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Oregon Historic Trails Report Book (1998)
i ,' o () (\ ô OnBcox HrsroRrc Tnans Rpponr ô o o o. o o o o (--) -,J arJ-- ö o {" , ã. |¡ t I o t o I I r- L L L L L (- Presented by the Oregon Trails Coordinating Council L , May,I998 U (- Compiled by Karen Bassett, Jim Renner, and Joyce White. Copyright @ 1998 Oregon Trails Coordinating Council Salem, Oregon All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Oregon Historic Trails Report Table of Contents Executive summary 1 Project history 3 Introduction to Oregon's Historic Trails 7 Oregon's National Historic Trails 11 Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail I3 Oregon National Historic Trail. 27 Applegate National Historic Trail .41 Nez Perce National Historic Trail .63 Oregon's Historic Trails 75 Klamath Trail, 19th Century 17 Jedediah Smith Route, 1828 81 Nathaniel Wyeth Route, t83211834 99 Benjamin Bonneville Route, 1 833/1 834 .. 115 Ewing Young Route, 1834/1837 .. t29 V/hitman Mission Route, 184l-1847 . .. t4t Upper Columbia River Route, 1841-1851 .. 167 John Fremont Route, 1843 .. 183 Meek Cutoff, 1845 .. 199 Cutoff to the Barlow Road, 1848-1884 217 Free Emigrant Road, 1853 225 Santiam Wagon Road, 1865-1939 233 General recommendations . 241 Product development guidelines 243 Acknowledgements 241 Lewis & Clark OREGON National Historic Trail, 1804-1806 I I t . .....¡.. ,r la RivaÌ ï L (t ¡ ...--."f Pðiräldton r,i " 'f Route description I (_-- tt |". -
Révision Taxinomique Et Nomenclaturale Des Rhopalocera Et Des Zygaenidae De France Métropolitaine
Direction de la Recherche, de l’Expertise et de la Valorisation Direction Déléguée au Développement Durable, à la Conservation de la Nature et à l’Expertise Service du Patrimoine Naturel Dupont P, Luquet G. Chr., Demerges D., Drouet E. Révision taxinomique et nomenclaturale des Rhopalocera et des Zygaenidae de France métropolitaine. Conséquences sur l’acquisition et la gestion des données d’inventaire. Rapport SPN 2013 - 19 (Septembre 2013) Dupont (Pascal), Demerges (David), Drouet (Eric) et Luquet (Gérard Chr.). 2013. Révision systématique, taxinomique et nomenclaturale des Rhopalocera et des Zygaenidae de France métropolitaine. Conséquences sur l’acquisition et la gestion des données d’inventaire. Rapport MMNHN-SPN 2013 - 19, 201 p. Résumé : Les études de phylogénie moléculaire sur les Lépidoptères Rhopalocères et Zygènes sont de plus en plus nombreuses ces dernières années modifiant la systématique et la taxinomie de ces deux groupes. Une mise à jour complète est réalisée dans ce travail. Un cadre décisionnel a été élaboré pour les niveaux spécifiques et infra-spécifique avec une approche intégrative de la taxinomie. Ce cadre intégre notamment un aspect biogéographique en tenant compte des zones-refuges potentielles pour les espèces au cours du dernier maximum glaciaire. Cette démarche permet d’avoir une approche homogène pour le classement des taxa aux niveaux spécifiques et infra-spécifiques. Les conséquences pour l’acquisition des données dans le cadre d’un inventaire national sont développées. Summary : Studies on molecular phylogenies of Butterflies and Burnets have been increasingly frequent in the recent years, changing the systematics and taxonomy of these two groups. A full update has been performed in this work. -
MOTHS and BUTTERFLIES LEPIDOPTERA DISTRIBUTION DATA SOURCES (LEPIDOPTERA) * Detailed Distributional Information Has Been J.D
MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES LEPIDOPTERA DISTRIBUTION DATA SOURCES (LEPIDOPTERA) * Detailed distributional information has been J.D. Lafontaine published for only a few groups of Lepidoptera in western Biological Resources Program, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada. Scott (1986) gives good distribution maps for Canada butterflies in North America but these are generalized shade Central Experimental Farm Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 maps that give no detail within the Montane Cordillera Ecozone. A series of memoirs on the Inchworms (family and Geometridae) of Canada by McGuffin (1967, 1972, 1977, 1981, 1987) and Bolte (1990) cover about 3/4 of the Canadian J.T. Troubridge fauna and include dot maps for most species. A long term project on the “Forest Lepidoptera of Canada” resulted in a Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (Agassiz) four volume series on Lepidoptera that feed on trees in Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Canada and these also give dot maps for most species Box 1000, Agassiz, B.C. V0M 1A0 (McGugan, 1958; Prentice, 1962, 1963, 1965). Dot maps for three groups of Cutworm Moths (Family Noctuidae): the subfamily Plusiinae (Lafontaine and Poole, 1991), the subfamilies Cuculliinae and Psaphidinae (Poole, 1995), and ABSTRACT the tribe Noctuini (subfamily Noctuinae) (Lafontaine, 1998) have also been published. Most fascicles in The Moths of The Montane Cordillera Ecozone of British Columbia America North of Mexico series (e.g. Ferguson, 1971-72, and southwestern Alberta supports a diverse fauna with over 1978; Franclemont, 1973; Hodges, 1971, 1986; Lafontaine, 2,000 species of butterflies and moths (Order Lepidoptera) 1987; Munroe, 1972-74, 1976; Neunzig, 1986, 1990, 1997) recorded to date. -
Geographic Variations in Water Quality and Recreational Use Along the Upper Wallowa River and Selected Tributaries
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Theodore R. McDowellfor the degree ofDoctor of Philosophy in Geography presented on December 21, 1979 Title:Geographic Variations in Water Quality and Recreational Use Along the Upper Wallowa River and Selected Tributaries Abstract approved: Redacted for privacy Assistant Pro(sp)sornarl es Rosenfeld Physical, chemical and bacterial water quality parameters of the upper Wallowa River were sampled periodically between July 2, 1978 and June 9, 1979 at nine stream and lake sampling sites.Water upstream from Wallowa Lake was typified by low nutrient concentra- tions ( generally below detectable limits except for nitrates), low. specific conductivity (50-99 micromhos), and water temperatures below 15°C.Results of bacterial sampling were inconclusive, but sites and areas warranting further study were identified. An intensive study of spatial variations in bacterial water quality and recreational use was conducted at 15 stream and lake sampling sites on the East Fork of the Wallowa River between July 5 and September 3, 1979.Streamflow, precipitation, water temperatures, and fecal coliform bacteria counts were determined two or three times per week and during storm events.Levels and patterns of recreational use were also monitored during that period.Fecal coliform counts varied significantly (at the 0.001 p level) with geographic patterns of recreational use, but there was no significant relationship between levels of recreational use.Bacterial water quality also varied signi- ficantly (at the 0.001 p level) between -
Yukon Butterflies a Guide to Yukon Butterflies
Wildlife Viewing Yukon butterflies A guide to Yukon butterflies Where to find them Currently, about 91 species of butterflies, representing five families, are known from Yukon, but scientists expect to discover more. Finding butterflies in Yukon is easy. Just look in any natural, open area on a warm, sunny day. Two excellent butterfly viewing spots are Keno Hill and the Blackstone Uplands. Pick up Yukon’s Wildlife Viewing Guide to find these and other wildlife viewing hotspots. Visitors follow an old mining road Viewing tips to explore the alpine on top of Keno Hill. This booklet will help you view and identify some of the more common butterflies, and a few distinctive but less common species. Additional species are mentioned but not illustrated. In some cases, © Government of Yukon 2019 you will need a detailed book, such as , ISBN 978-1-55362-862-2 The Butterflies of Canada to identify the exact species that you have seen. All photos by Crispin Guppy except as follows: In the Alpine (p.ii) Some Yukon butterflies, by Ryan Agar; Cerisy’s Sphynx moth (p.2) by Sara Nielsen; Anicia such as the large swallowtails, Checkerspot (p.2) by Bruce Bennett; swallowtails (p.3) by Bruce are bright to advertise their Bennett; Freija Fritillary (p.12) by Sonja Stange; Gallium Sphinx presence to mates. Others are caterpillar (p.19) by William Kleeden (www.yukonexplorer.com); coloured in dull earth tones Butterfly hike at Keno (p.21) by Peter Long; Alpine Interpretive that allow them to hide from bird Centre (p.22) by Bruce Bennett. -
Alberta Wild Species General Status Listing 2010
Fish & Wildlife Division Sustainable Resource Development Alberta Wild Species General Status Listing - 2010 Species at Risk ELCODE Group ID Scientific Name Common Name Status 2010 Status 2005 Status 2000 Background Lichens Cladonia cenotea Powdered Funnel Lichen Secure Cladonia cervicornis Lichens Ladder Lichen Secure verticillata Lichens Cladonia chlorophaea Mealy Pixie-cup Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia coccifera Eastern Boreal Pixie-cup Lichen Undetermined Lichens Cladonia coniocraea Common Pixie Powderhorn Secure Lichens Cladonia cornuta Bighorn Pixie Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia cornuta cornuta Bighorn Pixie Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia crispata Organpipe Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia cristatella British Soldiers Lichen Secure Cladonia Lichens Mealy Pixie-cup Lichen Undetermined cryptochlorophaea Lichens Cladonia cyanipes Blue-footed Pixie Lichen Sensitive Lichens Cladonia deformis Lesser Sulphur-cup Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia digitata Fingered Pixie-cup Lichen May Be At Risk Lichens Cladonia ecmocyna Orange-footed Pixie Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia fimbriata Trumpeting Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia furcata Forking Lichen Sensitive Lichens Cladonia glauca Glaucous Pixie Lichen May Be At Risk Lichens Cladonia gracilis gracilis Gracile Lichen May Be At Risk Lichens Cladonia gracilis turbinata Bronzed Lichen Secure Lichens Cladonia grayi Gray's Pixie-cup Lichen May Be At Risk Lichens Cladonia humilis Humble Pixie-cup Lichen Undetermined Lichens Cladonia macilenta Lipstick Powderhorn Lichen Secure Cladonia macilenta Lichens -
Conservation Overview of Butterflies in the Southern Headwaters at Risk Project (SHARP) Area
Conservation Overview of Butterflies in the Southern Headwaters at Risk Project (SHARP) Area Al Alberta Species at Risk Report No. 80 Conservation Overview of Butterflies in the Southern Headwaters at Risk Project (SHARP) Area Norbert G. Kondla Alberta Species at Risk Report No. 80 January 2004 Publication No. I/136 ISBN: 0-7785-2954-1 (Printed Edition) ISBN: 0-7785-2955-X (On-line Edition) ISSN: 1496-7219 (Printed Edition) ISSN: 1496-7146 (On-line Edition) Cover photograph: Norbert Kondla, Plebejus melissa (Melissa Blue), Maycroft, AB For copies of this report, contact: Information Centre- Publications Alberta Environment/ Alberta Sustainable Resource Development Main Floor, Great West Life Building 9920- 108 Street Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5K 2M4 Telephone: (780) 422-2079 OR Information Service Alberta Environment/ Alberta Sustainable Resource Development #100, 3115- 12 Street NE Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 7J2 Telephone: (403) 297- 3362 OR Visit our web site at: http://www3.gov.ab.ca/srd/fw/riskspecies/ This publication may be cited as: Kondla, N.G. 2004. Conservation overview of butterflies in the southern headwaters at risk project (SHARP) area. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish and Wildlife Division, Alberta Species at Risk Report No. 80. Edmonton, AB. 35 pp. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................................ ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... -
Oregon State Parks
iocuN OR I Hi ,tP7x OREGON STATE PARKS HISTORY 1917-1963 \STATE/ COMPILED by CHESTER H. ARMSTRONG JULY I. 1965 The actual date of the i is less than thirty years ag older, supported by a few o were an innovation as so lit The Oregon parks system o beautification advocated b: Governors, the early State ] neers. The records reveal out areas, made favorable were generous with their Roy A. Klein, State Highk& ary 29, 1932, as a leader wl The state parks system thought of highway beauti many highway users who h who could not well afford t] In the park story we fii the many influential people complete, it is necessary to thought or trend in the idea the thought of highway be, may see and follow the trai present state narks system. In the preparation of th $ been examined. It was neck ing to property acquisitions deeds and agreements. as tln records of the Parks Divisik Excellent information h; State Parks and Recreatioi A Public Relations Office. As many etbers. I Preface The actual date of the founding of the Oregon State Parks System is less than thirty years ago but the fundamental principles are much older, supported by a few of the leading park people of that time. They were an innovation as so little had been done by any state in the Union. The Oregon parks system owes its beginning to the thought of highway beautification advocated by many leaders of the state, including the Governors, the early State Highway Commissioners and Highway Engi- neers. -
Recreation Overview
APPENDIX 8-1 RECREATION OVERVIEW SUMMARY: Recreation and tourism are increasingly important parts of Wallowa County’s economy. Overall tourism and recreation spending has doubled over the last ten years, with an increased emphasis on conventional tourism (As opposed to more traditional recreation such as hunting, fishing and backcountry trips, conventional tourism is more centered on nice lodging, fine dining, shopping and sight seeing). People come to Wallowa County for scenery, solitude, camping, picnicking, boating, snow and water skiing, snowmobiling, auto touring, hiking and backpacking, horseback riding, fishing, hunting, and to visit the shops, galleries and restaurants in the Joseph and the Wallowa Lake area.. Recreation is centered around Wallowa Lake and the Eagle Cap Wilderness and to a lesser extent the streams and rivers of the County including the Snake River and the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area. Tourism is centered around Joseph and the Wallowa Lake area. PAST AND PRESENT: Recreation and tourism are considered a primary part of the County’s economy , and are the fastest growing segment of the economy. Wallowa Lake and Joseph are the center of tourism in the County and the State Park at Wallowa Lake is a major attraction. The Joseph Economic Improvement District and resultant improvements has turned Joseph into a center for tourism, and has led to a doubling of businesses on main street. This industry is highly seasonal and operates from late May to mid October, with peak activity from the first of July to mid October. The tourist facilities at the lake, including the State Park parking area, the moorage and docks, short term rentals, the motels, and the restaurants, now stand idle during the winter months. -
Field-Trip Guide to the Vents, Dikes, Stratigraphy, and Structure of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Eastern Oregon and Southeastern Washington
Field-Trip Guide to the Vents, Dikes, Stratigraphy, and Structure of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Eastern Oregon and Southeastern Washington Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–N U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. Palouse Falls, Washington. The Palouse River originates in Idaho and flows westward before it enters the Snake River near Lyons Ferry, Washington. About 10 kilometers north of this confluence, the river has eroded through the Wanapum Basalt and upper portion of the Grande Ronde Basalt to produce Palouse Falls, where the river drops 60 meters (198 feet) into the plunge pool below. The river’s course was created during the cataclysmic Missoula floods of the Pleistocene as ice dams along the Clark Fork River in Idaho periodically broke and reformed. These events released water from Glacial Lake Missoula, with the resulting floods into Washington creating the Channeled Scablands and Glacial Lake Lewis. Palouse Falls was created by headward erosion of these floodwaters as they spilled over the basalt into the Snake River. After the last of the floodwaters receded, the Palouse River began to follow the scabland channel it resides in today. Photograph by Stephen P. Reidel. Field-Trip Guide to the Vents, Dikes, Stratigraphy, and Structure of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Eastern Oregon and Southeastern Washington By Victor E. Camp, Stephen P. Reidel, Martin E. Ross, Richard J. Brown, and Stephen Self Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–N U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior RYAN K. ZINKE, Secretary U.S. -
Transportation Development Division
SECTION II TRAFFIC VOLUMES ON STATE HIGHWAYS An asterisk (*) appearing to the left of a count location description indicates an Automatic Traffic Recorder (ATR) Station or Automatic Vehicle Classification (AVC) Station. See Section IV of this book for 2017 monthly traffic volumes, high hour volumes or historical trends at these stations. 29 30 2017 TRAFFIC VOLUMES ON STATE HIGHWAYS 2017 AADT All ATR Milepoint Vehicles AVC Location Description PACIFIC HIGHWAY NO. 1 Milepoint indicates distance from Oregon-California State Line 0.00 16900 Oregon-California State Line 5.02 16800 0.30 mile south of Siskiyou Interchange Neil Creek Automatic Traffic Recorder, Sta. 15-002, 0.86 mile south of Rogue Valley Highway No. 63 11.03 17200 * Interchange (OR99) 13.67 16600 0.50 mile south of Green Springs Highway Interchange (OR66) 18.11 28100 * North Ashland Automatic Traffic Recorder, Sta. 15-021, 0.98 mile south of North Ashland Interchange 19.87 39000 0.77 mile north of North Ashland Interchange 23.90 41500 0.50 mile south of Fern Valley Road Interchange 26.91 43100 0.30 mile south of South Medford Interchange Medford Viaduct Automatic Traffic Recorder, Sta. 15-019, 1.96 miles southeast of the North Medford 28.33 53200 * Interchange 30.59 42700 0.30 mile north of Crater Lake Highway Interchange (OR62) 34.94 38800 0.50 mile south of Seven Oaks Interchange 36.04 41100 0.60 mile north of Seven Oaks Interchange 42.84 40000 * Gold Hill Automatic Traffic Recorder, Sta. 15-001, 2.77 miles south of the Homestead Interchange 44.97 40300 0.50 mile east of Rogue River Highway (OR99), Homestead Interchange 45.61 39300 On Rogue River Bridge 48.32 39100 0.50 mile east of Rogue River Interchange 55.38 37800 0.40 mile south of East Grants Pass Interchange (US199) 57.56 28600 0.50 mile south of Redwood Highway (OR99), North Grants Pass Interchange 61.05 31700 0.40 mile south of Louse Creek Interchange Grave Creek Automatic Traffic Recorder, Sta. -
CONFLICTS in the MULTIPLE USE of WALLOWA LAKE Abstract Approved Redacted for Privacy Keith W
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF KENNETH MAC KENZIE CRAIG for the MASTER OF SCIENCE (Name) (Degree) in GEOGRAPHY presented on May 3, 1967 (Major) (Date) Title: CONFLICTS IN THE MULTIPLE USE OF WALLOWA LAKE Abstract approved Redacted for Privacy Keith W. Muckleston The purpose of this thesis is to examine the problem of the increasing competition between recreation and irrigation at Wallowa Lake. Originally Wallowa Lake was an abundant source of fish for the Indians but the advent of irrigation in the area by the early o settlers eliminated the blueback salmon (Ancorhynchus nerka) run that spawned in the lake. This was caused by the establishment of unscreened irrigation ditches in the Wallowa River below the lake and the construction of a concrete dam in the outlet of the lake by . the Associated Ditch Companies. The dam raised the natural level of the lake 28.4 feet, creating an irrigation reservoir. The use of this water for irrigation purposes has caused considerable erosion along the steep banks of the east and west moraines, reducing the desirability of the beaches and hampering the use of boating facilities. The Pacific Power and Light Company used a considerable amount of water from the lake for their generating plant in Joseph from 1929 to 1956. This limited the number of times the lake was filled to capacity, lessening the amount of sloughing of the relatively undeveloped shoreline property around the lake since the greatest damage occurred when the lake was full. After 1950, many more people purchased lots and built cabins on the west moraine and became increasingly aware of the erosion of their property.