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(Oneota) Exploitation of Bison, Elk, and Deer at the Howard Goodhue Site, Central Iowa Jeremy Nathan Hall Iowa State University

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(Oneota) Exploitation of Bison, Elk, and Deer at the Howard Goodhue Site, Central Iowa Jeremy Nathan Hall Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2007 Late prehistoric (Oneota) exploitation of bison, elk, and deer at the Howard Goodhue site, central Iowa Jeremy Nathan Hall Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Hall, Jeremy Nathan, "Late prehistoric (Oneota) exploitation of bison, elk, and deer at the Howard Goodhue site, central Iowa" (2007). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15023. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15023 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Late Prehistoric (Oneota) exploitation of bison, elk, and deer at the Howard Goodhue site, central Iowa by Jeremy Nathan Hall A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: Anthropology Program of Study Committee: Matthew G. Hill, Major Professor Nancy R. Coinman Paul F. Anderson Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2007 Copyright © Jeremy Nathan Hall, 2007. All rights reserved. UMI Number: 1444586 UMI Microform 1444586 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ii For my mother. For my wife. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ vi LIST OF FIGURES.............................................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................viii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND RESEARCH ............................................... 1 RESEARCH PROBLEM AND GOAL ........................................................................................... 1 THEORETICAL APPROACH........................................................................................................ 2 Central Place Foraging .............................................................................................................. 3 Marginal Value Theorem .......................................................................................................... 4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT AND GAME AVAILABILITY................................................ 6 ONEOTA ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Moingona Phase........................................................................................................................ 9 Howard Goodhue Site ............................................................................................................. 10 Current Knowledge of Oneota Faunal Exploitation................................................................ 14 ORGANIZATION OF RESEARCH ............................................................................................. 14 CHAPTER 2 MIDDLE RANGE RESEARCH.................................................................................... 17 ETHNOHISTORICAL OBSERVATIONS OF LARGE GAME EXPLOITATION .................... 19 Bison........................................................................................................................................ 19 Procurement and Transport............................................................................................... 19 Butchery and Consumption .............................................................................................. 20 White-Tailed Deer................................................................................................................... 22 Procurement and Transport............................................................................................... 22 Butchery and Consumption .............................................................................................. 23 Elk .......................................................................................................................................... 24 Procurement and Transport............................................................................................... 24 Butchery and Consumption .............................................................................................. 25 ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY OF LARGE GAME EXPLOITATION............................................. 25 Nunamiut................................................................................................................................. 26 Butchery Process............................................................................................................... 26 Consumption and Processing............................................................................................ 27 !Kung Bushmen....................................................................................................................... 28 Butchery Process and Snacking Behavior ........................................................................ 29 Food Preparation............................................................................................................... 31 Hadza....................................................................................................................................... 32 O’Connell et al. (1988) ..................................................................................................... 32 Bunn et al. (1988) ............................................................................................................. 34 OBSERVATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 35 CHAPTER 3 METHODS .................................................................................................................... 38 BASIC DOCUMENTATION........................................................................................................ 39 QUANTIFICATION...................................................................................................................... 40 Number of Identified Specimens............................................................................................. 40 Minimum Number of Elements............................................................................................... 41 Minimum Number of Individuals............................................................................................ 42 iv Minimum Number of Animal Units........................................................................................ 43 BONE MODIFICATION............................................................................................................... 43 Non-Cultural Modifications.................................................................................................... 43 Carnivore and Rodent Modification ................................................................................. 43 Cultural Modifications............................................................................................................ 45 Breakage ........................................................................................................................... 45 Burning ............................................................................................................................. 47 Cutmarks........................................................................................................................... 47 FRAGMENTATION ..................................................................................................................... 48 Percent Complete .................................................................................................................... 48 NISP:MNE .............................................................................................................................. 48 Fragment Size.......................................................................................................................... 49 DENSITY-MEDIATED ATTRITION.......................................................................................... 49 SKELETAL ELEMENT ECONOMIC UTILITY......................................................................... 50 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................... 52 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASSEMBLAGE ..................................................... 52 SKELETAL ELEMENT FREQUENCIES.................................................................................... 57 Number of Identified Specimens............................................................................................
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