Visit us - www.researchjournal.co.in DOI : 10.15740/HAS/IRJAES/6.2/410-413 International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics Volume 6 | Issue 2 | September, 2015 | 410-413 e ISSN-2231-6434 Research Paper Constraints in banana cultivation and supply chain management in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh KHUSHBOO CHANDRAKAR, V.K. CHOUDHARY AND A.K. KOSHTA See end of the paper for ABSTRACT : India ranks fruits in area, production of banana in the world. Chhattisgarh state also authors’ affiliations contributed the status of being increasing trend in the cultivation for banana production and marketing. Correspondence to : Study aims to examine constraints in Banana production and supply chain management of Banana in KHUSHBOO Raipur district of Chhattisgarh. Study on the based on the response collected personally from 30 CHANDRAKAR Department Agri-Business Banana growers, selected purposely from four villages of Raipur district of Chhattisgarh state. It was and Rural Management, found that, most of the respondent belonged to other backward caste, school educated and were Indira Gandhi Agricultural having large size of land holding. They were mostly performed irrigated agriculture with an average University, RAIPUR (C.G.) INDIA area of 2.17 ha. under Banana cultivation, overall on an average cropping intensity was observed to be Email:khushboochandrakar 259.89 per cent. Consumption of Banana was found very low and farmers prefer to sold-out more than [email protected] 99.08 per cent of their total produce in mostly through channel-I involving wholesaler. Charges were having highest share of marketing cost in both the channels of marketing. The producer receives same amount by selling of producer through both the channels of marketing. High temperature and problem of electricity, lack of improved varieties for Banana cultivation was found as most important constraint faced by the Banana growers. Similarly, lack of processing industry, storage, fluctuation of price and regulated marketing system was reported as most important constraint faced by the farmers during supply chain management of Banana. During summer season due to high temperature the leaves of Banana is badly damaged due to sunstroke. Varieties which are capable to resist high temperature is to be evolved. An extensive survey is done to study the problem and suggestion are given here to improve the supply chain management of banana in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh. KEY WORDS : Constraint in Banana production, Supply chain management Paper History : Received : 01.08.2015; HOW TO CITE THIS PAPER : Chandrakar, Khushboo, Choudhary, V.K. and Koshta, A.K. (2015). Constraints in Revised : 08.08.2015; banana cultivation and supply chain management in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh. Internat. Res. J. Agric. Eco. Accepted : 15.08.2015 & Stat., 6 (2) : 410-413. largest producer of fruits in the world. Banana having INTRODUCTION : some of the desirable traits namely year round availability, Banana is cultivated in nearly 120 countries in the affordability, varietals range, taste, nutritive and medical world. The Global production of Banana is roughly 86 value makes so that the favorite fruit among all classes million tons (Chand, 2006). India has remarkable high of people. The planted crop of Banana get ready for production of banana measured in terms of Mt/ha. Banana harvest within 12-15 month of planting and the main (Musa paradisiacal, Musaceas.) is the second most harvesting season of banana are from September to April. important fruit crop in India next to mango and the second The production of fruits in Chhattisgarh, Banana ranks HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE KHUSHBOO CHANDRAKAR, V.K. CHOUDHARY AND A.K. KOSHTA second. Total production of Banana in Chhattisgarh 0.4 questionnaire. The secondary data will be collected metric tons from an area of 0.01 million hectare forming through from various Departments such as Directorate 22 per cent of the total fruit production in the state. It is of Horticulture, Raipur and other authentic sources. Data cultivated in almost all the districts in state. The major was analyzed using tabular analysis. Tabular analysis was banana growing districts are Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg, adopted to study the recourse use structure cost’s, Surajpur, Balrampur. Banana production plays an return’s, input-output ratio and constraints regarding important role in Chhattisgarh state. The total area and production and supply chain. Simple statistical tools like production of banana in Raipur district is 2108 hectares average and percentage were used to interpret the results and 49516 metric ones production respectively. Supply properly. Chain Management (SCM) is the oversight of materials, information, and finances as they move in a process from supplier to wholesaler to retailer and to the consumer. RESULTSAND DATA ANALYSIS : Supply chain management involves co-ordinating and The results obtained from the present investigation integrating these flows both within and among companies. as well as relevant discussion have been summarized Supply chain management has become one of the most under following heads : popular and fastest growing areas in management. A supply chain consists of all stages involved, directly or Cost and returns on the basis of cost concept : indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request. Per hectare cost and returns on the basis of cost concept in the production of Banana is presented in the MATERIALS AND METHODS : Table 1. The values of net income, family labour income and farm business income per hectare on the sample Study was concluded in Raipur district of farms of different size groups have been worked out in Chhattisgarh, where larger area was concentrated of the Table 1 clearly indicates that, on an average the value banana cultivation. Out of 27 districts of Chhattisgarh, of net income, family labour income and farm business Raipur district was selected purposely for the study. income per hectare came to Rs. 251480.73, Rs. 256037.28 Raipur district having 4 blocks Dharsiwa, Arang, and Rs.285573.21, respectively, on the sample farms of Abhanpur and Tilda. The Banana fruit crops is being different sizes. The average input-output ratio in Banana grown almost in all the blocks. However, Dharsiwa block came to 1:3.13 on the sample farms. This was because will be selected randomly because it represents more or of adoption of technology over good quality of sucker less similar socio-economic condition of the district. From propagated banana production besides increasing in yield. the Dharsiwa block, six villages namely, Doma, Per hectare yield pattern of output per hectare and cost Bhatagaon, Tendua, and Kathadih were selected of production per ton of Banana on the sampled farm randomly for the study looking to the responses of have been worked out indicates that the per hectare of villagers and banana growers. Data were collected from banana was 38.55 ton on the sample farms.The cost of the farmers, wholesalers, retailers through personal production per ton, on an average, was worked out to interview with the help of well prepared schedule and Rs. 3059.27 for Banana. It decreased with the increased Table 1 : Cost and return of banana on the sample farms for different group of sample households (Rs./ha.) Sr. No. Particulars Marginal Small Medium Large Overall 1. Input cost 106383.53 115277.47 116398.11 122967.08 117935.12 2. Gross return 317722.3 348741.34 352700 370365.71 369415.85 3. Net return 211338.77 233463.87 236301.89 247398.63 251480.73 4. Family labour income 214885.89 238371.21 240731.49 252700.75 256037.28 5. Farm business income 244018.78 267804.36 270247.45 282436.87 285573.21 6. Input-output ratio 1:2.9 1:3.02 1:3.03 1:3.01 1:3.13 7. Cost of production (Rs./ton) 3039.52 3103.86 3023.23 3141.72 3059.27 8. Yield (ton) 35.00 37.14 38.5 39.14 38.55 9. Value of production 317722.30 348741.34 352750.00 370365.71 369415.85 Internat. Res. J. Agric. Eco.& Stat., 6 (2) Sept., 2015 : 410-413 411 HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE CONSTRAINTS IN BANANA CULTIVATION & SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT in the size of farms due to higher yields in return to the %) producers reported that they are not aware about the cost of cultivation on the large farms. The gross return name and quantity of needed insecticides and pesticides per hectare received to Rs. 369415.85. The higher gross in case if their crop is infested by any disease or pest. return on large farms was associated with the higher expenditure incurred on modern farm inputs and adoption Constraints in supply chain management : of technology. Supply chain constraints are presented in Table 3. The major constraint in supply chain is lack of processing Cost and Return industries based on Banana is 100 per cent, respectively. 400000 Output value About (80.00 %) farmers fill the problem of price 300000 200000 fluctuation due to non-availability of regulated as well as Net income 100000 co-operative market and therefore, the Banana growers 0 Family labour income suffering from price fluctuation. About (76.67 %) farmers Marginal Small Medium Large Overall (Rs./t) feel that lack of awareness about the market information Fig. 1 : Cost and return of banana on the sample farms for is also a problem. High cost of transportation suffered different group of farms Banana grower is (60.00 %) due to non-availability of transportation vehicle in proper time of transportation. Constraints in banana production : Heavy damage of fruit at time of transportation faced The constraints in Banana production were the Banana growers are (56.67 %) respectively (Jagtap presented in Table 2. Major constraints pertaining to et al., 2009; Landge et al., 2010; Meti, 2012 and Anap et cultivation of Banana were problem of high temperature al., 2014).