539 Olaus Magnus, an exiled Swedish priest of maps to aid navigators grew enormously. From the living in Italy, published a remarkably detailed map of Atlantic in the west to the Black and Red Seas in the east, the Nordic countries, from Iceland in the west to these maps of the Mediterranean depict the shape and Finland in the east. The map, called ‘Carta Marina’, proportions of the Mediterranean Sea quite well. Any introduced a scope of information about these coun- one familiar with reading maps will recognize Gibraltar, tries that broke completely new ground in terms of Italy, the Balkans, Egypt and Palestine. Many include the comprehensiveness and general accuracy. The geo- British Isles and Germany, but not Scandinavia. In the graphical outline of the Nordic countries is quite accu- early editions of the Ptolemy atlas Scandinavia does not rate and the map includes all the major island groups appear. But in 1482 Nicolaus Germanus (the Ulm atlas) such as the Faroes, Orkneys and Shetland Islands. In drew a map in which Denmark, southern Sweden and addition to the geography and numerous ethnograph- Norway clearly appear with names of numerous regions ic sketches, the map also provides, as it name indicates, and towns. -
N: a Sea Monster of a Research Project
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects Honors Program 5-2019 N: A Sea Monster of a Research Project Adrian Jay Thomson Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/honors Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Thomson, Adrian Jay, "N: A Sea Monster of a Research Project" (2019). Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects. 424. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/honors/424 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. N: A SEA MONSTER OF A RESEARCH PROJECT by Adrian Jay Thomson Capstone submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with UNIVERSITY HONORS with a major in English- Creative Writing in the Department of English Approved: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, UT SPRING2019 Abstract Ever since time and the world began, dwarves have always fought cranes. Ever since ships set out on the northern sea, great sea monsters have risen to prey upon them. Such are the basics of life in medieval and Renaissance Scandinavia , Iceland, Scotland and Greenland, as detailed by Olaus Magnus' Description of the Northern Peoples (1555) , its sea monster -heavy map , the Carta Marina (1539), and Abraham Ortelius' later map of Iceland, Islandia (1590). I first learned of Olaus and Ortelius in the summer of 2013 , and while drawing my own version of their sea monster maps a thought hit me: write a book series , with teenage characters similar to those in How to Train Your Dragon , but set it amongst the lands described by Olaus , in a frozen world badgered by the sea monsters of Ortelius. -
American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880
CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED SIXTY-FIVE American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880 WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue, presented chronologically, includes 150 items spanning 150 years of American history, from 1730 to 1880. Comprised of books, pamphlets, manu- scripts, prints, maps, and photographs, one item has been selected for each year, helping to tell the multifaceted story of the development of the area that became the United States. Beginning with Herman Moll’s famous “Beaver Map” of the British colonies in America and concluding with an appeal to aid destitute African- American women and children in the post-Reconstruction era, the broad sweep of the American experience over a century and a half is represented. Included are works on politics, colonial development, law, military and diplomatic affairs, travel and exploration, sermons, westward expansion, contemporary historical accounts, scientific studies, improvements in technology and agriculture, images of urban and country life, and items relating to African-Americans (enslaved and free) and Native American tribes. In all, a panoramic view of 150 years of American history. Available on request or via our website are our bulletins as well as recent catalogues 361 Western Americana, 362 Recent Acquisitions in Americana, and 363 Still Cold: Travels & Explorations in the Frozen Regions of the Earth. E-lists, only available on our website, cover a broad range of topics including theatre, education, mail, the Transcontinental Railroad, satire, and abolition. A portion of our stock may be viewed on our website as well. Terms Material herein is offered subject to prior sale. -
Westmoreland in the Late Seventeenth Century by Colin Phillips
WESTMORLAND ABOUT 1670 BY COLIN PHILLIPS Topography and climate This volume prints four documents relating to the hearth tax in Westmorland1. It is important to set these documents in their geographical context. Westmorland, until 1974 was one of England’s ancient counties when it became part of Cumbria. The boundaries are shown on map 1.2 Celia Fiennes’s view in 1698 of ‘…Rich land in the bottoms, as one may call them considering the vast hills above them on all sides…’ was more positive than that of Daniel Defoe who, in 1724, considered Westmorland ‘A country eminent only for being the wildest, most barren and frightful of any that I have passed over in England, or even Wales it self. ’ It was a county of stark topographical contrasts, fringed by long and deep waters of the Lake District, bisected by mountains with high and wild fells. Communications were difficult: Helvellyn, Harter Fell, Shap Fell and the Langdale Fells prevented easy cross-county movement, although there were in the seventeenth century three routes identified with Kirkstone, Shap, and Grayrigg.3 Yet there were more fertile lowland areas and 1 TNA, Exchequer, lay subsidy rolls, E179/195/73, compiled for the Michaelmas 1670 collection, and including Kendal borough. The document was printed as extracts in W. Farrer, Records relating to the barony of Kendale, ed. J. F. Curwen (CWAAS, Record Series, 4 & 5 1923, 1924; reprinted 1998, 1999); and, without the exempt, in The later records relating to north Westmorland, ed. J. F. Curwen (CWAAS, Record Series, 8, 1932); WD/Ry, box 28, Ms R, pp.1-112, for Westmorland, dated 1674/5, and excluding Kendal borough and Kirkland (heavily edited in J. -
Image Credits__
BECOMING AMERICAN: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 PRIMARY SOURCE COLLECTION Becoming American: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 __Image Credits__ AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. Worcester, Massachusetts. WEBSITE Images in AAS collections retrieved in digital collection, Early American Imprints, Series I: Evans, 1639-1800, American Antiquarian Society in collaboration with Readex, a division of NewsBank. Items in chronological order. Reproduced by permission. Francis Makemie, A Narrative of a New and Unusual American Imprisonment of Two Presbyterian Ministers . , 1707, title page. #1300. Cotton Mather, Theopolis Americana, 1710, title page. #1469. Cotton Mather, A Man of Reason, 1718, title page, details. #1976. Benjamin Colman, Some Observations on the New Method of Receiving the Small Pox by Ingrafting or Inoculating, 1721, title page. #2211. William Cooper, A Letter to a Friend in the Country, Attempting a Solution of the Scruples . against the New Way of Receiving the Small Pox, 1721, title page. #2247. Jeremiah Dummer, A Defence of the New-England Charters, 1721, title page. #2216. Cotton Mather, Some Account of What Is Said of Innoculating or Transplanting the Small Pox, 1721, title page. #2206. John Williams, An Answer to a Late Pamphlet Intitled A Letter to a Friend in the Country . , 1722, title page. #2407. Benjamin Colman, God Deals with Us as Rational Creatures, 1723, title page, detail. #2421. James Allin, Thunder and Earthquake, A Loud and Awful Call to Reformation, 1727, title page, detail. #2833. Cotton Mather, The Terror of the Lord. Some Account of the Earthquake That Shook New- England . , 1727, title page, detail. #2919. Thomas Prince, Earthquakes the Works of God, and Tokens of His Just Displeasure, 1727 (1755 reprint), title page, detail. -
Thomas Jefferys #533 1
Thomas Jefferys #533 North America from the French of Mr. D'Anville Improved with the Back Settlements of Virginia and Course of Ohio Illustrated with Geographical and Historical Remarks London: Thomas Jefferys, 1755, 20.5 x 28.5 inches An example of the first state of Thomas Jefferys’ map of the British colonies, illustrating the future eastern United States on the eve of the Seven Years War (French & Indian War). The first state of Jefferys’ map is the only state annotated to include a list of French encroachments into the territory claimed by England (top left corner) and a description of the English claims, primarily in the Ohio Valley of the future United States. The list includes grievances against the French dating back to 1687, including: • Schemes to conquer New York (1687) and Boston (1697) • Claims that the English discovered the mouth of the Mississippi in 1654 (Colonel Wood) and 1670 (Captain Bott) and that Dr. Cox explored up the Mississippi River when he established the Carolana claim in 1698, one year prior to the French • Violations of the Treaty of Utrecht in Nova Scotia (1719), the taking of Ft. Denonville (1726), construction of Ft. Frederick at Crown Point (1731) and Fort Shegnikto (1750) and other forts constructed in violation of the treaty. • Seizure of Forts on the Ohio River in 1754, driving English settlers out of the Back Country and establishment of a Fort on the Alabama River in the Creek Country • Jefferys notes the vast numerical superiority of the English colonists • Jefferys concludes with a note that “The French are intruders into Canada, part of Cabots discoveries and have no right but by treaties, as appears from their 1 Thomas Jefferys #533 claiming under Verrozani’s discovery in 1524, through twenty seven years after Cabots”.