‘The legend you thought you knew’: text and screen representations of Puteri Gunung Ledang Mulaika Hijjas Abstract: This article traces the evolution of narratives about the supernatural woman said to live on Gunung Ledang, from oral folk- View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE lore to sixteenth-century courtly texts to contemporary films. In provided by SOAS Research Online all her instantiations, the figure of Puteri Gunung Ledang can be interpreted in relation to the legitimation of the state, with the folk- lore preserving her most archaic incarnation as a chthonic deity essential to the maintenance of the ruling dynasty. By the time of the Sejarah Melayu and Hikayat Hang Tuah, two of the most impor- tant classical texts of Malay literature, the myth of Puteri Gunung Ledang had been desacralized. Nevertheless, a vestigial sense of her importance to the sultanate of Melaka remains. The first Malaysian film that takes her as its subject, Puteri Gunung Ledang (S. Roomai Noor, 1961), is remarkably faithful to the style and sub- stance of the traditional texts, even as it reworks the political message to suit its own time. The second film, Puteri Gunung Ledang (Saw Teong Hin, 2004), again exemplifies the ideology of its era, depoliticizing the source material even as it purveys Barisan Nasional ideology. Keywords: myth; invention of tradition; Malay literature; Malaysian cinema Author details: Mulaika Hijjas is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fel- low in the Department of South East Asia, SOAS, Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG, UK. E-mail:
[email protected].