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Cover’s comment Connessioni by Fabrice de Nola (2012, Oil and acrylic on canvas, cm 60 x 40. Private collection, Melbourne.) The Painting is Dead. Long Live the Painting For a few years and during my various wanderings, I’d been trying out to reflect both poetically and technically on the relations between the image (information) and the picture (object). In 2006 I finally realized the first painting with a QR code, and since 2012 I started to use the Augmented reality (AR). Insert instruc- tions for mobiles in a physical object, such as a painting, corresponded with my vision to make painting that was not isolated from its cross-references. AR and QR codes use a language that acts as a bridge between the object’s physical world and the multimedia sphere of information, favoring a dialogue between old and new technologies and transforming the primitive screen of a painting into a more complex object. Progressively, my work has been radically transformed, becoming multimedia and participative. As artist, today I feel myself as producer of information archi- tectures. The old technology of painting has persisted as the part of my work, visible in the physical world. What characterizes the work Connessioni is it being a painting made with traditional methods, but working as a multimedia window that contains a text, which in turn contains a video, other images and links. AR and QR codes enable the painting to extend itself beyond its surface, turn- ing the work in a hypermedia object that nonetheless still remains a painting, in a traditional sense of the term. Also others media included in the process maintain their peculiarities. The pictorial object is pervaded by information external to its body, while at the same time it is part of it. The painted QR code is addressed to the “Machine”. It works as an intermediate media, it is the medium of another media, readable by a device (generally a smartphone). The device has nothing to do with the painting; it is a technological extension of the observer, a mental and sensorial prosthesis, in this case used to fully enjoy a work of art. The whole forms a distributed, diffuse and reticular imaginary. A small artifi- cial neural network, which structures a discourse about the reality intended as mental and cultural projection, as a human idea manifested in technological phe- nomena. Fabrice de Nola Connessioni was painted in memory of the painter Andrea Di Marco. The chair is a quote from his cycle of paintings Seduta. The QR code links to Lampi, an open letter to the friends of Andrea. Tecnoscienza is a scientific journal focusing on the relationships between science, technology and society. The Journal is published twice a year with an open access and peer reviewed policy; it is managed by an Editorial Board with the supervision of an International Advisory Board. Tecnoscienza è una rivista scientifica che indaga i rapporti tra scienza, tecnolo- gia e società. La rivista è semestrale, open access e peer-reviewed; è gestita da un Comitato di Redazione, con la supervisione di un Comitato Scientifico Internazio- nale. Tecnoscienza by Tecnoscienza.net is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribuzione-Non commerciale-Condividi allo stesso modo 2.5 Italia License. Editorial Board Coordination Mario Biagioli (University of California Davis – USA) Attila Bruni Wiebe Bijker (University of Trento – IT) (Maastricht University – NL) Paolo Magaudda Geoffrey Bowker (University of Padova – IT) (University of Pittsburgh – USA) Assunta Viteritti Massimiano Bucchi (University of Roma La Sapienza – IT) (University of Trento – IT) Barbara Czarniawska Editorial Board (Göteborg University – SE) Steven Epstein Claudio Coletta (UC San Diego – USA) (Maynooth University – IRL) Silvia Gherardi Stefano Crabu (University of Trento – IT) (University of Padova – IT) Luca Guzzetti Enrico Marchetti (University of Genova – IT) (University of Ferrara – IT) Christine Hine Alvise Mattozzi (University of Surrey – UK) (Free University of Bolzano – IT) Massimo Mazzotti Sergio Minniti (University of California Berkeley – USA) (IULM Milano – IT) Amade M'charek Francesca Musiani (University of Amsterdam – NL) (CNRS Paris – FR) Alessandro Mongili Laura Lucia Parolin (University of Padova – IT) (University of Milano Bicocca – IT) Michela Nacci Annalisa Pelizza (University of L’Aquila – IT) (University of Twente – NL) Federico Neresini Giuseppina Pellegrino (University of Padova – IT) (University of Calabria – IT) Giuliano Pancaldi Barbara Pentimalli (University of Bologna – IT) (University of La Sapienza – IT) Luigi Pellizzoni Manuela Perrotta (University of Trieste – IT) (Queen Mary London – UK) Trevor Pinch (Cornell University – USA) International Advisory Board Lucy Suchman (Lancaster University – UK) Maria Carmela Agodi Mariachiara Tallacchini (University of Napoli – IT) (Catholic University of Piacenza – IT) Barbara Allen Paolo Volontè (Virginia Tech University – USA) (Politecnico of Milano – IT) Tecnoscienza is promoted by STS Italia (www.stsitalia.org) The Italian Society for the Study of Science and Technology Tecnoscienza c/o STS Italia, Via Carducci, 32 – 20123, Milano – Italy www.tecnoscienza.net – [email protected] – ISSN 2038-346 Table of Contents TECNOSCiENZA Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies Vol. 6, Nr. 1, June 2015 Cover Connessioni by Fabrice de Nola Essays Lucia Ariza Keeping Up Appearances in the Argentine Fertility Clinic. Making Kinship Visible through Race in Donor Conception p. 5 Naubahar Sharif Understanding the ‘National Innovation System’ Conceptual Approach as a Social and Governmental Technology p. 33 Alessandro Zampieri Latour in azione p. 63 Scenarios Martin Tironi and Tomás Sánchez Criado Of Sensors and Sensitivities. Towards a Cosmopolitics of ‘Smart Cities’? p. 89 Roberta Buiani The Rise of the Insect Industry. Sustainable Potential or Wasteful Accumulation p. 109 Conversation Alvise Mattozzi The Pilgrimage Goes On… A Conversation with Liam Bannon about Humans, Machines, and their Interactions. p. 133 Tecnoscienza - 6 (1) 4 Book Reviews p. 153 L. Pellizzoni and M. Ylönen (eds.) Neoliberalism and Technoscience: Critical Assessments (2012), by Barbara L. Allen C. Thompson Good Science. The Ethical Choreography of Stem Cell Research (2013), by Lorenzo Beltrame T. Pipan (ed.) Presunti Colpevoli. Dalle statistiche alla cartella clinica: indagine sugli errori in sanità [Presumed guilty. From statistics to medical records: an investigation of medical errors] (2014), by Barbara Czarniawska M. Martínez-Iglesias Experts and Campaigners: Scientific Information and Collective Action in Socio-ecological Conflicts (2014), by Paolo Giardullo C. Fuchs Social Media. A Critical Introduction (2014), by Cosimo Marco Scarcelli 5 Essay Keeping Up Appearances in the Argentine Fertility Clinic. Making Kinship Visible through Race in Donor Conception Lucía Ariza Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani University of Buenos Aires Abstract: This article examines ‘phenotype matching’, a procedure used in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) to coordinate the physical appearance of ova donors with that of recipients. Looking into phenotype matching as a socio-technical arrangement, and on the basis of an STS approach, the articles suggests that race is key in making kinship explicit, a making that is particularly important in the case of donor conception. By examining some of the ways in which race enters, and helps to sustain, a regime of visibility whereby family links need to be made visible in order to count as such, I make two concatenated claims. First, that race allows seeing the differences in bodily colours that may otherwise be too abstract to relate empirically. This making visible of certain features of body contributes, in turn, to the production of race as a material bodily substance. Second, I contend that the avoidance of racial in-coherence between mothers and offspring, which is argued both in ‘scientific’ and ‘social’ terms, helps to make kinship visible, that is, to make it real. Keywords: assisted reproductive technologies; phenotype matching; race; kinship; Argentina. Corresponding author: Lucía Ariza, Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, University of Buenos Aires, Pte J. E. Uriburu 950, 6to (C1114AAD) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina – Email: [email protected] 1. Introduction In this article I look into ‘phenotype matching’, a practice used in Ar- gentine ARTs, and elsewhere in the world, to increase the probabilities that children born from donated ova physically resemble their mothers (and, in some cases, also their fathers). On the basis of the epistemologi- TECNOSCIENZA Italian Journal of Science and Technology Studies 6 (1) pp. 5-31 - ISSN 2038-3460 www.tecnoscienza.net 2015 6 Tecnoscienza – 6 (1) cal and methodological contributions of Science and Technology Studies (STS), I use ethnographic accounts of clinical work to explore how the fertility clinic attempts to reproduce physical likeness materially and se- miotically. I claim that although its necessity is rarely argued for in racial terms, the matching of egg donors’ and recipients’ physical appearance is primarily concerned with achieving racial coherence, supporting Wade’s (2012a) suggestion of an expected ‘race-kinship congruity’ between par- ents and offspring. In this article, I suggest that producing resemblance in Argentina is rarely (if ever) solely about the replication of distinguishing visible traits, like the size of the ears or the shape of the eyebrows. Rather, it is

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