Caenlochan SSSI
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Scottish Natural Heritage Archive Report No. 059 Site dossier for bryological interest – Caenlochan SSSI ARCHIVE REPORT Archive Report No. 059 Site dossier for bryological interest – Caenlochan SSSI For further information on this report please contact: David Genney Scottish Natural Heritage Great Glen House Leachkin Road INVERNESS IV3 8NW Telephone: 01463 725253 E-mail: [email protected] This report should be quoted as: Rothero, G.P. 2005. Site dossier for bryological interest – Caenlochan SSSI. Scottish Natural Heritage Archive Report No. 059. This report, or any part of it, should not be reproduced without the permission of Scottish Natural Heritage. This permission will not be withheld unreasonably. The views expressed by the author(s) of this report should not be taken as the views and policies of Scottish Natural Heritage. © Scottish Natural Heritage 2019. Archive Reports Scottish Natural Heritage is committed to making the findings of all of its research publicly available whenever possible. In the past, a number of reports from staff and contractors were produced as paper documents and lodged in the SNH library or file systems. Some related to Site Condition Monitoring, others covered a range of subjects. These were not published as Research Reports for a number of reasons. In order to make these reports more available, we have decided to publish them online under the series title of Archive Reports. These will be numbered consecutively in the order that they are prepared for web publication. Their publication date, authors and title will be recorded as presented in the original report. The Archive Reports will be published as scanned PDF files of the original reports. They have not been subject to any new editing, formatting or other changes, other than the cover, title page and this page. Many of the reports published as Archive Reports were produced by contractors and were originally intended as internal documents to inform our policy and advice. As a result they may contain historical information that is no longer current or accurate, and may contain views of contractors or staff which do not represent the current views and policy of SNH. Many of the reports published as Archive Reports were produced by contractors and were originally intended as internal documents to inform our policy and advice. As a result they may contain historical information that is no longer current or accurate, and may contain views of contractors or staff which do not represent the current views and policy of SNH. This report was commissioned by SNH as part of the Site Condition Monitoring (SCM) programme to assess the condition of special features (habitats, species populations or earth science interests) on protected areas in Scotland (Sites of Special Scientific Interest, Special Areas of Conservation, Special Protection Areas and Ramsar). Site Condition Monitoring is SNH’s rolling programme to monitor the condition of special features on protected areas, their management and wider environmental factors which contribute to their condition. The views expressed in the report are those of the contractor concerned and have been used by SNH staff to inform the condition assessment for the individual special features. Where the report recommends a particular condition for an individual feature, this is taken into account in the assessment process, but may not be the final condition assessment of the feature. Wider factors, which would not necessarily be known to the contractor at the time of the monitoring, are taken into consideration by SNH staff in making final condition assessments. Access permission was obtained from all those owning and managing the site. ARCHIVE REPORT Summary Site dossier for bryological interest – Caenlochan SSSI Archive Report No. 059 Contractor: Gordon Rothero Year of publication: 2019 Background Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) are designated on the basis of notified features of interest. These include habitats, species or geological features. Site Condition Monitoring (SCM) is a six year programme of assessment of the state of all notified features of interest on designated sites. Reporting is based on feature types and will be to common standards across the four UK country conservation agencies. This project addresses monitoring the bryophyte interest on Caenlochan SSSI, where they are a notified feature. The site is important for the assemblage of nationally rare bryophytes on the outcrops of calcareous rocks and screes and to a lesser extent in the snowbed vegetation and associated flushes. There is further bryophyte interest in some areas of dry acid crags and screes. Main findings The main bryophyte features of interest are: 1) the assemblage of bryophytes on the calcareous outcrops; 2) the areas of snowbed vegetation; 3) the springs and flushes, both those associated with meltwater from snow patches and stony, calcareous flushes; 4) the areas of acidic scree and some areas of acid crags. There are 32 nationally rare bryophytes recorded from the site with 27 of these being Red Data Book species, most of them from the calcareous rocks and screes. Of these, Saelania glaucescens has the largest of only two British sites here in Glen Clova, Eurhynchium pulchellum has its third British site and several other species with their only sites away from the Lawers range. The calcareous flushes are notable for the occurrence of Tayloria lingulata in three places with a good range of other scarce species and the variety of the more acidic flushes, including many with Sphagnum lindbergii, is possibly the finest in the UK. The snowbed areas on Glas Maol are not large but do have a good range of species including the nationally rare Brachythecium starkei. The site is in generally favourable condition for the bryophyte interest but there are areas of concern. A number of the rare calcicoles recorded for the site in the last 50 years have not been refound which is worrying. There is disturbance by grazing animals to flushes and snowbeds, albeit limited, but the damage by deer to the fragile ledges of the calcareous crags warrants concern. For further information on this project contact: David Genney, Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Leachkin Road, Inverness, IV3 8NW. Tel: 01463 725253 or [email protected] For further information on the SNH Research & Technical Support Programme contact: Research Coordinator, Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Leachkin Road, Inverness, IV3 8NW. Tel: 01463 725000 or [email protected] Site dossier for bryological interest Caenlochan SSSI Introduction Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) are designated on the basis of notified features of interest. These include habitats, species or geological features. Site Condition Monitoring (SCM) is a six year programme of assessment of the state of all notified features of interest on designated sites. Reporting is based on feature types and will be to common standards across the four UK country conservation agencies. This project addresses bryophyte monitoring on sites in Scotland, and covers all Scottish SSSIs where bryophytes are a notified feature. The nomenclature used in this report follows Blockeel and Long (1998). Site name: Caenlochan SSSI SNH area: Tayside Site notification: The section of the citation relevant to bryophytes says “A combination of high altitude, relatively continental climate and differing rock and soil types has led to the development of a wide range of plant communities……..The site supports an unusually large number of montane mosses, liverworts, lichens and invertebrates, including several rare species.” Surveyor: Gordon Rothero Date of survey: 2005 Previous surveys: This area has seen numerous visits by bryologists and there are many specimens in herbaria and some lists of species. However, the amount of useful information is rather limited, particularly as many of the lists include records made outside the boundary of the SSSI. Peter Pitkin surveyed part of the SSSI within the skiing area (Pitkin, 1980) and Rothero paid several visits to look at individual species as part of SNH’s Scottish Cryptogamic Conservation programme (Long & Rothero, 1995a, 1995b, Rothero 1997a, 1997b) and private visits to look at snowbed vegetation in 1994. Site description and limits of survey: Caenlochan SSSI is a very large upland site with frequent areas of crags and scree and an extensive, undulating plateau. To thoroughly survey the whole area would take many days so this survey and monitoring targeted those areas known to have interesting bryophytes. Essentially the site covers all the higher ground stretching from Glas Maol in the north-west to Driesh in the south-east and includes the crags and screes of Caenlochan Glen, Canness Glen, Coire Fee and Glen Doll plus the steep slopes of Coire Odhar on the north side of Glas Maol. Much of the bryophyte interest is linked to the outcrops of calcareous rock which occur in Caenlochan Glen, Coire Fee and Glen Doll and to flushes which derive water from such rocks, as in Coire Odhar. The crags of hornblende schist in Caenlochan Glen and in the Clova area are very rich but they often give way abruptly to acid crags which can be very dour indeed, some of the rocks in Canness Glen having virtually no rupestral bryophytes. Some of the rocks, while not being calcareous, have some mineral enrichment, and this can give an interesting flora. The slopes on Glas Maol and on the plateau are high enough to accumulate much snow in the winter and patches of this, on lee slopes and in incised valleys, persist into the summer giving area of snow-bed vegetation, although not on the scale of the Cairngorms proper or Lochnagar just to the north-east. All of the larger areas of 1 snow-bed vegetation were visited as were the considerable area of flushes associated with them. Starting in the north, the areas targeted were the flushes in Coire Odhar, the areas of late snow lie on Glas Maol and the flushes on the plateau ground between Glas Maol and Tom Buidhe.