DOCSLIB.ORG

International Organisation of Palaeobotany IOP NEWSLETTER

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
International Organisation of Palaeobotany IOP NEWSLETTER INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTION FOR PALAEOBOTANY International Organisation of Palaeobotany IOP NEWSLETTER 110 August 2016 CONTENTS FROM THE SECRETARY/TREASURER IPC XIV/IOPC X 2016 IOPC 2020 IOP MEMBERSHIP IOP EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ELECTIONS IOP WEBMASTER POSITION OBITUARY: Dr. Richard D. Dayvault WHAT HAPPENED TO THE OUPH COLLECTIONS? THE PALAEOBOTANY OF ITALY UPCOMING MEETINGS CALL FOR NEWS and NOTES The views expressed in the newsletter are those of its correspondents, and do not necessarily reflect the policy of IOP. Please send us your contributions for the next edition of our newsletter (June 2016) by May 30th, 2016. President: Johanna Eder-Kovar (Germany) Vice Presidents: Bob Spicer (Great Britain), Harufumi Nishida (Japan), Mihai Popa (Romania) Members at Large: Jun Wang (China), Hans Kerp (Germany), Alexej Herman (Russia) Secretary/Treasurer/Newsletter editor: Mike Dunn (USA) Conference/Congress Chair: Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos IOP Logo: The evolution of plant architecture (© by A. R. Hemsley) IOP 110 2 August 2016 included in that newsletter to the address at the end of this newsletter. FROM THE In addition, please send any issues that you SECRETARY/TREASURER think need to be addressed at the Business meeting. I will add those to the Agenda. Dear IOP Members, Respectfully, I am happy to report, that IOP seems to be on track and ready for a new Executive Mike Council to take over. The elections are progressing nicely and I will report the results in the September/October Newsletter. IPC XIV/IOPC X 2016 The one area that is still problematic is the webmaster position. We really to talk amongst ourselves, and find someone who is willing and able to do the job. I discuss the position in more detail below. Everything seems to be falling into place for IOPC X at Salvador Brazil. The Olympics seem to have gone well, so the Brazilians are all practiced as great hosts, so our meeting should be great fun. I look forward to seeing all of you there. As always I am eternally grateful for submissions to the newsletter, even if the The 2016 joint meeting of the International news is bad. Carole Gee reports on the bad Palynological Congress and the International news of the passing of Richard Dayvault, Organization of Palaeobotanists will be held and well as the good news of the publication 23-28 October 2016 at Salvador, Bahia, of ‘The Palaeobotany of Italy’. And Gar Brazil. The venue is The Bahia Othon Rothwell provided an important update on Palace. the status of the Ohio University Paleobotanical collections since his The homepage with registration details is up retirement from that institution. and running. I will publish one more newsletter in late The Website is: September-Early October to report on the results of the elections, the status of IOP, http://www.ipciopcbrazil.com/ and the upcoming IOPC 2016 meetings. The site is very easy to use, but if your As always, please send anything you want Institution has a robust Firewall the site may IOP 110 3 August 2016 be blocked as it was for me. I simply IOP EXECUTIVE registered from home and had no problem. COMMITTEE ELECTIONS Time is running out, but do please remember to double check the requirements for The IOP Executive Committee elections are entering Brazil. For example, US citizens underway and will be open until 30 August. need a visa, but every country is different. To date 73 members have voted for a participation rate of 26%. That is an even worse voting rate than American elections, and I know that you don’t want to make us IOPC 2020 Ugly Americans look good. So if you haven’t already, please vote. If you need At this time we have no official bids to host another ballot, please just let me know. IOPC2020. IOP Webmaster IOP MEMBERSHIP I was very sorry to accept the resignation of Thank you for the great response to the Alan Spencer as our Webmaster. Alan has recent call for membership updates. I did a done a great job for us for more than 10 hard cull to clean up the rolls for the years now, but he has decided that he needs incoming Secretary/Treasurer and so we to focus on other things. I would personally now have 279 members. I deleted any like to thank him publically, and member who was more than 2 years in acknowledge how much he has helped me arrears. I used the 2 year cut-off because the these past years. His help was invaluable. I current system won’t allow anyone to pay hope all of you also take the time to thank dues until after their membership has him for his service to IOP. expired, so it is easy to forget to pay when one’s membership expires on January 1. But it does mean that we need someone to take on that position. Alan has generously In addition, some members have a bias offered to be there to assist in the transition, against using Paypal. If there are issues with so things should go smoothly for our next Paypal, please let me know what they are, webmaster. If you have an interest in the and we can discuss them at the Business position, or know someone who would like Meeting. That system makes life very easy to serve IOP as Webmaster, please let me for the Secretary/Treasurer but if there are know as soon as possible. This position is problems we need to know what they are so not voted on, and you can serve as long or as we can address them. Sending checks in short of time as you would like. anything except US dollars is not helpful because the exchange costs are too Our organisation can’t function properly prohibitive. without a webmaster. Alan and our previous webmasters have done a great job of setting up and maintaining the site, so it just needs someone with the time and skills to keep it IOP 110 4 August 2016 running. Please consider this position, if it toxic uranium mine waste sites in western fits your agenda. Colorado, but on the weekends, he and his wife Jalena became avid fossil hunters of OBITUARY plants. In fact, Dick had collected fossil plants of all sorts for a number of decades; his email moniker was “geocycad.” Dr. Richard D. Dayvault 6 May 6 1948 – 29 August 2015 However, it was through the fossil cones, of which he had amassed hundreds of specimens from all over Utah, that we met. In 2007, Dick and Steven Hatch published an article on “Conifer Cones from the Jurassic and Cretaceous Rocks of Eastern Utah” in which they appealed to the paleobotanical world to have a closer look at these cones. Reading this article, I could not believe the wealth of three-dimensionally preserved cones that had been gathered together by Dick through the amalgamation of older private collections and his own dedicated collecting. By heeding his call in the article, Dick and I became friends, colleagues, and research partners in 2008 on conifer cones from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation from Utah and Dick Dayvault with wife Jalena in the Wyoming. Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of NE Utah Hence, we didn’t know each other very The last year has been an extremely sad one long—three years short of a decade—but we for all of us with the passing of so many would go prospecting for cones in Utah beloved paleobotanists and palynologists. pretty much every single year and As we mourn the loss of our colleagues, we collaborated intensively for an overview also reflect on their contribution to our field paper entitled "Palaeobiodiversity of conifer of science and personal enrichment to our seed cones in the Upper Jurassic Morrison lives. I’d like to tell you about my research Formation of Utah, USA,” which was partner and friend of mine, Dr. Richard D. published in Palaeobiodiversity and Dayvault, who died about a year ago. Palaeoenvironments just last year (June 2014). Dick was a professional geologist and mineralogist who worked on environmental Born and raised in North Carolina, Dick clean-up for and with the Department of spent his early years collecting rocks, Energy in Grand Junction, Colorado, for 35 minerals, and crystals. He took his interests years. Weekdays on the job, he cleaned up into college, where he received his B.S. and IOP 110 5 August 2016 M.S. degrees in Geology from East Carolina and hydrologist, by his mother Anna Lee, University in Greenville, N.C. Afterwards, brother Steve (and wife Paula) of North Dick moved on to the University of South Carolina, and honorary sister, K.D. Carolina in Columbia, where he was Curator Ashbrook of Grand Junction. at the L.L. Smith Geology Museum and taught physical and historical geology Yes, Dick and I had only seven years of classes. He then continued to teach these fieldwork and research together, and he has courses, plus igneous petrology labs, at East left us all much too soon, but Dick’s Carolina University. contributions to Jurassic paleobotany of North America and to the Morrison Thus, Dick was on the academic track, when Formation will stand forever. the call for a geoscientist drew him westward to the Department of Energy in Grand Junction, Colorado. Dick told me Carole Gee that this first road trip west—replete with University of Bonn gorgeous arid landscapes, breathtaking Germany geology, and wide open spaces—hooked him, like they continue to captivate me. Many of our long drives to fossil cone localities were spent chatting and taking in WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO the strikingly beautiful rock formations of THE OHIO UNIVERSITY eastern Utah.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fossils and Plant Phylogeny1
    American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1683±1699. 2004. FOSSILS AND PLANT PHYLOGENY1 PETER R. CRANE,2,5 PATRICK HERENDEEN,3 AND ELSE MARIE FRIIS4 2Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK; 3Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052 USA; 4Department of Palaeobotany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden Developing a detailed estimate of plant phylogeny is the key ®rst step toward a more sophisticated and particularized understanding of plant evolution. At many levels in the hierarchy of plant life, it will be impossible to develop an adequate understanding of plant phylogeny without taking into account the additional diversity provided by fossil plants. This is especially the case for relatively deep divergences among extant lineages that have a long evolutionary history and in which much of the relevant diversity has been lost by extinction. In such circumstances, attempts to integrate data and interpretations from extant and fossil plants stand the best chance of success. For this to be possible, what will be required is meticulous and thorough descriptions of fossil material, thoughtful and rigorous analysis of characters, and careful comparison of extant and fossil taxa, as a basis for determining their systematic relationships. Key words: angiosperms; fossils; paleobotany; phylogeny; spermatophytes; tracheophytes. Most biological processes, such as reproduction or growth distic context, neither fossils nor their stratigraphic position and development, can only be studied directly or manipulated have any special role in inferring phylogeny, and although experimentally using living organisms. Nevertheless, much of more complex models have been developed (see Fisher, 1994; what we have inferred about the large-scale processes of plant Huelsenbeck, 1994), these have not been widely adopted.
    [Show full text]
  • International Organisation of Palaeobotany IOP NEWSLETTER
    INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOLOGIC A L S C IENC ES S ECTION FOR P A L A EOBOTANY International Organisation of Palaeobotany IOP NEWSLETTER 110 August 2016 CONTENTS FROM THE SECRETARY/TREASURER IPC XIV/IOPC X 2016 IOPC 2020 IOP MEMBERSHIP IOP EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ELECTIONS IOP WEBMASTER POSITION WHAT HAPPENED TO THE OUPH COLLECTIONS? THE PALAEOBOTANY OF ITALY UPCOMING MEETINGS CALL FOR NEWS and NOTES The views expressed in the newsletter are those of its correspondents, and do not necessarily reflect the policy of IOP. Please send us your contributions for the next edition of our newsletter (June 2016) by M ay 30th, 2016. President: Johanna Eder-Kovar (G ermany) Vice Presidents: Bob Spicer (Great Britain), Harufumi Nishida (Japan), M ihai Popa (Romania) M embers at Large: Jun W ang (China), Hans Kerp (Germany), Alexej Herman (Russia) Secretary/Treasurer/Newsletter editor: M ike Dunn (USA) Conference/Congress Chair: Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos IOP Logo: The evolution of plant architecture (© by A. R. Hemsley) I OP 110 2 August 2016 FROM THE In addition, please send any issues that you think need to be addressed at the Business SECRETARY/TREASURER meeting. I will add those to the Agenda. Dear IOP Members, Respectfully, Mike I am happy to report, that IOP seems to be on track and ready for a new Executive Council to take over. The elections are IPC XIV/IOPC X 2016 progressing nicely and I will report the results in the September/October Newsletter. The one area that is still problematic is the webmaster position. We really to talk amongst ourselves, and find someone who is willing and able to do the job.
    [Show full text]
  • New Paleobotanical Data on the Portuguese Pennsylvanian (Douro Carboniferous Basin, NW Portugal)
    Versão online: http://www.lneg.pt/iedt/unidades/16/paginas/26/30/185 Comunicações Geológicas (2014) 101, Especial I, 409-414 IX CNG/2º CoGePLiP, Porto 2014 ISSN: 0873-948X; e-ISSN: 1647-581X New paleobotanical data on the Portuguese Pennsylvanian (Douro Carboniferous Basin, NW Portugal) Novos dados paleobotânicos do Pensilvaniano português (Bacia Carbonífera do Douro, NW Portugal) P. Correia1*, Z. Šimůnek2, J. Pšenička3, A. A. Sá4,5, R. Domingos6, A. Carneiro7, D. Flores1,7 Artigo Curto Short Article © 2014 LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Geologia e Energia IP Abstract: This paper describes nine new macrofloral taxa from 1. Introduction Douro Carboniferous Basin (lower Gzhelian) of Portugal. The plant assemblage is mainly composed by pteridophylls (Sphenopteriss The fossil flora of Carboniferous of Portugal is still little arberi Kidston, Sphenopteris fayoli Zeiller, Sphenopteris tenuis known. The new megafloral occurrences recently found in Schenk, Odontopteris schlotheimii Brongniart), sphenopsids the Upper Pennsylvanian strata of Douro Carboniferous (Annularia spicata Gutbier, Stellotheca robusta (Feistmantel) Basin (DCB) provide new and important data about Surange and Prakash, Calamostachys grandis Zeiller (Jongmans) and Calamostachys calathifera Sterzel) besides the gymnosperm paleobotanical richness and diversity of the Paleozoic Cordaites foliolatus Grand`Eury. The new data provide a better floras of Portugal offering more information to previous understating of the knowledge of Late Carboniferous floras of researches reported from diverse localities and by different Portugal, showing the high plant diversity of Gzhelian floras, when authors (e.g. Wenceslau de Lima, Bernardino António considerable changes in paleogeography and climate dynamics are Gomes, Carlos Ribeiro, Carríngton da Costa, Carlos evidenced in Euramerican floristic assemblages.
    [Show full text]
  • (Voltziales) from the Triassic of Antarctica
    Int. J. Plant Sci. 174(3):425–444. 2013. Ó 2013 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2013/17403-0014$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/668686 WHOLE-PLANT CONCEPT AND ENVIRONMENT RECONSTRUCTION OF A TELEMACHUS CONIFER (VOLTZIALES) FROM THE TRIASSIC OF ANTARCTICA Benjamin Bomfleur,1,* Anne-Laure Decombeix,y Ignacio H. Escapa,z Andrew B. Schwendemann,* and Brian Axsmith§ *Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, U.S.A., and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, U.S.A.; yUniversite´ Montpellier 2, Unite´ Mixte de Recherche Botanique et Bioinformatique de l’Architecture des Plantes (UMR AMAP), Montpellier, F-34000, France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000, France; zConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas y Te´cnicas—Museo Paleontologico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew, Chubut 9100, Argentina; and §Department of Biological Sciences, LSCB 124, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, U.S.A. We present a whole-plant concept for a genus of voltzialean conifers on the basis of compression/impression and permineralized material from the Triassic of Antarctica. The reconstruction of the individual organs is based on a combination of organic connections, structural correspondences, similarities in cuticles and epidermal morphologies, co-occurrence data, and ex situ palynology. The affiliated genera of organs include trunks, branches, and roots (Notophytum); strap-shaped leaves with parallel venation (Heidiphyllum compressions and permineralized Notophytum leaves); seed cones (Telemachus and Parasciadopitys); pollen cones (Switzianthus); and bisaccate pollen of Alisporites type. Structural similarities lead us to suggest that Parasciadopitys is the permineralized state of a Telemachus cone and should be treated as a junior synonym.
    [Show full text]
  • The Possible Pollen Cone of the Late Triassic Conifer Heidiphyllum/Telemachus (Voltziales) from Antarctica
    KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. The Possible Pollen Cone of the Late Triassic Conifer Heidiphyllum/ Telemachus (Voltziales) From Antarctica by Benjamin Bomfleur, Rudolph Serbet, Edith L. Taylor, and Thomas N. Taylor 2011 This is the published version of the article, made available with the permission of the publisher. The original published version can be found at the link below. Bomfleur, B., Serbet, R., Taylor, E., and Taylor, N. 2011. The Possible Pollen Cone of the Late Triassic Conifer Heidiphyllum/Telemachus (Voltziales) From Antarctica. Antarctic Science 23(4): 379-385. Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954102011000241 Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml This work has been made available by the University of Kansas Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication and Copyright. Antarctic Science 23(4), 379–385 (2011) & Antarctic Science Ltd 2011 doi:10.1017/S0954102011000241 The possible pollen cone of the Late Triassic conifer Heidiphyllum/Telemachus (Voltziales) from Antarctica BENJAMIN BOMFLEUR, RUDOLPH SERBET, EDITH L. TAYLOR and THOMAS N. TAYLOR Division of Paleobotany at the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA bbomfl[email protected] Abstract: Fossil leaves of the Voltziales, an ancestral group of conifers, rank among the most common plant fossils in the Triassic of Gondwana. Even though the foliage taxon Heidiphyllum has been known for more than 150 years, our knowledge of the reproductive organs of these conifers still remains very incomplete. Seed cones assigned to Telemachus have become increasingly well understood in recent decades, but the pollen cones belonging to these Mesozoic conifers are rare.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography of Isoetes
    BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ISOETES ALLEN, B.M. 1975. A note on the distribution of Isoetes in the Cadiz Province, Spain. Fern Gaz. (U.K.) 11 (2-3): 163-164 (1975). ALONSO, PAZ, E. 1989. Notas sobre plantas nuevas o interesantes para la flora Uruguaya: 1. (Notes on new or interesting plants for the Uruguayan flora: 1.) Comun. Bot. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo 5 (91): 1-4 (1989) - Isoetes pp.2-3 ALSTON, A.H.G. 1982. Isoetaceae: 1. In Steenis, C.G.G.J. van, Holttum, R. E., eds. Flora Malesiana, series 2. Pteridophytes, volume 1. The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr. W. Junk Publ. 62-64 (1982)- illus., chrom. nos., key. ANDREIS, C., RODONDI, G. 1987. Alcune stazioni di Isoetes echinospora Dur. nel Bresciano e osservazioni al SEM delle spore delle Isoetes della flora Italica. Natura Bresciana no.23: 119-130 (1986 publ. 1987) - illus., maps. 4, ANTHONY, N.C., & E.A. SCHELPE, 1985. Two new taxa and a new combination in southern African Pteridophyta. Bothalia, 15 (3 & 4): 554-555 (1985) ARREGUIN-SANCHEZ, M., 1986. Nuevos registros y taxa interesantes de pteridofitas del Valle de Mexico. (Isoetaceae, Psilotaceae y Selaginellaceae) Phytologia 59 (7): 451-453 (1986) ASH, S., & K.B. PIGG. 1991. A new Jurassic Isoetites (Isoetales) from the Wallowa Terrane in Hells Canyon Oregon and Idaho. Amer. J. Bot. 78: 1636-1642. BAJPAI, U., & H.K. MAHESHWARI,1985. EM studies on the megaspores of Isoetes coromandelina. Phytomorphology, 34 (1-4): 226-231 (1984 publ. 1985) - illus. BALDWIN, W.K.W. 1933. The organization of the young sporophyte of Isoetes engelmanni, A.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Microsporangiate Organ from the Lower Carboniferous of the Novgorod Region, Russia O
    ISSN 0031-0301, Paleontological Journal, 2009, Vol. 43, No. 10, pp. 1316–1329. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2009. A New Microsporangiate Organ from the Lower Carboniferous of the Novgorod Region, Russia O. A. Orlovaa, N. R. Meyer-Melikian†,a, and N. E. Zavialovab a Moscow State University (MGU), Leninskie gory 1, Moscow, 119991 Russia b Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 123, Moscow, 117997 Russia e-mail: [email protected] Received February 5, 2008 Abstract—A new species of the genus Telangiopsis, T. nonnae O. Orlova et Zavialova, was described on the basis of a microsporangiate organ from the Lower Carboniferous deposits of the Novgorod Region. The mor- phology of branching fertile axes, synangia, and sporangia was thoroughly studied. The three-dimensional sys- tem of fertile axes branches monopodially; ultimate axes bear numerous connivent bunches of synangia, which consist of three to six basally fused elongated ovate sporangia. The morphology and ultrastructure of prepollen grains were studied, which were extracted from the rock matrix surrounding the sporangia. The two-layered exine includes a well-developed endexine and an alveolate ectexine, with one–three rows of large thin-walled alveolae. The new species was compared with other Early Carboniferous microsporangiate organs. Key words: Early Carboniferous, Novgorod Region, fertile axis, synangia, Lyginopteridales, trilete prepollen, exine ultrastructure. DOI: 10.1134/S003103010910013X INTRODUCTION synangia and numerous casts and imprints of detached synangia were found in yellow ferruginous sandstone. During the three last decades, the interest of bota- In addition to the fertile axes, sterile remains of Lygi- nists dealing with fossil and modern plants to Carbon- nopteridales, Medullosales, and Calamopytiales were iferous synangiate pollen organs has considerably found (Orlova and Snigirevskii, 2003, 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • System Klasyfikacji Organizmów
    1 SYSTEM KLASYFIKACJI ORGANIZMÓW Nie ma dziś ogólnie przyjętego systemu klasyfikacji organizmów. Nie udaje się osiągnąć zgodności nie tylko w odniesieniu do zakresów i rang poszczególnych taksonów, ale nawet co do zasad metodologicznych, na których klasyfikacja powinna być oparta. Zespołowe dzieła przeglądowe z reguły prezentują odmienne i wzajemnie sprzeczne podejścia poszczególnych autorów, bez nadziei na consensus. Nie ma więc mowy o skompilowaniu jednolitego schematu klasyfikacji z literatury i system przedstawiony poniżej nie daje nadziei na zaakceptowanie przez kogokolwiek poza kompilatorem. Przygotowany został w oparciu o kilka zasad (skądinąd bardzo kontrowersyjnych): (1) Identyfikowanie ga- tunków i ich klasyfikowanie w jednostki rodzajowe, rodzinowe czy rzędy jest zadaniem specjalistów i bez szcze- gółowych samodzielnych studiów nie można kwestionować wyników takich badań. (2) Podział świata żywego na królestwa, typy, gromady i rzędy jest natomiast domeną ewolucjonistów i dydaktyków. Powody, które posłużyły do wydzielenia jednostek powinny być jasno przedstawialne i zrozumiałe również dla niespecjalistów, albowiem (3) podstawowym zadaniem systematyki jest ułatwianie laikom i początkującym badaczom poruszanie się w obezwładniającej złożoności świata żywego. Wątpliwe jednak, by wystarczyło to do stworzenia zadowalającej klasyfikacji. W takiej sytuacji można jedynie przypomnieć, że lepszy ułomny system, niż żaden. Królestwo PROKARYOTA Chatton, 1938 DNA wyłącznie w postaci kolistej (genoforów), transkrypcja nie rozdzielona przestrzennie od translacji – rybosomy w tym samym przedzia- le komórki, co DNA. Oddział CYANOPHYTA Smith, 1938 (Myxophyta Cohn, 1875, Cyanobacteria Stanier, 1973) Stosunkowo duże komórki, dwuwarstwowa błona (Gram-ujemne), wewnętrzna warstwa mureinowa. Klasa CYANOPHYCEAE Sachs, 1874 Rząd Stigonematales Geitler, 1925; zigen – dziś Chlorofil a na pojedynczych tylakoidach. Nitkowate, rozgałęziające się, cytoplazmatyczne połączenia mię- Rząd Chroococcales Wettstein, 1924; 2,1 Ga – dziś dzy komórkami, miewają heterocysty.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Sahanaj Jamil Associate Professor of Botany M.L.S.M. College, Darbhanga
    Subject BOTANY Paper No V Paper Code BOT521 Topic Taxonomy and Diversity of Seed Plant: Gymnosperms & Angiosperms Dr. Sahanaj Jamil Associate Professor of Botany M.L.S.M. College, Darbhanga BOTANY PG SEMESTER – II, PAPER –V BOT521: Taxonomy and Diversity of seed plants UNIT- I BOTANY PG SEMESTER – II, PAPER –V BOT521: Taxonomy and Diversity of seed plants Classification of Gymnosperms. # Robert Brown (1827) for the first time recognized Gymnosperm as a group distinct from angiosperm due to the presence of naked ovules. BENTHAM and HOOKSER (1862-1883) consider them equivalent to dicotyledons and monocotyledons and placed between these two groups of angiosperm. They recognized three classes of gymnosperm, Cyacadaceae, coniferac and gnetaceae. Later ENGLER (1889) created a group Gnikgoales to accommodate the genus giankgo. Van Tieghem (1898) treated Gymnosperm as one of the two subdivision of spermatophyte. To accommodate the fossil members three more classes- Pteridospermae, Cordaitales, and Bennettitales where created. Coulter and chamberlain (1919), Engler and Prantl (1926), Rendle (1926) and other considered Gymnosperm as a division of spermatophyta, Phanerogamia or Embryoptyta and they further divided them into seven orders: - i) Cycadofilicales ii) Cycadales iii) Bennettitales iv) Ginkgoales v) Coniferales vi) Corditales vii) Gnetales On the basis of wood structure steward (1919) divided Gymnosperm into two classes: - i) Manoxylic ii) Pycnoxylic The various classification of Gymnosperm proposed by various workers are as follows: - i) Sahni (1920): - He recognized two sub-divison in gymnosperm: - a) Phylospermae b) Stachyospermae BOTANY PG SEMESTER – II, PAPER –V BOT521: Taxonomy and Diversity of seed plants ii) Classification proposed by chamber lain (1934): - He divided Gymnosperm into two divisions: - a) Cycadophyta b) Coniterophyta iii) Classification proposed by Tippo (1942):- He considered Gymnosperm as a class of the sub- phylum pteropsida and divided them into two sub classes:- a) Cycadophyta b) Coniferophyta iv) D.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of the Female Conifer Cone Fossils, Morphology and Phylogenetics
    DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EVOLUTION OF THE FEMALE CONIFER CONE FOSSILS, MORPHOLOGY AND PHYLOGENETICS Daniel Bäck Degree project for Bachelor of Science with a major in Biology BIO602, Biologi: Examensarbete – kandidatexamen, 15 hp First cycle Semester/year: Spring 2020 Supervisor: Åslög Dahl, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Examiner: Claes Persson, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Front page: Abies koreana (immature seed cones), Gothenburg Botanical Garden, Sweden Table of contents 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 2 2 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Brief history of Florin’s research ............................................................................... 3 2.2 Progress in conifer phylogenetics .............................................................................. 4 3 Aims .................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Materials and Methods ........................................................................................................ 4 4.1 Literature: ................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 RStudio: .....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Study of the Primary Vascular System Of
    ArneI'. J. Bot. 5.5(4): 447-457. 1968. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PRIMARY VASCULAR SYSTElVI OF CONIFERS. 1. GENERA WITH HELICAL PHYLLOTAXISl KADAMBARI K. N AMBOODIRI2 AND CHARLES B. BECK Department of Botany, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ABSTRACT The primary vascular system of 23 species belonging to 18 genera of conifers with helical phyllotaxis has been investigated with the intent of determining the architecture .f the system. Special attention has been given to nodal and subnodal relations of the vascular bundles. The vascular system seems to be composed solely of relatively discrete sympodia, that is, axial vascu­ lar bundles from which leaf traces branch unilaterally. Although the discreteness of the syrn­ podia is not immediately apparent because of their undulation and lateral contacts with neigh­ boring ones, close examination, including a statistical analysis of the tangential contacts, seems to reveal that each sympodium maintains its identity throughout. Although two traces may be apparent at nodal levels, the trace supply to a leaf originates, in all species, as a single bundle. An analysis is made of the relationship between the vasculature and the phyllotaxis. It is ob­ served that the direction of trace divergence can be accurately predicted when the direction of the ontogenetic spiral, the angle of divergence of leaf traces, and the number of syrnpodia are known. THE ORIGIN and evolution of gymnosperms that of the ferns by reduction (Jeffrey, 1902, are significant problems that deserve increased 1917). Consequently, he considered the leaf gap attention. There have been few modern compara­ of seed plants to be homologous with that of tive studies of extant gymnosperms, and most the ferns.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollination Drop in Relation to Cone Morphology in Podocarpaceae: a Novel Reproductive Mechanism Author(S): P
    Pollination Drop in Relation to Cone Morphology in Podocarpaceae: A Novel Reproductive Mechanism Author(s): P. B. Tomlinson, J. E. Braggins, J. A. Rattenbury Source: American Journal of Botany, Vol. 78, No. 9 (Sep., 1991), pp. 1289-1303 Published by: Botanical Society of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2444932 . Accessed: 23/08/2011 15:47 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Botanical Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to American Journal of Botany. http://www.jstor.org AmericanJournal of Botany 78(9): 1289-1303. 1991. POLLINATION DROP IN RELATION TO CONE MORPHOLOGY IN PODOCARPACEAE: A NOVEL REPRODUCTIVE MECHANISM' P. B. TOMLINSON,2'4 J. E. BRAGGINS,3 AND J. A. RATTENBURY3 2HarvardForest, Petersham, Massachusetts 01366; and 3Departmentof Botany, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Observationof ovulatecones at thetime of pollinationin the southernconiferous family Podocarpaceaedemonstrates a distinctivemethod of pollencapture, involving an extended pollinationdrop. Ovules in all generaof the family are orthotropousand singlewithin the axil of each fertilebract. In Microstrobusand Phyllocladusovules are-erect (i.e., the micropyle directedaway from the cone axis) and are notassociated with an ovule-supportingstructure (epimatium).Pollen in thesetwo genera must land directly on thepollination drop in theway usualfor gymnosperms, as observed in Phyllocladus.In all othergenera, the ovule is inverted (i.e., the micropyleis directedtoward the cone axis) and supportedby a specializedovule- supportingstructure (epimatium).
    [Show full text]