Georgia's Offshore Artificial Reefs

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Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 60

A GUIDE TO GEORGIA’S OFFSHORE ARTIFICIAL REEFS Including the Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary & U.S. Navy TACS Towers

Free Copy – Not for Sale Published September 2001

Disclaimer: “This information is intended as a general guide to artificial reef sites off the Georgia coast and is not intended for use as a navigational guide for offshore and coastal waters.”

Illustrations by: Diane Rome Peebles Graphic Design by: BroadBased Communications, Inc.

Georgia Department of Natural Resources Coastal Resources Division 1 Conservation Way, Suite 300 Brunswick, Georgia 31520-8687 This publication was developed and printed by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, using recreational fishing license funds. Telephone: (912) 264-7218 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 2

Table of Contents

Introduction ...... 4 USCG Buoys ...... 12 Navy Towers ...... 13 Coastal Chart ...... 14 Artificial Reefs ...... 16

Artificial Reef A ...... 16 Artificial Reef ALT ...... 18 Artificial Reef BH ...... 20 Artificial Reef BL ...... 22 Artificial Reef C ...... 24 Artificial Reef CAT ...... 26 Artificial Reef CCA ...... 28 Artificial Reef DRH ...... 30 Artificial Reef DUA ...... 32 Artificial Reef F ...... 34 Artificial Reef G ...... 36 Artificial Reef J ...... 38 Artificial Reef KBY ...... 40 Artificial Reef KC ...... 42 Artificial Reef KTK ...... 44 Artificial Reef L ...... 46 Artificial Reef MRY ...... 48 Artificial Reef SAV ...... 50 Artificial Reef SFC ...... 52 Artificial Reef TC ...... 54 Artificial Reefs WW & DW ...... 56 Gray’s Reef ...... 58

Fish Information Index Round Scad ...... 17 Greater Amberjack ...... 39 Cobia ...... 19 Vermilion Snapper ...... 41 Crevalle Jack ...... 21 Gray Triggerfish ...... 43 Bluefish ...... 23 Black Sea Bass ...... 45 Gag ...... 25 Scamp ...... 47 Spanish Mackerel ...... 27 Tomtate ...... 49 King Mackerel ...... 29 Little Tunny ...... 51 Red Snapper ...... 31 Red Porgy ...... 53 Spottail Pinfish ...... 33 Atlantic Spadefish ...... 55 Sheepshead ...... 35 Dolphin ...... 57 Great Barracuda ...... 37 Sailfish ...... 59

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Offshore Georgia Artificial/ Most anglers know fish Manmade Reefs aren’t caught everywhere: Early anglers venturing off Georgia knew that excellent they’re usually taken at fishing for grouper, snapper, black sea bass, and other specific “drops.” Fish gamefish could be experienced closer to shore at scattered congregate where conditions nearshore wrecks and wherever the bottom provided a solid favor them or their prey. For footing above the shifting sands. Based on these many species, bottom observations, coastal sportfishing groups realized that they structures provide shelter could deploy materials in Georgia’s offshore waters to from currents and predators. provide the solid structure needed to establish additional For others, the invertebrates and smaller fish associated with Fish like this “drops” or “artificial” reefs. bottom structures improve chances of obtaining a meal. sheepshead use The concept of placing materials in coastal waters to reefs for Off Georgia, the continental shelf slopes gradually shelter, as well create artificial reefs is not a new one. As early as the 1700’s, eastward for over 80 miles before reaching the Gulf Stream as for food. Japanese fishermen were sinking old vessels and offloading and the continental slope. This broad, shallow shelf consists rocks in local waters to improve catches. Over 100 years largely of dynamic sand/shell expanses that do not provide ago, South Carolinians placed wooden, crib-like structures in the firm foundation needed for the development of reef estuarine waters to improve catches of sheepshead and communities, which include popular gamefish such as other fish. groupers, snappers, sea bass, and amberjack. Only about Despite its popular usage, the term “artificial” reef may be 5% of the adjacent shelf features natural reefs or “live somewhat of a misnomer. While the foundation of an bottoms” anchored to rock outcrops, most of which occur artificial reef may consist of manmade structures, the more than 40 miles offshore. biological community that establishes itself on these materials is very “natural.” Off Georgia, where natural reefs are not based on coral, but rather on rock outcroppings, this distinction may be even less, Tomtate feeding depending on the type of on reefs in turn manmade material deployed. provide prey for large gamefish.

Surplused steel vessels and tanks are popular materials on Georgia’s artificial reefs.

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communities of corals, Artificial Reef Georgia’s Offshore Artificial Reefs sponges, hydroids, mollusks, Manmade Materials worms, and crabs, artificial materials provide a reefs also create n order to provide foundation for opportunities for other natural reef long-term benefits, I communities, wildlife. Threatened artificial reef materials including corals, must be stable, long- loggerhead sea turtles utilize sponges, and crabs. lasting, and free of the reefs for resting and contaminants. shelter. Marine mammals Complexity and the such as dolphins frequent the amount of surface area artificial reefs. Seabirds feed on the schools of are other important small baitfish attracted to the artificial reefs. factors. Holes and Whether pipes, rubble, or designed units, openings permit light concrete is an excellent artificial reef material. Artificial Reef Locations entry and water flow. Early artificial reef construction off Georgia Most of the artificial reefs off Georgia’s coast are located A variety of materials was accomplished largely through the efforts 6-23 nautical miles (nm) offshore in 30'-75' water depths. Two have been used in the of coastal sport fishermen. Although short- experimental “deepwater” artificial reefs have also been development of initiated in 120'-170' water depths 50-70 nm offshore to Georgia’s offshore term benefits were realized, the materials address a growing “bluewater” fishery targeting tunas, artificial reefs, ranging quickly deteriorated and were lost. In 1970, wahoo, and dolphin. from “materials of the Georgia State Game and Fish opportunity” to specially Commission initiated a State artificial reef Where an artificial reef is sited is determined by a designed fisheries development program. Today, the program is variety of factors. One of the most important is water enhancement units. housed within the Coastal Resources depth, which in turn dictates the size and type of Although artificial reef Division of the Georgia Department of reef material that can be used without affecting development is not Natural Resources. Funding for the program navigational interests. Wave action in shallow intended to simply relies on the Federal Aid in Sport Fish waters is more pronounced, increasing sand provide a convenient Restoration program, state appropriations, movement and siltation. The composition of the bottom disposal option for and the assistance of sport fishing clubs, is an important consideration, especially closer to problematic materials coastal businesses, and private individuals. shore where the substrate largely consists of fine ashore, some scrap Goals of Georgia’s artificial reef program sand and silt. Other important factors that determine the materials such as include: 1) the development of long-term siting of an artificial reef are socio-economic, including concrete rubble and fisheries habitat; 2) the creation of additional angler characteristics, preferred fish species, steel vessels can be and more accessible recreational fishing accessibility, demand, existing opportunities, and user used effectively to opportunities; and 3) the enhancement and group conflicts. create long-term support of local and regional fisheries fisheries habitat and management efforts. Buoying recreational In addition to the benefits realized by opportunities. Permitted through the United States Coast Guard, anglers, fish, and the attached reef all-yellow nun buoys with RADAR reflectors are 6 7 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 8

state regulations may be obtained by contacting Coastal Safety Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources at (912) 264-7218. mart fishermen know that their first priority is safety, which All of Georgia’s offshore artificial reefs beyond 3 nm have S takes on even more meaning when venturing offshore. Prior to also been established as “Special Management Zones departing, make sure that the boat, engines, controls, pumps, (SMZs)”. Under this designation, only handheld hook-and- electronics, safety gear, and communications equipment are in good line gear and spearfishing gear, including powerheads, may working order and that you are familiar with their use. Ensure that be used at the artificial reefs. Powerheads may only be used your nautical charts are current. Those unfamiliar with offshore Georgia might consider to harvest a recreational bag limit. No boats at the artificial accompanying a more experienced angler initially. Always file a float reefs may have powerheaded catches aboard in excess of plan and be sure to call in any changes. Have an alternative plan in the bag limits. case the weather or seas are too rough or threatening. Do not push your capabilities. Finally, monitor weather reports regularly and keep Fishing Georgia’s alert for squalls building between you and the shore. Offshore Artificial Reefs Recreational fishing on Georgia’s artificial reefs maintained at most of Georgia’s offshore artificial reefs. occurs year-round, but is Placed away from structures to avoid entanglement, the most concentrated from June Anglers are encouraged to buoys warn larger vessels of the artificial reefs and help through August. With the practice catch & anglers locate and use the reefs. advent of warmer water release, taking only what they For these reasons, DO NOT TIE TO THE BUOYS. In temperatures, bluefish, cobia, can use. addition to hazards to both the buoy and vessel, substantial and little tunny arrive at the fines can also be levied against boaters tying to or otherwise artificial reefs in Spring, damaging the buoys. followed shortly by amberjack, king and Spanish Regulations mackerel, sharks, barracuda, Whatever is biting, anglers must and an occasional dolphin, stay informed about current state sailfish, or tuna. Bottom fish and federal fishing regulations. caught at the artificial reefs Too, anglers must be able to include black sea bass, gag accurately identify their grouper, red snapper, sheepshead, porgies, triggerfish, red catches. Information on drum, spadefish, and more. Offshore fishing techniques federal regulations and fish employed off Georgia are similar to those used elsewhere, identification are available through although coastal marina operators and local anglers can Red snapper the South Atlantic Fishery Management often provide more specific information as to what is biting, Council [(843) 571-4366; http://www.safmc.net] and the where to fish, and the gear and bait to use. United States Coast Guard Georgia’s offshore fisheries are not inexhaustible. Anglers (http://www.uscg.mil/d7/units/srftc/jobaid1.html). Information on are encouraged to practice catch & release, taking only what 8 9 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 10

they can use. If quickly and properly handled, released fish Gray’s Reef can survive. It is up to today’s fishermen to restore and National Marine Sanctuary maintain Georgia’s offshore fisheries for future generations. Designated in 1981 as a National Marine Sanctuary, Diving Gray’s Reef is located 17 SCUBA diving off Georgia nautical miles east of Sapelo continues to increase, Island. Natural rocky although this activity remains Constructed outcrops blanketed with lush largely limited to the warmer primarily for communities of sponges, months of the year. Divers recreational angling, corals, and other typically target locations Georgia’s invertebrates occur offshore artificial further offshore due to throughout the Sanctuary, reefs are also improved water visibilities, targeted by providing a stark contrast to which are affected by sea divers. the interspersed sand Gray’s Reef is conditions and tidal cycles. expanses. The largest “live bottom” area most accessible to the largest “live Currents offshore of Georgia Georgia anglers and divers, Gray’s Reef is managed by the bottom” area can also be strong. most accessible National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). A to Georgia’s Georgia’s artificial reefs weather buoy and four corner buoys mark the Sanctuary. For offshore have been constructed recreational current on-site weather/sea conditions, forecasts, fishermen. primarily to create fisheries regulations, and other information on the Gray’s Reef habitat and provide offshore National Marine Sanctuary, access angling opportunities. Wrecks and other reef materials www.graysreef.nos.noaa.gov/ or contact the Sanctuary become unstable over time and collapse. For divers, Manager at (912) 598-2345. entanglement and entrapment are real dangers that are unavoidably associated with artificial reef structures. In light of these hazards, it remains the personal responsibility of divers choosing to dive at Georgia’s artificial reefs to recognize and assume these risks, to take precautions A diver explores against these and other hazards existing at the artificial a rocky ledge reefs, and to evaluate all safety considerations in light of at Gray’s Reef. existing conditions, individual abilities, and the dictates of their training. To minimize conflicts while at the artificial reefs, courtesy, communication, and compromise are the rules. Do not start diving where others are fishing. Communicate with fishermen to inform them of your plans. Always display a dive flag. Once dives are completed, move away and spend surface intervals off the reef structures.

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USCG Aids to Navigation Navy Towers USCG Although GADNR maintains the offshore Aids In the 1980’s, the U.S. artificial reef buoys, the United States Coast Navy constructed eight Guard (USCG) is largely responsible for offshore towers to support its Navy Tower maintaining buoys, daymarkers, and other Tactical Aircrew Combat aids to navigation that mark the various System. Located 30-60 nm coastal channels. Occasionally these offshore, the “Navy Towers” navigational aids are re-located to better also created exceptional delineate the channels, which are subject to fishing opportunities for constant shoaling. Some buoys may added offshore anglers. Reaching or discontinued. Characteristics of 180' in height, the highly navigational aids may be modified. Buoys visible structures have and daymarks may be missing. become a popular The prudent mariner needs to remain aware of these destination for anglers possibilities at all times. Buoys, daymarks, and other aids to targeting pelagic gamefish, such as king mackerel, navigation are just that - navigational aids. For these reasons, amberjack, barracuda, tunas, dolphin, and wahoo. the following list of coordinates for USCG buoys and daymarks should be used with caution and updated frequently.

USCG Aid GPS LORAN C GPS LOCATION to Navigation Latitude N/Longitude W LOCATION 7980-Z/7980-X Latitude N/Longitude W

Savannah Channel Green Channel Buoy “5” 31˚59.164'/80˚46.121' Navy Tower “R7” 45388.0/61069.1 31˚49.000'/80˚16.500' Wassaw Sound Entrance Red Sea Buoy “2W” 31˚51.538'/80˚53.022' Navy Tower “R8” 45220.4/60955.5 31˚38.000'/79˚55.500' Ossabaw Sound Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “OS” 31˚47.793'/80˚56.185' Navy Tower “M2R6” 45284.1/61143.6 31˚32.000'/80˚14.000' St. Catherines Sound Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “STC” 31˚40.211'/81˚00.209' Navy Tower “R2” 45342.3/61365.7 31˚22.500'/80˚34.000' St. Catherines Channel Green Channel Buoy “3” 31˚40.498'/81˚03.543' Navy Tower “R3” 45137.2/61189.4 31˚13.000'/80˚07.000' Sapelo Sound Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “S” 31˚31.205'/81˚03.907' Navy Tower “M1R1” 45186.3/61406.8 31˚03.000'/80˚27.000' Sapelo Channel Green Channel Buoy “3” 31˚31.962'/81˚07.000' Navy Tower “R5” 45251.7/61589.8 30˚56.500'/80˚45.000' 15 nm East of Sapelo Island Yellow Buoy “S” 31˚28.498'/80˚54.554' Navy Tower “R4” 45045.1/61414.2 30˚48.000'/80˚19.000' Doboy Sound Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “D” 31˚21.231'/81˚11.406' St. Simons Channel Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “STS” 31˚03.233'/81˚15.152' 13.5 nm East of Jekyll Island Red Buoy “2B” 31˚00.130'/81˚09.630' St. Andrew Sound Entrance Red & White Sea Buoy “STA” 30˚55.617'/81˚19.016' St. Mary’s Channel Rear Approach Range 30˚43.553'/81˚19.673' St. Mary’s Channel Red Channel Buoy “18” 30˚42.674'/81˚23.192'

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Tybee 80˚ 30' 80˚ 00' 32˚ 00' Savannah Island G"5" SAV Wassaw Island R"2W" N KC RW"OS" R7 Ossabaw DUA W Island L E CCA RW WW "STC" G"3" CAT S St. Catherines Island BL R8 GEORGIA J

G"3" RW"S" KTK M2R6 BH 31˚ 30' Sapelo Y"S" Island

"GRS" W RW"D" R2 DW Atlantic Ocean ALT DRH

St. Simons R3 Island Brunswick Georgia’s Offshore Artificial Reefs F Gray’s Reef, & U.S. Navy Towers Jekyll Island M1R1 RW"STS" SFC Artificial Reef W Gray’s Reef Weather Buoy R"2B" G 31˚ 00' USCG Buoy Navy Tower RW"STA" A R5 one inch = approximately 10 nautical miles Cumberland C Island 0 5 10

TC R4 KBY MRY

Rear Approach Range R"18" 81˚ 00' 80˚ 30' 80˚ 00'

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LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef A # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 7 nm east of Little Cumberland Island B Buoy “A” 45447.0/61862.6 30°55.918' / 81°16.175' Mean Low Water Depths: 30' - 45' 1 USN Wharf Rubble 45446.1/61860.9 078° @ 0.16 nm 30°55.964' / 81°15.998' 2 USN Wharf Rubble 45445.7/61861.0 098° @ 0.16 nm 30°55.910' / 81°15.987' 3 USN Wharf Rubble 45445.1/61861.6 129° @ 0.19 nm 30°55.817' / 81°15.999' 81˚ 16.0' W 81˚ 15.75' W 81˚ 15.5' W 81˚ 15.25' W 4 USN Wharf Rubble 45445.3/61863.3 176° @ 0.24 nm 30°55.686' / 81°16.130' N 5 USN Wharf Rubble 45439.8/61854.8 104° @ 0.83 nm 30°55.797' / 81°15.212' 6 USN Wharf Rubble 45439.9/61855.2 105° @ 0.81 nm 30°55.767' / 81°15.237' W E 7 USN Wharf Rubble 45439.3/61854.9 108° @ 0.85 nm 30°55.735' / 81°15.205' 30˚ 56.0' N S

1 Notes: 2

3 5 30˚ 55.75' N 6 4 7

30˚ 55.5' N Round Scad Decapturus punctatus

Description: Also known as “cigar minnows,” Nautical Mile Dive at your one of many small fish species own risk! commonly used alive or dead as 0 1/4 1/2 bait. Other offshore schooling baitfishes include Spanish sardines (Sardinella BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES aurita) and Atlantic thread herring (Opisthonema oglinum). TO “A” FROM RW“STS” 192° @ 7.42 nm Known as “pogies,” Atlantic menhaden TO RW“STS” FROM “A” 012° @ 7.42 nm (Brevoortia tyrannus) likely represent the most popular baitfish used by Georgia anglers. Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus), TO “A” FROM RW“STA” 089° @ 2.46 nm pinfish, and small jacks, such as blue runners, are other popular baitfishes. TO RW“STA” FROM “A” 269° @ 2.46 nm Season: Depends on species. For most, April-December. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Small gold-hook bait rigs fished around offshore buoys and other structures. Cast nets are used to target schools of menhaden and mullet in inshore and coastal waters. Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Constant-flow bait wells are essential to keep baitfish alive and active. 16 17 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 18

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef ALT # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 6 nm east of Little St. Simons Island B Buoy “ALT” 45536.0/61696.5 31°18.649' / 81°09.385' Mean Low Water Depths: 30' - 40' 1 Concrete Rubble 45534.3/61695.3 129° @ 0.19 nm 31°18.542' / 81°09.195' 2 Concrete Rubble 45533.7/61695.3 135° @ 0.25 nm 31°18.486' / 81°09.159' 3 Crew Boat “Mary Lou” 45533.5/61695.7 145° @ 0.27 nm 31°18.422' / 81°09.180' 81˚ 09.0' W 81˚ 08.5' W 81˚ 08.0' W 4 Pallet Balls 45525.4/61687.3 118° @ 1.17 nm 31°18.210' / 81°08.120' N 5 Pallet Balls 45523.7/61681.6 102° @ 1.52 nm 31°18.467' / 81°07.623'

W E Notes: S 1 31˚ 18.5' N 2 3 5

31˚ 18.0' N

Cobia Rachycentron canadum Dive at your Nautical Mile own risk! Description: Chocolate-brown above with a white belly. Broad, somewhat flattened head. A 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 series of short spines occur in front of the dorsal fin. BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES Lower jaw protrudes past the upper jaw. TO “ALT” FROM RW“D” 151° @ 3.08 nm Often mistaken at first TO RW''D” FROM “ALT“ 331° @ 3.08 nm sight for small sharks or remoras. Occur singly or in schools TO “ALT” FROM RW“STS” 023° @ 16.19 nm around offshore structures and buoys. Average 15-30 lbs., but may get much larger. TO RW“STS” FROM “ALT” 203° @ 16.19 nm Season: April-November, migrating seasonally each Spring and Fall. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Casting live eels, crabs, and jigs at fish near the surface. Slow trolling by buoys, over wrecks, and around other structures.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Cobia readily approach boats, even when hooked and still “green.” 18 19 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 20

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef BH # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 2.5 nm east of Blackbeard Island B Buoy “BH” 45579.7/61609.7 31°30.391' / 81°06.260' Mean Low Water Depths: 10' - 16' 1 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45579.8/61609.4 010° @ 62 yds. 31°30.421' / 81°06.255' 2 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45579.8/61609.8 246° @ 33 yds. 31°30.383' / 81°06.274' 3 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45580.2/61610.0 297° @ 140 yds. 31°30.413' / 81°06.333' 81˚ 06.5' W 81˚ 06.25' W 4 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45580.3/61609.6 338° @ 128 yds. 31°30.446' / 81°06.290'

31˚ 30.5' N Notes:

4 1 3

W E

S Crevalle Jack 31˚ 30.2' N Caranx hippos

Description: Oblong body with black-green Yards to greenish-gold back, silvery white sides, Dive at your own risk! and yellowish belly. Blunt head. 0 100 200 Black spot on gill covers and at the base of the pectoral fins. Common BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES up to 25 lbs. Bluish-green in TO “BH” FROM G“3”* 164° @ 1.69 nm color, the similar-looking TO G“3”* FROM “BH” 344° @ 1.69 nm blue runner (Caranx crysos) lacks the blunt head and * Sapelo Channel the dark spot found at the base of the Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. pectoral fins in crevalle jack. Season: April-December. One of many jacks that arrive off Georgia as waters warm. Methods: Trolling with dead/live natural baits and artificial lures. Notes: Scutes located along the mid-line of the body and just before the Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. tail are sharp. Tablefare is poor. 20 21 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 22

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef BL # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 3 nm east of St. Catherines Island B Buoy “BL” 45612.2/61554.0 31°38.521' / 81°04.792' Mean Low Water Depths: 9' - 15' 1 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45612.4/61553.8 062° @ 95 yds. 31°38.547' / 81°04.746' 2 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45612.0/61554.0 115° @ 112 yds. 31°38.503' / 81°04.732' 3 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45612.0/61554.2 150° @ 123 yds. 31°38.471' / 81°04.749' 81˚ 05.0' W 81˚ 04.75' W 4 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45612.5/61555.0 218° @ 120 yds. 31°38.472' / 81°04.828' N 5 Barge Wreckage 45613.2/61555.1 280° @ 160 yds. 31°38.536' / 81°04.885' W E

S Notes:

1 5

2 31˚ 38.5' N 4 3

Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix

Description: Moderately stout, bluish-green Yards body fading to silver below. Teeth Dive at your own risk! prominent, compressed, 0 100 200 and sharp. Large bluefish found further offshore can easily exceed 10 lbs. BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES Closer to shore, bluefish are normally smaller, ranging TO “BL” FROM G“3”* 214° @ 2.24 nm from 1-4 lbs. TO G“3”* FROM “BL” 034° @ 2.24 nm Season: April-December, migrating seasonally. Large bluefish * St. Catherine’s Channel arrive each Spring at the offshore reefs. At the same time, schools of small “snapper blues” Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. appear in coastal waters along the outer bars and on the nearshore reefs. Methods: Bottom fishing with live or dead bait for bluefish congregated around vessels and other structures. Casting with silver spoons to surface schools. Wire leaders recommended.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Teeth are extremely sharp. 22 23 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 24

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef C # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 13.5 nm east of Cumberland Island B Buoy “C” 45372.5/61829.7 30°50.747' / 81°09.848' Mean Low Water Depths: 45' - 55' 1 USN Wharf Rubble 45373.8/61828.8 009° @ 0.22 nm 30°50.962' / 81°09.831' 2 USN Wharf Rubble 45370.6/61828.8 118° @ 0.17 nm 30°50.681' / 81°09.663' 3 USN Wharf Rubble 45370.8/61830.2 171° @ 0.22 nm 30°50.531' / 81°09.784' 81˚ 10.5' W 81˚ 10.0' W 81˚ 09.5' W 4 “Esparta” Wreck 45375.2/61832.1 295° @ 0.29 nm 30°50.845' / 81°10.171' N 5 M-60 Battle Tanks 45378.6/61825.6 005° @ 0.95 nm 30°51.701' / 81°09.846' 6 M-60 Battle Tanks 45378.8/61825.8 004° @ 0.97 nm 30°51.714' / 81°09.864' 6 W E 5 S Notes: 30˚ 51.5' N

30˚ 51.0' N 1 4

2 Gag 3 Mycteroperca microlepis

Description: Brownish to olive-gray Dive at your Nautical Mile grouper with numerous dark, worm- own risk! like markings on sides. Fins dark. 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Anal, tail, and soft dorsal fins with pale or white edges. Tail slightly concave without BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES elongated rays. Common nearshore and offshore. Average TO “C” FROM RW“STA” 127° @ 9.25 nm 15-20 lbs., but get much larger. To RW''STA” FROM “C” 307° @ 9.25 nm Season: May-December, nearshore. Year-round, offshore. TO “C” FROM RANGE* 055° @ 11.08 nm Methods: Heavy tackle with bottom or “grouper” TO RANGE* FROM “C” 235° @ 11.08 nm rig baited with live cigar minnows, pinfish, or other baitfish. * Rear (Northern) Offshore Range/Tower –St. Mary’s Channel– Whole dead cigar minnows, cut bait, or squid can also be used. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Notes: Change sex from female to male and form offshore spawning aggregations. Large males remain well offshore and are known as “charcoal bellies” due to distinctive Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. black patches that develop on the undersides and elsewhere on the body. 24 25 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 26

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef CAT # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 7 nm east of St. Catherines Island B Buoy “CAT” 45582.3/61489.8 31°40.080' / 80°58.555' Mean Low Water Depths: 35' - 45' 1 Pallet Balls 45577.6/61484.0 105° @ 0.62 nm 31°39.983' / 80°57.835' 2 Pallet Balls 45575.6/61480.9 101° @ 0.90 nm 31°39.990' / 80°57.504' 3 Pallet Balls 45572.4/61477.2 103° @ 1.29 nm 31°39.909' / 80°57.056' 80˚ 58.5' W 80˚ 58.0' W 80˚ 57.5' W 80˚ 57.0' W 4 Pallet Balls 45570.6/61477.3 111° @ 1.44 nm 31°39.700' / 80°56.928'

N 5 Pallet Balls 45568.3/61477.6 118° @ 1.62 nm 31°39.425' / 80°56.803' 6 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45580.4/61488.4 129° @ 0.23 nm 31°39.951' / 80°58.325' W E 7 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45577.3/61487.3 140° @ 0.59 nm 31°39.671' / 80°58.063' S 8 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45576.5/61488.7 150° @ 0.72 nm 31°39.490' / 80°58.070' 31˚ 40.0' N 9 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45573.4/61486.9 145° @ 1.06 nm 31°39.272' / 80°57.755' 1 2 6 3 Notes:

7 4 31˚ 39.5' N 8 5 9

31˚ 39.0' N

Spanish Mackerel Dive at your Nautical Mile own risk! Scomberomorus maculatus

0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Description: Streamlined body, greenish above to silver below BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES with distinct gold spots along the sides. A jet TO “CAT” FROM RW“OS” 200° @ 7.99 nm black patch on the TO RW“OS” FROM “CAT” 020° @ 7.99 nm leading edge of the dorsal fin and a gradually sloping lateral TO “CAT” FROM RW“STC” 103° @ 1.30 nm line help distinguish Spanish from king mackerel. Average 1-2 lbs., but may exceed 5 lbs. TO RW“STC” FROM “CAT” 283° @ 1.30 nm Season: April-November, migrating seasonally each Spring and Fall. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Trolling with small silver spoons. Casting to surface schools. Notes: Often seen in large schools at the surface. Diving birds are good Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. indicators of feeding schools of Spanish mackerel and other fish. 26 27 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 28

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef CCA # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 22 nm east of Ossabaw Island B Buoy “CCA” 45496.7/61315.6 31°43.505' / 80°41.144' Mean Low Water Depths: 50' - 60' 1 Deck Barge 45495.3/61317.8 189° @ 0.33 nm 31°43.180' / 80°41.166' 2 SMS Warehouse Barge 45492.4/61312.7 127° @ 0.50 nm 31°43.220' / 80°40.638' 3 Concrete Pipe 45492.7/61312.2 117° @ 0.50 nm 31°43.301' / 80°40.585' 80˚ 41.5' W 80˚ 41.0' W 80˚ 40.5' W 4 Tug “Matt Turecamo” 45489.6/61308.8 115° @ 0.88 nm 31°43.200' / 80°40.170' 3 5 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45493.9/61318.5 182° @ 0.53 nm 31°42.976' / 80°41.112' 6 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45493.8/61320.2 193° @ 0.68 nm 31°42.826' / 80°41.246' 1 2 4 7 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45492.4/61319.4 182° @ 0.79 nm 31°42.712' / 80°41.089' 8 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45492.9/61321.7 192° @ 0.90 nm 31°42.609' / 80°41.269' 31˚ 43.0' N 9 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45491.5/61320.9 184° @ 1.00 nm 31°42.509' / 80°41.110' 5 10 Talmadge Bridge Supports 45491.7/61322.9 191° @ 1.13 nm 31°42.384' / 80°41.267' N 6 11 Deck Barge 45489.9/61324.6 188° @ 1.47 nm 31°42.039' / 80°41.241' 12 Concrete Pipe 45493.6/61331.0 210° @ 1.62 nm 31°41.986' / 80°41.930' W E 7 S 8 Notes: 31˚ 42.5' N 9 10

King Mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla 12 11 Description: Elongate, greenish- silver body with a uniform slate-colored dorsal Dive at your Nautical Mile own risk! fin. Sharply dropping lateral line below the 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 second dorsal fin. While small king mackerel BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES have gold spots on their sides similar to Spanish mackerel, king TO “CCA” FROM RW“OS” 114° @ 13.49 nm mackerel lack the jet black patch found on the forward edge of the dorsal fin in Spanish TO RW“OS” FROM “CCA” 294° @ 13.49 nm mackerel. Average 10-15 lbs., often exceeding 30 lbs. Season: April-December, migrating seasonally each Spring and Fall. Large “smoker TO “CCA” FROM RW“STC” 084° @ 16.50 nm kings” begin to arrive when water temperatures approach 70˚F, with the smaller TO RW“STC” FROM “CCA” 264° @ 16.50 nm “snakes” becoming more common as waters warm. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Slow trolling or drift-fishing with live baitfish or dead ribbonfish. Fast-trolling with rigged dead baits and artificials tend to produce more, but smaller fish. Notes: Teeth are sharp. Consumption advisories are in effect for larger fish Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. due to mercury levels. 28 29 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 30

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef DRH # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 15 nm east of Little St. Simons Island B Buoy “DRH” 45465.6/61606.7 31°17.896' / 80°58.889' Mean Low Water Depths: 45' - 55' 1 Pallet Balls 45464.9/61606.1 096° @ 0.60 nm 31°17.868' / 80°58.815' 2 Pallet Balls 45459.7/61599.5 100° @ 0.71 nm 31°17.822' / 80°58.049' 3 Pallet Balls 45457.4/61601.0 123° @ 0.84 nm 31°17.487' / 80°58.001' 80˚ 58.5' W 80˚ 58.0' W 80˚ 57.5' W 80˚ 57.0' W 4 R/V “Zapala” 45457.5/61601.3 126° @ 0.85 nm 31°17.441' / 80°58.021' 1 5 Pallet Balls 45457.5/61601.6 129° @ 0.86 nm 31°17.422' / 80°58.043' 2 N 6 Pallet Balls 45455.8/61602.9 140° @ 1.00 nm 31°17.157' / 80°58.038' W E 7 Pallet Balls 45454.7/61603.1 146° @ 1.15 nm 31°16.979' / 80°58.003' 8 3 S 8 Pallet Balls 45462.4/61607.1 166° @ 0.37 nm 31°17.522' / 80°58.733' 31˚ 17.5' N 9 “John Bird” Wreck 45461.0/61608.9 176° @ 0.67 nm 31°17.232' / 80°58.765' 4 5 10 Tug “Rio Caroni” 45445.4/61598.0 133° @ 2.13 nm 31°16.370' / 80°57.058' 11 Pallet Balls 45444.9/61597.6 140° @ 2.22 nm 31°16.341' / 80°57.014' 9 6 Notes:

31˚ 17.0' N 7

31˚ 16.5' N 10 11 Red Snapper

Dive at your Nautical Mile Lutjanus campechanus own risk! Description: Brick-red above, lighter below. No 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 distinct markings, except that young “chicken” snapper have a dark spot BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES below the soft dorsal fin. Differs in body shape and eye color from TO “DRH” FROM RW“D” 113° @ 11.20 nm other nearshore snappers. TO RW“D” FROM “DRH” 293° @ 11.20 nm Averages 2-5 lbs., but reaches 20 lbs. or greater. TO “DRH” FROM RW“STS” 049° @ 20.08 nm Season: April-December, nearshore. TO RW“STS” FROM “DRH” 229° @ 20.08 nm Year-round, offshore. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Bottom or “grouper” rig baited with live cigar minnows, pinfish, or other baitfish. Whole dead cigar minnows, cut bait, or squid can also be used.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Also referred to as the “genuine red.” Large females called “sows.” 30 31 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 32

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef DUA # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 7 nm east of Ossabaw Island B Buoy “DUA” 45589.6/61414.8 31°46.769' / 80°54.188' Mean Low Water Depths: 35' - 45' 1 Pallet Balls 45583.5/61397.4 070° @ 1.49 nm 31°47.399' / 80°52.626' 2 Pallet Balls 45582.1/61394.7 072° @ 1.71 nm 31°47.442' / 80°52.354' 80˚ 54.0' W 80˚ 53.5' W 80˚ 53.0' W 80˚ 52.5' W 3 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45591.1/61409.2 020° @ 0.65 nm 31°47.397' / 80°54.000' 31˚ 47.5' N 4 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45588.8/61409.3 052° @ 0.49 nm 31°47.104' / 80°53.765' 2 3 1 5 Concrete Boxes/Pipe 45587.4/61408.8 070° @ 0.52 nm 31°46.990' / 80°53.629' 6 Concrete Pipe 45584.9/61406.8 089° @ 0.74 nm 31°46.852' / 80°53.327' 7 Concrete Pipe 45587.7/61411.8 092° @ 0.29 nm 31°46.785' / 80°53.850' 4 8 Concrete Pipe 45586.4/61411.7 115° @ 0.39 nm 31°46.633' / 80°53.753' 31˚ 47.0' N 9 Concrete Pipe 45584.5/61409.2 111° @ 0.63 nm 31°46.597' / 80°53.475' 5 10 Concrete Pipe 45582.8/61406.7 106° @ 0.87 nm 31°46.606' / 80°53.178' 6 11 Concrete Pipe 45589.0/61416.5 201° @ 0.20 nm 31°46.580' / 80°54.250' 7 10 Notes: 11 8 9

31˚ 46.5' N N

W E

S Spottail Pinfish 31˚ 46.0' N Diplodus holbrooki

Description: A deep-bodied porgy. Dusky to metallic blue with silvery sides. Several faint vertical bars along the sides of the body, fading in larger Dive at your Nautical Mile own risk! fish. A distinctive large, dark blotch or saddle before the tail fin. Well- 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 developed front incisor teeth. All sizes occur offshore of Georgia. BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES May reach 3 lbs. Smaller and more abundant in Georgia’s TO “DUA” FROM R2“W” 198° @ 4.87 nm offshore and inshore waters, the TO R2“W” FROM “DUA” 018° @ 4.87 nm related pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) lacks the black tail patch characteristic of spottail pinfish. TO “DUA” FROM RW“OS” 127° @ 1.96 nm Pinfish coloration is also less drab, consisting of a silvery body with yellow & blue horizontal stripes, TO RW“OS” FROM “DUA” 307° @ 1.96 nm vertical bars, and a dark shoulder spot. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Season: Year-round. Methods: Bottom or fish-finder rig baited with squid or cut bait.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: A strong fighter. 32 33 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 34

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef F # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 9 nm east of Jekyll Island B Buoy “F” 45485.4/61787.7 31°05.937' / 81°12.808' Mean Low Water Depths: 35' - 45' 1 Landing Craft 45483.0/61784.6 098° @ 0.28 nm 31°05.926' / 81°12.483' 2 Landing Craft 45481.7/61782.7 095° @ 0.47 nm 31°05.939' / 81°12.255' 3 Concrete Rubble 45481.5/61778.2 071° @ 0.82 nm 31°06.281' / 81°11.933' 81˚ 13.0' W 81˚ 12.5' W 81˚ 12.0' W 81˚ 11.5' W 4 Tire Units 45480.0/61779.8 090° @ 0.73 nm 31°05.990' / 81°11.959'

N 5 Concrete Rubble 45476.0/61780.5 121° @ 0.97 nm 31°05.508' / 81°11.771' 6 Pallet Balls 45479.0/61785.2 142° @ 0.65 nm 31°05.463' / 81°12.286' 3 W E 7 Pallet Balls 45482.6/61790.2 189° @ 0.49 nm 31°05.445' / 81°12.847'

S 31˚ 06.0' N Notes: 1 2 4

31˚ 05.5' N 5 7 6

31˚ 05.0' N Sheepshead Archosargus probatocephalus Nautical Mile Dive at your own risk! Description: A deep-bodied porgy. 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Silver-gray with 5-6 dark vertical bars down the sides. Strong incisor and rear molar teeth designed for feeding on BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES oysters, barnacles, shells, and sea urchins. Averages 3-7 lbs., but TO “F” FROM RW“STS” 043° @ 3.35 nm commonly reaches 10 lbs. TO RW“STS” FROM “F” 223° @ 3.35 nm or more. Season: Year-round, with most TO “F” FROM RW“STA” 033° @ 11.61 nm offshore angling primarily TO RW“STA” FROM “F” 213° @ 11.61 nm occurring in Spring. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Fish-finder rig baited with a live fiddler crab and fished in the water column off the bottom. Notes: Forms aggregations at the nearshore reefs March-April. Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Anglers should limit their take of these spawning adults. 34 35 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 36

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef G # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 23 nm east of Little Cumberland Island B Buoy “G” 45348.4/61700.1 30°58.247 / 80°58.804' Mean Low Water Depths: 55' - 75' 1 Tug “Tampa” 45348.0/61700.3 185° @ 0.04 nm 30°58.203' / 80°58.804' 2 Work Boat “Striker” 45348.1/61700.3 181° @ 0.05 nm 30°58.198' / 80°58.800'

080˚ 58.5' W 080˚ 58.0' W 080˚ 57.5' W 3 Liberty Ship “Nettleton” 45349.6/61695.7 030° @ 0.50 nm 30°58.704' / 80°58.562' 5 6 4 Tug “Recife” 45345.9/61691.7 066° @ 0.75 nm 30°58.617' / 80°58.034' 9 5 M-60 Battle Tanks 45354.0/61693.4 014° @ 1.13 nm 30°59.361' / 80°58.603' 7 6 M-60 Battle Tanks 45353.8/61693.0 015° @ 1.13 nm 30°59.365' / 80°58.583' 8 7 M-60 Battle Tanks 45349.0/61688.1 043° @ 1.23 nm 30°59.224' / 80°57.934' 8 M-60 Battle Tanks 45348.8/61688.2 043° @ 1.23 nm 30°59.215' / 80°57.923' 30˚ 59.0' N 9 Tug “Mac Tide 21” 45344.1/61681.0 053° @ 1.80 nm 30°59.269' / 80°57.153'

N Notes: W E 3 S 4 30˚ 58.5' N

1 2

30˚ 58.0' N Great Barracuda Nautical Mile Dive at your Sphyraena barracuda own risk! 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Description: Long, slim, silver BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES body with a dark back and irregular black splotches on the sides. Extended TO R“2B” FROM RW“STS” 129° @ 5.65 nm snout. Large mouth with TO RW''STS” FROM R“2B” 309° @ 5.65 nm sharp, pointed teeth. Generally average 15 - 20 lbs., but may exceed 40 lbs. TO “G” FROM R“2B” 066° @ 9.48 nm or more. TO R“2B” FROM “G” 246° @ 9.48 nm Season: May-October. Numerous during warmer months over wrecks and other high relief structures. TO R“2B” FROM RW“STA” 066° @ 9.22 nm TO RW“STA” FROM R“2B” 246° @ 9.22 nm Methods: Slow trolling or live-lining with live bait. Fast-trolling with rigged dead baits and artificial lures. Casting at fish near the surface. Jigging. Excellent fighting fish on Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. light tackle.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Curious, readily attacking hooked fish. Implicated in ciguatera poisoning. 36 37 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 38

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef J # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 17.5 nm east of St. Catherines Island B Buoy “J” 45495.5/61411.7 31°36.110' / 80°47.470' Mean Low Water Depths: 55' - 75' 1 Tug “Elmira” 45496.0/61413.0 266° @ 0.18 nm 31°36.082' / 80°47.673' 2 Liberty Ship“Daniels”(main) 45497.8/61413.8 297° @ 0.26 nm 31°36.207' / 80°47.750'

80˚ 49.0' W 80˚ 48.5' W 80˚ 48.0' W 3 Liberty Ship“Daniels”(stern) 45497.5/61412.8 315° @ 0.23 nm 31°36.260' / 80°47.680' 4 Ferry Boat “Janet” 45497.1/61411.7 340° @ 0.21 nm 31°36.298' / 80°47.575' N 5 Buoy Tender “Sagebrush” 45500.0/61412.0 335° @ 0.56 nm 31°36.600' / 80°47.800' 6 M-60 Battle Tanks 45499.8/61419.4 272° @ 0.71 nm 31°36.036' / 80°48.295' W E 7 M-60 Battle Tanks 45499.8/61419.6 266° @ 0.72 nm 31°35.990' / 80°48.300' S 8 M-60 Battle Tanks 45500.0/61420.2 266° @ 0.76 nm 31°35.993' / 80°48.352' 31˚ 36.5' N 5 9 M-60 Battle Tanks 45502.3/61423.6 269° @ 1.08 nm 31°35.987' / 80°48.728' 10 M-60 Battle Tanks 45502.2/61424.3 266° @ 1.13 nm 31°35.924' / 80°48.777' 11 M-60 Battle Tanks 45503.8/61426.0 270° @ 1.20 nm 31°35.989' / 80°48.982' 3 12 M-60 Battle Tanks 45504.0/61425.9 270° @ 1.31 nm 31°35.987' / 80°48.996' 15 4 2 13 M-60 Battle Tanks 45503.7/61426.3 272° @ 1.33 nm 31°35.978' / 80°49.026' 14 M-60 Battle Tanks 45502.2/61424.3 271° @ 1.34 nm 31°35.962' / 80°49.027' 6 31˚ 36.0' N 12 1 15 Tug “Rio Apon” 45517.1/61428.1 273° @ 1.62 nm 31°36.180' / 80°49.364' 13 9 11 8 7 14 10 Notes:

Greater Amberjack Seriola dumerili Nautical Mile Dive at your own risk! Description: Torpedo-shaped. Olive-brown back 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 with a white belly. A faint amber band runs along the sides. A distinct stripe extends through the eyes to the BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES base of the first dorsal fin. Congregates around prominent TO “J” FROM RW“STC” 116° @ 11.60 nm structures, such as wrecks and the TO RW“STC” FROM “J” 296° @ 11.60 nm Navy Towers. Common to 30 lbs., but exceeds 90 lbs. Two deep water relatives also TO “J” FROM RW“S” 077° @ 14.85 nm occur off Georgia. The almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) is stockier, with higher dorsal and anal fins. In lesser amberjack (Seriola fasciata), TO RW“S” FROM “J” 257° @ 14.85 nm the eye stripe crosses the back well in front of the dorsal fin. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Season: April-December. Methods: Live-lining over structures with pinfish, tomtate, and other small fish. Jigging.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: A strong fish that will fight until exhausted. Released fish need to be revived fully. 38 39 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:39 AM Page 40

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef KBY # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 8 nm east of Cumberland Island B Buoy “KBY” 45395.7/61912.8 30°46.590' / 81°17.309' Mean Low Water Depths: 35' - 45' 1 USN Wharf Rubble 45396.1/61910.4 037° @ 0.28 nm 30°46.829' / 81°17.140' 2 USN Wharf Rubble 45396.0/61907.6 044° @ 0.55 nm 30°47.016' / 81°16.907' 81˚ 17.25' W 81˚ 17.0' W 81˚ 16.75' W 81˚ 16.5' W 3 USN Wharf Rubble 45397.0/61908.9 030° @ 0.50 nm 30°47.041' / 81°17.066' 4 USN Wharf Rubble 45397.7/61909.2 032° @ 0.50 nm 30°47.066' / 81°17.131' 11 5 USN Wharf Rubble 45397.3/61908.3 029° @ 0.58 nm 30°47.120' / 81°17.042' 12 6 USN Wharf Rubble 45396.3/61906.4 040° @ 0.70 nm 30°47.166' / 81°16.846' 7 USN Wharf Rubble 45394.2/61904.9 056° @ 0.75 nm 30°47.092' / 81°16.647' 10 30˚ 47.25' N 8 USN Wharf Rubble 45395.2/61904.8 055° @ 0.85 nm 30°47.163' / 81°16.636' 9 9 USN Wharf Rubble 45395.5/61905.0 047° @ 0.81 nm 30°47.197' / 81°16.686' 6 5 8 10 USN Wharf Rubble 45397.2/61906.2 034° @ 0.78 nm 30°47.273' / 81°16.865' 11 USN Wharf Rubble 45395.6/61901.7 045° @ 1.14 nm 30°47.465' / 81°16.461' 4 7 12 USN Wharf Rubble 45394.6/61901.6 050° @ 1.15 nm 30°47.405' / 81°16.372' 30˚ 47.0' N 3 2 13 USN Wharf Rubble 45393.1/61904.6 070° @ 0.81 nm 30°46.967' / 81°16.549' 13 14 USN Wharf Rubble 45394.4/61908.0 061° @ 0.45 nm 30°46.844' / 81°16.874' 15 USN Wharf Rubble 45394.3/61908.5 073° @ 0.45 nm 30°46.788' / 81°16.905' 14 1 N Notes: 30˚ 46.75' N 15 W E

Nautical Mile Vermilion Snapper Dive at your Rhomboplites aurorubens own risk! 0 1/4 1/2 Description: More streamlined than red snapper with a bright vermilion BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES (scarlet red) back fading to a white belly. Forked tail with a faint TO “KBY” FROM RW“STA” 177° @ 9.10 nm black margin. Adults prefer TO RW“STA” FROM “KBY” 357° @ 9.10 nm deeper waters, where it forms large schools. Average TO “KBY” FROM RANGE* 038° @ 3.63 nm less than 2 lbs. TO RANGE* FROM “KBY” 218° @ 3.63 nm Season: June-October, nearshore. * Rear (Northern) Offshore Range/Tower -St. Mary’s Channel- Year-round, offshore. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Bottom rig baited with squid or cut bait.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Commonly referred to as “beeliners.” 40 41 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 42

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef KC # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 9 nm southeast of Wassaw Island Buoy “KC” 45564.3/61324.2 31°50.810' / 80°46.550' Mean Low Water Depths: 40' - 50' 1 “Honey” Barge 45563.7/61321.1 064° @ 0.26 nm 31°50.944' / 80°46.290' 2 Deck Barge 45561.2/61319.6 100° @ 0.46 nm 31°50.775' / 80°46.015' 3 Pallet Balls 45560.6/61316.6 305° @ 0.22 nm 31°50.920' / 80°45.777' 80˚ 47.0' W 80˚ 46.5' W 80˚ 46.0' W 4 “Motherlode” Barge 45563.9/61324.6 178° @ 0.11 nm 31°50.699' / 80°46.533'

31˚ 51.0' N 5 Dump Scow 45562.8/61325.5 178° @ 0.31 nm 31°50.502' / 80°46.507' 6 Sailboat “Jupiter” 45560.4/61325.6 169° @ 0.62 nm 31°50.211' / 80°46.343' 1 3 7 Pallet Balls 45559.9/61325.2 167° @ 0.67 nm 31°50.171' / 80°46.297' 8 “Olympics” Barge 45558.6/61326.6 170° @ 0.94 nm 31°49.904' / 80°46.260' 2 9 Concrete Pipe 45564.0/61328.7 215° @ 0.44 nm 31°50.409' / 80°46.798' 4 10 Concrete Pipe 45562.7/61330.6 205° @ 0.75 nm 31°50.086' / 80°46.842' N 31˚ 50.5' N 5 W E Notes:

9 S

6 7 10 31˚ 50.0' N

Nautical Mile Dive at your Gray Triggerfish own risk! 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Balistes capriscus

Description: Drab-gray with a tough, leathery BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES skin and distinctive shape. Like sheepshead, “triggers” have strong, flat teeth for TO “KC” FROM R“2W” 103° @ 5.47 nm grazing on barnacles and similar TO R“2W” FROM “KC” 283° @ 5.47 nm growth. Average 2-4 lbs., but may exceed 10 lbs. TO “KC” FROM RW“OS” 075° @ 8.70 nm Season: April-December, TO RW“OS” FROM “KC” 255° @ 8.70 nm nearshore. Year-round, offshore. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: 2-hook bottom rig baited with squid or cut bait. Notes: Named for the large forward dorsal Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. spine or “trigger” that cocks up when the fish is disturbed. 42 43 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 44

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef KTK # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 7 nm east of Blackbeard Island B Buoy “KTK” 45553.5/61561.7 31°31.164' / 81°01.362' Mean Low Water Depths: 35' - 45' 1 Concrete Rubble 45552.2/61559.4 088° @ 0.18 nm 31°31.187' / 81°01.152' 2 Concrete Rubble 45550.0/61561.9 163° @ 0.41 nm 31°30.792' / 81°01.175' 3 Debarking Drums/Rubble 45550.4/61557.4 098° @ 0.43 nm 31°31.146' / 81°00.863' 81˚ 01.0' W 81˚ 00.5' W 81˚ 00.0' W 80˚ 59.5' W 4 Barge “Modena” 45545.3/61551.1 101° @ 1.05 nm 31°31.061' / 81°00.132' 1 3 4 5 M-60 Battle Tanks 45541.1/61548.0 108° @ 1.53 nm 31°30.831' / 80°59.614' 31˚ 31.0' N 6 M-60 Battle Tanks 45540.7/61548.2 110° @ 1.51 nm 31°30.788' / 80°59.643' 2 7 Debarking Drums/Rubble 45546.0/61556.8 128° @ 0.84 nm 31°30.718' / 81°00.530' 5 8 Concrete Pipe 45543.2/61556.1 132° @ 1.13 nm 31°30.440' / 81°00.310' 6 14 7 9 Concrete Pipe 45543.1/61556.1 135° @ 1.15 nm 31°30.431' / 81°00.317' 10 Concrete Pipe 45538.5/61555.6 143° @ 1.63 nm 31°29.950' / 80°59.976' 31˚ 30.5' N 11 Concrete Pipe 45538.6/60555.4 141° @ 1.69 nm 31°29.961' / 80°59.971' 8 9 N 12 Pallet Balls 45535.3/61552.4 130° @ 1.96 nm 31°29.838' / 80°59.614' 13 Pallet Balls 45544.6/61570.1 113° @ 1.87 nm 31°29.515' / 80°59.351' W E 14 Pallet Balls 45549.9/61562.3 167° @ 0.50 nm 31°30.688' / 81°01.175' 15 S 15 Pallet Balls 45546.4/61565.1 175° @ 1.07 nm 31°30.109' / 81°01.136' 31˚ 30.0' N 16 Pallet Balls 45544.0/61568.3 180° @ 1.59 nm 31°29.584' / 81°01.194' 10 11 17 Pallet Balls 45540.5/61563.2 159° @ 1.67 nm 31°29.562' / 81°00.642' 12

16 Black Sea Bass, Blackfish 31˚ 29.5' N 17 13 Centropristis striata

Description: One of Georgia’s most abundant Nautical Mile offshore reeffishes. Black-green to brown Dive at your overall. A white “streamer” may extend own risk! from the upper lobe of the tail in 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 larger fish. During spawning, the larger males develop greenish BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES humps in front of the dorsal fin and are often referred to as TO “KTK” FROM RW“S” 097° @ 2.17 nm “greenheads.” Average less than 1 TO RW“S” FROM “KTK” 277° @ 2.17 nm lb., although fish over 2 lbs. are common. May exceed 5 lbs. Less abundant and generally smaller, related rock (Centropristis TO “KTK” FROM RW“D” 047° @ 13.11 nm philadelphica) and bank (Centropristis ocyurus) sea bass feature more body markings TO RW“D” FROM “KTK” 227° @ 13.11 nm and the three tail lobes are extended, often with filaments. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Season: Year-round. Methods: 2-hook bottom rig baited with almost anything.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Become males as age. Congregate at reefs in Winter and Spring to spawn. 44 45 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 46

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef L # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 23 nm east of Ossabaw Island Buoy “L” 45480.0/61263.6 31°45.498' / 80°36.475' Mean Low Water Depths: 55' - 65' 1 Dredge “Henry Bacon” 45480.0/61264.7 228° @ 0.09 nm 31°45.385' / 80°36.543' 2 “Latex” Barge 45480.9/61266.1 255° @ 0.20 nm 31°45.379' / 80°36.700' 3 “Sayler” Barge 45479.4/61266.1 208° @ 0.27 nm 31°45.200' / 80°36.596' 80˚ 36.5' W 80˚ 36.0' W 80˚ 35.5' W 80˚ 35.0' W 31˚ 46.0' N 4 Tug “Senasqua” 45479.3/61268.3 212° @ 0.47 nm 31°45.030' / 80°36.721' 5 Tug “Delta Diamond” 45477.0/61265.8 178° @ 0.50 nm 31°44.948' / 80°36.405' 6 M-60 Battle Tanks 45475.2/61255.7 092° @ 0.75 nm 31°45.492' / 80°35.595' 15 7 M-60 Battle Tanks 45475.0/61255.2 090° @ 0.80 nm 31°45.515' / 80°35.539' 8 M-60 Battle Tanks 45474.3/61256.7 105° @ 0.77 nm 31°45.319' / 80°35.586' 7 16 9 M-60 Battle Tanks 45474.1/61256.4 104° @ 0.77 nm 31°45.325' / 80°35.576' 31˚ 45.5' N 6 17 10 M-60 Battle Tanks 45473.2/61257.7 118° @ 0.83 nm 31°45.133' / 80°35.573' 2 1 8 9 11 M-60 Battle Tanks 45472.1/61258.3 128° @ 0.95 nm 31°44.938' / 80°35.538' 12 M-60 Battle Tanks 45472.1/61258.4 129° @ 0.95 nm 31°44.928' / 80°35.546' 3 10 13 M-60 Battle Tanks 45472.0/61258.7 130° @ 0.96 nm 31°44.902' / 80°35.553' 4 14 M-60 Battle Tanks 45468.2/61258.7 142° @ 1.41 nm 31°44.463' / 80°35.300' 11 15 Pallet Balls 45472.8/61248.9 083° @ 1.32 nm 31°45.721' / 80°34.960' 31˚ 45.0' N 5 13 12 N 16 Pallet Balls 45471.5/61249.9 093° @ 1.30 nm 31°45.504' / 80°34.942' 17 Pallet Balls 45471.0/61249.1 094° @ 1.38 nm 31°45.492' / 80°34.858' W E

S Scamp Mycteroperca phenax 31˚ 44.5' N 14 Description: A light to dark brown grouper with small, dark reddish- Nautical Mile Dive at your brown spots on sides, possibly in own risk! indistinct broken lines or 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 blotches. Corners of the mouth yellowish. Elongated tail rays develop with age, BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES creating a ragged edge, often referred to as a “broom tail.” More TO “L” FROM R“2W” 299° @ 15.20 nm common in depths greater than 75’. TO R“2W” FROM “L” 119° @ 15.20 nm Generally smaller than gag grouper, scamp average 10-15 lbs., but may get larger. TO “L” FROM RW“OS” 103° @ 16.80 nm Season: May-November, nearshore. Year-round, offshore. TO RW“OS” FROM “L” 283° @ 16.80 nm Methods: Heavy tackle with bottom or “grouper” rig baited with live Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. cigar minnows, pinfish, or other baitfish. Whole dead cigar minnows, cut bait, or squid can also be used. Notes: Like gag, scamp change sex from female to male with age and Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. form spawning aggregations along the edge of the continental shelf. 46 47 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 48

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef MRY # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 18 nm east of Cumberland Island B Reef “MRY” not buoyed Mean Low Water Depths: 50' - 60' 1 Pallet Balls 45326.5/61826.0 30°46.310' / 81°07.172' 2 Pallet Balls 45325.6/61825.6 30°46.255' / 81°07.091' 3 Pallet Balls 45323.6/61822.5 30°46.295' / 81°06.757' 81˚ 07.0' W 81˚ 06.5' W 81˚ 06.0' W 4 Pallet Balls 45322.2/61816.7 30°46.591' / 81°06.248' 5 Pallet Balls 45322.5/61810.7 30°47.104' / 81°05.798' N 5 6 Pallet Balls 45321.4/61812.1 30°46.871' / 80°05.846' 30˚ 47.0' N W E 7 Pallet Balls 45318.6/61813.0 30°46.511' / 81°05.759' 8 Pallet Balls 45316.8/61815.1 30°46.172' / 81°05.837' S

6 Notes:

4 30˚ 46.5' N 7

1 3 2

8 Tomtate 30˚ 46.0' N Haemulon aurolineatum Description: Silvery-white overall with a Nautical Mile Dive at your yellow-brown stripe running along the body own risk! from the eye to a distinct spot at the 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 base of the tail. Another, shorter yellowish stripe may occur on the upper back. In older fish, body color darkens and the tail spot BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES becomes less distinct. Inside of mouth scarlet red. One of the TO “MRY” (#4) FROM RANGE* 081° @ 11.93 nm smallest grunts, tomtate caught by TO RANGE* FROM“MRY” (#4) 261° @ 11.93 nm anglers generally average 6”-8”. * Rear (Northern) Offshore Range/Tower -St. Marys Channel- Season: April - December. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: A standard bottom rig with small hooks and baited with small pieces of squid, shrimp, or cut bait. Often used as live bait when fishing for grouper or live-lining for amberjack or barracuda.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Georgia’s most abundant offshore grunt. 48 49 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 50

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef SAV # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 6 nm southeast of Tybee Island B Buoy “SAV” 45589.7/61305.6 31°55.261' / 80°47.209' Mean Low Water Depths: 30' - 40' 1 Concrete Pipe 45588.7/61305.6 144° @ 0.09 nm 31°55.196' / 80°47.142' 2 Concrete Pipe 45588.8/61306.7 179° @ 0.21 nm 31°55.051' / 80°47.182' 3 Concrete Pipe 45586.5/61303.6 132° @ 0.37 nm 31°55.042' / 80°46.863' 80˚ 47.5' W 80˚ 47.0' W 80˚ 46.5' W 4 Deck Barge 45585.5/61310.5 185° @ 0.89 nm 31°54.370' / 80°47.207' 5 Deck Barge w/Work Boat 45585.4/61311.1 186° @ 0.96 nm 31°54.299' / 80°47.229' 1

Notes: 31˚ 55.0' N 2 3

W E

31˚ 54.5' N

4 5 Little Tunny Euthynnus alletteratus 31˚ 54.0' N Description: Bullet-shaped. Steel-bluish above and silvery-white below. Rear of the back with Nautical Mile a dark, wavy pattern. Scattered dark Dive at your own risk! spots below the pectoral fins. 0 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 Little tunny average 5-10 lbs., but can reach 20 lbs. Commonly referred to as BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES “bonito,” little tunny should not be confused with smaller TO “SAV” FROM G“5”* 199° @ 4.02 nm Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda), which TO G“5”* FROM “SAV” 019° @ 4.02 nm have straight lines on the back and occur only occasionally off Georgia. * Savannah Channel Season: March-December, migrating seasonally. Schools of little tunny arrive in TO “SAV” FROM R“2W” 058° @ 6.14 nm nearshore waters in early Spring, followed by blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus), which TO R“2W” FROM “SAV” 238° @ 6.14 nm are caught at the deeper reefs and Navy Towers. Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) are also taken near the Navy Towers and further offshore during the warmer months. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Trolling with dead/live natural baits and artificial lures.

Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: A strong fighting fish, even at small sizes. Unlike true tunas, tablefare is poor. 50 51 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 52

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef SFC # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 18nm East of Little Cumberland Island B Buoy “SFC” 45384.5/61721.7 31°00.386' / 81°02.405' Mean Low Water Depths: 45' - 55' 1 M-60 Battle Tanks 45384.2/61720.1 053° @ 0.14 nm 31°00.483' / 81°02.283' 2 Pallet Balls 45389.6/61727.6 283° @ 0.63 nm 31°00.456' / 81°03.128' 3 Pallet Balls 45387.7/61726.9 31°00.312' / 81°02.982' 81˚ 03.0' W 81˚ 02.75' W 81˚ 02.5' W 31˚ 00.5' N 4 M-60 Battle Tanks 45386.6/61726.3 255° @ 0.43 nm 31°00.240' / 81°02.874' 1 5 M-60 Battle Tanks 45386.5/61726.5 254° @ 0.45 nm 31°00.224' / 81°02.890' 2 6 Pallet Balls 45386.6/61728.9 245° @ 0.64 nm 31°00.050' / 81°03.050' 7 Landing Craft “Optimist” 45381.1/61722.9 175° @ 0.47 nm 30°59.928' / 81°02.308' 8 Landing Craft “Scalper” 45380.6/61723.2 175° @ 0.53 nm 30°59.862' / 81°02.298' 3

Notes: 31˚ 00.25' N 4 5 N W E

S 6

31˚ 00.0' N

Dive at your Nautical Mile Red Porgy own risk! 0 1/4 1/2 Pagrus pagrus USCG BUOY/ REEF COORDINATES Description: Deep-bodied. Pinkish above, silvery-white below. Rows of small blue TO “SFC” FROM RW“STS” 110° @ 11.34 nm spots along sides with blue streaks TO RW“STS” FROM “SFC” 290° @ 11.34 nm around the eyes. Rear nostril round, not slit-like. Average TO R“2B” FROM RW“STA” 246° @ 9.22 nm 1-2 lbs., but may get much larger. More common in TO RW“STA” FROM R“2B” 066° @ 9.22 nm deeper waters. Occasional at artificial reefs. TO “SFC” FROM R“2B” 093° @ 6.21 nm TO R“2B” FROM “SFC” 273° @ 6.21 nm Season: Year-round, offshore. Methods: Bottom rig baited with squid or cut bait. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Notes: Often referred to as “pinkies” or “silver snapper.” Long-lived, changing sex to Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. males with age and larger size. Heavily overfished. 52 53 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 54

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reef TC # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 3 nm east of Cumberland Island B Buoy “TC” 45443.4/61969.6 31°46.973' / 81°23.975' Mean Low Water Depths: 12' - 24' 1 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45443.3/61969.1 062° @ 115 yds. 30°47.004' / 81°23.923' 2 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45443.2/61969.9 190° @ 80 yds. 30°46.933' / 81°23.977' 3 Concrete Tetrahedrons 45443.9/61969.8 322° @ 105 yds. 30°47.010' / 81°24.015' 81˚ 24.2' W 81˚ 24.0' W N Notes: W E

3 1 30˚ 47.0' N

Atlantic Spadefish Chaetodipterus faber Yards Dive at your Description: Deep, compressed sliver-gray body own risk! with 4-6 broad, black vertical bars. Larger 0 100 200 fish generally darker and bars may fade. USCG BUOY/ REEF COORDINATES Average 3-5 lbs., but may exceed 10 lbs. TO “TC” FROM R“18”* 357° @ 4.35 nm Season: Year-round. During warmer TO R“18”* FROM “TC” 177° @ 4.35 nm months, large schools are often seen finning at the surface over * St. Mary’s Channel offshore wrecks. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Spin-casting to surface schools using an unweighted or lightly weighted rig with a short-shanked hook baited with jellyball (a jellyfish) strips or small pieces of shrimp. Small float rigs are also used. Notes: Often erroneously referred to as “angelfish.” Abundant in estuarines as small Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. juveniles, Atlantic spadefish gradually move offshore with growth. 54 55 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 56

LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS Artificial Reefs WW & DW # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Reef WW Location: 50 nm southeast of Wassaw Sound B Reef “WW” not buoyed Mean Low Water Depths: 120' - 130' 1 Hopper Barge 45262.4/60953.1 31°42.878' / 79°58.577' Reef DW Location: 70 nm east of Sapelo Island 2 Tug “Semarca 40” 45258.5/60952.5 31°42.434' / 79°58.281' Mean Low Water Depths: 150' - 170' Notes:

80˚ 30.0' W 80˚ 20.0' W 80˚ 10.0' W 80˚ 00.0' W 79˚ 50.0' W

R7 118º@16.3nm N Loran C Heading / Distance GPS # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W WW W E 1 1 Reef “DW” not buoyed 2 S 1 Dump Scow 45102.2/61008.5 31°21.525' / 79°50.403' 31˚ 40.0' N

R8 Notes: 058º@17.2nm

M2R6 31˚ 30.0' N 123º@22.7nm

Dolphin DW Coryphaena hippurus 31˚ 20.0' N 1 Description: Tapered, brightly-colored bodies with metallic blue-green 065º@16.8nm backs and golden sides with blue spots. Male “bull” = U.S. Navy Tower R3 dolphin have steep foreheads, while “cows” have rounded heads. Open- ocean, warm water fish. Nautical Miles Dive at your Attracted to floating debris own risk! and weedlines. Young “school” 0 10 20 dolphin average 2-3 lbs., while adults may reach 50 lbs. or more. Season: Regularly encountered near the warm waters of the Gulf Stream and in deeper shelf waters. Although commonly taken at the Navy Towers, dolphin are a rare summer visitor to Georgia reefs inside 30 nautical miles. Methods: Fast trolling with rigged dead baits and artificials. Keeping a hooked fish in the water next to the boat will frequently attract the remainder of the school, which can be cast to. Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Also referred to as “dolphinfish” or “mahi-mahi.” 56 57 Georgia Book alpha layout 10/16/01 11:40 AM Page 58

Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary LORAN C Heading / Distance GPS # Structure 7980-Z / 7980-X from BUOY Latitude N / Longitude W

Location: 17 nm east of Sapelo Island B Buoy “GRS” 45459.5/61516.5 31°24.005' / 80°52.201' Mean Low Water Depths: 55' - 70' 1 1'-3' Ledge & Outcrops 45458.1/61511.7 048° @ 0.53 nm 31°24.344' / 80°51.816' 2 1'-2' Ledge / Outcrops 45450.0/61503.4 090° @ 1.28 nm 31°24.074' / 80°50.720' 80˚ 54.0' W 80˚ 53.0' W 80˚ 52.0' W 80˚ 51.0' W 3 1'-2' Ledge 45444.0/61501.9 110° @ 1.74 nm 31°23.515' / 80°50.231' 4 1'-2' Ledge & Outcrops 45442.3/61510.8 142° @ 1.77 nm 31°22.688' / 80°50.770' 5 2'-3' Ledge & Outcrops 45457.7/61534.4 221° @ 1.72 nm 31°22.560' / 80°53.366' 1 6 1'-3' Ledge & Outcrops 45461.0/61531.0 237° @ 1.24 nm 31°23.191' / 80°53.330' 7 3' Ledge 45463.7/61529.2 257° @ 1.07 nm 31°23.622' / 80°53.387' 31˚ 24.0' N 2 8 4'-5' Ledge 45462.9/61527.7 256° @ 0.92 nm 31°23.652' / 80°53.223' 11 12 10 9 2'-3' Ledge 45462.3/61526.1 257° @ 0.79 nm 31°23.701' / 80°53.078' 9 10 3'-6' Ledge 45460.8/61521.7 272° @ 1.26 nm 31°23.870' / 80°52.678' 7 3 8 11 4'-5' Ledge 45465.4/61528.5 271° @ 1.06 nm 31°23.866' / 80°53.447' 13 12 1'-2' Ledges 45470.3/61535.6 273° @ 1.75 nm 31°23.855' / 80°54.253' 13 1'-2' Ledges & Outcrops 45468.0/61538.0 259° @ 1.83 nm 31°23.422' / 80°54.275' 31˚ 23.0' N 6

Notes: N 4

5 W E

S 31˚ 22.0' N

Sailfish Istiophorus platypterus Nautical Miles Dive at your own risk! Description: Body dark blue above, fading to 0 1/2 1 1 1/2 2 brownish-blue on the lower sides to silver BUOY to BUOY HEADINGS/DISTANCES white below. The sides feature 15-20 vertical bars consisting of small, TO Y“S” FROM RW“S” 115° @ 8.42 nm blue spots. Uniformly high, TO RW“S” FROM Y“S” 295° @ 8.42 nm sail-like, and with many small black spots, the TO “GRS” FROM Y“S” 162° @ 4.79 nm blue-black dorsal fin of this billfish is distinctive. TO Y“S” FROM “GRS” 342° @ 4.79 nm Most sailfish caught off Georgia are small, averaging less than 40 lbs. TO “GRS” FROM RW“D” 086° @ 16.63 nm TO RW“D” FROM “GRS” 266° @ 16.63 nm Season: Prefers warm water temperatures above 75˚ F. Occasionally encountered very close to shore during the Summer months. Caution! Locations of USCG buoys & other aids may change. Methods: Trolling with natural baits and artificial lures. Enclosed information not to be used as sole source for navigation. Notes: Release! May not be landed in Georgia. 58 59