Annual Report 2011
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Flooding the Border: Development, Politics, and Environmental Controversy in the Canadian-U.S
FLOODING THE BORDER: DEVELOPMENT, POLITICS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROVERSY IN THE CANADIAN-U.S. SKAGIT VALLEY by Philip Van Huizen A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (History) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) June 2013 © Philip Van Huizen, 2013 Abstract This dissertation is a case study of the 1926 to 1984 High Ross Dam Controversy, one of the longest cross-border disputes between Canada and the United States. The controversy can be divided into two parts. The first, which lasted until the early 1960s, revolved around Seattle’s attempts to build the High Ross Dam and flood nearly twenty kilometres into British Columbia’s Skagit River Valley. British Columbia favoured Seattle’s plan but competing priorities repeatedly delayed the province’s agreement. The city was forced to build a lower, 540-foot version of the Ross Dam instead, to the immense frustration of Seattle officials. British Columbia eventually agreed to let Seattle raise the Ross Dam by 122.5 feet in 1967. Following the agreement, however, activists from Vancouver and Seattle, joined later by the Upper Skagit, Sauk-Suiattle, and Swinomish Tribal Communities in Washington, organized a massive environmental protest against the plan, causing a second phase of controversy that lasted into the 1980s. Canadian and U.S. diplomats and politicians finally resolved the dispute with the 1984 Skagit River Treaty. British Columbia agreed to sell Seattle power produced in other areas of the province, which, ironically, required raising a different dam on the Pend d’Oreille River in exchange for not raising the Ross Dam. -
Frank Zelko Research Fellow, GHI
“MAKE IT A GREEN PEACE”: THE HISTORY OF AN INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATION Frank Zelko Research Fellow, GHI In the early 1970s, the United States Congress’s House Subcommittee on Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation held a series of hearings on the sub- ject of marine mammal protection. Among those who testified were rep- resentatives of America’s oldest and most established wilderness protec- tion groups, such as the Sierra Club, the Audubon Society, and the National Wildlife Federation. Although it was important to ensure that the world’s populations of whales and seals remained as healthy as pos- sible, these organizations argued, they did not support a policy of abso- lute protection. As long as the survival of the species was ensured, they believed, it was legitimate to use its “surplus” members for the benefit of people. In his testimony before the subcommittee, Thomas Kimball of the National Wildlife Federation employed phrases such as “renewable re- sources,” “stewardship,” and “professional wildlife management.” The “harvesting of surplus wildlife populations,” his organization felt, wasan “important management tool if the continuing long-range well-being of an animal population is the ultimate objective.”1 A few years later, a group of environmental protesters off the coast of California came across a fleet of Soviet whaling boats. Using motorized inflatable dinghies, the activists positioned themselves between a whal- er’s harpoon and a fleeing pod of sperm whales, acting as human shields to protect the defenseless giants. Whaling, these activists insisted, was not merely an issue of wildlife preservation or resource stewardship. Rather, it was an unconscionable act of violence perpetrated against a species whose intelligence and sensitivity put them in the same biological cat- egory as human beings. -
Rainbow Warrior Case
1 Rainbow Warrior Case Rainbow Warrior (NEW ZEALAND v. FRANCE) France-New Zealand Arbitration Tribunal. 30 April 1990 (Jiménez de Aréchaga, Chairman; Sir Kenneth Keith and Professor Bredin, Members) SUMMARY: The facts: - In July 1985 a team of French agents sabotaged and sank the Rainbow Warrior, a vessel belonging to Greenpeace International, while it lay in harbour in New Zealand. One member of the crew was killed. Two of the agents, Major Mafart and Captain Prieur, were subsequently arrested in New Zealand and, having pleaded guilty to charges of manslaughter and criminal damage, were sentenced by a New Zealand court to ten years' imprisonment.1 A dispute arose between France, which demanded the release of the two agents, and New Zealand, which claimed compensation for the incident. New Zealand also complained that France was threatening to disrupt New Zealand trade with the European Communities unless the two agents were released. The two countries requested the Secretary-General of the United Nations to mediate and to propose a solution in the form of a ruling, which both Parties agreed in advance to accept. The Secretary-General's ruling, which was given in 1986, required France to pay US $7 million to New Zealand and to undertake not to take certain defined measures injurious to New Zealand trade with the European Communities.2 The ruling also provided that Major Mafart and Captain Prieur were to be released into French custody but were to spend the next three years on an isolated French military base in the Pacific. The two States concluded an agreement in the form of an exchange of letters on 9 July 1986 ("the First Agreement"),3 which provided for the implementation of the ruling. -
Environmental Organizations Treaties
74 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Headquarters: Parkring 8, POB 995, A-1011 Vienna, Austria. flagship, Rainbow Warrior, while it was in Auckland Harbour, Website: http://www.ofid.org New Zealand. Email: [email protected] Mission. Greenpeace is an independent global environmental Director-General: Suleiman Jasir al-Herbish (Saudi Arabia). organization that aims to secure a planet ‘that is ecologically healthy and able to nurture life in all its diversity’. It campaigns to: prevent pollution and abuse of the Earth’sland,oceans,air and fresh water; end all nuclear threats; and promote peace, global Environmental Organizations disarmament and non-violence. Organization. Greenpeace International has its headquarters in Friends of the Earth International Amsterdam in the Netherlands, from where it co-ordinates worldwide campaigns and monitors and advises 28 national and Origin. Friends of the Earth was founded in 1971 by a network of regional offices. These provide a presence in over 40 countries. environmental activists from France, Sweden, the UK and the USA. Financial contributions from governments, political parties and Mission. The organization aims to ‘collectively ensure environ- commercial organizations are not accepted. Funding is provided mental and social justice, human dignity, and respect for human by individual supporters and foundation grants. In the 18 months rights and peoples’ rights so as to ensure sustainable societies’. to Jan. 2009, 2·9m. people took out or renewed financial membership. Organization. Friends of the Earth International comprises 74 Headquarters: Ottho Heldringstraat 5, 1066 AZ Amsterdam, national member groups, with a combined membership of Netherlands. individuals exceeding 2m. around the world in some 5,000 local Website: http://www.greenpeace.org activist groups. -
The Strategy of Radical Environmentalism
Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, Summer 2008, Vol. 10, Issue 4. THROWING A WRENCH INTO THINGS: THE STRATEGY OF RADICAL ENVIRONMENTALISM Teale Phelps Bondaroff, University of Calgary Introduction: The current focus on Islamic terrorism has resulted in a lack of awareness of other forms of terrorism. Similarly, the focus on external non-conventional threats to security has meant that domestic threats are being overlooked. One such instance is that of the threat posed by radical environmentalist organizations, such as Earth First! (EF!)1, the Earth Liberation Front (ELF), and the Sea Shepherds Society. These organizations, which premise themselves upon the assertion of “No compromise in the Defense of Mother Earth!” have declared themselves Mother Nature’s armies and navies and represent the militarization of the environmental movement.2 The operations in which they engage, of which there have been more than 600 in the United States and Canada since 1996, have been responsible for an estimated $100 million in damages.3 Though the impact of these operations pale in comparison to those of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre and Pentagon in 2001, they represent a growing trend in environmental organizations, and a growing non-conventional societal threat. The threat is especially real in Canada where many groups find their origins in Canadian-born organizations such as Greenpeace. 1 The name of the ‘Earth First!’ includes the exclamation mark, which places emphasis on their commitment to action. 2 Jonathan I. Lange, “Refusal to Compromise: The Case of Earth First!” Western Journal of Speech Communication, 54 (Fall 1990), p. -
1. Einleitung
Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung ............................................................................................................................... 1 2. Entstehung und Erfolge einer weltumspannenden Bewegung ......................................... 1 2.1. Die Idee............................................................................................................................... 1 2.2. Die Prophezeiung................................................................................................................ 1 2.3. Die Historie......................................................................................................................... 2 2.3.1. 1972-1976................................................................................................................... 2 2.3.2. 1977-1988................................................................................................................... 2 2.3.3. 1989-1996................................................................................................................... 3 2.3.4. 1997-2000................................................................................................................... 5 3. Bekannte Greenpeace-Aktivisten........................................................................................ 5 3.1. Irving und Dorothy Stowe .................................................................................................. 5 3.2. Jim und Marie Bohlen........................................................................................................ -
Environmental Activism on the Ground: Small Green and Indigenous Organizing
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2019-01 Environmental Activism on the Ground: Small Green and Indigenous Organizing University of Calgary Press Clapperton, J., & Piper, L. (2019). Environmental activism on the ground: small green and indigenous organizing. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/109482 book https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVISM ON THE GROUND: Small Green and Indigenous Organizing Edited by Jonathan Clapperton and Liza Piper ISBN 978-1-77385-005-4 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence. -
A Study of Central Characters in Seven Operas from Australia 1988-1998 Anne Power University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1999 Voiced identity: a study of central characters in seven operas from Australia 1988-1998 Anne Power University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Power, Anne, Voiced identity: a study of central characters in seven operas from Australia 1988-1998, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Wollongong, 1999. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1761 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] VOICED IDENTITY: A STUDY OF CENTRAL CHARACTERS IN SEVEN OPERAS FROM AUSTRALIA 1988-1998 ANNE POWER A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 1999 Faculty of Creative Arts University of Wollongong II ABSTRACT Composers of Australian operas, in the decade from 1988 to 1998, have responded to social and political events through the medium of central characters. In each of the seven operas in the study, a character becomes the signifier of reflections on events and conditions that affect Australian society. The works selected are Andrew Schultz's Black River, Gillian Whitehead's The Bride of Fortune, Moya Henderson's Lindy - The Trial Scene, Richard Mills' Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, Alan John's The Eighth Wonder, Martin Wesley-Smith's Quito and Colin Bright's The Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior. These operas are studied in three groups to investigate issues that concern voices of women in the contemporary operatic genre, issues of cultural identity and issues of political protest. -
The Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior: Responses to an International Act of Terrorism
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NECTAR Journal of Postcolonial Cultures and Societies ISSN No. 1948-1845 (Print); 1948-1853 (Electronic) The sinking of the rainbow warrior: Responses to an international act of terrorism Janet Wilson Introduction: the Rainbow Warrior Affair The Rainbow Warrior affair, an act of sabotage against the flagship of the Greenpeace fleet, the Rainbow Warrior, when berthed at Marsden wharf in Auckland harbour on 10th July 1985, dramatised in unprecedented ways issues of neo-imperialism, national security, eco-politics and postcolonialism in New Zealand. The bombing of the yacht by French secret service agents effectively prevented its participation in a Nuclear Free Pacific campaign in which it was to have headed the Pacific Fleet Flotilla to Moruroa atoll protesting French nuclear testing. Outrage was compounded by tragedy: the vessel’s Portuguese photographer, Fernando Pereira, went back on board to get his camera after the first detonation and was drowned in his cabin following the second one. The evidence of French Secret Service (Direction Generale de la Securite Exterieure or DGSE) involvement which sensationally emerged in the following months, not only enhanced New Zealand’s status as a small nation and wrongful victim of French neo-colonial ambitions, it dramatically magnified Greenpeace’s role as coordinator of New Zealand and Pacific resistance to French bomb-testing. The stand-off in New Zealand –French political relations for almost a decade until French bomb testing in the Pacific ceased in 1995 notwithstanding, this act of terrorism when reviewed after almost 25 years in the context of New Zealand’s strategic and political negotiations of the 1980s, offers a focus for considering the changing composition of national and regional postcolonial alliances during Cold War politics. -
TRAVELS in the MINISTRY in Canadian Yearly Meeting
TRAVELS IN THE MINISTRY in Canadian Yearly Meeting JANUARY 10, 2004 - FEBRUARY 11, 2006 JOURNALS By Margaret Slavin CONTENTS Page Ontario Starting out 1 Yonge Street Monthly Meeting. 5 Simcoe-Muskoka Monthly Meeting at Orillia Worship Group 9 Guelph Worship Group 13 Kitchener Monthly Meeting 18 Lucknow Worship Group 22 Coldstream Monthly Meeting 28 YarmouthMonthlyMeeting 32 Pelham Executive Meeting 37 Peterborough Allowed Meeting 42 Wooler Monthly Meeting 49 Manitoba Winnipeg Worship Group (now: Allowed Meeting) 55 Alberta Edmonton Monthly Meeting 60 British Columbia Saanich Peninsula Monthly Meeting 67 Vancouver Monthly Meeting 73 Western Half-Yearly Meeting, etc. 79 Vernon Monthly Meeting, Argenta Monthly Meeting 84 Saskatchewan Regina Allowed Meeting 88 Quebec Montreal Monthly Meeting, Laurentian Worship Group 94 Saskatchewan Saskatoon Allowed Meeting 103 New Brunswick Canadian Yearly Meeting and unwinding in Fredericton 106 Hampton Worship Group 108 Fundy Friends Worship Group 113 Contents ii Nova Scotia Atlantic Friends and friends: Bedford, Dartmouth, Baie Verte, Scotsburn 118 Wolfville Monthly Meeting 124 New Brunswick Sackville Worship Group & New England / Atlantic Friends Gathering 129 Nova Scotia Halifax Friends Meeting & South Shore Worship Group 133 Ontario Thunder Bay Worship Group 141 British Columbia Visiting isolated Friends of South Kootenay Worship Group 146 Steveston, Coquitlam, North Burnaby Worship Groups 151 Visiting isolated Friends in Powell River (now a worship group) 157 North Island Worship Group CLVII Mid-Island Allowed Meeting 160 Alberta Calgary Monthly Meeting 163 Ontario Simcoe-Muskoka return visit Sr Grey Bruce Worship Group 169 Hamilton Monthly Meeting 174 Toronto Monthly Meeting 177 Thousand Islands Monthly Meeting 183 New Brunswick Fredericton Worship Group 187 Prince Edward Island P.E.I. -
Plakat: Greenpeace-Aktionen Und Erfolge 1971-2013
www.greenpeace.de Greenpeace-Aktionen und Erfolge 1971 bis 2013 1971 1983 1993 2007 Erste Aktion einer kleinen Gruppe von Umweltschützern Noch ein weiterer Erfolg: Die London Dumping Convention 200 Greenpeacer besetzen das ehemalige Salzbergwerk bei Mit der Studie „Plan B“ stellt Greenpeace ein fundiertes und Atomwaffengegnern, die sich „Greenpeace“ nennen: beschließt, für zehn Jahre keinen Atommüll mehr im Meer zu Morsleben, wo Atommüll eingelagert wird. ■ Die London Energie- und Klimaschutzkonzept für Deutschland bis 2020 Mit einem gecharterten Kutter „Phyllis Cormack“ fahren die versenken. ■ Start der Arbeit gegen Treibnetzfischerei und Dumping Convention verbietet die Entsorgung von radio- vor. Im Jahr darauf wird das Konzept bis 2050 erweitert. Männer aus Vancouver (Kanada) zur Westküste Alaskas, um der Antarktis-Kampagne: Greenpeace fordert einen aktivem Müll auf See. ■ Greenpeace zeigt mit einem Bericht, dass die hohe Nach- dort amerikanische Atombombenversuche zu verhindern. „Weltpark Antarktis“, um den Kontinent vor einem Ressour- frage nach Palmöl vieler Industrien wie z. B. der Kosmetik- Ihnen gelingt immerhin ein Aufschub des Tests, und cen-Abbau zu schützen. 1994 und Waschmittelbranche die Urwälder Indonesiens zerstört. „Greenpeace“ gewinnt viele Anhänger. Erfolge nach langer Kampagnenarbeit: Die Baseler Konven- Der artenreiche Wald wird für Palmöl-Monokulturen zerstört. 1984 tion verbietet Giftmüllexporte aus Industriestaaten nach ■ An deutschen Autobahnen stellen Greenpeacer Verkehrs- 1972 Das Greenpeace-Schiff „Sirius“ sperrt mit über Osteuropa und die Dritte Welt. ■ Die IWC richtet ein Schutz- schilder auf: „120 - Klimaschutz“. Ein Tempolimit auf deut- Mit der Yacht „Vega“ eines Bauunternehmers und 50 Fischkuttern die Pier der Gifttanker von Kronos-Titan. gebiet für Wale im Südpolarmeer ein, das seitdem wenig- schen Autobahnen ist längst überfällig. -
Greenpeace International Financial Statements 2014
GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL AND RELATED ENTITIES COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Year ended 31 December 2014 Contents Page: 2. Board report Combined Financial Statements 5. Combined Statement of Financial Position 6. Combined Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year 7. Combined Statement of Changes of Equity for the year 8. Combined Statement of Cash Flows for the year 9. Notes to the Combined Financial Statements Stichting Greenpeace Council Financial Statements 32. Stichting Greenpeace Council Statement of Financial Position 33. Stichting Greenpeace Council Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year 34. Stichting Greenpeace Council Statement of Changes of Equity for the year 35. Stichting Greenpeace Council Notes to the Financial Statements Other information 45. Appropriation of result 46. Independent auditors’ report 1 GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL & RELATED ENTITIES Board report 2014 Board Report The Board of Stichting Greenpeace Council and related entities hereby presents its financial statements for the year ended on 31 December 2014. General Information These financial statements refer to Greenpeace International (GPI) and related entities only. Greenpeace International is an independent, campaigning organisation which uses non-violent, creative confrontation to expose global environmental problems, and to promote the solutions which are essential to a green and peaceful future. Greenpeace's goal is to ensure the ability of the earth to nurture life in all its diversity. Greenpeace International monitors the organisational development of 26 independent Greenpeace organisations, oversees the development and maintenance of our the Greenpeace ships, enables global campaigns, and monitors compliance with core policies. The 26 independent Greenpeace National & Regional organisations are based across the globe. The National & Regional Organisations (NROs) are independent organisations who share common values and campaign together to expose and resolve global environmental problems.