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Sir C. T. Newton Sir C. T. Newton The Classical Review http://journals.cambridge.org/CAR Additional services for The Classical Review: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Sir C. T. Newton Sir C. T. Newton R. C. Jebb The Classical Review / Volume 9 / Issue 01 / February 1895, pp 81 - 85 DOI: 10.1017/S0009840X00201224, Published online: 27 October 2009 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0009840X00201224 How to cite this article: R. C. Jebb (1895). The Classical Review, 9, pp 81-85 doi:10.1017/S0009840X00201224 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/CAR, IP address: 130.159.70.209 on 26 Mar 2015 TttK CLASSICAL REVIEW. trvoTqfia or succession of intervals given point seems to me to be that this Mixo- by the notes of the octave from i-mirr) lydian octave is obtained by a change of to vrfn) is always the same in each system such as the ancient authorities genus? Why is it always an octave recognized, viz. from disjunct to conjunct. of a particular species \ Why, in short, is In the ' Dorian ' octave E—E substitute such a thing as a standard or ' perfect' for the notes A B C D the conjunct tetra- system recognized in Greek music 1 No chord A Bb C D, and the octave becomes one mode had any such vogue or superiority ' Mixolydian.' Thus the Mixolydian is a to the others. I conclude therefore that scale which is provided for in the tetra- the crv<rTrj[MTa in the PhUebus are notchords of the Perfect System : whereas the ' modes,' but either simply the keys (as a Phrygian and Lydian octaves, taken on friend has suggested to me), or the varieties that System, are not bounded by ' standing' of scale given by the different genera and notes. This is my reason for doubting ' colours,' as well as by the option between whether we can argue from the Mixolydian disjunct and conjunct tetrachords. to the other modes. The ne^t piece of evidence is a passage With regard to the passage of Aristides of Plutarch in which he says that it was Quintilianus on the dpfaoviac of tbe Republic discovered by a certain Lamprocles that in I have only to say that I do not trace it to the Mixolydian mode the TOVOS Sia^cvKrurds the same source as the scale Kara Sitcms of was the highest interval, so that the suc- the same author. My argument is merely cession of intervals was as from B to B that if the latter, which claims high (yirarq vTrarSyv to irapa/j.ccrr]). This state- antiquity (irapti rois apxa-iois;), Is found to be ment I endeavoured to 'minimize,' i.e. to a forgery, some degree of suspicion is cast ascertain exactly how much it proves. I on the former also. I am glad that Mr. will not now insist on the circumstance Stuart Jones agrees with me as to the that it comes to us from an author who character of the scale Kara <5i«ras. Previous expressly tells us that TOVOS and ap/xovca commentators have treated it as a genuine mean the same thing: for Plutarch is document. admittedly inaccurate. The important D. B. MONBO. STAT1US, SILV. I. vi. 44. Una uescimur omnis ordo mensa, Cp. Ov. Trist. I. iii. 23 femina uirque meo, Parui femina, plebs eques senatus. pueri quoque funere maerent. J. S. PHILLIMORE. Here parui pi. adjective beside femina sing, substantive is strange; and the anti- [Though this correction appears to me thesis required to woman is rather man certain, parui might derive some support than children. Baehrens reads mas et femina. from Lucan ii. 108 crimine quo parui caedem A much simpler alteration would be potuere mereri 1 S. G. OWEN.] par uir femina, plebs eques senatus. SIR C. T. NEWTON. [An Address delivered at the General Meeting of the Hellenic Society on Jan. 23, 1895, by Prof. B. G. Jebb, M.P., President of the Society.] AT the first General Meeting of this presence and influence did more than any- Society which has been held since the death thing else to carry it successfully through of Sir Charles Newton, it is fitting that some the earliest days of its existence; and who, tribute should be rendered to the memory of to the end of his life, took the keenest in- one whom the Hellenic Society may justly terest in its growing prosperity. It is fitting regard as chief among its founders; whose also that we should recall to-day, at least in NO. LXXV. VOL. IX. G 82 THE CLASSICAL REVIEW outline, the salient characteristics of the one which has a peculiar interest. In 1847 distinguished career to which our Society he wrote a paper on some sculptures from owes so large a debt. Halicarnassus—they were, in fact, parts of Newton's life divides itself into three well- the frieze of the Mausoleum—which had marked chapters. The first contains the lately been secured for the British Museum thirty-six years from his birth in 1816 to by Sir Stratford Canning. In this memoir, 1852 ; it is the period of preparative studies. Newton conjecturally placed the Mausoleum The second begins in 1852 with his consul- in the centre of the town of Budrum, from ship at Mitylene, and closes in 1861 with his the fortress of which the above-mentioned return to London as the head of his sculptures had come. A description of the Department at the British Museum ; it com- site by the architect Donaldson—confirming prises the period of travel and discovery in the account by Vitruvius—pointed to this the Levant. In the third chapter, from 1861 conclusion. Ten years later he was to prove onwards, he is the organizer and admin- its truth. Such competent explorers as istrator ; the recognized head of classical Spratt and Ross, misled by the appearance archaeology in this country ; the active sup- of the ground, had looked elsewhere. porter of all enterprises, whether originating In 1852 Newton, whose qualities were at home or abroad, which could extend the becoming well known, was appointed Vice- knowledge of antiquity, or which promised Consul at Mitylene. It was in reality, to advance an object always so near to his though not in form, an archaeological mis- heart, the addition of new treasures to our sion. Lord Granville, then Foreign great national collection. Secretary, was doubtless well acquainted From Shrewsbury School, then ruled by with the new Vice-Consul's gifts. New- that brilliant scholar, Samuel Butler, ton had able assistance in the routine Newton' went in 1833 to Christ Chm-ch, duties of the post. From April, 1853, Oxford, where he attracted the favourable no- to January, 1854, he was at Rhodes, tice, and strongly felt the influence, of Dean and thus within easy reach of the region Gaisford. He was also for a time the pupil in which his chief work was to be done. of his lifelong friend, Dean Liddell. Mr. The six years which followed were rich in Ruskin, who was an undergraduate member results. He explored the island of Calymna, of the House at the same time, has recorded off the Carian coast, and obtained some in Praeterita the particular trait which most remains of early Greek art which are now impressed him in Newton; it is one which in the room of Archaic Sculpture at the can be easily recognized by those who knew Museum. At Cnidus, in a sanctuary of him in later years—' his intense and curious Chthonian deities, he found the beautiful way of looking at things.' seated statue of Demeter, in which Brunn In May, 1840, Newton became Junior recognized the perfect ideal of the goddess. Assistant in the Department of Antiquities Among other monuments discovered at at the British Museum. That Department, Cnidus is the lion, supposed to commemorate founded in 1807, was not then constituted Conon's victory in 394 B.C. From Bran- as it is now. In 1861 it was subdivided into chidae, near Miletus, Newton brought away, three provinces ; Greek and Roman Antiqui- besides a lion and a sphinx, ten archaic ties ; Coins ; and a third, in which Oriental statues of seated figures which had stood by Antiquities were associated with British and the Sacred Way leading from the temple of Mediaeval; the two latter, with Ethno- Apollo to the harbour. It was under a graphical Antiquities, were detached from firman which he procured that the bronze the Oriental in 1866. But, in 1840, the serpent at Constantinople, inscribed with opportunities which Newton found at the the names of the Greek cities allied against Museum, if less adapted to the training of a Xerxes, was first disengaged from the specialist, were well suited to encourage a soil; though the task of deciphering the comprehensive view of antiquity. At the inscription was reserved for Frick and head of the Department was Edward Dethier. Hawkins, a man of varied attainments, but. But his most signal achievement was in especially a numismatist; and Newton's connexion with the Mausoleum at Halicar- early studies in that direction left on his nassus. It was in 1855 that he first saw mind the conviction that numismatics, be- the castle of Budrum, and found fragments sides their special interest, have the highest of sculpture embedded in its walls. Lord value as a general introduction to classical Stratford de Redcliffe, then British Ambas- archaeology. sador at Constantinople, who had constantly Among his earliest publications, there is supported Newton in all his work, promised THE CLASSICAL REVIEW.
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