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Patrimoine D'ivry La bande à Bonnot La presse les surnommait les « bandits en auto » ou la « bande tragique »... Qui étaient les membres de la bande à Bonnot ? Jules Bonnot et sa famille à Genève (Suisse), Portrait anthropométrique de Jules Bonnot. Préfecture de police de Paris. Tous droits réservés. vers 1905. DR. Jules Bonnot. Né en 1876 à Pont-de-Roide (Doubs), Bonnot a une jeunesse tourmentée. Ayant perdu précocement sa mère, il abandonne vite l’école, entre en apprentissage et subit déjà plusieurs condamnations. En 1901, il se marie avec une jeune couturière, Sophie. Mécanicien habile, il travaille en Suisse, à Lyon et à Saint-Etienne, mais ses positions syndicalistes et anarchistes lui valent souvent de se retrouver au chômage. Sa femme l’ayant quitté en emmenant son fils, Bonnot s’installe à Lyon. Il y fréquente des anarchistes « illégalistes », considérant le vol comme un acte révolutionnaire. En 1911, Bonnot monte un atelier de réparation lui servant à écouler des voitures volées : recherché par la police, il part pour Paris en compagnie de Platano, un anarchiste italien. En route, Platano est tué d’une balle de revolver. Un accident, affirmera Bonnot qui, à Paris, se lie avec un groupe de militants. Les membres de la bande. Les jeunes gens avec qui Bonnot entre en contact se retrouvent dans un pavillon de Romainville, siège du journal L’Anarchie . Plusieurs d’entre eux se sont connus en Belgique, dont certains sont natifs. Végétariens, ne buvant pas d’alcool, ils pratiquent la solidarité et apprécient lecture, musique et théâtre. L’arrivée de Bonnot a un effet déclencheur : si l’idée d’un chef est étrangère aux anarchistes, Bonnot, plus expérimenté, joue virtuellement ce rôle dans le passage à l’acte : il repère et conduit les automobiles volées pour les braquages. Octave Garnier. Raymond Callemin. Octave Garnier et Raymond Callemin , dit « Raymond la Science», sont les principaux complices de Bonnot : ils prennent part à toutes les actions. Le jeune Garnier, 22 ans, est l’auteur de la plupart des meurtres commis par la bande. Un double assassinat, à Thiais, est attribué à Edouard Carouy , 29 ans, et à son complice, l’Ardéchois Marius Metge . Rien n’indique que ce coup ait été concerté avec les autres membres, toutefois, Edouard Carouy. Marius Metge. Etienne Monier. le crime de Thiais sera confondu avec ceux de la bande. Originaire du Roussillon, Etienne Monier rejoint le groupe sous le nom de « Simentoff » et participe au braquage de Chantilly. Lié à la bande, Eugène Dieudonné est accusé d’avoir participé au premier braquage, à Paris, mais cela ne sera jamais clairement établi. Né en Belgique de parents russes, Victor Kibaltchiche dirige et anime le journal L’Anarchie sous le nom de «Victor Serge», avec sa . e g a Eugène Dieudonné. Victor Kibaltchiche. Rirette Maîtrejean. compagne Rirette Maîtrejean . S’il désapprouve les F s n méthodes de ses amis, le couple en héberge certains par o i t i d solidarité. Victor et Rirette seront arrêtés, officiellement E / s pour détention d’armes. i r a P e Ces arrestations ont peut-être motivé les deux plus jeunes d e c i l membres du groupe dans leur passage à l’acte : o p e André Soudy , 20 ans, tuberculeux, et René Valet , 21 ans, d e r prendront part au braquage meurtrier de Chantilly. u t c e f é r P René Valet. André Soudy. Panneaux réalisés par le service des Archives municipales et le service Information Remerciements : Archives départementales du Val-de-Marne Préfecture de police de Paris Frédéric Lavignette © Septembre 2011 I T I I T I I T I I T I PLACE JEAN FERRAT GENDARMERIE SENTIER DE LA LIBERTÉ RUE RENÉ VILLARS 103 AVENUE MAURICE THOREZ Une équipée sanglante De décembre 1911 à mars 1912, Bonnot et ses acolytes multiplient les coups de main violents. Sur leur chemin, six personnes trouveront la mort. Rappel des faits. Nuit du 13 au 14 décembre 1911 Bonnot, Garnier et Callemin volent une automobile au domicile de M. Normand, rentier, à Boulogne (Seine). 21 décembre 1911 Garnier, Callemin et un troisième homme attaquent Ernest Caby, garçon de recettes à la Société générale, rue Ordener, à Paris. Caby s’effondre, atteint par deux balles. Les bandits lui dérobent sa sacoche, contenant des titres et de l’argent, et s’enfuient à bord de la voiture volée conduite par Bonnot. Le butin est maigre mais ce braquage - un des premiers commis à l’aide d’une automobile - a un retentissement considérable. Le véhicule est retrouvé le lendemain à Dieppe (Seine-Inférieure). Nuit du 24 au 25 décembre 1911 Rue Lafayette, à Paris, une armurerie est cambriolée. Une autre le sera dans la nuit du 10 au 11 janvier, boulevard Haussmann. Nuit du 2 au 3 janvier 1912 A Thiais (Seine), Carouy et Metge cambriolent et assassinent un vieux rentier, M. Moreau, et sa bonne, Louise Le Petit Parisien , supplément illustré, 7 janvier 1912. Prêt Frédéric Lavignette. Arfeux. Il n’est pas établi que cette action ait été concertée avec le reste de la bande. Nuit du 31 janvier au 1 er février 1911 A Gand (Belgique), Bonnot, Garnier et Carouy tentent de dérober une voiture dans le garage d’un médecin. Surpris par le chauffeur, ils le tuent. Dans leur fuite, ils tirent également sur André Soudy pose un veilleur de nuit. avec une carabine. Photo réalisée par la police après 27 février 1912 son arrestation. Le matin, Bonnot, Callemin et Garnier volent la voiture de M. Buisson, à Saint-Mandé (Seine). Préfecture de police de Paris. Vers 20h, rue du Havre à Paris, un gardien de la paix, François Garnier, tente de les interpeller Tous droits réservés. en raison de la conduite dangereuse du véhicule. L’agent est abattu par Garnier. Nuit du 29 février 1912 A Pontoise (Seine-et-Oise), Bonnot, Callemin et Garnier tentent de cambrioler l’étude de Maître Tintant, notaire. Ce dernier, réveillé par le bruit, parvient à les mettre en fuite. 19 mars 1912 Garnier adresse une lettre au juge d’instruction Gilbert et à Xavier Guichard, chef de la Sûreté parisienne. Dans cette lettre, publiée le 21, le jeune bandit provoque la police et innocente Dieudonné, qui vient d’être arrêté. Nuit du 19 au 20 mars 1912 A Chatou (Seine-et-Oise), les malfaiteurs tentent de dérober la voiture de M. Palmas. Surpris par le chauffeur de ce dernier, ils prennent la fuite. 25 mars 1912 A Montgeron (Seine-et-Oise), le trio habituel renforcé de Monier, Valet et Soudy, attaque une limousine qui devait être livrée sur la Côte-d’Azur. Le chauffeur, Célestin Mathillé, est abattu. Le jeune employé qui l’accompagne est blessé. Avec la voiture, les bandits vont braquer la succursale de la Société générale à Chantilly (Oise). Deux employés, MM. Trinquet et Legendre, sont tués. Les bandits filent en trombe avec le butin à bord de la voiture pilotée par Bonnot. Le Petit Journal , supplément illustré, 7 avril 1912. « Les crimes de la bande des voleurs d’automobiles - A Chantilly ». Prêt Frédéric Lavignette. Louis Jouin. Droits réservés / Ed. Fage. Jouin sur la piste de Bonnot Dirigée par le commissaire Guichard, la Sûreté parisienne est aux trousses des bandits. Le numéro deux de la Sûreté, Louis Jouin, mène les investigations autour de la capitale. Depuis plusieurs jours, il fait suivre Etienne Monier, alias Simentoff, localisé dans Paris. Monier est suspecté d’avoir organisé pour la bande un coup - raté - à Alès (Gard). Le 24 avril, à 6h30 du matin, Jouin procède à l’arrestation de Monier à l’hôtel de la Lozère, boulevard de Ménilmontant. En fouillant Monier, les policiers trouvent des lettres adressées à deux sympathisants anarchistes déjà repérés : Cardi, à Alfortville, et Gauzy, à Ivry. Il est décidé de procéder à la Le Hall populaire . L’immeuble est toujours perquisition de leur domicile. visible au 63, avenue Maurice Thorez. Archives municipales / Perquisition au Petit-Ivry Prêt de Pierre Dupuis. Vers onze heures moins le quart, accompagné de trois inspecteurs et d’un sous-brigadier, Jouin se présente au domicile de Gauzy, au 63 de la rue de Paris - l’actuelle avenue Maurice Thorez. Antoine Gauzy et sa femme habitent l’immeuble depuis trois ans. Au rez-de-chaussée, ils tiennent un magasin de nouveautés et de confection, le Hall populaire . Leur logement est au premier étage, sur rue. Lorsqu’ils arrivent chez Gauzy, Jouin et ses collègues trouvent le commerçant avec Cardi. L’inspecteur montre un portrait de Bonnot à Gauzy. Ce dernier aurait énergiquement affirmé qu’il ne connaissait pas le bandit, et que Cardi et lui étaient seuls dans les locaux. 24 avril 1912 : La tragédie d’Ivry L’opinion s’impatiente, certains journaux se déchaînent : la police est-elle en mesure de neutraliser les coupables ? Des complices et des receleurs, pourtant, sont arrêtés. Et au mois d’avril, un épisode dramatique mais décisif se joue à Ivry. Une rencontre inattendue La canne sous le bras, sans arme, Jouin commence ensuite la perquisition. Accompagné des inspecteurs Robert et Colmar, il monte au premier étage et pénètre dans l’appartement des Gauzy. Après avoir franchi la salle Monier, dit Simentoff. à manger, Jouin et Colmar s’engagent dans une des deux chambres. Les volets sont clos et les rideaux tirés. Archives départementales Une silhouette est tapie dans un coin, derrière une table. du Val-de-Marne (2 J 360). « - Mais c’est Bonnot ! » se serait alors écrié Jouin. Une rixe s’engage dans la chambre. En dépit des deux hommes qui tentent de le maîtriser, Bonnot parvient à faire usage de son revolver à quatre reprises... Après les détonations, l’inspecteur Robert, qui était resté en arrière, accourt dans la chambre.
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