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Regional Oral History Office University of California the Bancroft Library Berkeley, California University of California Berkeley Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California University of California Source of Community Leaders Series Mary LeCron Foster FINDING THE THEMES: FAMILY, ANTHROPOLOGY, LANGUAGE ORIGINS, PEACE AND CONFLICT With Introductions by Robert A. Rubinstein and Maxine Sheets-Johnstone Interviews Conducted by Suzanne Riess in 2000 Copyright 2001 by The Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of northern California, the West, and the nation. Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well- informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The tape recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. ************************************ All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Mary LeCron Foster dated January 28, 2000. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to the Regional Oral History Office, 486 Bancroft Library, Mail Code 6000, University of California, Berkeley 94720-6000, and should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The legal agreement with Mary LeCron Foster requires that she be notified of the request and allowed thirty days in which to respond. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Mary LeCron Foster, "Finding the Themes: Family, Anthropology, Language Origins, Peace and Conflict," an oral history conducted in 2000 by Suzanne Riess, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 2001. Copy no. Mary LeCron Foster, 2001. Photographed by Suzanne Riess Cataloging information Mary LeCron Foster (b. 1914) Anthropologist Finding the Themes: Family, Anthropology, Language Origins, Peace and Conflict, 2001, xv, 337 pp. LeCron and Cowles family history in Iowa, friends, schools, Des Moines neighborhoods; life themes, rituals, illness; studying anthropology at Northwestern University, Melville Herskovits; marriage to George Foster and study in Vienna, 1938; fieldwork in Mexico: Sierra Popoluca, 1941, long-term work in Tzintzuntzan; mounting anthropology museum exhibitions; Ph.D. in linguistics, UC Berkeley; teaching linguistics at Cal State Hayward; organizing 1977 Wenner-Gren symposium, "Fundamentals of Symbolism"; children Melissa and Jeremy, and family life in Mexico, Washington, and Berkeley, vacations, social groups; integrating anthropology and peace, PACT, International Peace Academy, Ploughshares; Language Origins Society and current work on global language reconstruction. Appendices include "Cognitive Requisites for Language" and "Countering Offense: Institutionalized Alternatives to Military Action" by Foster; and an interview by Jan Thomas with Foster on the methodology and findings of language origins research. Introductions by Maxine Sheets- Johnstone, Department of Philosophy, University of Oregon; and Robert A. Rubinstein, Professor of Anthropology and of International Relations, Syracuse University. Interviewed 2000 by Suzanne Riess, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Regional Oral History Office, on behalf of future researchers, wishes to thank the following organizations whose contributions made possible this oral history of Mary LeCron Foster. Bancroft Library s Marco Francis Hellman Fund University of California, Class of 1931 Endowment Fund TABLE OF CONTENTS --Mary LeCron Foster PREFACE i INTRODUCTION by Maxine Sheets-Johnstone iv INTRODUCTION by Robert A. Rubinstein vii INTERVIEW HISTORY by Suzanne Riess xii BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION xv I FAMILY Grandparents 1 Parents, Extended Family 8 Newspaper Business 12 Mother, A Writer Religion 17 Household Help 19 Growing Up, Summer Trips, Camping Becoming "Mickie" School Days 30 Growing Up, With Books 33 II DES MOINES 36 Neighborhood Orientation 36 Friends, Joey, and Halloween 37 Some Observed Differences 42 More on Mother s Writing 45 Word Games, Puzzles, Language 47 World War I, A Background Memory 49 More on the Family and Publishing 52 Self-Confidence 54 Organizations, Clubs 55 A Year of Rituals and Celebrations 56 III FINDING THE THEMES 61 Illness, Death, and Taboo Subjects 62 Babies 73 Marriage, and Divorce 77 Shyness and Control, and Bunny 81 Hospitals 84 IV DES MOINES AND BEYOND 86 Family Life 86 Household Management Models 88 Recollections of Social Strata, and Houses 90 Views of a Writing Life 94 Living in France, Travels 98 Parents in Washington, The New Deal, Wallace 104 V LAUNCHED 107 Anthropology and Melville Herskovits 107 Longer Range Plans 111 Courtship 113 Marriage 116 Vienna, 1938, and Jewish Friend 118 Mother, and Wife 120 VI DISCOVERING LINGUISTICS 123 Fieldwork with George, 1941 123 Finding an Informant, Documenting a Language 125 Back to Berkeley, A New Baby, Syracuse, and UCLA 129 Texts, Grammar, Phonology, in Partnership 130 Working on the Sierra Popoluca Grammar 133 Traveling with the Covarrubiases 136 VII GRADUATE WORK IN LINGUISTICS 140 The Linguistics Department at Berkeley 140 Chomsky s Effect on Linguistics Studies 143 Thoughts on the Acquisition of Language 145 Levi-Straus, Hjelmslev 146 More on Berkeley and the Study of Linguistics 149 Following Opportunities to Work in Linguistics 152 More on the Linguistics Department 154 A Comparative Science, of Trivia 157 VIII REFLECTIONS ON ANTHROPOLOGY, AND PEACE AND CONFLICT 160 Structuralism, Relativism, and Self-Awareness 160 AAAS Committee on Science, Arms Control, and National Security 166 The International Peace Academy, and PACT 167 International Travels and Local Languages 169 Work in Language Prehistory, Importance of Analogy 171 Anthropology Museum, Exhibitions and Labels 176 More on the Pursuit of Linguistics 179 Returning to the Discussion of Conflict and Non Conflict 184 More on the International Peace Academy, and PACT 185 Integrating Anthropology and Peace and War: Robert Rubinstein and the 1983 IUAES Commission 190 IX BOOKS, FRIENDS, FAMILIES 195 Reading, Gardens, Art 195 Social Groups, Society of Women Geographers 200 Family Vacations in Calaveras County 203 Building the San Luis Road House 206 Melissa and Jeremy 209 X TEACHING, SYMPOSIA, CURRENT WORK 217 Teaching at Cal State Hayward, 1970, and Kent Cambodia Crisis 217 Symposium on Symbolism at Burg Wartenstein 221 A Trip to Obernberg 222 Organizing the Symposium 224 Language Origins Society 226 Global Language Reconstruction 227 Structuralism, an Epiphany, and a Model 231 Ploughshares, Reason for Optimism 233 Finale 236 TAPE GUIDE 238 APPENDICES 240 A Mary LeCron Foster Curriculum Vitae 241 B Robert Rubinstein s Remarks at Fosters March 5, 2001, Oral History Presentation 248 C "Countering Offense: Institutionalized Alternatives to Military Action," text of a talk by Mary LeCron Foster 253 D Introduction, by Mary LeCron Foster, to The Life of Symbols, edited by Mary LeCron Foster and Lucy Jayne Botscharow, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1990. 279 E "Language Origins Research: A Brief Review of Methodology and Findings," Mary LeCron Foster, interviewed by Jan Thomas, January 5, 2001 287 E "Cognitive Requisites for Language," a talk delivered to the Language Origins Society, 1991 312 F April 8, 2000, notes from Foster to Riess 318 G "Fostering New Ways to Prevent Conflict, Mickie Foster and the Cowles Fund," from the newsletter of The Ploughshares Fund, Summer 2000 pocket, inside back cover UNIVERSITY HISTORY SERIES LIST 320 INDEX 333 PREFACE On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of our graduation from the University of California at Berkeley, the Class of 1931 made the decision to present its alma mater with an endowment for an oral history series to be titled "The University of California, Source of Community Leaders." The Class of 1931 Oral History Endowment provides a permanent source of funding for an ongoing series of interviews by the Regional Oral History Office of The Bancroft Library. The commitment of the endowment is to carry out interviews with persons related to the University who have made outstanding contributions to the community, by which is meant the state
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