From Oulu to Järvenpää
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From Oulu to Järvenpää The Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions from 2001 to 2012 Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 11 The Church and Action From Oulu to Järvenpää The Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions from 2001 to 2012 Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 11 The Church and Action National Church Council Department for International Relations Helsinki 2014 From Oulu to Järvenpää The Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions from 2001 to 2012 © National Church Council Department for International Relations Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 11 The Church and Action Documents exchanged between the churches (consultations and reports) Tasknumber: 2014-00319 Editor: Tomi Karttunen Translator: Malcolm Hicks Book design: Unigrafia/ Hanna Sario Layout: Emma Martikainen ISBN 978-951-789-465-4 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-789-466-1 (PDF) ISSN 2341-9393 (Print) ISSN 2341-9407 (Online) Unigrafia Helsinki 2014 CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................... 5 Oulu 2001 THE SEVENTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND, 2001 Communiqué ............................................................................................ 24 Prerequisites for Church unity Metropolitan Johannes of Nicaea ................ 30 The prerequisites for church unity from the perspective of the Lutheran Church Rev. Dr Risto Cantell ..................................................................... 38 Perspectives on the church’s diaconal mission in society Protopresbyter Heikki Huttunen ................................................................ 50 The church’s diaconal mission in society Rev. Irja Askola .......................... 57 Joensuu 2007 THE EIGHTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND, 2007 Communiqué ............................................................................................ 64 Sanctification and asceticism Dean Lic. Th. Matti Poutiainen .................... 69 Sanctification and asceticism M. Th. Aino Nenola ...................................... 82 Violence in the family and in personal relations Rev. Mari Kinnunen ......... 86 Violence in the family and in personal relations Fr Rauno Pietarinen ....... 100 Helsinki 2009 THE NINTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND, 2009 Communiqué .......................................................................................... 108 Inter-faith encounters – a challenge for our time Metropolitan Ambrosius ............................................................................ 113 Inter-faith encounters as a universal challenge Adjunct professor Jyri Komulainen ............................................................. 121 The language of faith BishopVoitto Huotari .............................................. 138 The languages of faith. How does the church relate to modern man? Lic. Th. Pekka Metso ................................................................................ 149 Helsinki 2010 THE TENTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND, 2010 Communiqué .......................................................................................... 168 The traditional Lutheran view of the Bible Rev. Dr Sammeli Juntunen ..... 172 Interpretation of the Bible in the teachings of the church Fr Dr Mikael Sundkvist ............................................................................ 190 Moderation and an ecological way of life - the Lutheran viewpoint Prof. Antti Raunio .................................................................................... 206 Moderation and an ecological way of life Protopresbyter Heikki Huttunen ............................................................. 217 Järvenpää 2012 THE ELEVENTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND Communiqué .......................................................................................... 228 Opening address at the Eleventh Theological Discussions between the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and the Orthodox Church of Finland, Järvenpää, 22nd–23rd November, 2012 Bishop Seppo Häkkinen ............................................................................ 232 God, known and unknown – the confessed God Rev. Dr Ari Ojell .......... 234 God, known and unknown Archimandrite Andreas Larikka ..................... 243 God, known and unknown – A Lutheran and ecumenical viewpoint Rev. Dr Tomi Karttunen ........................................................................... 257 The home as the source of a Christian upbringing M. Div. Soili Penttonen ............................................................................ 273 INTRODUCTION Introduction Bilateral dialogue between the two folk churches of Finland, the Evangelical Lu- theran Church (ELCF) and the Orthodox Church (OCF), began in 1989 on the initiative of Archbishop John Vikström.1 Metropolitan Johannes (1923–2010), who was the Orthodox chair of the dialogue in 1989–2001, was also an important figure in the early years. Before this dialogue, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland had already been engaged in theological discussions with the Russian Orthodox Church since 1970. The national Finnish dialogue takes place in a context where the two churches are living in the same society but according to different ecclesiological traditions, although they have been mutually enriched by a thousand years of coexistence of the Eastern and Western church traditions in Finland. An especially cordial ecumenical relationship has developed between these churches since the Second World War. The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland is the majority church, with 75% of the population as its members, while the Orthodox Church is a minority church, with its members comprising 1.1% of the population. The Finnish Orthodox Church has been and still is ecumenically more influ- ential than its size in Finland would indicate. Its obvious strength is that there is only one local Orthodox Church in Finland – in spite of the historical existence of two Russian Orthodox congregations in Helsinki belonging to the Patriarchate of Moscow - and thereby has a special vocation in Finnish society. The situation would be quite different if there were numerous Orthodox immigrant churches with varying ethnic backgrounds. Now numerous ethnic groups are mostly find their way into this one church. The context of the Finnish Orthodox Church as a minority church in a West- ern context has contributed to her creative and active international ecumenical input. As the examples of Metropolitan Johannes of Nicea and many others show, the contribution of the Finnish Orthodox Church has also been widely valued. As an autonomous church under the Patriarchate of Constantinople, also located geographically between East and West, it has also faced many challenges. Its re- 1 Further information regarding these dialogues is available in the theological bulletin Reseptio 1/2009 of the Department for International Relations of the Church Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and in the papers by Pekka Metso: Evaluation of the Dialogue between the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and the Orthodox Church of Finland (pp. 188–200) and Kalevi Toiviainen: The Discussions between the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and the Finnish Orthodox Church, 1989–2007. The bulletin is available in pdf form on the website: http://sakasti.evl.fi/sakasti.nsf/0/10FE7C6FC73BEDC2 C22576F2004102B3/$FILE/Reseptio1_2009.pdf 5 lationship with the Patriarchate of Moscow, for instance, has not always been an easy one.2 The experiences gathered in the Finnish Orthodox-Lutheran encounters were also made use of in the WCC Special Commission on Orthodox Participation.3 Metropolitan Ambrosius of Helsinki from the Orthodox Church of Finland and Bishop Voitto Huotari from the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland took an active part in the work of this commission, and also chaired the Finnish Orthodox- Lutheran dialogues after Metropolitan Johannes and Bishop Kalevi Toiviainen. The Orthodox Church of Finland is nowadays growing mostly because of immigration. Accordingly, its fashioning as a home church for Orthodox immi- grants of every age group has been raised up as a major challenge in its current strategy. On the other hand, it is losing members in the rural areas and a chal- lenge of a quite different kind is to organize parish work in large areas with only a few Orthodox parishioners. The ecumenical dialogue between these two churches has been characterized by three aims: 1) to deepen mutual knowledge and learn from the other tradi- tion, 2) to eliminate misunderstandings and 3) to support fellowship and unity. The most important results of the dialogue are to start with in the pastoral sphere, dealing with intermarriage and practical solutions for supporting ecumeni- cal marriages. Secondly, the two churches have also promoted common witness on contemporary issues, and thirdly, the contribution of the dialogues has been theologically inspiring and refreshing. The growing number of Orthodox theo- logians with a thorough theological education has