Title Page.FH10
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
ISSN 1728-7715 JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING V l 8 2009 ARCHITECTURE FOR HOUSING VOLUME NINE 2010 JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Editorial Board S.F.A. Rafeeqi Noman Ahmed Anila Naeem Asiya Sadiq Polack Fariha Amjad Ubaid M. Fazal Noor Shabnam Nigar Mumtaz Editorial Associate Masooma M Shakir Editorial Assistant Talat Ansar Adam Abdulah Layout and Composition Mirza Kamran Baig Panel of Referees Arif Hasan (Architect and Planner, Hilal-e-Imtiaz) Arif Qayyum Butt (Ph. D., UK) Fauzia Qureshi (B.Arch. UET, Lahore; M. Arch. USA) Kamil Khan Mumtaz (ARIBA, Tamgha-e-Imtiaz) Mukhtar Husain (B. Arch, M. Arch., Turkey) Mahmood Hussain (Ph. D., UK) Saadia Fazli (M. Arch., M. CP, USA) Shahid Anwar Khan (Ph. D., AIT, Bangkok) Syed Zaigham Jaffery (B. Arch. UET Dhaka, M. Arch., USA) Michiel Dehaene (Ph.D., Professor, TUe, Eindhoven, Netherlands) Bruno De Meulder (Ph.D., Professor, K.U. Leuven, Belgium) Andre Loeckxe (Ph.D., Professor, K.U. Leuven, Belgium) Department of Architecture and Planning, Published by NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan. Printed by Khwaja Printers, Karachi. © Copyrights with the Editorial Board of the Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning CONTENTS Editors Note vii Morten Gjerde Evaluating Design Capabilities in Medium Density infill Housing in New 01 Zealand through Analysis of Entries to a Recent Competition Mahbubur Rahman An Approach to Sustainable Low-Income Housing 12 Jon Calame The Roma Community of Rome: Heirs to the Legacy of a Ghetto System 28 Samra Khan Mechanisms for Natural Ventilation in the Allah Buksh Sethi Haveli 38 Asiya Sadiq Gated Living in the Context of Karachi 50 Masooma M Shakir and Saeeduddin Ahmed Amreen Shahjahan Indigenous Rural Housing and its Indoor Thermal Performances beside the 65 Padma River Bank Areas Mukhtar M. Mai and Contrasting Housing Transformation in Core Dhaka and Peri-Urban Abuja 82 Mahbubur Rahman Repeat Publication Arif Hasan Planning for High Density in Low-Income Settlements Four Case Studies 95 Asiya Sadiq and from Karachi Suneela Ahmad Book Review Noman Ahmed The Architecture of Habib Fida Ali 120 Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning: Vol. 9, 2010 - Architectural for Housing i EDITORS NOTE The current issue of the journal is focused on the theme stated architecture of housing. Generally, housing is studied and researched from various stand points in the domain of built environment. Enabling strategies and options for less privileged communities, options in cost reduction, upgradation and adaptive re-use, mass and social housing ventures, self built initiatives and many a spread out approaches are covered in this broad realm. Due to the primary importance that is assigned to housing in respect to development, the demand of knowledge driven solutions has remained paramount. The theme architecture of housing has attempted to interlace the various dimensions that add value to the discourse in this direction. The paper by Morten Gjerde evaluates the design capabilities of concerned practices pertinent to infill housing in New Zealand. The study examines the key urban design and architectural amenity issues through a well laid down analytical yardstick, findings of which have been logically extrapolated. The results unpinned the need of shoring up the capabilities of design professionals as the complexities related to housing are several and increasing. A lucid review has been done by Mahbubur Rahman in his critical assessment of low income housing in the developing countries. Cardinal developments in policy and practice have been dwelled upon in this discourse. It shall be useful if researchers extrapolate the various arguments highlighted in this paper through empirical research in identified contexts, particularly in the developing countries. An impressive bibliography is also included in the paper. Jon Calame has delved deep into the social and physical labyrinths that remain at the baseline of ghetto formation in Rome. Issues concerning minimum applicable standards, ethnic profiles and preferences are dealt in sufficient detail in the paper. An important recommendation is the identification of need for exclusive byelaws, standards and regulations for this type of shelter format. Predicaments of ordinary shelter along the banks of Padma river in Bangladesh are highlighted by Amreen Shahjahan. The study covers the matters related to thermal comfort and vulnerabilities in the wake of recurring natural hazards. Housing profile and intervention are comparatively studied by Mukhtar Mai and Mahbubur Rahman in connection with Dhaka and Abuja (in Nigeria). With the help of case examples, the paper illustrates the social and physical evolution of respective urban contexts and spatial transformations. The characteristics of old traditional dwellings namely havelis by Samra Khan in her paper is a useful addition to knowledge on the subject. The study points out many useful attributes of natural ventilation that have been embedded in dwellings of similar typology. Whereas swift urbanization and demand for new uses is causing enormous pressure on older and traditional housing, the apparent merits that are included in this valuable artifact deserve to be preserved through a logical approach. Trend of gated communities in Pakistani urban centres particularly Karachi are rising. The paper by Asiya Sadiq et.al. has tracked down the core reasons behind this model of housing. The study critically examines the trend of gated communities with an objective to formulate recommendations for qualitative improvement. The comprehensive work on density by Arif Hasan et. al. proves that medium to high density standards have been achieved through incremental development upon small plots (80 100 m2). The paper recommends that the planners and policy makers should be sensitized to this key matter. It is also established that if appropriate density standards are maintained, the cost and provision of infrastructure can be greatly rationalized. This volume has attempted to delineate some of the vital areas of research and application in architecture for housing and its allied outreaches. It is hoped that this modest volume on the topic shall be of use to scholars, researchers and practitioners for its knowledge content and diverse perspectives. Editorial Board Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning: Vol. 9, 2010 - Architectural for Housing iii EVALUATING DESIGN CAPABILITIES IN MEDIUM DENSITY INFILL HOUSING IN NEW ZEALAND THROUGH ANALYSIS OF ENTRIES TO A RECENT COMPETITION Morten Gjerde School of Architecture, Victoria University, New Zealand ABSTRACT The profile of New Zealand housing has for some time been 1. INTRODUCTION dominated by the standalone suburban house. However, this pattern absorbs considerable land resources and leads to In future years, due to population growth and pressures on socially stagnant environments that are heavily dependent available urban land, many people will be living closer on private motorcars. For these reasons the largest cities in together than in the past. At the same time, the floor space New Zealand have declared limits to peripheral growth. of the average dwelling is expected to grow in size. Such limits, coupled with changes in lifestyle, lead naturally Apartment and townhouse living is part of this trend ..the to intensification of existing residential areas. Urban planning challenge for central and local government, together with and design objectives that underpin residential intensification the building industry, is to meet the shortfall with good are sound greater densities can provide for improved social quality medium density housing. opportunities, bolster economic circumstances to enable a greater range of services to be offered, and make better use Throughout its history the predominant type of housing in of existing physical infrastructure. However, experience New Zealand has been the detached, single family dwelling. shows that the built outcomes are patchy, and that many A house on a quarter acre [1,012 m2] section came to infill projects fall short of meeting expectations for on-site symbolise all that attracted early settlers to the country amenity, and/or appear to be at odds with the character of expansive countryside, opportunities for home ownership, the surrounding area. and opportunities for self determination. There can, however, be little doubt that New Zealanders will be living closer In late 2005, Housing New Zealand Corporation organised together in the future, with factors leading to changes in the an architectural design competition for comprehensive supply and demand sides of the housing market. On the redevelopment of a large site in the Auckland region. supply side, medium density housing [MDH] provides Research was conducted on the basis of this representative developers with economies of scale that are not possible in cross section of designers, with the aim of evaluating low density development scenarios. This is particularly achievement by New Zealand designers in terms of residential relevant in the New Zealand marketplace as government amenity and its suitability to the surrounding context. takes a largely hands-off approach to development. As local governments act to curtail endless sprawl, the supply of A review of literature, including the design brief and a cheap land in peripheral areas will quickly dry up. To number of design guides for infill