Coastal Area Management Programme Montenegro Feasibility Study
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Montenegro Ministry of Tourism and Environment Coastal Area Management Programme Montenegro Feasibility Study Podgorica, May 2008 Acknowledgements Feasibility Study for Coastal Area Management Programme (CAMP) Montenegro has been prepared in the period December 2007 – May 2008, for the Ministry of Tourism and Environment of Montenegro and the Priority Actions Programme/ Regional Activity Centre (PAP/ RAC) of the UNEP Mediterranean Action Plan (MAP). The Study was elaborated through the following main steps: • review of existing laws, policies, plans and strategies; • analysis of institutional arrangements for coastal area management; • stocktaking of the ongoing initiatives and projects aiming to contribute to the sustainable development of the Montenegrin coast; • soliciting opinions of a wide range of stakeholders1; • identification of needs and gaps for integrated coastal zone management in Montenegro; • proposal of the CAMP area and CAMP activities, with a view to long-term sustainability of the project. The author of the Study – Marina Markovic, Environmental Consultant from Podgorica – wishes to thank all the interviewees and contributors from different local and national level institutions, business and civil sectors, whose opinions, suggestions and materials have helped in shaping the Feasibility Study. In particular, the author acknowledges useful assistance and guidance from Jelena Knezevic, UNEP MAP Focal Point in the Ministry of Tourism and Environment and from Marko Prem, Deputy Director of the PAP/ RAC. Cover page photos 1. Lucice beach – website of the Public Enterprise Morsko dobro (upper row, left) 2. Pancratium maritimum on Velika plaza (Long Beach), Ulcinj – Vasilije Buskovic (upper row, right) 3. A view on Mamula from Cape Arza, – Antonela Rajcevic (lower row, left) 4. A view from the Bay of Boka – photo from Pavle Djuraskovic’s presentation for the 2nd Round Table on the Protection and Sustainable Development of Montenegrin Coast, Kotor, February 2008 (lower row, right) 1 List of persons met/ interviewed is included in Annex 4. ii Table of contents List of tables .................................................................................................................................... v List of boxes .................................................................................................................................... v List of figures .................................................................................................................................. v Acronyms and abbreviations .......................................................................................................... vi Executive summary ...................................................................................................................... viii 1 Context.................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The rationale for CAMP Montenegro............................................................................ 2 1.3 Legislative framework for the ICZM............................................................................. 6 1.3.1 Montenegro and Barcelona Convention................................................................ 6 1.3.2 National legal framework...................................................................................... 7 1.3.2.1 Law on Public Maritime Domain...................................................................... 7 1.3.2.2 Environmental, nature protection and cultural heritage legislation .................. 9 1.3.2.3 Natural resources laws .................................................................................... 12 1.3.2.4 Spatial planning and construction legislation ................................................. 13 1.3.2.5 Maritime legislation........................................................................................ 14 1.3.2.6 Legislation regulating other economic activities ............................................ 15 1.4 Policies, strategies and plans relevant to sustainable development of the coastal area of Montenegro ............................................................................................................................... 15 1.4.1 National Strategy for Sustainable Development ................................................. 16 1.4.2 National Strategy for Integrated Coastal Area Management............................... 17 1.4.3 Spatial plans........................................................................................................ 18 1.4.4 Documents prepared in the framework of SAP BIO and SAP MED.................. 20 1.4.5 Sectoral strategies and action plans..................................................................... 21 1.4.6 Local plans.......................................................................................................... 22 1.5 Initiatives, programmes and projects in Montenegrin coastal area.............................. 23 1.6 Institutional set up for coastal zone management ........................................................ 30 1.6.1 National level...................................................................................................... 30 1.6.2 Local level........................................................................................................... 34 1.6.3 Other stakeholders............................................................................................... 35 1.7 Assessment of the context for CAMP Montenegro ..................................................... 35 2 CAMP area........................................................................................................................... 37 2.1 Proposals for CAMP area ............................................................................................ 37 2.2 Description of the coastal area ..................................................................................... 39 2.2.1 Socio-economic conditions................................................................................. 39 2.2.2 Nature and natural resources in the coastal area ................................................. 40 2.2.3 Economic activities and manmade resources...................................................... 42 2.2.3.1 Agriculture and fisheries................................................................................. 42 2.2.3.2 Tourism and urbanisation................................................................................43 2.2.3.3 Energy, industry and mining........................................................................... 45 2.2.3.4 Transport and other infrastructure................................................................... 45 2.2.3.5 Maritime activities .......................................................................................... 46 2.2.4 Main pressures and their impacts on the coastal area environment .................... 47 2.2.4.1 Pollution.......................................................................................................... 48 2.2.4.2 Spatial impacts................................................................................................ 50 2.2.5 Cultural heritage.................................................................................................. 54 2.2.6 Natural hazards.................................................................................................... 55 2.3 Assessment of future development trends.................................................................... 55 2.4 Assessment of institutional structures and local/ national initiatives........................... 60 iii 2.5 Global framework and nature of CAMPs and goals of CAMP Montenegro ............... 62 3 The activities within CAMP Montenegro............................................................................. 64 4 Justification for the CAMP Montenegro .............................................................................. 74 4.1 Arguments in favour of CAMP Montenegro ............................................................... 74 4.2 Organisation of CAMP Montenegro............................................................................ 75 4.2.1 Arrangements for CAMP implementation and national/ local institutions role.. 75 4.2.2 CAMP budget...................................................................................................... 76 4.2.3 Timetable for CAMP Montenegro ...................................................................... 77 4.3 The role of MAP in CAMP Montenegro ..................................................................... 78 Annex 1 – List of references ......................................................................................................... 80 Annex 2 – List of documents and availability of maps relevant for CAMP Montenegro............. 83 Annex 3 – Map of the coastal area ................................................................................................ 85 Annex 4 – List of persons met....................................................................................................... 86 Annex 5 – Terms of Reference for the Feasibility Study.............................................................. 87 Annex 6 – Overview of initiatives, programmes and