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The United Nations World Food Programme WFP Karamoja Region Market Assessment in Uganda FINAL REPORT July 2017 Submitted by Population and Development Consult Limited P.O. Box 23746 Kampala. Plot 29B, Lumumba Avenue, Nakasero Tel: +256-414-692-767 Kampala, Uganda In response to RFP No. UG16NF206 1 About the cover photos from the top left: Naitakwae Market in Moroto District Kangole Market in Napak District Matany Market in Napak District Karita Livestock Market in Amudat District i ACKNOWLEDGMENT We wish to thank all the respondents who provided answers to the numerous questions asked during this study. We thank the staff of WFP in Kampala and in the field offices who facilitated this study. We thank the driver who drove us to all study locations. We thank the core team which helped to come up with this report. The contract to conduct the market study was awarded to Population and Development Consultants Ltd, a private consulting firm based at Plot 29B, Lumumba Avenue, Nakasero, Kampala which assembled the core team. The team consisted of: Mr. Gilbert Habaasa—the administrator; Dr. Andrew Muganga Kizito—the team leader, Statistician, and Agricultural Economist; Dr. Robert Rutaagi— Management and Market Specialist; Ms. Agnes Atyang—Agro-economist, Mr. Godfrey Okello-Omoding— Financial Analyst, and Mr. Caxton Etii - Social Scientist. We thank the people at WFP who gave us comments on the first draft of this report. ii Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................................................................... ii LISTS OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................... vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ vii LISTS OF ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................xiii 1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives of the study ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Overview of Karamoja ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Historical overview of food insecurity and food assistance in Karamoja ........................................... 2 2. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Sampling methodology and sample size ............................................................................................. 2 1.3 Data processing and analysis .............................................................................................................. 2 3. HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS .................................................................................................................. 3 3.1 Gender of household head ................................................................................................................. 3 3.2 Physical status of the household head ............................................................................................... 3 3.3 Household Head level of education .................................................................................................... 4 3.4 Household membership ...................................................................................................................... 4 3.5 Household economic status ................................................................................................................ 4 3.5.1 Asset ownership: .......................................................................................................................... 4 3.5.2 Livestock ownership: .................................................................................................................... 5 3.6 Primary economic activities ................................................................................................................ 6 4. KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................................ 7 4.1 KEY MARKETS IN KARAMOJA .................................................................................................................. 7 4.1.2 Types/status of markets .................................................................................................................. 7 4.1.2 Frequency of operation ................................................................................................................... 7 4.2 FOOD AVAILABILITY IN THE MARKETS .................................................................................................... 8 4.2.1 Seasonal calendar ............................................................................................................................ 8 4.2.2 Rainfall patterns and variability ....................................................................................................... 8 4.2.3 Key commodities in the markets ..................................................................................................... 9 4.2.4 Seasonal availability of food in markets .......................................................................................... 9 4.3 CURRENT AND SEASONAL COMMODITY PRICES .................................................................................... 9 4.3.1 Current food prices .......................................................................................................................... 9 iii 4.3.2 Seasonality and trends in prices .................................................................................................... 10 4.3.3 Price competitiveness .................................................................................................................... 11 4.3.4 Price projection or outlook ............................................................................................................ 11 4.4 TRADERS RESPONSE CAPACITY ............................................................................................................. 11 4.4.1 Number of traders dealing in food commodities .......................................................................... 11 4.4.2 Expected time to re-stock .............................................................................................................. 12 4.4.3 Storage facilities and their capacity ............................................................................................... 12 4.4.4 Potential challenges traders face ................................................................................................... 12 4.4.5 Conduct issues ............................................................................................................................... 12 4.5 HOUSEHOLD MARKET ACCESS .............................................................................................................. 14 4.5.1 Distance to markets and travel time .............................................................................................. 14 4.5.2 Challenges faced in accessing markets .......................................................................................... 14 4.6 HUSEHOLD DEGREE OF DEPENDENCE ON MARKETS ............................................................................ 15 4.7 SAFETY AND SECURITY .......................................................................................................................... 15 4.7.1 Household safety and security ....................................................................................................... 15 4.7.2 Traders/Market participants’ safety and security ......................................................................... 16 4.8 INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................................................... 17 4.8.1 Road connectivity........................................................................................................................... 17 4.8.2 Banking and other financial institutions ........................................................................................ 17 4.8.2.1 Banks and MFIs ....................................................................................................................... 17 4.8.2.2 SACCOs, VSLAs and Cooperatives ........................................................................................... 17 4.9 MOBILE NETWORK AND ITS IMPLICATION ........................................................................................... 18 4.10 MARKET INTEGRATTION ..................................................................................................................... 20 4.11 EXPERIENCE OF OTHER CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMMES ................................................................... 22 4.11.1 NUSAF II Cash for Work ..............................................................................................................