Republic of Rwanda

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Republic of Rwanda REPUBLIC OF RWANDA MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) FOR THE SUSTAINABLE WATER AND SANITATION PROGRAM IN RWANDA (ADDITIONAL FINANCING) Prepared by Théogène HABAKUBAHO ESIA Lead Consultant Email: [email protected] Phone: +250788643982 October 2018 ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS AfDB : African Development Bank AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ARAP : Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan CBOs : Community Based Organizations CITES : Convention of International Trade of Endangered Species CBD : Convention of Biological Diversity EDPRS : Economic Development and Poverty Reduction strategy ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP : Environmental and Social Management Plan GIS : Geographic Information System GoR : Government GPS : Global Positioning System IUCN : International Union for the Conservation of Nature IWRMP : Integrated Water Resources Master Plan IWRMP : Integrated Water Resources Master Plan KCC : Kigali City Council Ltd : Limited MININFRA : Ministry of Infrastructure MoE : Ministry of Environment NGO : Non-Government Organization NISR : National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda OHS : Occupational, Health and Safety RDB : Rwanda Development Board REMA : Rwanda Environment Management Authority RLMUA : Rwanda Land management and Use Authority RURA : Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency RWAF : Rwanda Water and Forestry Authority ToRs : Terms of Reference WASAC : Water and Sanitation Corporation WHO : World Health Organization ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................................. v LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................................... v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. Background ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2. Program objectives and Components .......................................................................................................... 6 1.2.1. Water supply infrastructure and services improvement .............................................................................. 6 1.2.2. Sanitation Infrastructure and Services Improvement ................................................................................... 9 1.2.3. Institutional support and program management component ................................................................... 9 2. INSTITUTIONAL, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ................................................................ 17 2.1. National legal and regulatory framework .................................................................................................. 17 2.1.1. Relevant policies for the proposed program. ............................................................................. 17 2.1.2. Relevant Laws .................................................................................................................................. 21 2.1.3. Institutional arrangement for the environmental management in Rwanda ............................ 25 2.2. International Guidelines and Procedures .................................................................................................... 32 2.2.1. AfDB Integrated Safeguards System. ............................................................................................ 32 3. BIO-PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE ................................................ 37 3.1. Geography ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 3.2. Physical Environment ..................................................................................................................................... 37 3.2.1. Climate and rainfall ......................................................................................................................... 37 3.2.2. Topography ...................................................................................................................................... 38 3.3. Hydrology and water resources .................................................................................................................... 39 3.3.1. Surface water ................................................................................................................................... 39 3.3.2. Groundwater .................................................................................................................................... 40 3.3.3. Wetlands .......................................................................................................................................... 40 3.4. Soils and Geology ........................................................................................................................................... 42 3.4.1. Highland soils .................................................................................................................................. 43 3.4.2. Soils of the central plateau ............................................................................................................ 43 3.4.3. Soils of the lowlands ....................................................................................................................... 43 3.4.4. Soils of valleys .................................................................................................................................. 43 3.4.5. Land use ................................................................................................. Erreur ! Signet non défini. 3.5. Biological Environment-Ecosystems............................................................................................................. 44 3.5.1. Forests .............................................................................................................................................. 44 3.5.2. Protected areas ................................................................................................................................ 45 3.5.3. Biodiversity of wetlands ................................................................................................................. 48 3.5.4. Biodiversity in agricultural systems ............................................................................................... 49 3.5.5. Pastoral zones .................................................................................................................................. 50 3.5.6. Woodlands ....................................................................................................................................... 50 3.6. Socio-Economic Background ........................................................................................................................ 50 3.6.1. Population and Demographic Characteristics ............................................................................. 50 3.6.2. Economic Development Evolution ................................................................................................ 53 3.6.3. Industry and Mining ........................................................................................................................ 53 3.6.4. Human settlements ......................................................................................................................... 54 3.6.5. Physical Cultural Resources............................................................................................................ 54 3.6.6. Agriculture........................................................................................................................................ 55 3.6.7. Animal husbandry ........................................................................................................................... 55 3.6.8. Water and sanitation situation in Rwanda ................................................................................... 56 iii 3.6.9. Electricity Coverage and Renewable Energy ............................................................................... 57 3.7. Gender analysis ............................................................................................................................................... 58 3.7.1. Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 58 3.7.2. Country gender profile ................................................................................................................... 59 3.7.3. Gender situation in water and sanitation sector in Rwanda ..................................................... 62 3.7.4. Gender issues associated with the proposed program
Recommended publications
  • Rwanda Irrigation Master Plan
    Rwanda Irrigation Master Plan The Government of Rwanda, Ministry of Agriculture & Animal Resources Ebony Enterprises Ltd The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Rwanda Irrigation Master Plan The Government of Rwanda, Ministry of Agriculture & Animal Resources Ebony Enterprises Limited The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) i Rwanda Irrigation Master Plan The Government of Rwanda, Ministry of Agriculture & Animal Resources Ebony Enterprises Limited The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Coordinators of IMP Study: NGABONZIZA Prime MAIMBO Mabanga Malesu Supervisor of IMP study: DVOSKIN Dan Authors: MAIMBO Mabanga Malesu ODUOR Alex Raymonds KIPRUTO Cherogony NYOLEI Douglas GACHENE Charles BIAMAH Elijah Kipngetich O’NEIL Mick MIYUKI Ilyama JEPHINE Mogoi Steering Committee Members: SENDEGE Norbert NGABONZIZA Prime NZEYIMANA Innocent MUSABYIMANA Innocent MUSABYIMANA J. Claude AZENE BEKELE Tesemma KAGABO Desire HARINDINTWALI Reverien BAYOULI Amor MOULAYE Abdou Enterprises Ltd. Republic of Rwanda Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, MINAGRI ii Acknowledgement The World Agroforestry Centre greatly appreciates the opportunity accorded by the Managing Director of Ebony Enterprises Limited, Brigadier General (Rtd) Danny Kassif, to participate in the Rwanda Irrigation Master Plan through a sub-contractual agreement signed in March 2009. Upon inception of Phase I study, a number of Ebony personnel provided administrative and logistical support which cannot go unrecognized. These include Pini Moria, Ram Lustgarten, Arik Almog, Adina Avisar and Avi Evron. Cognizance is also extended to the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources for providing technical backstopping and logistical support while carrying out the study in Rwanda. The following Officers are highly appreciated for their contributions to ensuring that Phase I of the study was a success: The Permanent Secretary – MINAGRI, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Master Plan for Fisheries and Fish Farming in Rwanda
    MASTER PLAN FOR FISHERIES AND FISH FARMING IN RWANDA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES 09/04/2011 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... II LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ IV LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................ V ANNEXES ......................................................................................................................................... VI ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................... VII FORWARD ...................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... IX 1 OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE IN RWANDA .........................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 NATIONAL FISH DEMAND ....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 FISH PRODUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • Physicochemical Quality of Water and Health Risks
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 10 December 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0136.v1 Peer-reviewed version available at BMC Research Notes 2020, 13; doi:10.1186/s13104-020-4939-z Physicochemical Quality of Water and Health Risks Associated with the Consumption of the Extant African Lung Fish (Protopterus annectens) from Nyabarongo and Nyabugogo Rivers, Rwanda Timothy Omara,1,2* Papias Nteziyaremye,1,3 Solomon Akaganyira4, Dickens Waswa Opio5, Lucy Nyambura Karanja,1 Decrah Moraa Nyangena,1 Betty Jematia Kiptui1, Remish Ogwang5,6, Stephen Mark Epiaka5,7, Abigael Jepchirchir1 and Alfayo Maiyo1 *Correspondence: Timothy Omara; [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Moi University, Uasin Gishu County, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya. 2 Department of Quality Control and Quality Assurance, Product Development Directory, AgroWays Uganda Limited, plot 34-60, Kyabazinga Way, P.O. Box 1924, Jinja, Uganda. (Full list of author information is available at the end of the article). Abstract Water is an indispensable natural resource that is often prodigiously threatened by anthropomorphic activities. This study evaluated the physicochemical properties of water and selected heavy metals in edible muscles of a piscivorous fish (Protopterus annectens) from Nyabarongo and Nyabugogo rivers of Rwanda. Edibility health risk was evaluated using the target hazard quotient method. Water samples were taken in triplicate from Ruliba station and Kirinda bridge on Nyabarongo river and Giticyinyoni on Nyabugogo river. Fish samples were obtained from the sampling stations on Nyabarongo river. All samples were analyzed following standard methods and analytical results indicated that the average temperature, pH, total dissolved solids and electrolytic conductivity of water from the rivers were within WHO acceptable limits.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and the Genocide in Rwanda
    Gender and the Genocide in Rwanda This book examines the mobilization, role, and trajectory of women rescuers and perpetrators during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. While much has been written about the victimization of women during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, very little has been said about women who rescued targeted victims or perpetrated crimes against humanity. This book explores and analyzes the role played by women who exercised agency as rescuers and as per- petrators during the genocide in Rwanda. As women, they took actions and deci- sions within the context of a deeply entrenched patriarchal system that limited their choices. This work examines two diverging paths of women’s agency during this period: to rescue from genocide or to perpetrate genocide. It seeks to answer three questions: First, how were certain Rwandan women mobilized to parti- cipate in genocide, and by whom? Second, what were the specific actions of women during this period of violence and upheaval? Finally, what were the tra- jectories of women rescuers and perpetrators after the genocide? Comparing and contrasting how women rescuers and perpetrators were mobilized, the actions they undertook, and their post- genocide trajectories, and concluding with a broader discussion of the long- term impact of ignoring these women, this book develops a more nuanced and holistic view of women’s agency and the genocide in Rwanda. This book will be of interest to students of gender studies, genocide studies, African politics and critical security studies. Sara E. Brown is a Fellow at the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, and has a PhD in Comparative Genocide Studies from Clark University, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Profile of Rwanda
    EUROPEAN COMMISSION REPUBLIC OF RWANDA ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE OF RWANDA This report is financed by the European Commission and is presented by Dr. Fabien TWAGIRAMUNGU for the National Authorising Officer of FED and the European Commission. It does not necessarily reflect the Government’s or the European Commission’s opinion . Kigali, July 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………… ii GLOSSARY………………………………………………………………………………….. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………………………………….. 1 I. INTRODUCTION………………………..………………………………………………. 8 I.1. Background……………………………………..……………………..………………… 8 I.2. Objective…………….……………………………………………….…………………... 9 I.3. Methodology…….……..…………………………………….………………………….. 9 II. STATE OF ENVIRONMENT IN RWANDA……………………………...………… 11 II.1. Biophysical Environment…..………………………...……………………….……….. 11 II.1.1. Geophysical Characteristics….…………………………………………………….... 11 II.1.1.1. Location…..………...………….……………………………………………………. 11 II.1.1.2. Relief………………………………………………………..…….……….………… 11 II.1.1.3. Climate……..………………...……………………………………………………… 11 II.1.2. Soils..………………...………………..………….…..………………..………………. 12 II.1.2.1. Pedology. ...………………………………………………...……………………….. 12 II.1.2.2. Use of soils……………………..…………………………………………………... 13 II.1.2.3. Soil degradation……...……….……………………………………………………. 14 II.1.3. Water resources……………………………………………..….…………………….. 15 II.1.3.1. Surface water……...………………………………….…..………………………… 15 II.1.3.2. Underground water …………………… …………………………………………. 16 II.1.3.3. Quality of water………..…………………………………………………………... 16 II.1.3.4. Wetlands……...……………………………………………………………….…….
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Law No 29/2005 of 31/12/2005 Determining The
    Year 44 Special Issue of 31st December 2005 OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Nº 29/2005 of 31/12/2005 Organic Law determining the administrative entities of the Republic of Rwanda. Annex I of Organic Law n° 29/2005 of 31/12/2005 determining the administrative entities of the Republic of Rwanda relating to boundaries of Provinces and the City of Kigali. Annex II of Organic Law n° 29/2005 of 31/12/2005 determining the administrative entities of the Republic of Rwanda relating to number and boundaries of Districts. Annex III of Organic Law n° 29/2005 of 31/12/2005 determining the administrative entities of the Republic of Rwanda relating to structure of Provinces/Kigali City and Districts. 1 ORGANIC LAW Nº 29/2005 OF 31/12/2005 DETERMINING THE ADMINISTRATIVE ENTITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA We, KAGAME Paul, President of the Republic; THE PARLIAMENT HAS ADOPTED AND WE SANCTION, PROMULGATE THE FOLLOWING ORGANIC LAW AND ORDER IT BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA THE PARLIAMENT: The Chamber of Deputies, in its session of December 2, 2005; The Senate, in its session of December 20, 2005; Given the Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda of June 4, 2003, as amended to date, especially in its articles 3, 62, 88, 90, 92, 93, 95, 108, 118, 121, 167 and 201; Having reviewed law n° 47/2000 of December 19, 2000 amending law of April 15, 1963 concerning the administration of the Republic of Rwanda as amended and complemented to date; ADOPTS: CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL PROVISIONS Article one: This organic law determines the administrative entities of the Republic of Rwanda and establishes the number, boundaries and their structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Review and Analysis of Small-Scale Aquaculture Production in East Africa
    Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation supports value creation by Wageningen University & Research strengthening capacities for sustainable development. As the international expertise Review and analysis of small-scale P.O. Box 88 and capacity building institute of Wageningen University & Research we bring 6700 AB Wageningen knowledge into action, with the aim to explore the potential of nature to improve The Netherlands the quality of life. With approximately 30 locations, 5,000 members of staff and aquaculture production in East Africa T +31 (0)317 48 68 00 10,000 students, Wageningen University & Research is a world leader in its domain. www.wur.eu/cdi An integral way of working, and cooperation between the exact sciences and the Part 2. RWANDA technological and social disciplines are key to its approach. Report WCDI-18-022 Eugene Rurangwa and Jean Bosco Kabagambe Review and analysis of small-scale aquaculture production in East Africa Part 2. RWANDA Eugene Rurangwa1 and Jean Bosco Kabagambe2 1 Wageningen University & Research 2 AFAS Rwanda Ltd With contributions of: Bas Bolman, Deltares, The Netherlands Peter G.M. van Der Heijden, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands Arie Pieter van Duijn, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen, October 2018 This study was conducted for Msingi East Africa. Msingi East Africa is funded by the following organisations: Report WCDI-18-022 Kies een bouwsteen. Eugene Rurangwa and Jean Bosco Kabagambe, 2018. Review and analysis of small-scale aquaculture production in East Africa; Part 2. RWANDA. Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University & Research.
    [Show full text]
  • PROJECT BRIEF Transmission and Distribution for GICUMBI And
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Ministry of Infrastructure ENERGY WATER AND SANITATION AUTHORITY (EWSA) Electricity Access Rollout Programme (EARP) Head Office: Avenue de l’ Ihema, P.O.Box 537, Kigali-Rwanda Tel: +(250)252573666 Fax: +(250)(0)252573802 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ewsa.rw PROJECT BRIEF FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION LINES FOR GICUMBI AND GIKOMERO December 2011 1 LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................ 5 0. BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 6 I. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................. 8 I.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 8 I.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................... 8 I.3. PROJECT ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................ 9 I.4. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................10 Description of Works ..................................................................................................... 10 Line Profiling ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • CBD Fourth National Report
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA FOURTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY RWANDA ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES KIGALI, MAY 2009 TABLE OF CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 I. OVERVIEW OF RWANDAN BIODIVERSITY STATUS, TRENDS AND THREATS: 6 II. OVERVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION THROUGH THE NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN 8 III. EFFORTS TO INTEGRATE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE INTO RELEVANT SECTORAL AND CROSS­SECTORAL PLANS, PROGRAMMES AND POLICIES 10 IV. PROGRESS TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION 11 CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY STATUS, TRENDS AND THREATS 15 I. OVERVIEW OF RWANDA’S BIODIVERSITY 15 II. FOREST BIODIVERSITY 20 III. FRESHWATER AND WETLANDS 24 IV. AGROBIODIVERSITY 25 V. IMPLICATIONS OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY: 28 CHAPTER II: CURRENT STATUS OF NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGIE AND ACTION PLAN 32 I. OVERVIEW OF THE RWANDA’S NBSAP 32 II. STATUS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION OF RWANDA’S NBSAP 36 BIBLIOGRAPHY: 47 CHAPTER III: SECTORAL AND CROSS­SECTORAL INTEGRATION OR MAINSTREAMING OF BIODIVERSITY CONSIDERATIONS 49 I. MAINSTREAMING OF BIODIVERSITY IN OTHER SECTORS 49 II. MAINSTREAMING OF BIODIVERSITY INTO NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS 52 III. BIODIVERSITY MAINSTREAMING INTO OTHER RELATED CONVENTION PROCESSES 54 BIBLIOGRAPHY: 56 CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSIONS PROGRESS TOWARDS THE 2010 TARGET AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN 57 I. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE BIODIVERSITY 2010 TARGET 57 59 II. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN OF THE CONVENTION 65 III. CONCLUSIONS 70 Rwanda’s Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity Page 2 APPENDIX I ­ INFORMATION CONCERNING REPORTING PARTY AND PREPARATION OF NATIONAL REPORT 72 I.
    [Show full text]
  • 207 6 Rwamagana District Lake Master Plans
    6 Rwamagana District Lake Master Plans 6.1.1 Existing Conditions/Opportunities and Constraints Rwamagana District is blessed with abundant water resources at its northern and southern borders. Together, these have the potential to give Rwamagana the opportunity to adopt a major economic development strategy to become a local, regional, and international resort destination. (See Appendix 3: Lake Muhazi Economic Feasibility Study for more detailed analysis.) The objectives behind this development strategy are to not only provide tourist opportunities for visitors to the District, but to promote local economic development and prosperity for the citizens. Additional objectives are to promote environmentally sustainable touristic development that protects, preserves and regenerates the Rwamagana landscape. The Rwamagana resorts are envisioned to provide a variety of recreational opportunities for a variety of users including local residents, Kigali residents, regional visitors, and international tourists. In addition, it is the goal of this plan to provide a variety of vacation, nature and recreational experiences including: • Hotels/Inns • Boating • Water Sports • Golf and Tennis • Restaurants and Retail • Conference Venues • Vacation Homes • Ecotourism • Fishing • Bird watching • Bicycling • Vacation Homes At Lake Muhazi, which has the ecology and topography suited for more “active” resort scenarios, there are three different prototypes envisioned, including a lakefront marina/waterfront resort, a hill top golf resort, and a marina/cove resort. At Lake Mugesera, which has an extensive and very delicate ecosystem, we envision a more natural “ecotourism” type of resort development. This prototype is integrated into the natural landscape, affording visitors the opportunity to experience the beauty of the surroundings and to learn more about the Rwandan people and culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Genocide in Rwanda: Documentation of Two Massacres During April 1994
    Digital Commons @ George Fox University David Rawson Collection on the Rwandan Genocide Archives and Museum 11-1994 Genocide in Rwanda: Documentation of Two Massacres during April 1994 Virginia Hamilton Koula Papanicolas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/rawson_rwanda Recommended Citation Hamilton, Virginia and Papanicolas, Koula, "Genocide in Rwanda: Documentation of Two Massacres during April 1994" (1994). David Rawson Collection on the Rwandan Genocide. 86. https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/rawson_rwanda/86 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Archives and Museum at Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in David Rawson Collection on the Rwandan Genocide by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Genocide in Rwanda: Documentation of Two Massacres during April 1994 November 1994 This report is based on a U.S. Committee for Refugees site visit to Rwanda in August-September 1994. The documentation was gathered, and this report was written, by David Hawk, an expert on documentation of genocide. Hawk is former U.S. Executive Director of Amnesty International, and Associate of the Center for the Study of Human Rights at Columbia University. He has had years of experience documenting Khmer Rouge massacres of civilians in Cambodia, and has led efforts to bring those responsible to justice. He was assisted by Joan Kakwinzere, professor of history at Makerere University, a human rights professional, and long-term member of Uganda's Commission of Inquiry into Human Rights Abuse. This report was edited by Virginia Hamilton and produced by Koula Papanicolas of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Livelihoods Zoning “Plus” Activity in Rwanda
    LIVELIHOODS ZONING “PLUS” ACTIVITY IN RWANDA A SPECIAL REPORT BY THE FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS NETWORK (FEWS NET) August 2011 LIVELIHOODS ZONING “PLUS” ACTIVITY IN RWANDA A SPECIAL REPORT BY THE FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS NETWORK (FEWS NET) August 2011 The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. 1 Contents Introduction 4 Methodology 5 National Livelihood Zone Map 6 Livelihoods Key Points 7 Rural Livelihood Zones Descriptions 9 Livelihood Zone 1: Lake Kivu Coffee Zone 9 Livelihood Zone 2: West Congo-Nile Crest Tea Zone 11 Livelihood Zone 3: Northwest Volcanic Irish Potato Zone 14 Livelihood Zone 4: East Congo-Nile Highland Farming Zone 17 Livelihood Zone 5: Central Plateau Cassava and Coffee Zone 20 Livelihood Zone 6: Northern Highlands Beans and Wheat Zone 22 Livelihood Zone 7: Central-Northern Highlands Irish potato, Beans and Vegetable Zone 24 Livelihood Zone 8: Bugesera Cassava Zone 26 Livelihood Zone 9: Eastern Plateau Mixed Agriculture Zone 29 Livelihood Zone 10: Southeastern Plateau Banana Zone 31 Livelihood Zone 11: Eastern Agro-Pastoral Zone 33 Livelihood Zone 12: Eastern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 36 Annex One: Sector by Livelihood Zone 38 Annex Two: Workshop Participants 48 2 Acknowledgments This work was done by Famine Early Warning Systems Network in collaboration with its partners Government of Rwanda’s Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Disaster Management, Ministry of Local Government, National Institute of Statistics, and National University of Rwanda, Catholic Relief Services, Rwandan Red Cross, Care and World Vision.
    [Show full text]