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H.Doc. 108-224 Black Americans in Congress 1870-2007
“The Negroes’ Temporary Farewell” JIM CROW AND THE EXCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS FROM CONGRESS, 1887–1929 On December 5, 1887, for the first time in almost two decades, Congress convened without an African-American Member. “All the men who stood up in awkward squads to be sworn in on Monday had white faces,” noted a correspondent for the Philadelphia Record of the Members who took the oath of office on the House Floor. “The negro is not only out of Congress, he is practically out of politics.”1 Though three black men served in the next Congress (51st, 1889–1891), the number of African Americans serving on Capitol Hill diminished significantly as the congressional focus on racial equality faded. Only five African Americans were elected to the House in the next decade: Henry Cheatham and George White of North Carolina, Thomas Miller and George Murray of South Carolina, and John M. Langston of Virginia. But despite their isolation, these men sought to represent the interests of all African Americans. Like their predecessors, they confronted violent and contested elections, difficulty procuring desirable committee assignments, and an inability to pass their legislative initiatives. Moreover, these black Members faced further impediments in the form of legalized segregation and disfranchisement, general disinterest in progressive racial legislation, and the increasing power of southern conservatives in Congress. John M. Langston took his seat in Congress after contesting the election results in his district. One of the first African Americans in the nation elected to public office, he was clerk of the Brownhelm (Ohio) Townshipn i 1855. -
The Conservative Pipeline to the Supreme Court
The Conservative Pipeline to the Supreme Court April 17, 2017 By Jeffrey Toobin they once did. We have the tools now to do all the research. With the Federalist Society, Leonard Leo has reared a We know everything they’ve written. We know what they’ve generation of originalist élites. The selection of Neil Gorsuch is said. There are no surprises.” Gorsuch had committed no real just his latest achievement. gaffes, caused no blowups, and barely made any news— which was just how Leo had hoped the hearings would unfold. Leo has for many years been the executive vice-president of the Federalist Society, a nationwide organization of conservative lawyers, based in Washington. Leo served, in effect, as Trump’s subcontractor on the selection of Gorsuch, who was confirmed by a vote of 54–45, last week, after Republicans changed the Senate rules to forbid the use of filibusters. Leo’s role in the nomination capped a period of extraordinary influence for him and for the Federalist Society. During the Administration of George W. Bush, Leo also played a crucial part in the nominations of John Roberts and Samuel Alito. Now that Gorsuch has been confirmed, Leo is responsible, to a considerable extent, for a third of the Supreme Court. Leo, who is fifty-one, has neither held government office nor taught in a law school. He has written little and has given few speeches. He is not, technically speaking, even a lobbyist. Leo is, rather, a convener and a networker, and he has met and cultivated almost every important Republican lawyer in more than a generation. -
Transcript: Senate Armed Services Committee
HEARING OF THE SENATE ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE ANNUAL THREAT ASSESSMENT WITNESSES: MR. MIKE McCONNELL, DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE; LIEUTENANT GENERAL MICHAEL D. MAPLES, DIRECTOR, DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY; DR. THOMAS FINGAR, DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ANALYSIS & CHAIRMAN, NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE COUNCIL CHAIRED BY: SENATOR CARL LEVIN (D-MI) LOCATION: 216 HART SENATE OFFICE BUILDING, WASHINGTON, D.C. TIME: 9:35 A.M. EST DATE: TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 2007 SEN. LEVIN: (Strikes gavel.) Good morning, everybody. First we'd like to welcome our witnesses to today's hearing, congratulate Director McConnell on his confirmation, note this is the first time that he'll be testifying as the director of National Intelligence. And of course we're also glad to have General Maples from the DIA appearing here again, and also Dr. Tom Fingar, who is the deputy director of National Intelligence for Analysis as well as the chairman of the National Intelligence Council. We've asked our witnesses to address current and longer-term threats and intelligence challenges around the world. This committee has a special responsibility to the men and women of our armed forces to be vigilant on intelligence programs, because decisions on whether or not to use military force and the planning for military operations depend so heavily on intelligence. At the same time the intelligence community bears this heavy responsibility, it is burdened by skepticism about the accuracy of its assessments due to poor performance and manipulation of intelligence on Iraq prior to the invasion. The conflict in Iraq is consuming a large share of our intelligence capabilities, diminishing the ability of the intelligence community to support diplomacy, monitor threats and prepare for other contingencies. -
©2013 Luis-Alejandro Dinnella-Borrego ALL RIGHTS
©2013 Luis-Alejandro Dinnella-Borrego ALL RIGHTS RESERVED “THAT OUR GOVERNMENT MAY STAND”: AFRICAN AMERICAN POLITICS IN THE POSTBELLUM SOUTH, 1865-1901 By LUIS-ALEJANDRO DINNELLA-BORREGO A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History written under the direction of Mia Bay and Ann Fabian and approved by ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION “That Our Government May Stand”: African American Politics in the Postbellum South, 1865-1913 by LUIS-ALEJANDRO DINNELLA-BORREGO Dissertation Director: Mia Bay and Ann Fabian This dissertation provides a fresh examination of black politics in the post-Civil War South by focusing on the careers of six black congressmen after the Civil War: John Mercer Langston of Virginia, James Thomas Rapier of Alabama, Robert Smalls of South Carolina, John Roy Lynch of Mississippi, Josiah Thomas Walls of Florida, and George Henry White of North Carolina. It examines the career trajectories, rhetoric, and policy agendas of these congressmen in order to determine how effectively they represented the wants and needs of the black electorate. The dissertation argues that black congressmen effectively represented and articulated the interests of their constituents. They did so by embracing a policy agenda favoring strong civil rights protections and encompassing a broad vision of economic modernization and expanded access for education. Furthermore, black congressmen embraced their role as national leaders and as spokesmen not only for their congressional districts and states, but for all African Americans throughout the South. -
Program of the 76Th Annual Meeting
PROGRAM OF THE 76 TH ANNUAL MEETING March 30−April 3, 2011 Sacramento, California THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Society for American Archaeology provides a forum for the dissemination of knowledge and discussion. The views expressed at the sessions are solely those of the speakers and the Society does not endorse, approve, or censor them. Descriptions of events and titles are those of the organizers, not the Society. Program of the 76th Annual Meeting Published by the Society for American Archaeology 900 Second Street NE, Suite 12 Washington DC 20002-3560 USA Tel: +1 202/789-8200 Fax: +1 202/789-0284 Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.saa.org Copyright © 2011 Society for American Archaeology. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher. Program of the 76th Annual Meeting 3 Contents 4................ Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting Agenda 5………..….2011 Award Recipients 11.................Maps of the Hyatt Regency Sacramento, Sheraton Grand Sacramento, and the Sacramento Convention Center 17 ................Meeting Organizers, SAA Board of Directors, & SAA Staff 18 ............... General Information . 20. .............. Featured Sessions 22 ............... Summary Schedule 26 ............... A Word about the Sessions 28…………. Student Events 29………..…Sessions At A Glance (NEW!) 37................ Program 169................SAA Awards, Scholarships, & Fellowships 176................ Presidents of SAA . 176................ Annual Meeting Sites 178................ Exhibit Map 179................Exhibitor Directory 190................SAA Committees and Task Forces 194…….…….Index of Participants 4 Program of the 76th Annual Meeting Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting APRIL 1, 2011 5 PM Call to Order Call for Approval of Minutes of the 2010 Annual Business Meeting Remarks President Margaret W. -
Threatens America
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 117 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 167 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, MAY 24, 2021 No. 90 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Tuesday, May 25, 2021, at 12 p.m. Senate MONDAY, MAY 24, 2021 The Senate met at 3 p.m. and was Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, NOMINATION OF KRISTEN M. called to order by the President pro I ask unanimous consent that the order CLARKE tempore (Mr. LEAHY). for the quorum call be rescinded. Mr. MCCONNELL. On a completely f The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. different matter, when President HIRONO). Without objection, it is so or- Biden’s nominees have been qualified PRAYER dered. and mainstream, they received bipar- The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- f tisan cooperation. But the President’s fered the following prayer: RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY choice to head a key Division at the Let us pray. LEADER Department of Justice as an Assistant Eternal God, You place melodies in Attorney General failed to even ad- our hearts. Thank You for the music of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Re- vance out of the committee. Your mercies, for the harmonies of publican leader is recognized. The Democratic leader had to reach Your sacred words, and for the sym- f into the Judiciary Committee and res- phonies of Your unfailing love. May NATIONAL GUARD cue the nomination of Kristen Clarke. Our colleagues on the committee did Your songs that surround us in the spa- Mr. -
In Corporate Representation Geoffrey C
University of California, Hastings College of the Law UC Hastings Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship 2009 Legal and Managerial "Cultures" in Corporate Representation Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr. UC Hastings College of the Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship Recommended Citation Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., Legal and Managerial "Cultures" in Corporate Representation, 46 Houston Law Review 1 (2009). Available at: http://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship/1080 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ESSAY LEGAL AND MANAGERIAL "CULTURES" IN CORPORATE REPRESENTATION Geoffrey C. Hazard,Jr." TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODU CTION ......................................................................... 2 II. INDIVIDUAL CLIENTS ........................................4 III. TYPICAL CORPORATE MANAGERS AND PROPRIETORS ........:...... 6 IV. "CULTURE" IN CORPORATE CONTEXT .................................... 8 V. "CULTURE" IN REPRESENTATION OF CORPORATE CLIENTS ............................................................. 9 A. Benefit Versus Burden ............................................... 10 B. Certainty Versus Ambiguity ....................................... 12 C. Subjectivity Versus Objectivity ................................. -
Recommended Courses
Corporate and Securities Law For those interested in pursuing a practice in corporate and securities law, Professors Gulinello and Alden recommend the following courses: 2L: Fall: Spring: ● Business Organizations ● Securities Regulation ● Basic Federal Income Tax ● Business Tax Taking the foregoing recommended courses during the 2L year (along with the upper level UCC course covering ● Secured Transactions, which can be taken either 2L or 3L, as most convenient) will provide the core foundation of substantive knowledge for further work in the field, such as advanced capstone courses (e.g. Startups and Venture Capital Law, and Mergers and Acquisitions), the transactional clinic with Professor Wagner, and/or an externship with Professor Kinsley, as well as other advanced business law courses. More detailed descriptions of the foregoing courses and the reasons for their being recommended are set forth below. Absolutely Essential Courses: 1. ● Business Organizations Most operating businesses are conducted through corporate or LLC form, and most investment funds are organized as limited partnerships or LLCs. This course is an essential first or early step and should be considered a sine qua non for practice as a corporate and securities lawyer. Business Organizations and Securities Regulation are the two central courses at the heart of corporate and securities practice. 2. ● Securities Regulation As a general matter, all issuances of interests in corporations, partnerships and LLCs to passive investors (that is, most financing transactions, such as those involving the sale of stock, limited partnership interests and non-managing LLC membership interests) implicate the field of securities law, which is very heavily regulated and subject to severe potential civil and criminal penalties. -
Scrutinizing Federal Electoral Qualifications
Scrutinizing Federal Electoral Qualifications DEREK T. MULLER* Candidates for federal office must meet several constitutional qualifications. Sometimes, whether a candidate meets those qualifications is a matter of dispute. Courts and litigants often assume that a state has the power to include or exclude candidates from the ballot on the basis of the state’s own scrutiny of candidates’ qualifications. Courts and litigants also often assume that the matter is not left to the states but to Congress or another political actor. But those contradictory assumptions have never been examined, until now. This Article compiles the mandates of the Constitution, the precedents of Congress, the practices of states administering the ballot, and judicial precedents. It concludes that states have no role in evaluating the qualifications of congressional candidates—the matter is reserved to the people and to Congress. It then concludes that while states have the power to scrutinize qualifications for presidential candidates, they are not obligated to do so under the Constitution. If state legislatures choose to exercise that power, it comes at the risk of ceding reviewing power to election officials, partisan litigants, and the judiciary. The Article then offers a framework for future litigation that protects the guarantees of the Constitution, the rights of the voters, and the authorities of the sovereigns. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 560 I. CONSTITUTIONAL QUALIFICATIONS -
What Is the Best Money Spent with a Business Lawyer?
What Is The Best Money Spent With A Business Lawyer? phillipskaiser.com What Is The Best Money Spent With A Business Lawyer? According to a survey of corporate legal departments, relationships were the most important factor in evaluating the hiring of outside legal counsel, followed by: • Proven results • Responsiveness • Efficiency • Flexible pricing • Transparency in billing • Specialization “ We hire lawyers, not law firms ” If these factors matter in the business of law regarding the hiring of outside legal counsel, I am confident these factors are equally or more important to business owners seeking a lawyer. Lee Change, Chief Litigation Officer of Newegg, Inc., said, “We hire lawyers, not law firms.” So indeed, it comes down to likability and results followed by a host of other important qualifications. phillipskaiser.com Is It Worth Paying $1,000 Per Hour For Attorneys? Business Insider says, “Like a sick person, a company facing litigation is willing to spend big bucks to get out of trouble. It’s entirely justifiable, and lawyers are only too happy to oblige, billing clients for every minute worked, and then some.” ... how about paying more than $1,000 for an hour of legal advice? As an attorney, it’s more common than you would think. An example is the business owner who was charged 26 hours for a single day. Or the legal bill that pretty much represented 52 all-nighters in a row! Or how about paying more than $1,000 for an hour of legal advice? Other dangers of attorneys spending your money include: • Double-billing • Trivial tasks • Padding hours • Expense accounts • Overhead • Exorbitant hourly rates At Phillips | Kaiser we believe there is a better way for affordable, accountable, and results-driven legal representation. -
THE AMERICAN POWER All- Stars
THE AMERICAN POWER All- Stars Scorecard & Voting Guide History About every two years, when Congress takes up an energy bill, the Big Oil Team and the Clean Energy Team go head to head on the floor of the U.S. Senate -- who will prevail and shape our nation’s energy policy? The final rosters for the two teams are now coming together, re- flecting Senators’ votes on energy and climate legislation. Senators earn their spot on the Big Oil Team by voting to maintain America’s ailing energy policy with its en- trenched big government subsidies for oil companies, lax oversight on safety and the environment for oil drilling, leases and permits for risky sources of oil, and appointments of regulators who have cozy relationships with the industry. Senators get onto the Clean Energy Team by voting for a new energy policy that will move Amer- ica away from our dangerous dependence on oil and other fossil fuels, and toward cleaner, safer sources of energy like wind, solar, geothermal, and sustainable biomass. This new direction holds the opportunity to make American power the energy technology of the future while creating jobs, strengthening our national security, and improving our environment. Introduction Lobbyists representing the two teams’ sponsors storm the halls of the Congress for months ahead of the votes to sway key players to vote for their side. The Big Oil Team’s sponsors, which include BP and the American Petroleum Institute (API), use their colossal spending power to hire sly K-Street lobbyists who make closed-door deals with lawmakers, sweetened with sizable campaign contribu- tions. -
Cleared Direct Destination My Solo Flight Around the World for Cancer Awareness (An Autobiography)
Cleared Direct Destination My Solo Flight Around the World for Cancer Awareness (An Autobiography) i First Edition: 2019 ISBN: 978-0-578-59919-9 Price: INR 500/- USD 50/- © Ravi K. Bansal, Ph.D. All proceeds from the sale of this book will go toward funding the development and further growth of the Rotary Ambala Cancer and General Hospital, India. Cover Design by Dalar Nazarian, Ph.D. Printed & Published by: Rupa Packaging Industries 432, Phase-1, Sector-2, Industrial Growth Centre, Saha-133104, Ambala (India) Enquiries Contact: 91 98 12345068 (India), 01 (716) 866-0629 (USA) bansal.subhash [email protected] / [email protected] No part of this publication may be produced or transported in any form or by any means, digitally, electronically or mechanically, in- cluding photocopying, recording, broadcasting, podcasting of any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission in writing from the writer or publisher or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act (1956) (as amended). Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The views expressed in this book are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, printer, editor, or commentator. ii ABOUT THE AUTHOR Ravi K. Bansal, Ph.D. Ravi K. Bansal, Ph.D., an amateur pilot, flew his single-engine plane solo around the world in 2017, becoming the first person of Indian origin to do so. Ravi is the former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Co- Founder of AirSep Corporation, one of the world’s largest manufacturers of medical and industrial oxygen systems, with sales in over 100 countries, based in Buffalo, NY, USA.