Perturbations of the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Children with Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Disease
CLINICAL RESEARCH www.jasn.org Perturbations of the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Children with Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Disease Michelle R. Denburg,1,2,3 Kristen Koepsell,4 Jung-Jin Lee ,5 Jeffrey Gerber,3,6 Kyle Bittinger,5 and Gregory E. Tasian2,3,4 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 3Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 4Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 5Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 6Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ABSTRACT Background The relationship between the composition and function of gut microbial communities and early-onset calcium oxalate kidney stone disease is unknown. Methods We conducted a case-control study of 88 individuals aged 4–18 years, which included 44 indi- viduals with kidney stones containing $50% calcium oxalate and 44 controls matched for age, sex, and race. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were performed on stool samples. Results Participants who were kidney stone formers had a significantly less diverse gut microbiome com- pared with controls. Among bacterial taxa with a prevalence .0.1%, 31 taxa were less abundant among individuals with nephrolithiasis. These included seven taxa that produce butyrate and three taxa that degrade oxalate.
[Show full text]