MIDPHON 22 22ND MID-CONTINENTAL PHONETICS & PHONOLOGY CONFERENCE The Ohio State University September 29th to October 1st, 2017 Book of Abstracts MidPhon: A 3D Ultrasound Examination of the Place of Articulation of Arabic Voiceless Dorsal Fricatives Abdullah Alfaifi, Noor Abu-Mokh, Sarah Robinson, Sherman Charles, & Kenneth de Jong <
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[email protected]> Abstract: Sibawayh’s traditional description of the place of articulation of the voiceless dorsal fricative in Arabic classifies it as the same as /ʁ/ and /q/, resulting in its typical transcription as /χ/ (Al- Nassir, 1985). However, more recent, mostly impressionistic, examinations of Arabic varieties provide varied descriptions of the dorsal fricative /χ/ place of articulation, ranging from velar to uvular. Watson (2002) and Zawaydeh (1997) describe the standard Arabic voiceless fricative /χ/ as either velar or post-velar, depending on dialect. In Najdi Arabic, the same fricative is described as post-velar by Abboud (1978) and as uvular by Ingham (2008). Saiegh–Haddad (2003) describes it as uvular in Modern Standard Arabic, but McCarus (2008) describes the same Modern Standard phoneme as velar /x/. Hence, while some descriptions attribute this variation to dialectal differences, descriptions of the same dialect also vary. 3D ultrasound data were collected from six native speakers of different dialects of Arabic, one each from Syria, Palestine, Faifi (in Saudi Arabia), Egypt, Algeria, and Morocco. Apart from the dorsal fricatives, the corpus included productions of palatal, pharyngeal, and contrasting velar and uvular stops to provide comparative standards for various points of articulation. The Syrian speaker showed very similar articulations for /χ/ with uvular stops, while the other speakers variably showed a more anterior articulation between the velar and uvular stops.