ALMBMMBDOVA SBBİNB ŞİFAHİ NİTQİN İNKİŞAFI ÜÇÜN İNGİLİS DİLİNDB MBTNLBR VB TAPŞIRIQLAR TOPLUSU Azərbaycan
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АЛМЯММЯДОВА СЯБИНЯ ШИФАЩИ НИТГИН ИНКИШАФЫ ЦЧЦН ИНЭИЛИС ДИЛИНДЯ МЯТНЛЯР ВЯ ТАПШЫРЫГЛАР ТОПЛУСУ Azərbaycan Respublikası Təhsil Nazirinin 22.02.2012-ci il tarixli 259 saylı əmri ilə (protokol N 01) dərs vəsaiti kimi təsdiq olunmuşdur. BAKI – 2012 Məsləhətçi: Rauf İsmayılov Əməkdar elm xadimi, filologiya elmləri doktoru, professor Elmi redaktoru: İlham Tahirov filologiya elmləri doktoru Rəyçilər: Məsud Mahmudov filologiya elmləri doktoru, professor Məhəbbət Əsədova filologiya elmləri namizədi Yusif Süleymanov filologiya elmləri namizədi Səbinə Məmməd qızı Alməmmədova. filologiya elmləri namizədi, dosent «Şifahi nitqin inkişafı üçün ingilis dilində mətnlər və tapşırıqlar toplusu». Bakı, «Elm» 2012. 227 s. Dərs vəsaitinin əsas məqsədi texniki və ictimai siyasi mövzulara aid ən çox işlək söz və ifadələri verməkdir. Kitab 29 belə mövzudan-dərsdən və 3 əlavədən ibarətdir. Hər bir dərs mətn, dialoq, qrammatik çalışma, əlavə oxu, şeir, əlavədə isə şifahi nitqi inkişaf etdirmək üçün danışıq mətni və lüğət, ingilis yazıçılarının əsərlərindən parçalar, həmçinin zarafat və məzəli əhvalatlar əhatə edən 4 əsas hissəni təşkil edir. Hər bir mətn və dialoq üçün geniş lüğət verilmişdir. Ardınca məlumat xarakteri daşıyan əlavə söz və ifadələr, nəhayət mövzuya aid suallar verilmişdir. «Şifahi nitqin inkişafı üçün ingilis dilində mətnlər və tapşırıqlar toplusu» adlı dərs vəsaiti texniki ali məktəb tələbələri üçün, həmçinin ingilis dilini öyrənmək arzusunda olan hər bir kəs öz dil bacarığını möhkəmləndirmək üçün ondan bir vəsait kimi faydalana bilər. 2 CONTENTS Lesson I Text: My Native Land……..………………………………… 6 Dialogue……………………..………………………………. 11 Grammar Exercises……………..…………………………… 11 Supplementary Text: National Holidays in Azerbaijan…….. 14 Reading drills………………………………………………... 16 Supplementary Text: Ramazan……………………………… 18 Reading: The Islamic Civilization………………………….. 18 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 19 Supplementary Text: Baku………………………………….. 22 Historical and cultural monuments of Baku city…………… 23 Lesson II Text: Life and progress……………………………………… 26 You should know……………………………………………. 26 Supplementary Text: Life on the other Planets……………… 27 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 28 Dialogue……………………………………………………... 30 Lesson III Text: Accurate Time………………………………………… 32 Supplementary text: From the history of the clock ………… 33 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 34 Lesson IV Text: Exploring the ocean…………………………………… 36 Poem: Memory work………………………………………... 37 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 38 Do you Agree?........................................................................ 40 Lesson V Text: On the Ice Continent………………………………….. 41 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 42 Lesson VI Text: Worlds without Atmospheres…………………………. 47 Supplementary Text: A Good Lesson………………………. 48 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 49 Reading: The Imperial War Museum……………………….. 50 Supplementary Texts: The Norman Conquest; The Trojan Horse… 51 Lesson VII Text: Our Galaxy……………………………………………. 52 Supplementary Text: Supersonic and ultrasonic…………….. 53 Grammar Exercises …………………………………………. 54 Do you Know……………………………………………….. 55 Lesson VIII Text: The Antarctic………………………………………….. 56 Supplementary Text: Mars…………………………………... 57 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 57 Supplementary Text: Substance of Sun and Star…………… 59 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 60 Reading: Alloys……………………………………………... 63 3 Lesson IX Text: Climate………………………………………………... 64 Poem: Memory Work……………………………………….. 66 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 66 Dialogue…………………………………………………….. 68 Lesson X Text: From the History of London………………………….. 69 Grammar exercises…………………………………………. 70 Reading: The World‘s melting pot………………………….. 72 Poem: Good name…………………………………………… 76 Lesson XI Text: Great Britain…………………………………………... 77 Grammar exercises…………………………………………. 81 Supplementary Text: Noah Webster..………………………. 83 Reading: Dining etiquette in Spain; Dining etiquette in France; Dining etiquette in Britain………………………………..…. 83 Supplementary Text: A Pleasant Trip………………………. 86 Do you Know………………………………………………... 86 Lesson XII Text: The United States of America………………………… 87 Supplementary Text: The White House; Holywood………… 91 Grammar Exercises…………………………..……………... 93 Reading: American cities…………………………………… 96 Supplementary Text: Underground Hydroelectric Power Station… 97 Do you Know……………………………………………….. 98 Lesson XIII Text: Holidays………………………………………………. 99 Supplementary Text: St. Valentine‘s Day – February 14…… 101 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 102 Reading: New Year party in Australia; New Years eve in Vancouver…………………………………………………… 104 Supplementary Text: The Tate Gallery……………………… 104 Lesson XIV Text: Universities of England………………………………. 106 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 107 Dialogue……………………………………………………. 108 Supplementary Text: Mother Teresa ……………………….. 108 Lesson XV Text: American Sport……………………………………….. 110 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 111 Supplementary Text: Funny Description of Football……….. 112 Supplementary Text: Baseball ……………………………… 113 Lesson XVI Text: The Words of Science………………………………… 115 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 116 It is interesting to Know…………………………………….. 118 Supplementary Text: Sound………………………………… 119 Lesson XVII Text: The Evolution of Physics Continuity, Discontinuity….. 120 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 122 Do you Agree?........................................................................ 123 4 Supplementary Text: Jane Addams ………………………… 123 Lesson XVIII Text: Physical and Chemical changes……………………….. 125 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 126 Reading: The Great American Barbecue……………………. 127 Lesson XIX Dialogue: The Time Factor in Chemistry…………………… 128 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 130 Supplementary Text: In the History of Little Things……….. 132 Do you Agree?........................................................................ 133 Lesson XX Dialogue: What is a molecule?............................................... 134 It is Interesting to Know……………………………………. 135 Grammar Exercises ………………………………………… 135 Lesson XXI Text: The World‘s First Compass…………………………… 137 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 138 Lesson XXII Text: The Story of the Electron Microscope………………… 142 Do you Know……………………………………………….. 143 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 144 Supplementary Text: A Farmer and an Apple tree …………. 145 Lesson XXIII Text: Origin of the Metric System…………………………... 146 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 147 Lesson XXIV Text: Early History of Electricity…………………………… 149 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 150 Supplementary Text: Electricity May Be Dangerous……….. 150 Reading: Faraday Puts Electricity to Work…………………. 152 Lesson XXV Text: Energy…………………………………………………. 154 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 155 Supplementary Text: The Atom Structure…………………... 157 Reading: A Lovers‘ Quarrel………………………………… 158 Lesson XXVI Text: What is an electron?....................................................... 161 Grammar Exercises………………………………………….. 162 Supplementary Text: Florence Nightingale ………………… 163 Lesson XXVII Text: The Telephone………………………………………… 165 Dialogue…………………………………………………….. 167 Supplementary Text: Robots- the Ideal Workers?.................. 167 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 168 Lesson XXVIII Text: Water …………………………………………………. 170 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 171 Lesson XXIX Text: Radar………………………………………………….. 173 Grammar Exercises…………………………………………. 174 Reading: Radar Guides Harbor Traffic……………………… 175 Dialogues and Additional Texts……………………………... 177 Time for Reader……………………………………………... 200 Jokes and Short Stories……………………………………… 215 5 LESSON I TEXT MY NATIVE LAND Today, we would like to talk about a miraculous country of Azerbaijan with its unlimited natural resources, centuries- old culture, history and ancient people, whose lifestyle presents a unique and harmonious combination of the traditions and ceremonies of different cultures and civilizations. Azerbaijan is a geographical name. On the one hand this name is linked with the population, which lived in this region for thousand of years before our era, and who were mostly fire-worshippers. Local population considered that fire was their God and so they worshipped the fire. "Azer" means fire. The Turkic name "Azer" was used for this territory for a long time. The word "Azer" consists of two parts - "az" and "er". In Turkic languages, "az" means a good intention and a fate of success. Thus, the word "Azer" means "a brave man", "a brave boy", "the fire keeper". The word "Azerbaijan" originates from the name of an ancient Turkish tribe, who resided in those territories. Azerbaijan is one of the most ancient sites of humankind. The humankind was present here at every stage of their historical development. There were living settlements in Azerbaijan even at the earliest stages of humankind. Azerbaijan made its own contribution into the establishment of the current culture and 6 civilization, progress and dialectics. The time kept a range of ancient archeological and architectural monuments for us. The ancient headstones, manuscripts and models of carpets, preserved to the present times from the ancient ages, can provide much information to those who can and want to read them. If you wish to understand Azerbaijan and to know everything about it, you need to look at this country and its people with a friend's eyes. Azerbaijan is a country of ancient culture. The Oguz tribes which moved here and stayed for ages, have found a deeply rooted culture and in their turn enriched it with Turkic national traditions. The talented and creative powers of our nation are personified