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Everest and Oxygen—Ruminations by a Climber Anesthesiologist by David Larson, M.D
Everest and Oxygen—Ruminations by a Climber Anesthesiologist By David Larson, M.D. Gaining Altitude and Losing Partial Pressure with Dave and Samantha Larson Dr. Dave Larson is an obstetric anesthesiologist who practices at Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, and his daughter Samantha is a freshman at Stanford University. Together they have successfully ascended the Seven Summits, the tallest peaks on each of the seven continents, a feat of mountaineering postulated in the 1980s by Richard Bass, owner of the Snowbird Ski Resort in Utah. Bass accomplished it first in 1985. Samantha Larson, who scaled Everest in May 2007 (the youngest non-Sherpa to do so) and the Carstensz Pyramid in August 2007, is at age 18 the youngest ever to have achieved this feat. Because of varying definitions of continental borders based upon geography, geology, and geopolitics, there are nine potential summits, but the Seven Summits is based upon the American and Western European model. Reinhold Messner, an Italian mountaineer known for ascending without supplemental oxygen, postulated a list of Seven Summits that replaced a mountain on the Australian mainland (Mount Kosciuszko—2,228 m) with a higher peak in Oceania on New Guinea (the Carstensz Pyramid—4,884 m). The other variation in defining summits is whether you define Mount Blanc (4,808 m) as the highest European peak, or use Mount Elbrus (5,642 m) in the Caucasus. Other summits include Mount Kilimanjaro in Kenya, Africa (5,895 m), Vinson Massif in Antarctica (4,892 m), Mount Everest in Asia (8,848 m), Mount McKinley in Alaska, North America (6,194 m), and Mount Aconcagua in Argentina, South America (6,962 m). -
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks of Britain) by Frank Duerden
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks of Britain) by Frank Duerden The Yorkshire DalesJames Herriot countryand its pleasures are laid out here in this glossy book, which features 28 walking routes by varying levels of difficulty and length. Britain's third largest national park is renowned for its 680 square miles of diverse terrain and exquisite natural beauty.Author: Frank DuerdenFormat: HardcoverYorkshire Dales (Great Walks of Britain): Duerden, Frank ...https://www.amazon.com/Yorkshire-Dales-Great-Walks-Britain/dp/0706361644Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks of Britain) [Duerden, Frank] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks of Britain) GREAT WALKS YORKSHIRE DALES. [frank-duerden] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. GREAT WALKS YORKSHIRE DALES. Oct 23, 1986 · Start by marking “Great Walks: Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks Series)” as Want to Read: ... Frank Duerden. liked it 3.00 · Rating details · 2 ratings · 0 reviews Get A Copy. Amazon;3/5(2)Great Walks, Yorkshire Dales by Frank Duerden ...https://www.ebay.com/itm/Great- Walks-Yorkshire...Great Walks, Yorkshire Dales by Frank Duerden Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less Looking for books by Frank Duerden? See all books authored by Frank Duerden, including Great Walks: Yorkshire Dales (Great Walks Series), and The Complete Rambler: A Guide to Every Aspect of Walking in Britain, and more on ThriftBooks.com. Author of Yorkshire Dales, The Pennine Way (Great Walks), North Wales, Best Walks in the Lake District (Guides), Great Walks, Great Walks of the National Parks (Great Walks), .. -
Climb Mount Elbrus
climb Mount Elbrus actionchallenge on Mount Elbrus Our ascent of Mount Elbrus begins in the foothills of the lower Caucasus. Elbrus, an inactive volcano, is one of the famous Seven Summits and, at 5,642 m, is the highest mountain in Europe. It’s a fantastic, rewarding challenge - all you need is an adventurous team spirit, good fitness and two weeks out of the office. We begin our challenge from Kislovodsk, in the heart of the lower Caucasus. From here we carry out acclimatisation climbs, ascending progressively higher each day, practicing our crampon, rope and ice axe techniques. From Base Camp we climb through the rocky moraine of the Mikelchiran Glacier to our next camp at 3,600 m far above the grasslands, with stunning views across the glaciers and the lower Caucasus range. Together we make the climb to Lenz Rocks, crossing several crevasses, and prepare for our bid to reach the summit of Mount Elbrus. The ascent to the top is tough but exhilarating, beginning with a glacier climb to the saddle between the two summits at 5,416 m. We work as a team to climb up the next steep section to the ridge and, after a final short push, we reach the summit at 6,642 m. We are rewarded with a breathtaking view over the Caucasus from the highest point in Europe. Back in the spa town of Kislovodsk we celebrate our ascent to the summit of Mount Elbrus with a traditional Russian sauna, dinner and fine chilled vodka with our new friends. at a glance trip highlights ● Activity: Trekking - Altitude ● Take on one of the seven summits of the world ● Location: -
Conditioning: Why Go to the to Pack Light, Gym When You Just Pack Right Can Go Outdoors?
WWW.MOUNTAINEERS.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2011 • VOLUME 105 • NO. 2 MountaineerE X P L O R E • L E A R N • C O N S E R V E Conditioning: Why go to the To pack light, gym when you just pack right can go outdoors? Take your spring skiing to British Columbia’s backcountry inside Mar/Apr 2011 » Volume 105 » Number 2 9 How to best lighten your pack Enriching the community by helping people explore, conserve, learn about, and enjoy the 11 Sailing? Mountaineers? lands and waters of the Pacific Northwest. A carload of climbers said, why not? 18 B.C.’s best for spring skiing 11 Heading north? Check these lodges and huts 21 Train outdoors to get ready Why go to the gym when you can go to the beach? 24 Doing the PCT piece by piece This Foothills course is all about logistics 6 reaching OUT Mountaineers with sea legs Connecting the community to the outdoors 7 conservation currents 18 News about conservation and recreational access 14 OUR fRIENdS Goings on in the broader outdoor community 16 GEAR grist Making the turn from downhill to backcountry skiing 17 stepping UP Help prepare Kitsap Cabin for Earth Day! Best of British Columbia’s backcountry 26 bookMARkS Tasty trail food you don’t need to pack 24 27 PLAyGROUNd A place for kids to solve the puzzles of nature 28 CLIff notes New column looks at what’s up in the alpine 37 GO GUIdE Trips, outings, events, courses, seminars Taking on Washington’s Pacific Crest Trail DISCOVER THE MOUntaINEERS If you are thinking of joining — or have joined and aren’t sure where to The Mountaineer uses . -
Find out More About the Three Peaks Project At
The Yorkshire Three Peaks walk Distance: 39km (24 miles) Parking: Horton car park ( BD24 0HF, SD 807 724) Other transport: Horton train station on the Settle to Carlisle line is close to the start Toilets: Horton car park Refreshments: pubs and café in Horton, Station Inn at Ribblehead and the Old Hill Inn in Chapel-le-dale This is a major challenge walk which is long and involves over 1600m (5000 feet) of climbing over the Three Peaks of Pen-y-ghent, Whernside and Ingleborough. There is one section on road, but the paths are good. You do need to be able to navigate and cope with conditions in the high fells. Route description 1. Walk south out of the village passing the Golden Lion pub and church and cross a small stream. Then turn left up a minor tarmac road. Follow this up towards Brackenbottom and just before reaching some buildings take a footpath on your left signed to Pen-y-ghent. 2. Climb steadily up through fields with Pen-y-ghent ahead of you. The final section of the route to the summit is steeper for a while before reaching the trig point and shelter. 3. Cross the wall at the summit and follow the clear path heading roughly north. This zig zags down, passing the gash of Hunt Pot, to reach the head of a walled lane. 4. Carry straight on to follow the new path over Whitber Hill to reach a clear track. Turn right and follow this for 1.5km (1 mile) and then take the path on the left towards Birkwith cave. -
Radiological Protection and Radioactive Waste Management
Occupational radiation doses of United Kingdom high altitude mountain guides as a result of cosmic ray exposures. Robert W Kerra* aRP Alba Ltd, Geanies House, Fearn, Tain, Ross-shire, Scotland, IV20 1TW, UK. Abstract UK based mountain guides lead multiple expeditions throughout the course of a year. They will receive radiation doses from cosmic rays during air travel and their time spent at elevated altitudes in the mountains of the world. These radiation doses are received as part of their employment. This paper illustrates that UK based high altitude mountain guides can potentially receive greater than 1 milliSv per year of cosmic radiation dose in excess of what they would have received at ground level. These individuals are “occupationally exposed” to cosmic radiation as a result of their profession. The European Community Basic Safety Standards Directive 96/29/EURATOM does not apply to exposure to cosmic radiation prevailing at ground level. The highest “ground level” that a UK mountain guide may be working at is 8848m. The maximum flying altitude of some internal flights in the UK is 7925m. 96/29/EURATOM does apply to cosmic radiations being received by aircrews therefore there is an anomaly in radiation protection where the cosmic radiation exposures of aircrew operating for short durations at altitudes lower than mountain guides operating at high altitudes for prolonged times have to be taken into account. UK based high altitude mountain guides are undergoing planned occupational exposures to cosmic radiation whilst still on the ground. Consideration should be given by the legislative authorities to include the control and assessment of cosmic radiation exposures of professionals likely to receive greater than 1 milliSv per year of cosmic radiation in excess of what would have been received in their home country at ground level. -
Mountain Accidents 2015
ISSN 2046-6277 LAKE DISTRICT SEARCH & MOUNTAIN RESCUE ASSOCIATION MOUNTAIN ACCIDENTS 2015 Cambridge Crag and Bowfell from ‘Wainwright’s Southern Fells’ and reproduced by courtesy of the Westmorland Gazette The Lake District Search and Mountain Rescue Association would like to acknowledge the contributions given to this association by all members of the public, public bodies and trusts. In particular, this association gratefully acknowledges the assistance given by Cumbria Constabulary. Contents Introduction ................................................................... 2 Chairman’s Report ........................................................ 3 Incident Details 2015 January ................................................................. 5 February ................................................................ 7 March .................................................................... 12 April ....................................................................... 16 May ....................................................................... 21 June ...................................................................... 26 July ........................................................................ 31 August ................................................................... 35 September ............................................................. 43 October ................................................................. 48 November .............................................................. 54 December ............................................................. -
Dent to Aye Gill Pike This Rewarding Walk Has Spectacular Views of the Howgill Fells (Below), the Three Peaks of Yorkshire, and Dentdale
Dent to Aye Gill Pike This rewarding walk has spectacular views of the Howgill Fells (below), the Three Peaks of Yorkshire, and Dentdale. Start: Dent car park (GPS: SD 703 871) Distance: 10.5km (6.5 miles) Highest point: 556m (Aye Gill Pike summit) Time: Allow 3 to 4 hours Grade: Difficult Notes: This route has sections with no obvious path, so a map and navigational skills are required. There are short sections on quiet roads where care should be taken, and the route can be boggy in places. There are toilets, a village shop, café and pubs in Dent. Other options: For a more challenging experience, follow this route in the opposite direction, beginning with the very steep climb up to Aye Gill Pike. 1. (GPS: SD 704 870) Turn left out of the car park and walk through the cobbled village centre. Leave the village on this road and pick up the riverside path for the Dales Way on your left, just before the river Dee. Follow this path until you reach the tarmac road. 2. (GPS: SD 700 873) Turn right along the road and pick up the Dales Way again on your right, continuing along the river to the road at Barth Bridge. 3. (GPS: SD 694 878) At the road turn right. Walk along here for a short distance (approx 150m) and turn up the small tarmac lane on your right. Continue along this quiet lane for approximately 1km, until reaching Lunds Farm. 4. (GPS: SD 694 887) At the entrance to Lunds Farm turn left and continue through the cobbled yard. -
RR 01 07 Lake District Report.Qxp
A stratigraphical framework for the upper Ordovician and Lower Devonian volcanic and intrusive rocks in the English Lake District and adjacent areas Integrated Geoscience Surveys (North) Programme Research Report RR/01/07 NAVIGATION HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT Bookmarks The main elements of the table of contents are bookmarked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub-headings, figures, plates and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. In addition, the report contains links: from the principal section and subsection headings back to the contents page, from each reference to a figure, plate or table directly to the corresponding figure, plate or table, from each figure, plate or table caption to the first place that figure, plate or table is mentioned in the text and from each page number back to the contents page. RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH REPORT RR/01/07 A stratigraphical framework for the upper Ordovician and Lower Devonian volcanic and intrusive rocks in the English Lake The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the District and adjacent areas Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Licence No: 100017897/2004. D Millward Keywords Lake District, Lower Palaeozoic, Ordovician, Devonian, volcanic geology, intrusive rocks Front cover View over the Scafell Caldera. BGS Photo D4011. Bibliographical reference MILLWARD, D. 2004. A stratigraphical framework for the upper Ordovician and Lower Devonian volcanic and intrusive rocks in the English Lake District and adjacent areas. British Geological Survey Research Report RR/01/07 54pp. -
Seven Summits. Four Months. One Dream
ADVENTURE SEVEN SUMMITS. FOUR MONTHS. ONE DREAM. n December 2014, after being dumped by a wave SpinalCure Australia and Surf Life Saving WA. and driven head first into the sand at Cottesloe And so, his Project 7in4 was born. Beach in Perth, Western Australia, local Steve “Lying in a hospital bed with an uncertain prognosis Plain laid partially paralysed, face-down in the after my accident was frustrating and frightening — water. Unable to breathe, his initial concern I had never felt so weak or hopeless,” explains Steve. Iwas drowning. Fortunately, Steve’s life was saved by “I made the decision not to accept the doctor’s diagnosis, the quick work of volunteer surf lifesavers Lara and and managed to overcome significant spinal injury to STEVE’S The Gary Matier and friend Dave Field. He was rushed to walk again, but others are not as lucky. My goal is to hospital under full spinal precautions and eventually raise awareness and funds for the organisations ASCENSIONS Incredible told he had sustained multiple unstable fractures at providing vital assistance to these people. SpinalCure the C2, C3 and C7 vertebrae as well as a contorted Australia is funding some world-first neuroscience Journey of a spinal cord, ruptured disc, dissected arterial artery, research using neurostimulation to give life-changing MT VINSON ANTARCTICA torn ligaments and more. benefits to people currently living with spinal cord summited True Aussie The prognosis was initially very poor as Steve was injuries. Through Project 7in4, I hope to drive enough January 16, 2018 told by doctor’s he may never regain full movement. -
Appleby Archaeology January 2011 the Annual General Meeting Of
Appleby Archaeology January 2011 The Annual General Meeting of Appleby Archaeology held in January was followed by the Members Evening when the speaker was Dr Stephen Walker. Stephen, who became a member of the group in 2010, grew up in Kirby Stephen and has now returned to live there, spoke on his research into The Origins of the The Nine Standards. The Nine Standards are located near the summit of Hartley Fell known as Nine Standards Rigg and have fascinated Stephen for a long time. In 2008 he published his book Nine Standards: Ancient Cairns or Modern Folly? The book is described as “a well-researched and entertaining account of all that is known about the nine stone monuments which stand on the skyline above Kirkby Stephen.” Stephen spoke briefly on his documentary research and continued, using excellent slides to consider why and when they were built. The first step was to try and find out what was known about the monuments and he began by reviewing the documentary evidence. The historical records that were studied included maps, charters, boundary rolls and perambulations. Maps record the existence of the Nine Standards as far back as the late17th or early 18th century but the first mention of them appears to have been around 1138 in documents associated with the Gant family of Swaledale. It is possible that the Nine Standards were boundary markers on the contested landscape of Upper Swaledale. In 504AD there is a reference in Old Welsh sources to a battle site north west of York called “toothed mountains” and this may refer to Nine Standards Rigg with the projecting stone monuments appearing like teeth on the horizon. -
Notes on the Geology of the English Lake District
449 NOTES ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH LAKE DISTRICT. By]. E. MARR, M.A., F.R.S. (Rlad July 6tlr, I,OO.) A.-INTRODUCTION. HE Council of your Association has done me the honour of T inviting me to act as Director of an excursion to Lakeland in the course of the summer. In these circumstances, as I have been engaged in studying the geology of the district for many years, and have arrived at certain conclusions which have not hitherto been published, I may be pardoned if I incorporate among notes which may serve to give some idea of the general structure of the district, a summary of such conclusions; especially as, in my opinion, a knowledge of them is requisite to a right understanding of the actual structure. For several seasons I have had the pleasure of working in Cumbria with my colleague, Mr. Alfred Harker. Many of the facts and conclusions recorded in this paper are the result of this joint work, and my colleague shares with me the credit for any records which may be of value. I shall endeavour in the paper to point out clearly such portions as must be regarded as the joint work of Mr. Harker and myself. I have obtained his permission to give this brief preliminary outline of the results of our work, and should any errors be found therein I ask that I alone may be considered responsible for them. It is well-known that the heart of Lakeland is composed of Lower Palseozoic rocks, and that around these is a girdle of later deposits of Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic ages.