DOCSLIB.ORG

De Plasmodium Benedicte Gnangnon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
De Plasmodium Benedicte Gnangnon Caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle de la pseudo-tyrosine kinase-like (pTKL) de plasmodium Benedicte Gnangnon To cite this version: Benedicte Gnangnon. Caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle de la pseudo-tyrosine kinase-like (pTKL) de plasmodium. Médecine humaine et pathologie. Université de Lille, 2019. Français. NNT : 2019LILUS003. tel-02170170 HAL Id: tel-02170170 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02170170 Submitted on 1 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université de Lille Ecole Doctorale Biologie Santé de Lille N° Ordre Thèse Pour l’obtention du titre de Docteur de l’Université de Lille Discipline : Aspects Moléculaires et Cellulaires de la Biologie Caractérisation Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle de la pseudo-Tyrosine Kinase-like (pTKL) de Plasmodium Présentée et soutenue publiquement par Bénédicte Gnangnon le 29 Mars 2019 Jury Professeur Jean-François Bodart Président du jury Docteur Blandine Franke-Fayard Rapporteur Docteur Mauld Lamarque Rapporteur Docteur Serge Roche Examinateur Docteur Jamal Khalife Examinateur Docteur Christine Pierrot Directrice de thèse Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille – Équipe Biologie des Parasites Apicomplexes INSERM U1019 – CNRS UMR 8204 – Institut Pasteur de Lille 2 Remerciements Je remercie le Docteur Camille Locht, directeur du Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), pour m’avoir autorisée à effectuer ma thèse au sein du centre de recherche qu’il préside. Je remercie les Docteurs Blandine Franke-Fayard, Mauld Lamarque et Serge Roche d’avoir accepté de faire partie du jury de thèse et d’évaluer mon travail. Je remercie le Professeur Christophe Biot pour ses conseils et ses apports lors des Comités de Suivi Individuel (CSI). Je remercie aussi le Professeur Jean-François Bodart qui a également activement pris part aux CSI et qui a de plus accepté de présider le jury de thèse. Je remercie le Docteur Jamal Khalife de m’avoir permis de rejoindre l’équipe 2 du CIIL et de m’avoir confié ce projet de recherche. Merci de m’avoir donné les moyens de collecter les données qui sont présentées dans ce manuscrit et merci d’avoir participé à l’encadrement de mon projet de thèse. Je remercie le Docteur Christine Pierrot pour avoir encadré ma thèse avec un optimisme, une bonne humeur, une empathie et un sens de l’écoute à toute épreuve. Merci de m’avoir fait confiance et de m’avoir amenée à gagner en autonomie dans la concrétisation de ce projet de recherche. Merci de m’avoir soutenue et encouragée, et merci de m’être venue en aide de bien des manières lors des périodes chargées. Je remercie le Docteur Mathieu Gissot pour m’avoir fait profiter de son regard extérieur et critique sur le projet de recherche, ainsi que pour son soutien et son « cheering up ». Je remercie le Docteur Sabrina Marion pour m’avoir fait profiter de son expertise en microscopie et en trafficking, ainsi que pour ses encouragements. Je remercie le Professeur El-Moukhtar Aliouat ainsi que les Docteurs Colette Dissous, Raymond Pierce, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz, Flavie Courjol, Maïka Deffieu, Emmanuel Roger et Julien Lancelot pour toutes les discussions que nous avons eues et qui ont contribué à ma formation de doctorante. Un grand merci également au Docteur Anne Bouchut pour sa sympathie et pour m’avoir fait profiter de son réseau. Je remercie les ITA de toutes les versions de l’équipe 2 : Caro, Jacques, Ludo, Sophia, Stéphanie et Thomas. Merci pour votre pédagogie, votre bonne humeur et tous les coups de main ! Je remercie le Docteur Aline Fréville pour avoir partagé avec moi ses connaissances et pour m’avoir transmis nombre de ses compétences en matière de manipulation et d’analyse phénotypique chez P. berghei, sans lesquelles PbpTKL serait toujours un mystérieux mystère. Merci aussi pour nos discussions, nos fous rires et les difficultés que nous avons surmontées ensemble. Je remercie tous les personnes qui ont collaboré au projet : le Docteur David Tulasne et l’Ingénieure Catherine Leroy de l’UMR 8161 – M3T, les Docteurs Katia Cailliau et Alain 3 Martoriati de l’UMR 8576 – UGSF, le Docteur Chiara Guerrera et Vincent Jung de la Plateforme 3P5-Necker, les Docteurs Olivier Silvie et Priyanka Fernandes du CIMI Paris. Merci à tous pour votre professionnalisme, votre efficacité et votre réactivité. Je remercie le Docteur Kevin Lesage pour sa gentillesse et pour avoir relu et participé aux corrections de ce manuscrit, à la virgule près, avec sa dulcinée que je remercie également beaucoup pour son énergie et sa gentillesse. Je remercie tous les étudiants, anciens et actuels, de l’équipe 2 : Amir, Anaïs, Astrid, Cécilia, Géraldine, Lucile, Marion, Quentin, Sarah, Sylia, Thomas. Merci aux anciens de m’avoir accueillie et formée techniquement, merci à ceux qui sont arrivés plus récemment de m’avoir fait confiance et de m’avoir permis de contribuer à leur formation. Merci également aux étudiants, doctorants et post-doctorants rencontrés en-dehors de l’équipe 2 pour votre sympathie, votre aide et nos discussions : Ariane, Inès, Mélodie, Olivia, Tarun. Merci à tous pour tous les bons moments que nous avons passés ensemble, merci pour toutes les fois où nous nous sommes entraidés et soutenus. Je remercie tous les autres collaborateurs du Campus Pasteur Lille, scientifiques ou non, pour tous les services rendus, pour la compréhension dont vous avez parfois fait preuve et pour votre aide au quotidien. Je remercie tous les membres du Think Tank ‘Éthique & Recherche’ de m’avoir acceptée dans leur groupe. Prendre part aux réunions et aux journées thématiques ‘Éthique pour une Conduite Responsable en Recherche’ a été très enrichissant. Je remercie les professeurs qui sont restés en contact avec moi après que j’aie quitté HEI : Claude Baumgarten et son épouse Pascale, Philippe Gautret, Patrick Leghié et David Marseault. Merci pour vos enseignements, votre sympathie, vos encouragements et tous nos échanges très enrichissants. Je remercie mes amies Anne, Graziella, Iuliana et Manuela, tous les membres des familles Lovi, Vodougnon et Faidherbe, mon frangin Oscar et mes parents, ainsi que tous mes proches. Merci d’avoir essayé de comprendre ce en quoi consistait mon projet de recherche, merci pour le partage des bons et des mauvais moments, merci pour votre soutien indéfectible, merci pour vos conseils en matière de développement personnel, et merci de m’avoir sorti le nez de mes cultures lorsque l’occasion se présentait. Je remercie toutes les personnes que j’ai oubliées dans cette liste. MERCI à tous, je vous souhaite le meilleur sur tous les plans ! 4 Résumé Le paludisme, première endémie parasitaire mondiale ayant engendré près d’un demi-million de morts en 2017 (d’après l’OMS), est due à une infection par un parasite du genre Plasmodium. Cet apicomplexe infecte, au cours de son cycle de vie, un hôte définitif, un moustique femelle du genre Anopheles, et un hôte intermédiaire homéotherme (l’Homme pour au moins 6 espèces). Chez ce dernier, après une phase de développement hépatique, le parasite envahit puis lyse les érythrocytes. L’accroissement exponentiel de la parasitémie engendre les symptômes du paludisme et permet la production de formes sexuées (gamétocytes) qui seront transmises au vecteur arthropode, permettant ainsi la complétion du cycle de vie du parasite. Plasmodium a co-évolué avec ses hôtes et mis en place divers modes de régulation de l’expression de ses gènes. La phosphorylation est l’une des modifications post-traductionnelles majeures et rapides qu’il utilise pour répondre aux changements environnementaux auxquels il est confronté au cours de son cycle de vie. Nombre de ses kinases et phosphatases jouent un rôle essentiel dans l’invasion de cellules hôtes, la croissance et la division cellulaires, ainsi que la motilité de certains stades. En revanche, le rôle des cinq pseudokinases de Plasmodium dans son développement n’a jusqu’ici pas été exploré. Durant ma thèse, j’ai caractérisé l’unique pseudo-Tyrosine Kinase-like (pTKL) de Plasmodium et étudié son rôle au cours du cycle intra-érythrocytaire du parasite. L’annotation de la pTKL de P. falciparum (PfpTKL) m’a permis d’identifier différents domaines et motifs, et notamment un domaine SAM (Sterile Alpha Motif), deux motifs RVxF (connus pour leur capacité d’interaction avec la Protéine Phosphatase de type 1, PP1) et un pseudo-domaine kinase appartenant à la famille des Tyrosine Kinases-like (TKL). Nous avons montré que ce pseudo-domaine kinase est capable de lier l’ATP de manière cation-indépendante, mais est dépourvu d’activité enzymatique. Des études d’interaction in vitro couplées à l’utilisation de modèles hétérologues (Levure, ovocytes de Xénope) m’ont permis d’identifier deux protéines parasitaires partenaires de PfpTKL : le domaine SAM de PfpTKL interagit directement avec la pseudo-protéase PfSERA5 (SErine Repeat Antigen 5), alors que les deux régions de la protéine contenant les motifs RVxF de PfpTKL interagissent avec PfPP1c (phosphatase majeure de Plasmodium). De façon intéressante, le deuxième motif RVxF est directement impliqué dans l’interaction avec PP1c et serait capable de moduler l’activité de cette dernière de manière allostérique. La localisation de la pTKL de P. berghei (PbpTKL) a ensuite été étudiée par immunofluorescence et confirmée par des expériences de fractionnement cellulaire. Nous avons ainsi observé que PbpTKL est exportée dans l’érythrocyte infecté au stade trophozoïte, puis retenue dans le parasite et la vacuole parasitophore au stade schizonte.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Redalyc.Studies on Coccidian Oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida)
    Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ISSN: 0103-846X [email protected] Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária Brasil Pereira Berto, Bruno; McIntosh, Douglas; Gomes Lopes, Carlos Wilson Studies on coccidian oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, vol. 23, núm. 1, enero-marzo, 2014, pp. 1- 15 Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária Jaboticabal, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=397841491001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Review Article Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol., Jaboticabal, v. 23, n. 1, p. 1-15, Jan-Mar 2014 ISSN 0103-846X (Print) / ISSN 1984-2961 (Electronic) Studies on coccidian oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Estudos sobre oocistos de coccídios (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Bruno Pereira Berto1*; Douglas McIntosh2; Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes2 1Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil 2Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil Received January 27, 2014 Accepted March 10, 2014 Abstract The oocysts of the coccidia are robust structures, frequently isolated from the feces or urine of their hosts, which provide resistance to mechanical damage and allow the parasites to survive and remain infective for prolonged periods. The diagnosis of coccidiosis, species description and systematics, are all dependent upon characterization of the oocyst. Therefore, this review aimed to the provide a critical overview of the methodologies, advantages and limitations of the currently available morphological, morphometrical and molecular biology based approaches that may be utilized for characterization of these important structures.
    [Show full text]
  • IMMUNE RESPONSE of BROILER CHICKENS to CAECAL COCCIDIOSIS USING EXO and ENDOGENOUS STAGES of Eimeria Tenella
    IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKENS TO CAECAL COCCIDIOSIS USING EXO AND ENDOGENOUS STAGES OF Eimeria tenella BY PAUL DAVOU KAZE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY, FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA JANUARY, 2017 IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKENS TO CAECAL COCCIDIOSIS USING EXO AND ENDOGENOUS STAGES OF Eimeria tenella BY Paul Davou KAZE B. Sc Hons (ABU) 1994; M.Sc, (UNIJOS) 2006 PhD/VET- MED /04981/2009-2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA ,NIGERIA JANUARY, 2017 i DECLARATION I declare that the work in this Thesis entitled “Immune Response of Broiler Chickens to Caecal Coccidiosis Using Exo and Endogenous Stages of Eimeria tenella” has been performed by me in the Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology. The information derived from literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of references provided. No part of this Thesis was previously presented for another degree or diploma at this or any other Institution. Paul Davou KAZE ________________________ ____________ Signature Date ii CERTIFICATION This Thesis entitled “IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKENS TO CAECAL COCCIDIOSIS USING EXO AND ENDOGENOUS STAGES OF EIMERIA TENELLA” by Paul Davou, KAZE meets the regulations governing the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. Prof. I. A. Lawal ___________________ ____________ Chairman, Supervisory Committee Signature Date Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • The Maintenance and Replication of the Apicoplast Genome In
    THE MAINTENANCE AND REPLICATION OF THE APICOPLAST GENOME IN TOXOPLASMA GONDII by SARAH BAKER REIFF (Under the Direction of Boris Striepen) ABSTRACT The phylum Apicomplexa comprises a group of intracellular parasites of significant global health and economic concern. Most apicomplexan parasites possess a relict plastid organelle, which no longer performs photosynthesis but still retains important metabolic functions. This organelle, known as the apicoplast, also contains its own genome which is required for parasite viability. The apicoplast and its genome have been shown to be useful as therapeutic targets. However, limited information is available about the replication and maintenance of plastid DNA, not just in apicomplexan parasites but also in plants and algae. Here we use the genetic tools available in the model apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii to examine putative apicoplast DNA replication and condensation factors, including homologs of DNA polymerase I, single-stranded DNA binding protein, DNA gyrase, and the histone-like protein HU. We confirm targeting to the apicoplast of these candidates, which are all encoded in the nucleus and must be imported. We created a genetic knockout of the Toxoplasma HU gene, which encodes a homolog of a bacterial protein that helps condense the bacterial nucleoid. We show that loss of HU in Toxoplasma results in a strong decrease in apicoplast DNA content, accompanied by biogenesis and segregation defects of the organelle. We were also interested in examining the roles of enzymes that might be more directly involved in DNA replication. To this end we constructed conditional mutants of the Toxoplasma gyrase B homolog and the DNA polymerase I homolog, which appears to be the result of a gene fusion and contains multiple different catalytic domains.
    [Show full text]
  • Cecal Coccidiosis in Turkeys: Comparative Biology of Eimeria Species in the Lower Intestinal Tract of Turkeys Using Genetically Typed, Single Oocyst–Derived Lines
    Parasitology Research (2019) 118:583–598 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-6147-5 PROTOZOOLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER Cecal coccidiosis in turkeys: Comparative biology of Eimeria species in the lower intestinal tract of turkeys using genetically typed, single oocyst–derived lines S. El-Sherry1,2 & M. E. Ogedengbe1 & M. A. Hafeez1,3 & M. Sayf-Al-Din2 & N. Gad2 & J. R. Barta1 Received: 31 January 2018 /Accepted: 12 November 2018 /Published online: 13 December 2018 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Differentiating the Eimeria species causing cecal coccidiosis in turkeys is challenging. To obtain benchmark biological data for Eimeria gallopavonis Hawkins 1952 and Eimeria meleagridis Tyzzer 1929 and to support the stability of the species concept for each, genetically typed, single oocyst–derived lines of E. gallopavonis Weybridge strain and E. meleagridis USAR97-01 were used to redescribe the biological, pathological, and morphological features of these parasites. Oocysts of E. meleagridis and E. gallopavonis overlap in dimensions, but oocysts of the former have a single polar granule compared with multiple in the latter. Mature first-generation meronts of E. gallopavonis were observed histologically as early as 48 h post-inoculation alongside the villi in jejunum (before and after Meckel’s diverticulum), ileum, cecal neck and rectum, but not cecal pouches. Three asexual cycles were observed suggesting that early workers apparently overlooked one asexual cycle. Examination of endogenous development of a culture labeled “Eimeria adenoeides Weybridge strain” suggested that this strain (found in a number of publications as a large oocyst strain of “Eimeria adenoeides”) matched the species description of E.
    [Show full text]
  • APP203705 Staff Assessment Report.Pdf
    EPA advice for application APP203705 Staff Assessment Report February 2019 APP203705: To determine the new organism status of: Tremovirus A (Avian encephalomyelitis virus) Chicken anaemia virus (CAV or CIAV) Fowlpox virus Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 1 virus) Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 2 virus) Maleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 (Marek’s disease serotype 3 virus) Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. tenella and E. maxima Purpose To determine if various live poultry organisms in vaccines are new organisms under section 26 of the HSNO Act Application number APP203705 Application type Statutory determination Applicant Pacificvet Limited Date formally received 23 January 2019 1 Executive Summary and Recommendation Application APP203705, submitted by Pacificvet Limited, seeks a determination on the new organism status of: Tremovirus A (Avian encephalomyelitis virus) Chicken anaemia virus (CAV or CIAV) Fowlpox virus Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 1 virus) Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 2 virus) Maleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 (Marek’s disease serotype 3 virus) Eimeria acervulina Eimeria brunetti Eimeria necatrix Eimeria tenella Eimeria maxima After reviewing all of the available information and completing a literature search concerning the organisms, EPA staff recommend that Tremovirus A (Avian encephalomyelitis virus), Chicken anaemia virus (CAV or CIAV), Fowlpox virus, Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 1 virus), Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease serotype 2 virus), Maleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 (Marek’s disease serotype 3 virus), Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. tenella and E. maxima are not new organisms for the purpose of the HSNO Act based on evidence that these organisms have been identified and present in New Zealand since before 29 July 1998 when the HSNO Act came into effect.
    [Show full text]
  • (GS and M6) and Characterization of Their Glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchored Surface Antigen Expression
    Biological and Transcriptomic Comparison of Two Immunologically Distinct Strains of Eimeria maxima (GS and M6) and Characterization of Their Glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchored Surface Antigen Expression by Riadh Rahma Kazim Al-Badri A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Pathobiology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Riadh Rahma Kazim Al-Badri, August, 2013 ABSTRACT BIOLOGICAL AND TRANSCRIPTOMIC COMPARISON OF TWO IMMUNOLOGICALLY DISTINCT STRAINS OF EIMERIA MAXIMA (GS AND M6) AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR GLYCOPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL (GPI) ANCHORED SURFACE ANTIGEN EXPRESSION Riadh Rahma Kazim Al-Badri Advisor: University of Guelph, 2013 Dr. John R. Barta Two immunologically distinct strains of poultry coccidium Eimeria maxima, Guelph (GS) and M6 strains, were investigated. Paired in vivo experiments demonstrated that GS and M6 have prepatent periods of approximately 120 h followed by peak oocyst shedding at 144-150 h post-inoculation. Fecundity of E. maxima M6 (12.8×103±1.95 oocysts shed/oocyst inoculated) was approximately twice that of GS (6.9×103±3.33) when inoculated with 1×103 infective oocysts per bird. Numerous sequential observations of synchronized populations of oocysts sporulating at 26°C showed no difference in the sporulation kinetics of the two strains; in both strains, sporogony was divided into five morphologically distinguishable stages whose abundance peaked at the following times during sporulation: unsporulated oocysts at 0 h; sporoblast anlagen at 18 h; sporoblasts without sporocyst walls at 22 h; and sporocysts without mature sporozoites at 38 h. Total RNA was isolated from four stages of sporogonic development (18 h, 22 h and 38 h of sporulation, and excysting sporozoites).
    [Show full text]
  • UC Irvine UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Toxoplasma gondii: parasite glycosylation and an unusual cytochrome P450 enzyme of tissue cyst-forming coccidians Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q90k3zs Author Ochoa, Roxanna Jaimes Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Toxoplasma gondii: parasite glycosylation and an unusual cytochrome P450 enzyme of tissue cyst-forming coccidians DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In Biological Sciences By Roxanna Jaimes Ochoa Dissertation Committee: Professor Naomi Morrissette, Chair Professor Jennifer Prescher Professor Thomas Poulos 2015 © 2015 Roxanna Jaimes Ochoa ii DEDICATION I dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Macedonio and Filiberta Ochoa. Thank you for your support and encouragement throughout this journey. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF FIGURES vi LIST OF TABLES viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix CURRICULUM VITAE x ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION xiv CHAPTER 1: Introduction I. Conserved metabolic pathways are driven by universal enzymes 1 II. Antiparasitic drugs and collateral host toxicity 3 III. Toxoplasma gondii is a human and animal pathogen 7 A. Toxoplasma has a complex life cycle B. Toxoplasma is a model organism C. Parasites experience different metabolic niches IV. Glycosylation 12 A. Types of protein glycosylation B. Complex carbohydrates in Toxoplasma V. The mitochondrion 18 A. Essential endosymbiotic organelles in Toxoplasma B. Mitochondrial pathways in Toxoplasma VI. Conclusions 26 VII. References 27 CHAPTER 2: Materials and Methods I. Culturing Conditions 33 A. Culture of HFF Host Cells B. Routine Parasite Cultures C.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a Turkey Coccidiosis Vaccine Candidate
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 12-2014 Development of a Turkey Coccidiosis Vaccine Candidate: an Attenuated Line of the Protozoan Parasite, Eimeria meleagrimitis Thilakar Rathinam University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Animal Diseases Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Recommended Citation Rathinam, Thilakar, "Development of a Turkey Coccidiosis Vaccine Candidate: an Attenuated Line of the Protozoan Parasite, Eimeria meleagrimitis" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 2112. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2112 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Development of a Turkey Coccidiosis Vaccine Candidate: an Attenuated Line of the Protozoan Parasite, Eimeria meleagrimitis Development of a Turkey Coccidiosis Vaccine Candidate: an Attenuated Line of the Protozoan Parasite, Eimeria meleagrimitis A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Poultry Science by Thilakar Rathinam Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Bachelor of Veterinary Science, 2000 University of Arkansas Master of Science in Poultry Science, 2003 December 2014 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Professor H. David Chapman Dissertation Director Professor Michael F. Slavik Committee Member Professor Thomas A. Yazwinski Committee Member ABSTRACT Coccidiosis is an economically important enteric disease of poultry caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Eimeria. Drugs are most commonly used to control coccidiosis.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Discovery of Sulfaquinoxaline As a Coccidiostat
    J. Parasitol., 94(4), 2008, pp. 934–945 ᭧ American Society of Parasitologists 2008 HISTORY OF THE DISCOVERY OF SULFAQUINOXALINE AS A COCCIDIOSTAT William C. Campbell Research Institute for Scientists Emeriti and Department of Biology, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey 07901. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Sulfaquinoxaline played an important part in the demotion of roast chicken from vaunted Sunday-dinner status to an unrespected position on the everyday menu of the Western world. It had its origins in the chemical synthetic program that sprang from the introduction of sulfonamide drugs into human medicine in the 1930s. The program was sustained through the years of World War II despite declining clinical use of that chemical class. Several sulfa drugs were known to be active against the sporozoan parasite (Plasmodium spp.) that causes malaria, but were not satisfactory in clinical practice. A sulfonamide that had a long plasma half-life would ipso facto be considered promising as an antimalarial drug. Sulfaquinoxaline, synthesized during the war, was such a compound. It proved too toxic to be used in human malaria, but was found to be a superior agent against another sporozoan parasite, Eimeria spp., the causative agent of coccidiosis in domestic chickens. In 1948 sulfaquinoxaline was introduced commercially as a poultry coccidiostat. It was not the first sulfonamide found active against Eimeria spp. in poultry, but its practical success in disease control firmly established the routine incorporation of anticoccidial drugs in poultry feed. In this way, the drug exerted a major impact on the worldwide production of poultry meat. Although it has long been eclipsed by other drugs in poultry management, it continues to be used in other host species.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial Genomes of Australian Chicken Eimeria Support the Presence of Ten Species with Low Genetic Diversity Among Strains
    Accepted Manuscript Title: Mitochondrial genomes of Australian chicken Eimeria support the presence of ten species with low genetic diversity among strains Authors: Jess A.T. Morgan, Rosamond M. Godwin PII: S0304-4017(17)30226-1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.05.025 Reference: VETPAR 8358 To appear in: Veterinary Parasitology Received date: 5-10-2016 Revised date: 18-5-2017 Accepted date: 24-5-2017 Please cite this article as: Morgan, Jess A.T., Godwin, Rosamond M., Mitochondrial genomes of Australian chicken Eimeria support the presence of ten species with low genetic diversity among strains.Veterinary Parasitology http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.05.025 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Mitochondrial genomes of Australian chicken Eimeria support the presence of ten species with low genetic diversity among strains Jess A. T. Morgan1,2 and Rosamond M. Godwin1,3 1 Animal Science, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia 2 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia 3 Poultry CRC, PO Box U242, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia Corresponding author: Dr Jess A.T.
    [Show full text]
  • Illumina Next Generation Sequencing for the Analysis Of
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Illumina Next Generation Sequencing for the Analysis of Populations in Commercial Broilers and Indigenous Chickens Citation for published version: Hinsu, AT, Thakkar, JR, Koringa, PG, Vrba, V, Jakhesara, SJ, Psifidi, A, Guitian, J, Tomley, FM, Rank, DN, Raman, M, Joshi, CG & Blake, DP 2018, 'Illumina Next Generation Sequencing for the Analysis of Populations in Commercial Broilers and Indigenous Chickens', Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol. 5, pp. 176. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00176 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3389/fvets.2018.00176 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 30 July 2018 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00176 Illumina Next Generation Sequencing for the Analysis of Eimeria Populations in Commercial Broilers and Indigenous Chickens Ankit T. Hinsu 1, Jalpa R. Thakkar 2, Prakash G. Koringa 2, Vladimir Vrba 3, Subhash J.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Stages, Specific Organelles and Invasion Mechanisms Of
    RVC OPEN ACCESS REPOSITORY – COPYRIGHT NOTICE This article has been published in a revised form in Parasitology [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182019001562]. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © Cambridge University Press 2019. The full details of the published version of the article are as follows: TITLE: Life cycle stages, specific organelles and invasion mechanisms of Eimeria species AUTHORS: Burrell, A; Tomley, F M; Vaughan, S; Marugan-Hernandez, V JOURNAL TITLE: Parasitology PUBLICATION DATE: 15 November 2019 PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press: STM Journals DOI: 10.1017/S0031182019001562 1 Life cycle stages, specific organelles and invasion mechanisms of Eimeria species 2 3 Alana Burrell1,2, Fiona M. Tomley1, Sue Vaughan2, Virginia Marugan-Hernandez1* 4 5 1 The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK 6 2 Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford, OX3 7 0BP, UK 8 * Corresponding author: Virginia Marugan-Hernandez, The Royal Veterinary College, University of 9 London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK, Tel. +44(0)1707669445, E-mail 10 [email protected], ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1512-4682 1 11 SUMMARY 12 Apicomplexans, including species of Eimeria, pose a real threat to the health and wellbeing of animals 13 and humans. Eimeria parasites do not infect humans but cause an important economic impact in 14 livestock, in particular to the poultry industry. Despite its high prevalence and financial costs, little is 15 known about the cell biology of these ‘cosmopolitan’ parasites found all over the world.
    [Show full text]