DOCSLIB.ORG

Kamil Khan Mumtaz in Pakistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kamil Khan Mumtaz in Pakistan A Contemporary Architectural Quest and Synthesis: Kamil Khan Mumtaz in Pakistan by Zarminae Ansari Bachelor of Architecture, National College of Arts, Lahore, Pakistan, 1994. Submitted to the Department of Architecture in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architecture Studies at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 1997 Zarminae Ansari, 1997. All Rights Reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. A uthor ...... ................................................................................. .. Department of Architecture May 9, 1997 Certified by. Attilio Petruccioli Aga Khan Professor of Design for Islamic Culture Thesis Supervisor A ccep ted b y ........................................................................................... Roy Strickland Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Students Department of Architecture JUN 2 0 1997 Room 14-0551 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Ph: 617.253.2800 MIT Libraries Email: [email protected] Document Services http://Ilibraries.mit.eduldocs DISCLAIMER OF QUALITY Due to the condition of the original material, there are unavoidable flaws in this reproduction. We have made every effort possible to provide you with the best copy available. If you are dissatisfied with this product and find it unusable, please contact Document Services as soon as possible. Thank you. Some pages in the original document contain color / grayscale pictures or graphics that will not scan or reproduce well. Readers: Ali Asani, (John L. Loeb Associe e Professor of the Humanities, Harvard Univer- sity Faculty of Arts and Sciences). Sibel Bozdogan, (Associate Professor of Architecture, MIT). Hasan-ud-din Khan, (Visiting Associate Professor, AKPIA, MIT). 2 Acknowledgments For making this thesis possible, indeed, for their part in my architectural journey, for mak- ing it possible for me to reach MIT, I would like to thank the following people: - Mr. A. A. Ansari, Deputy Director General, Archaeological Survey of India: my Opa, who I regretfully never met, but is always an inspiration; - My parents, Anjum and Rana Naeem, and my family; specially my mother due to whose sacrifices toward a daughter's education, I am here; - Mr. Sikander Ghulam Ali, who helped me begin the journey to Lester B. Pearson Col- lege of the Pacific, Canada, and beyond; - My professors and friends at the National College of Arts, Lahore, Pakistan; specially Taimoor D.A. Mumtaz for his invaluable help. - My friends at MIT, Shehla Imran, Pratap Talwar, and specially Rajive Chaudhry. - Mr. William O' Reilly, at the Aga Khan Award Geneva office. - I would like to thank my professors at MIT and Harvard specially Nasser Rabat, Sibel Bozdogan and Ali Asani whose courses were eye openers, and Hasan-ud-din Khan for his insightful comments. Finally it is my privilege to thank the two people without whom this thesis really would not have been possible: Kamil Khan Mumtaz, for his patience and graciously taking time out to help me; and Attilio Petruccioli: I will always be grateful for his good humor, helpful enthusiasm, and "inventiveness". 4 A Contemporary Architectural Quest and Synthesis: Kamil Khan Mumtaz in Pakistan by Zarminae Ansari Submitted to the Department of Architecture on May 9, 1997, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architecture Studies Abstract This thesis looks at an important Pakistani architect's work and philosophy as a possible direction or approach for contemporary architecture in Pakistan. Although there are more prolific builders in Pakistan, Kamil Khan Mumtaz (KKM) of Lahore, is one of the most important and influential figures in architectural education and the architectural discourse in Pakistan. He has tried to synthesize both pragmatic and philo- sophical aspects of architecture. Kamil Khan Mumtaz was trained in the Modern Movement at Architectural Association, London. His initial exposure to indigenous Architecture made him question the validity of his training. He started to search for a more appropriate architectural idiom for Pakistan. Throughout his career, he has been a pioneer in the movement for conservation of architectural heritage and raising standards of architectural design in Paki- stan through different organizations he has founded and is member of. This thesis looks at three stages of evolution in the architects background, discourse and work; relating it to its cultural milieu. The first phase describes the state of architecture in Pakistan when he returns from the Architectural Asso- ciation, London, and the events leading up to the situation. The background is a period of nation building following Independence and Partition and a lack of adequate architectural education in Pakistan. His early buildings reflect his Modernist training and social concerns. The second phase looks at his growing concerns with appropriate technology, and interest in indigenous building techniques and crafts. This is the period of Islamic nationalism and the Islamization program dur- ing the military regime of General Zia. The last phase, is the recent and contemporary situation, where global culture meets the deep rooted rem- nants of fundamentalism fanned by Zia's regime. At this time his architecture is an attempt at synthesis of modern technology and local craft with his own interest in spiritual aspects of architecture.KKM's most rep- resentative work in each of these phases will be discussed with reference to his architectural agenda at the time. Other issues raised, while assessing the work of Kamil Khan Mumtaz, are issues of regionalism relating to the evolution of his architecture. If critical regionalism is considered the preferred choice, or alternative, of architectural approach specially in Islamic and/ or developing countries, how well does KKM's work fit into that context? Finally, it explores his importance as an architect, educator and intellectual in terms of his influence on contemporary architecture in Pakistan. Thesis Supervisor: Attilio Petruccioli Title: Aga Khan Professor of Design for Islamic Culture CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION Introducing contemporary architecture in Pakistan Methodology, Data Sources and Purpose Nationalism And Identity Architecture education in Pakistan National College of Arts Architects background----------- 2. DISCOURSE 2.1- Modernist/ social concerns; (Systems buildings) 28 2.2- Regional Approach ----------- 33 2.3- Anjuman Mimaran -------------- 37 2.6-The Aga Khan Awards ------------- 42 2.4- The Role of Crafts in Spiritual Context 45 3. PROJECTS 3.1- Search for appropriate technology - Kot Karamat Village -- -- 55 - Architects Residence 62 3.2- Exploration of traditional crafts - Sonu Rehman's Residence 64 - Residences in Lahore 66 3.3 - Synthesis of technology and craft - Dar-ul-Hikmat 68 - Chandbagh School 72 4. ASSESSMENT 4.1- Contemporary Synthesis; Spiritual approach 79 4.2 - His Influence 84 4.3 - Economic 87 4.4 - Discourse 89 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY 101 6. ILLUSTRATION CREDITS 105 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introducing Contemporary Architecture In Pakistan Fifty years after Independence, Pakistan is still grappling with the nature of its existencel as secular or religious, and therefore its identity. There is, not surprisingly, no agreement concerning the source of this identity, and its validation. Issues surrounding this pervade most civil life, and this is equally true of architecture. In October 1993, at the end of a seminar on Contemporary Architecture in Pakistan2, an architecture student expressed the general feeling among the student delegation present, and said that at the end of the day's proceedings, she felt confused, and like the child of disputing parents- "I don't know where to turn or which movement to adopt....".3 The statement was telling of another fact: the general tendency "to adopt" a movement, or turn to ready-made solutions of imposed principles. Three years later, architect Kamil Khan Mumtaz in reply to what constitutes a "Pakistani" identity in architecture, called it a "manifest confusion". 4 With limited and selective exposure to international architectural discourse, no critical architectural journal evaluating their work, most contemporary architects in Pakistan have evolved a style of architecture that KKM refers to as "irresponsible".5 1."What do Pakistanis really want?" Survey in Herald Magazine, Karachi, January 1997. 2. The seminar was organized by Kamil Khan Mumtaz and volunteers for the Anjuman Mimaran, a society builders and architects of which he is a founder member. 3. Ansari, Z.; "Barefoot, Traditional, Modern or Populist?" report on seminar proceedings in, The Frontier Post, October 22, 1993. 4. KKM Interview, January 1996. 5. Ibid. This is a matter of greater significance than just exasperation and/ or bewilderment of an intellectual elite at the commercial and popular architecture'. Pakistan faces the typical problems of a developing nation. On the urban and architectural level, these are densifi- cation due to the ever increasing economic pull of the urban centers and a population explosion leading to infrastructure deficiency and socio-political crises. These develop- ment issues are juxtaposed against a desire to assert a political and cultural identity. Architectural identity on a national and regional level, and housing and sustainable archi- tecture from the global and environmental
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Husain Haqqani 154 Bay State Road Department of International Relations Email: [email protected] CAS IR 586 Islam in South Asian P
    Husain Haqqani 154 Bay State Road Department of International Relations Email: [email protected] CAS IR 586 Islam in South Asian Politics Fall 2013 Tuesday 12:30- 3:30 pm Course Guide This course will examine the relations between the State, Politics, and Islam in South Asia and their impact on international relations. Islam became the defining element of a Pakistani identity after the partition of British India in 1947. It continues to have a strong influence on South Asian politics, especially in relation to unresolved regional conflicts over Kashmir and to some extent in Afghanistan. Pakistanis consider the dispute concerning Kashmir an unsolved question of the partition of British India in 1947 and lay claim to the territory because the vast majority of the population is Muslim. India, a secular state, views the Kashmir question as legally settled, and it too claims the whole territory, which is at present divided along a cease fire line. Pakistan has backed Islamist insurgents in Indian-controlled Kashmir in an effort to force India’s hand. India and Pakistan both have nuclear weapons, which make war and peace between them a global concern. In Afghanistan, U.S. backed Mujahideen fought the Soviet forces in Afghanistan during the 1980s, fell into civil war once the Soviets left and were replaced by the Taliban, who claimed they were uniting the country under the banner of Islam’s prophet. The Taliban were ousted from power through U.S. military force after 9/11 and the U.S. is playing a critical role with the intention of rebuilding Afghanistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Government of Pakistan Ministry of Federal Education & Professional
    Government of Pakistan Ministry of Federal Education & Professional Training ********* INTRODUCTION: • In the wake of 18th Amendment to the Constitution the concurrent list stands abolished. Subjects of Education and Health etc. no longer remain in the purview of the Federal Government. Therefore, the Ministries of Education, Health and fifteen other ministries were devolved from 5th April, 2011 to 30th June, 2011. • Entry-16 of Part 1 of Federal Legislative list reads as follows: “Federal Agencies and Institutes for the following purposes that is to say, for research, for professional and technical training, or for the promotion of special studies” will be organized by the Federal Government. • Therefore, the Federal Agencies and Institutes imparting professional and technical training and research have been retained by the Federal Government. • To cater for the educational, professional and technical training requirements of the country after devolution, the Government has taken a very timely decision by creating a dedicated Ministry for the purpose. • The Ministry of Professional & Technical Training was notified on 29th July, 2011. Later on, the Ministry has been re-named as Ministry of Education, Trainings and Standards in Higher Education. Finally, on the recommendations of CCI the Ministry has now been renamed as Ministry Federal Education & Professional Training. Presently following departments/organizations are working under administrative control of the Ministry of Federal Education & Professional Training:- S.No. Name of Departments/Organizations 1. Higher Education Commission (HEC) 2. National Vocational & Technical Education Commission (NAVTEC) 3. National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) 4. Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (FBISE) 5. National Education Foundation (NEF) 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Passports to Privilege: the English-Medium Schools in Pakistan
    Peace and Democracy in South Asia, Volume 1, Number 1, January 2005. PASSPORTS TO PRIVILEGE: THE ENGLISH-MEDIUM SCHOOLS IN PAKISTAN TARIQ RAHMAN _____________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Based on two recent surveys of some selected urban areas of Pakistan, the author draws interesting conclusions in this article about the English-medium schools in Pakistan. The elites of the country have long realized the power of the English language and have even institutionalized the process of acquiring the same. As seen elsewhere in South Asia, the English-speaking elites of the country profess one thing about their national languages and practise something else for their own children. The craving for excellence in English language as a tool for a more successful life is not confined to the city elites but has penetrated the army, the air force, and the naval branches of a country that has frequently been ruled by army generals. It is also clear from this article that the privileged children of Pakistan are westernised in terms of lifestyle and liberal in attitude towards India, although after joining the state, they are seen supporting the militaristic policies of the state. _____________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION English is the official language of Pakistan. It is used in all domains of power - government, bureaucracy, military, judiciary, commerce, media, education and research - at the highest level. Because it is empowering to learn English, people all over the country are ready to invest in it for the future of their children. Because of this demand, all over the cities of Pakistan one can see boards advertising institutions which claim to be English-medium schools or tuition ‘centres’ claiming to teach spoken English and English for passing all kinds of examinations and interviews.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter-Ii Historical Background of Public Schools
    C H APTER -II HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS 2.0 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS The purpose of this chapter is to give an account of historical back­ ground of Public Schools, both in England and in India. It is essential to know the origin and development of Public Schools in England, as Public Schools in India had been transplanted from England. 2.1 ORIGIN OF THE TERM PUBLIC SCHOOL The term 'Public School' finds its roots in ancient times. In ancient time kings and bishops used to run the schools for the poor. No fee was charged. All used to live together. It was a union of 'classes'. The expenses were met by public exchequer. Thus the name was given to these schools as Public Schools. 2.2 ESTABLISHMENT OF FIRST PUBLIC SCHOOLS William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester established 'Saint Marie College' at Winchester in 1382. This foundation made a crucial departure from previous practice and thus, has a great historical importance. All the previous schools had been ancillary to other establishments; they Kod been established as parts of cathedrals, collegiate churches, monasteries, chantries, hospitals or university colleges. The significance of this college is its independent nature. 17 Its historian, A.F. Leach says "Thus for the first time a school was established as a sovereign and independent corporation, existing by and for itself, self-centered and self-governed."^ The foundation of Winchester College is considered to be the origin of the English Public School because of three conditions: 1. Pupils were to be accepted from anywhere in England (though certain countries had priority).
    [Show full text]
  • Finding the Way (WILL)
    A handbook for Pakistan's Women Parliamentarians and Political Leaders LEADING THE WAY By Syed Shamoon Hashmi Women's Initiative for Learning & Wi Leadership She has and shel willl ©Search For Common Ground 2014 DEDICATED TO Women parliamentarians of Pakistan — past, present and aspiring - who remain committed in their political struggle and are an inspiration for the whole nation. And to those who support their cause and wish to see Pakistan stand strong as a This guidebook has been produced by Search For Common Ground Pakistan (www.sfcg.org/pakistan), an democratic and prosperous nation. international non-profit organization working to transform the way the world deals with conflict away from adversarial approaches and towards collaborative problem solving. The publication has been made possible through generous support provided by the U.S. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (DRL), under the project titled “Strengthening Women’s Political Participation and Leadership for Effective Democratic Governance in Pakistan.” The content of this publication is sole responsibility of SFCG Pakistan. All content, including text, illustrations and designs are the copyrighted property of SFCG Pakistan, and may not be copied, transmitted or reproduced, in part or whole, without the prior consent of Search For Common Ground Pakistan. Women's Initiative for Learning & Wi Leadership She has and shel willl ©Search For Common Ground 2014 DEDICATED TO Women parliamentarians of Pakistan — past, present and aspiring - who remain committed in their political struggle and are an inspiration for the whole nation. And to those who support their cause and wish to see Pakistan stand strong as a This guidebook has been produced by Search For Common Ground Pakistan (www.sfcg.org/pakistan), an democratic and prosperous nation.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACTS Conference on the Music of South, Central and West Asia Harvard University, March 4-6, 2016
    ABSTRACTS Conference on the Music of South, Central and West Asia Harvard University, March 4-6, 2016 Margarethe Adams, SUNY Stony Brook In a State of Belief: Korean Church Performance in Kazakhstan The postsecular may be less a new phase of cultural development than it is a working through of the problems and contradictions in the secularization process itself (Dunn 2010:92). Critical theorist, Allen Dunn describes the skepticism of the enlightenment and the disenchantment of modern society as inherently negative. But for those who lived during the Soviet era, the negative aspects of secularization (the closing of mosques, synagogues, and churches; the persecution of religious leaders, and more) were accompanied by a powerfully optimistic ideology with a strong social message promising widespread social change. The Soviet State may not have swept all its citizens along in its optimism, but its departure, after seventy years, left a palpable ideological void. This paper will examine one of the many imported religious institutions that flooded into Central Asia after the fall of the Soviet Union Korean evangelical worship. In this study, based on ethnographic research conducted between 2004 and 2015, I examine Korean church-going practices over the past decade in Almaty, Kazakhstan, particularly focusing on dance, gesture, and musical performance during worship and in holiday celebrations. I seek to clarify how transnational networks are implicated in religious institutions in postsecular Central Asia. Transnationalist discourse figures prominently in interviews with congregation members, both in discussion of family ties to Korea, and in the ways they link the aesthetic choices of gesture to imported styles of worship.
    [Show full text]
  • Lockwood Kipling: Arts and Crafts in the Punjab and London Supported by the Friends of the V&A 14 January – 2 April 2017 Admission Free Vam.Ac.Uk/Kipling
    News Release Lockwood Kipling: Arts and Crafts in the Punjab and London Supported by the Friends of the V&A 14 January – 2 April 2017 Admission free vam.ac.uk/kipling The Victoria and Albert Museum has collaborated with the Bard Graduate Center, New York, to present the first exhibition exploring the life and work of Lockwood Kipling (1837 – 1911), an artist, teacher, curator and influential figure in the Arts and Crafts movement. Lockwood Kipling was a social campaigner for the preservation of Indian crafts, a craftsman whose terracotta panels can still be seen on the exterior of the V&A and was an illustrator of books by his son, the renowned writer Rudyard Kipling. Lockwood Kipling: Arts and Crafts in the Punjab and London explores the history of the V&A’s collections through the life of Lockwood Kipling who played a significant role in shaping the foundation collection. Highlights include paintings of the Indian section of the Great Exhibition, Lockwood Kipling’s own sketches of Indian craftspeople observed during his time living in India, objects he selected in India for the V&A, designs and illustrations for books, and furniture designed for royal residences Bagshot Park and Osborne. Lockwood Kipling, born in Yorkshire in 1837, began his career as a designer and architectural sculptor. At a young age he was inspired by a visit to the 1851 Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace where he saw Indian objects that were later purchased as part of the founding collections of the V&A. The exhibition includes some of these best examples of Indian craftsmanship displayed there such as a bracelet of enamelled gold set with diamonds, a purple woven silk prayer carpet and a sword and helmet.
    [Show full text]
  • Language, Religion and Politics: Urdu in Pakistan and North India / 93
    Language, Religion and Politics: Urdu in Pakistan and North India / 93 Tariq Rahman* Language, Religion and Politics: Urdu in Pakistan and North India Résumé. Langue, religion et politique : l’ourdou au Pakistan et dans le nord de l’Inde. L’ourdou, langue nationale du Pakistan et symbole identitaire des Indiens musulmans est associée à l’islam en Asie du sud. Cette association a été forgée pendant la période coloniale britannique. Les Britanniques ont remplacé le persan - langue du pouvoir moghol - par l’our- dou (aux échelons inférieurs) et l’anglais (aux échelons supérieurs) dans plusieurs régions du nord de l’Inde et de l’actuel Pakistan. L’ourdou s’est diffusé par le biais des réseaux scolaires et de communication dans l’Inde coloniale. Il devint le principal médium d’instruction dans les séminaires musulmans (madrasa-s) et la principale langue des écrits religieux. L’ourdou est également devenu un symbole important de l’identité musulmane et a contribué, juste après l’islam, à mobiliser la communauté musulmane pour demander la création du Pakistan en 1947. Au Pakistan, l’ourdou et l’islam sont des composantes symboliques importantes de l’identité nationale et s’opposent à l’expression des langues autochtones. Cette identité est principalement défendue par les partis politiques de droite et se positionne comme opposée non seulement aux identifications ethniques mais également à une identité occidentale plus globalisée et libérale qui serait symbolisée par l’anglais. En Inde cependant, l’ourdou soutient la minorité musulmane contre la domination hindoue nationaliste. De fait, l’ourdou, dans sa relation avec l’islam, joue un rôle complexe et parfois contradictoire au Pakistan et au nord de l’Inde.
    [Show full text]
  • PAKISTAN NEWS DIGEST a Selected Summary of News, Views and Trends from Pakistani Media
    November 2015 PAKISTAN NEWS DIGEST A Selected Summary of News, Views and Trends from Pakistani Media Prepared by Ashish Shukla & Manzoor Ahmed Bhat (Research Assistants, Pakistan Project, IDSA) PAKISTAN NEWS DIGEST NOVEMBER 2015 A Select Summary of News, Views and Trends from the Pakistani Media Prepared by Ashish Shukla & Manzoor Ahmad Bhat (Pak-Digest, IDSA) INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE STUDIES AND ANALYSES 1-Development Enclave, Near USI Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi-110010 Pakistan News Digest, November 2015 PAKISTAN NEWS DIGEST, NOVEMBER 2015 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... 2 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS .......................................................................... 3 NATIONAL POLITICS ................................................................................... 3 PROVINCIAL POLITICS ................................................................................ 4 EDITORIALS AND OPINIONS ..................................................................... 7 FOREIGN POLICY ................................................................................................ 8 ECONOMIC ISSUES ...........................................................................................21 FISCAL ISSUES ............................................................................................. 21 INVESTMENT ............................................................................................... 21 SECURITY SITUATION .....................................................................................25
    [Show full text]
  • Duke-UNCCH Religion & Science Symposium
    Duke-UNCCH Religion & Science Symposium KENAN-BIDDLE GRANT PROPOSAL Abdul Latif, Duke Class of 2016 Tafadzwa Matika, UNC-CH Class of 2016 Kehaan H Manjee, Duke Class of 2016 Advisor: Dr. Christy Lohr Sapp, Associate Dean of Religious Life, Duke University October 21st 2013 Duke-UNCCH Religion & Science Symposium EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Religion and Science are two subjects that heavily impact society. The relationship between the two is often tenuous, but always worth noting. Educational policy in many countries is affected by the perceived conflict between religion and science. Scientific biomedicine and traditional religious medicine interact with each other around the globe. Many students at universities like Duke and UNC grapple with reconciling their faith and their scientific studies. The Duke-UNC Religion and Science Symposium will provide a platform for professors interested in the intersection of the two subjects to present their findings, while also allowing students struggling with the subjects to raise their voices. The symposium aims to promote collaboration between Duke’s Religion department and UNC’s Religious Studies department, while also reaching out to other interdisciplinary departments/institutions at the two schools. It also aims to bring members of both student bodies together for intellectually stimulating discussions. Duke and UNC house America’s top religious studies departments, which puts us in a unique position to tap into the vast knowledge they have with regards to our topic of discussion. Various Duke and UNC faculty, students, and alums have already demonstrated interest in the field, including Dr. Randall Styers (Magic, Religion, and Science; Religion and Secularism), Dr. Ebrahim Moosa (Neurohumanities, Islam), UNC Alumni and Director of NIH Francis Collins.
    [Show full text]
  • History, Narrative, and the Female Figure (As Disruption) / Rizvi 35 Guises Himself in Jayida’S Clothes to Deceive Her Husband
    Shahzia Sikander began studying painting at the National of great artists. Like poetry, paintings were incorporated College of Arts in Lahore, working closely with Bashir into the performative rituals of the court, where the Ahmad, a master of the art of manuscript illustration. The cognoscenti gathered to admire and evaluate the works History, Narrative, “miniature,” as the genre he taught is sometimes referred of art. to, places Sikander’s work in a lineage that is at once Lahore was well known in the sixteenth and sev- local and historically grounded. Although once perceived enteenth centuries as one of the capitals of the Mughal and the by Euro-American scholars as conventional and repeti- Empire, with a magnificent fort, mosques, and gardens. tive, early modern illustrated manuscripts and drawings— The imperial household included talented scribes, poets, the foundation of Sikander’s practice—are now under- and artists from across India. Among the most well Female Figure stood to be a platform for innovation and artistic virtuos- known were Miskin (active ca. 1580–1604) and Basawan ity. Her paintings are in fact imbedded within a complex (active ca. 1580–1600), both of whom were extolled by tradition of art-making, with its strategies of allegory, narration, and appropriation. They build on past prece- dents and are made contemporary through their subject matter and through her rendition, scaled up or down and translated to other media, such as animation. Sikander’s perspective is informed by the social, political, and reli- gious cultures of her home in Lahore, while reflecting her participation in the broader art world of New York, her current residence.
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Foreign Relations Committee
    SENATE OF PAKISTAN PAKISTAN WORLDVIEW Report - 21 SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE Visit to Azerbaijan December, 2008 http://www.foreignaffairscommittee.org List of Contents 1. From the Chairman’s Desk 5 2. Executive Summary 9-14 3. Members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Delegation to Azerbaijan 17 4. Verbatim record of the meetings held in Azerbaijan: Meeting with Pakistan-Azerbaijan Friendship Group 21-24 Meeting with Permanent Commission of the Milli Mejlis for International and Inter-Parliamentary Relations 25-26 Meeting with Permanent Commission of the Milli Mejlis for Social Affairs 27 Meeting with Permanent Commission of the Milli Mejlis for Security and Defence 28-29 Meeting with Chairman of the Milli Mejlis (National Assembly) 30-34 Meeting with Vice Chairman of New Azerbaijan Party 35-37 Meeting with Minister for Industry and Energy 38-40 Meeting with President of the Republic of Azerbaijan 41-44 Meeting with the Foreign Minister 45-47 Meeting with the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan 48-50 5. Appendix: Pakistan - Azerbaijan Relations 53-61 Photo Gallery of the Senate Foreing Relations Committee Visit to Azerbaijan 65-66 6. Profiles: Profiles of the Chairman and Members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee 69-76 Profiles of the Committee Officials 79-80 03 Visit to Azerbaijan From the Chairman’s Desk The Report on Senate Foreign Relations Committee visit to Azerbaijan is of special significance. Azerbaijan emerged as an independent country in 1991 with the breakup of Soviet Union, along with five other Central Asian states. Pakistan recognized it shortly after its independence and opened diplomatic relations with resident ambassadors in the two capitals.
    [Show full text]