DOCSLIB.ORG

Hosting Tour De France Under COVID-19: Bargain Or Burden for New Stage Cities?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hosting Tour De France Under COVID-19: Bargain Or Burden for New Stage Cities? Umeå University Department of Geography Master Thesis in Human Geography (Spring Term 2021) Supervisor: Roger Marjavaara Hosting Tour De France Under COVID-19: Bargain or Burden for New Stage Cities? Cyril Herzet Master’s Programme in Tourism th 14 of May 2021 RÉSUMÉ (Français) Le Tour de France (TDF) est le troisième événement sportif au monde et la plus grande course cycliste en termes de popularité et de prestige. L’événement génère une exposition médiatique mondiale et attire chaque année des millions de visiteurs à court et à long terme. Le TDF est donc extrêmement attrayant pour les communautés à la recherche de profits. À l’aide de la Direction Moyenne Linéaire (MLD) et d’interviews semi-structurées (côté communauté et organisation), ce mémoire analyse l’évolution spatiale du TDF au fil du temps en comparant le parcours de 2021 à d’autres intervalles temporelles de la course. En outre, les raisons du changement potentiel en termes de distribution spatiale sont étudiées en tenant compte des problèmes actuels dus à la pandémie de COVID-19 ayant gravement affecté le secteur du tourisme et, par conséquent, les avantages que les communautés espéraient percevoir en accueillant le TDF. Les résultats ont montré que l’itinéraire de 2021 s’écarte des éditions précédentes de l’histoire du TDF en incluant 10 nouvelles villes étapes qui n’ont jamais accueilli l’événement auparavant. Le répondant de l’organisation a indiqué que la pandémie n’a affecté qu’indirectement le parcours du TDF et que l’emplacement du Grand Départ ainsi que les principales contraintes internes imposées aux organisateurs sont des éléments clés dans la répartition spatiale de l’événement. Les communautés interrogées ont reconnu qu’il y avait un risque à accueillir le TDF cette année en raison des mesures restrictives potentielles. Cependant, elles ont admis que les bénéfices apportés par la course surpassaient largement les impacts négatifs potentiels dus à l’épidémie. En effet, le TDF reste un moyen d’apporter des effets économiques positifs, de la cohésion sociale, du bonheur, de la fierté et de la satisfaction aux villes hôtes à un moment où l’industrie du tourisme est au point mort. Mots clefs : Tour De France, Tourisme Sportif, Courses Cyclistes, Exposition Médiatique, Réputation des Lieux, Marchandisation des Lieux, Développement des Communautés. ABSTRACT (English) The Tour De France (TDF) is the third largest sporting event in the world and the biggest cycling race in terms of popularity and prestige. The event generates global media exposure and attracts millions of short- and long-term visitors each year, thus, TDF is extremely appealing for communities in search of profits. Using Linear Directional Mean (LDM) and semi-structured interviews (community and organization sides), this paper analyzes how TDF has spatially evolved through time by comparing the 2021 racetrack to other time intervals. Additionally, reasons of the potential shift in terms of spatial distribution are investigated considering current issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic that has severely affected the tourism sector and therefore, the benefits that communities were expecting to perceive by hosting TDF. Findings showed that the 2021 route deviated from previous editions time of the TDF history including 10 new stage cities that never hosted the event before. The respondent from the organization indicated the pandemic only indirectly affected the TDF route and that the location of the Grand Départ as well as the main internal constraints imposed to the organizers are key elements in the spatial distribution of the event. Interviewed communities acknowledged that there was risk while hosting TDF this year due to potential restrictive measures. However, they recognized that benefits brought by the race largely overweight potential negative impacts from the epidemic. Indeed, TDF remains a way to bring economic benefits, social cohesion, happiness, pride and satisfaction to hosting cities at a time when the tourism industry is at a standstill. Key words: Tour De France, Sport Tourism, Cycling Events, Media Exposure, Place Reputation, Place Commodification, Community Development. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor Roger Marjavaara from the Geography Department of Umeå University for helping and encouraging me during this thesis, his precious advice allowed me to get through every step with more confidence. Then, I am very grateful to my relatives, my friends and my girlfriend for their unconditional support throughout the elaboration of my thesis. Finally, I am thankful to my respondents from A.S.O. (organization of Tour De France) but also from the communities that will host the event for the very first time in July 2021 namely, Céret, Changé, Chatou, Landerneau, Malaucène, Sorgues and Vierzon. CONTENTS I- INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1 II- LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................................... 3 1- The Commodification of Place ................................................................................................. 3 1.1. Space and Place ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.2. Place as a Product ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.3. Tourism .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4. Destination Branding ................................................................................................................ 6 2- Sport Tourism as a Way to Promote Places ............................................................................ 8 2.1. Sport Tourism ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Impacts of Major Sporting Events ............................................................................................ 9 2.3. Experiencing Place Through Sport Tourism .......................................................................... 10 2.4. Cycling Tourism ..................................................................................................................... 12 III- STUDY CONTEXT: THE TOUR DE FRANCE .................................................................. 15 1- The Story of the Tour .............................................................................................................. 15 2- Impacts of Tour De France ..................................................................................................... 17 3- The Making of the Tour’s Itinerary ....................................................................................... 18 4- The COVID-19 Outbreak ....................................................................................................... 19 IV- METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 20 1- GIS Treatment and Analysis .................................................................................................. 21 2- Semi-Structured Interviews .................................................................................................... 24 3- Limitations of the Study .......................................................................................................... 25 V- RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 27 1- The Spatial Evolution of Tour De France .............................................................................. 27 2- Interview with the Main Actors of the 2021 Tour De France: A.S.O. and the New Cities 34 2.1. A.S.O. ..................................................................................................................................... 34 2.2. The New Communities ........................................................................................................... 36 VI- DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 37 1- Causes of the 2021 Route Deviation ....................................................................................... 38 2- Motives for Hosting the Tour During the Pandemic ............................................................ 39 3- Tour De France as a Cure Against the Fatalism of the Pandemic ...................................... 41 VII- CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................ 42 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 43 Appendix : Questions for the Organization and Community Sides ............................................... 48 I- INTRODUCTION For a long time, places have been trying to promote their image and to become appealing through various means in order to attract settlers, customers, traders, investors, travelers or visitors (Anholt, 2010). Major sporting events like the Football World Cup, Olympic Games or Tour de France are reputed for their uniqueness and for attracting many visitors (Getz, 2008). These
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Case – Tdf Diagnostic Hypotheses 2013
    ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Froome's performances since the Vuelta 11 are so good that he should be considered a Grand Tour champion. Grand Tour champions who didn't benefit from game-changing drugs (GTC) usually display a high potential as junior athletes. Supporting evidence: Coppi first won the Giro at 20 Anquetil first won the Grand Prix des Nations at 19 Merckx won the world's road at 19 Hinault won the Giro and Tour at 24 LeMond showed amazing talent at just 15 Fignon led the Giro and won the Critèrium national at 22 No display of early talent H: Froome rode the 2013 TdF 'clean' ~H: Froome didn't ride the 2013 TdF 'clean' Reason: Because p(D|H) = Objection: But that's because he grew up in Evaluation Froome didn't display a high Froome's first major wins a country with no cycling activity per say and p(D|~H) = potential as a junior athlete. were at age 26, which is he took up road racing late. quite late in cycling. Cognitive dissonance (additional condition): Being clean, Froome performs at a Grand Tour champion level despite not having shown great potential as a junior athlete. Requirement: it is possible to be a clean Grand Tour champion without showing high potential as a junior athlete. Armstrong's performance in the TdF: DNF, DNF, 36, DNF, DNS [cancer], DNS [cancer], 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23 Sudden metamorphoses from 'middle of the pack' to 'champion' are Team Sky's director Brailsford: "We also look at the history of the guy, his usually seen in dopers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tour De France Returns Next Month
    MEDIA RELEASE 27 May 21 The Tour de France returns next month LIVE, FREE and in HD – exclusive to SBS from 26 June to 18 July Bite-sized food series Plat du Tour also returns, hosted by renowned French chef Guillaume Brahimi • Interviews available • Watch the promo for the Tour de France HERE • Watch the promo for Plat du Tour HERE SBS has been the home of the Tour de France for over 30 years and cycling fans can rejoice as the international sporting event returns next month. The 2021 Tour de France will be available live, free and in HD, exclusive to SBS from Saturday 26 June to Sunday 18 July. From Brest to Paris, the 108th Tour de France will feature eight flat stages, five hilly stages, and two individual time trial stages. The race will traverse a total of nine regions, 31 departments and cover six mountain stages with three finishes at altitude. The eighth stage, from Vierzon to Le Creusot, will navigate 248kms and will be longest Tour de France stage since the year 2000. SBS will again provide extensive coverage of the Tour de France. Broadcast times vary, with most stages starting at 8:30pm AEST (full schedule below). Then, tune into SBS daily for Morning Updates from 7.00am and stage replays from 11.00am. Every stage of the Tour de France will stream live on SBS On Demand and the Cycling Central website. Cycling Central will feature news, opinion, stats, highlights and video on demand. The SBS commentary team will once again cover the event live from SBS’s studios with esteemed cycling journalist Michael Tomalaris at the helm.
    [Show full text]
  • Fact Sheet: Tour De France Grand Départ Copenhagen - Denmark
    FACT SHEET: TOUR DE FRANCE GRAND DÉPART COPENHAGEN - DENMARK Tour de France Grand Départ Copenhagen Denmark Denmark will host the Tour de France Grand Départ in 2021. Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, is the official starting point of the Danish Grand Départ, and in total three Tour stages will take place in Denmark. The three stages will take place on the following dates: July 2nd 2021 Tour de France kicks off with the openings stage, the Grand Départ, in Copenhagen. July 3rd the second stage starts in Roskilde and finishes in Nyborg on the island of Funen. July 4th the third stage starts in Vejle and finishes in Sønderborg. “The greatest cycling race in the world meets the best cycling city in the world" is the slogan of the Danish Grand Départ. Denmark officially placed a bid to host a Tour de France Grand Départ on June 20th 2016 in Paris, where the bid was personally presented to Christian Prudhomme from the ASO by the former Danish Minister for Business and Growth, Troels Lund Poulsen, and the Lord Mayor of Copenhagen, Frank Jensen. Tour de France will be one of the biggest sports events ever held in Denmark. The Tour de France is broadcast in 190 countries and has millions of TV viewers during the race. Over 900,000 spectators are expected to attend the three stages in Denmark. The Danish stages of Tour de France Grand Départ – approx. 13 kilometres time trial in central Copenhagen. The opening stage starts off on H.C. Andersens Boulevard and finishes on Rådhuspladsen (City Hall Square) in Copenhagen after having passed through the heart of Copenhagen including landmarks such as the Royal Palace of Amalienborg, the old charming harbor of Nyhavn and the parliament at Christiansborg.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour De France
    Tour de France The Tour de France is the world’s most famous, and arguably the hardest, cycling race. It takes place every year and lasts for a total of three weeks, covering almost 3,500km. History of the Race During the late 19th century, cycling became a popular hobby for many people. As time went on, organised bike races were introduced and professional cycling became very popular in France. On 6th July 1903, 60 cyclists set off on a race and covered 2,428km in a circular route over six stages. 18 days after setting off, 21 of the original 60 cyclists made it back to the finish line in Paris. The winner was Maurice Garin and the Tour de France was born. Except for war time, the race has taken place every year since then and has become more challenging with the addition of mountain climbs and longer distances. The Modern Tour de France Each year, the tour begins in a different country. The route changes annually too, though usually finishes on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. In 2019, the race starts in Brussels, Belgium on the 6th July and ends in Paris on the 28th July after 21 stages totalling a distance of 3,460km. There are 22 teams taking part in the Tour de France, each with eight riders. The reigning champion is Welsh cyclist Geraint Thomas. Coloured Jerseys Yellow jersey Green jersey Red polka dot jersey White jersey (maillot jaune) (maillot vert) (maillot à pois rouges) (maillot blanc) Worn by the Worn by the King of the Mountains jersey Fastest overall race leader at rider with the – worn by the first rider to rider under the each stage.
    [Show full text]
  • Tdf 1996-2005.Pdf
    Tour de France Top Overall Three Finishers Noting Anti-Doping Rule Violations and Allegations Year First Second Third 1996 Bjarne Riis on May 25, 2007 Riis issued a press release that he Jan Ullrich Implicated in Operación Puerto and was barred from the Richard Virenque On October 24, 2000, he admits in a also had made "mistakes" in the past, and in the following press 2006 Tour de France and fired by his T-Mobile team. He received a French court to doping knowingly but not willingly. The conference confessed to taking EPO, growth hormone and two-year suspension for Puerto involvement (8/22/11 – 8/21/13), Swiss cycling association suspended him for nine months cortisone for 5 years, from 1993 to 1998, including during his and results disqualified since 5/1/2005. victory in the 1996 Tour de France. 1997 Jan Ullrich Implicated in Operación Puerto and was barred from Richard Virenque On October 24, 2000, he admits in a French court Marco Pantani In the 1999 Giro d'Italia, he was expelled the 2006 Tour de France and fired by his T-Mobile team. He to doping knowingly but not willingly. The Swiss cycling association due to his irregular blood values. Although he was received a two-year suspension for Puerto involvement (8/22/11 suspended him for nine months disqualified for "health reasons", it was implied that – 8/21/13), and results disqualified since 5/1/2005. Pantani's high hematocrit was the product of EPO use. Later, it was revealed he had a hematocrit level of 60 per cent after his crash in 1995, above the later limit of 50.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study: the Tour De France & Vsquared TV
    Case Study: Broadcast TV The Tour de France & Vsquared TV Solution Summary PROMISE and Vsquared TV Create At a Glance • Vsquared TV is an independent The Fastest, Most Advanced Editing production company which specializes in covering cycling Suite for the Tour de France • Vsquared TV was switching to Final Cut Pro X for the 2014 Tour de France broadcasts and needed to upgrade their edit suites • With the help of PROMISE, Vsquared TV built 4 of the most advanced edit suites for sporting events The Solution • Vsquared TV relied on the PROMISE Pegasus2 R6/M4 Thunderbolt 2 storage and the PROMISE SANLink2 Benefits • Faster access to archive footage • Increased speed in editing - no more waits for rendering The Tour de France & Vsquared TV The Tour de France is the most prestigious cycling event and one of the most famous • Huge gains in efficiency were sporting events in the world. The top cyclists from around the world compete in a grueling crucial since this gave Vsquared three week 3,500 km journey each July that takes competitors through the mountain extra time to polish the final edits chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps and on to the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. and still make air The Tour de France is broadcast worldwide on 121 different television channels in over • SANLink2 was vital to the process 190 countries with huge audiences watching each stage, including a record 44 million since the Mac Pro required a viewers who took in one of the final stages in the 2009 race.
    [Show full text]
  • Froome-Preuvepar21-En.Pdf
    >> Not Normal? Christopher Froome Christopher Froome Turn 13 Christopher FROOME Cols and stage wins Actual Power watts/kg Standard Power Time Stage Cols Tour de France 2008 Alpe d’Huez. Tails Menchov then weakens 312 4.59 318 00:51:10 3 « The Legend » 84th-23 years old. Team Barloworld 2011 Vuelta a España Covatilla. Beaten on this Tour by Cobo 394 5.47 401 00:27:50 2 by Barloword, headed by Claudio Corti, for the 2nd - 26 years old Farrapona 410 5.69 416 00:21:01 3 2008 season. Team Sky Angliru. Works for Wiggins. could have climbed faster 397 5.51 403 00:44:22 2 w He impresses everyone with a strong showing in Pena Cabarga. 1st. Exceptional performance. ahead of Cobo 462 6.42 470 00:17:15 2 the Giro dell’Appennino before being selected for Average, Pena Cabarga not included in average as -20’ 400 5.6 407 00:31:04 the Tour de France. In the final 53+ km time-trial he finishes a very strong 14th, the sign of excellent 2012 Dauphiné Joux Plane. Impressive collective performance by Sky Team. 405 5.63 415 00:35:36 3 recovery. In Paris, he finishes 81st. 4th - 27 years old w In 2009, he finishes third at the Mont-Faron Tour de France 2012 Planche des Belles Filles, 1st. Leads climb and wins… 458 6.74 467 00:16:23 1 summit on the Tour méditerranéen. He then takes 2nd - 27 years old Grand Colombier 381 5.60 388 00:49:49 2 the second challenge in the Giro del Capo in South La Toussuire.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour De France in Düsseldorf 29.06.–02.07.2017 the Programme
    GRAND DÉPART 2017 TOUR DE FRANce IN DüSSELDOrF 29.06.–02.07.2017 THE PROGRAMME CONTENTS conTenTs Profile: Geisel and Prudhomme .... 4 SATURDAY, 01.07 / DAY 3 ..........46 Countdown to the Tour.................... 6 Timetable / final of the The 104th Tour de France ............. 12 Petit Départ ...................................47 Service: Facts and figures ............ 14 Stage 1 event map ........................48 Service: Tour lexicon ..................... 18 Barrier-free access map ..............50 An overview of the programme .... 20 Traffic information and more .......52 On the route: Hotspots ................. 22 Cycle map for Saturday.................54 Our campaign: RADschlag ........... 26 Special: Along the route ...............56 Information for people Concert: Kraftwerk 3-D ................58 with disabilities ............................. 28 Public transport plan and SUNDAY, 02.07 / DAY 4 ................60 Rheinbahn app .............................. 30 Timetable.......................................61 ‘Festival du Tour’ by the Landtag .. 31 Stage 2 event map ........................62 Barrier-free access map ..............64 THURSDAY, 29.06 / DAY 1 ........... 32 Service: Neutralisation .................65 Team presentation event map ...... 34 Service: Route ...............................66 Sport: Introducing all the teams .. 35 Map of the entire region ...............68 Traffic information and more .......70 FRIDAY, 30.06 / DAY 2 .................. 43 Timetable / Schloss Benrath Special: Four insider tips..............72
    [Show full text]
  • Su 20 Tour Down Under Australia Route Results February Date Race Country Route
    January Date Race Country Route Results Tu 15 – Su 20 Tour Down Under Australia Route Results February Date Race Country Route Results We 6 – Su 10 Tour of Valencia Spain Route Results Tu 12 – Su 16 Tour Colombia Colombia Route Results We 20 – Su 24 Ruta del Sol Spain Route Sun 24 – Sa 2/3 UAE Tour UAE Route March Date Race Country Route Results Sa 2 Omloop Het Belgium Route Nieuwsblad Su 3 Kuurne-Brussels- Belgium Route Kuurne Sa 9 Strade Bianche Italy Donne Sa 9 Strade Bianche Italy Su 10 – Su 17 Paris-Nice France Route we 13 – Tu 19 Tirreno–Adriatico Italy Route Sa 23 Milan – San Remo Italy Mo 25 – Su 31 Volta a Catalunya Spain Route Fr 29 E3 BinckBank Classic Belgium Route Su 31 Gent – Wevelgem Belgium (women) Su 31 Gent – Wevelgem Belgium April Date Race Country Route Results We 3 Dwars door Belgium Vlaanderen Su 7 Tour of Flanders Belgium Route (women) Su 7 Tour of Flanders Belgium Route Mo 8 – Sa 13 Tour of the Spain Basque Country Su 14 Paris – Roubaix France Route We 17 Brabantse Pijl Belgium Su 21 Amstel Gold Race Netherlands Ladies Edition Su 21 Amstel Gold Race Netherlands Mo 22 – Fr 26 Tour of the Alps Italy/Aut Route We 24 La Flèche Belgium Wallonne Femmes We 24 La Flèche Belgium Wallonne Su 28 Liège–Bastogne– Belgium Liège Femmes Su 28 Liège–Bastogne– Belgium Liège Tu 30 – Su 5/5 Tour de Switzerland Romandie May Date Race Country Route Results Sa 11 – Su 2/6 Giro d’Italia Italy Route Su 12 – Sa 18 Tour of California USA Route June Date Race Country Route Results Su 9 – Su 16 Critérium du France Dauphiné Sa 15- Su 23 Tour
    [Show full text]
  • ASX Announcement
    Media Release 3 July 2017 Santos to power Tour Down Under for another two years Santos today announced it will continue its support for the Tour Down Under (TDU), re-signing as the naming rights partner for the next two years. Santos Managing Director and CEO Kevin Gallagher, said the company had a long history with the TDU as naming rights sponsor since the 2010 event and was pleased it would continue its partnership for the upcoming 20th Anniversary celebrations. “Santos is excited to extend its long term partnership with the Santos Tour Down Under for another two years. Much like our company does, the Santos Tour Down Under provides substantial economic and community benefits to South Australia and showcases this great state to the world,” Mr Gallagher said. “While Santos has been delivering energy to Australian homes and businesses for more than 50 years, we are also committed to supporting our community by sponsoring important events like the Santos Tour Down Under. “Since becoming the naming rights sponsor in 2010, we have been delighted to watch this event transform into the world renowned festival of cycling that it is today. In that time, the event has grown to a record 839,784 spectators in 2017 and the Santos Women’s Tour has developed into a UCI ranked event.” Mr Gallagher said the agreement was reached following discussions with the South Australian Government which commenced at the time of the 2017 Santos Tour Down Under. South Australian Minister for Tourism Leon Bignell said: “Santos has been a long-standing and valuable partner for the Santos Tour Down Under and the State Government is delighted to see their sponsorship continue until 2019.” “Our continued partnership is testament to the success of the Santos Tour Down Under and the results it consistently delivers as the biggest cycling event outside of Europe,” he said.
    [Show full text]
  • BMC Racing Team Announces International Partnership with Swisse Wellness
    BMC Racing Team announces international partnership with Swisse Wellness Media Release 15 January 2018 Monday 15th January 2018: Today in Adelaide (Australia), on the eve of Australia’s greatest cycling race the ‘Santos Tour Down Under’, at a press conference held at the Hilton Adelaide, BMC Racing Team announced Swisse Wellness as the team’s official wellness partner. Joining forces to unite a partnership that champions pure passion, movement and wellbeing, Oliver Horn, Managing Director of Swisse Wellness ANZ, joined BMC Racing Team representatives at the press conference with Georges Lüchinger, BMC Director of Business Solutions and BMC Aussie world-class cycling line-up including Richie Porte, Simon Gerrans, Rohan Dennis and Miles Scotson. Oliver Horn explained how delighted the brand is to be partnering with one of the most successful cycling teams at the WorldTour level and to be able to launch this partnership in Australia, the home of Swisse’s global head office is a great celebration for the company. “This partnership with BMC Racing Team is another ingredient in Swisse’s global marketing strategy and we are excited to introduce our brand to the world of WorldTour cycling and engage with the global fan base. Signifying what we champion here at Swisse, health, happiness and wellbeing, we are proud to partner with a team that celebrates universal movement. “Providing us with significant brand awareness during the global cycling tour, this partnership celebrates the values that make Swisse Wellness so successful; pure passion, a devoted team committed to seeking the best ingredients to ensure maximum performance and drive to achieve our mission of making billions of people around the world healthier and happier,” says Swisse Wellness Managing Director Oliver Horn.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Tour De France
    Le Tour de France The Tour de France is an annual bike race that takes place over 3 weeks. This year is the 107th Tour and it begins in Nice. Often the Tour starts in another country; it visited the UK in 2014 and last year started in Belgium. It was due to start in June but has been postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic. It now begins on 29th August and finishes on 20th September. The race will cover 3470km over 21 stages. There are 2 rest days. Last year’s winner was Egan Bernal from Columbia with Geraint Thomas from Wales in second. In 1903, the Tour de France was the creation of Henri Desgranges to promote his newspaper. The winner’s jersey is yellow as this was the colour of the newspaper pages. What do the different coloured jerseys mean? The yellow jersey or maillot jaune is awarded to the leader or winner, the person with the lowest combined overall time across the stages. It's the most prestigious of the jerseys. The yellow jersey contenders don't have to win every stage. As long as the riders ahead of them are behind in the overall standings. The fastest sprinter is awarded the green jersey. Points are given to the first cyclists across the finish in each stage and for intermediate sprints along the way each day. The polka dot jersey is given to the best mountain climber. Points are awarded to riders who get to specific peaks first. The white jersey is awarded to the best young rider under the age of 26.
    [Show full text]