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The Connection
The Connection ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Copyright 2011: Royal Air Force Historical Society First published in the UK in 2011 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISBN 978-0-,010120-2-1 Printed by 3indrush 4roup 3indrush House Avenue Two Station 5ane 3itney O72. 273 1 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President 8arshal of the Royal Air Force Sir 8ichael Beetham 4CB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air 8arshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-8arshal N B Baldwin CB CBE FRAeS Vice-Chairman 4roup Captain J D Heron OBE Secretary 4roup Captain K J Dearman 8embership Secretary Dr Jack Dunham PhD CPsychol A8RAeS Treasurer J Boyes TD CA 8embers Air Commodore 4 R Pitchfork 8BE BA FRAes 3ing Commander C Cummings *J S Cox Esq BA 8A *AV8 P Dye OBE BSc(Eng) CEng AC4I 8RAeS *4roup Captain A J Byford 8A 8A RAF *3ing Commander C Hunter 88DS RAF Editor A Publications 3ing Commander C 4 Jefford 8BE BA 8anager *Ex Officio 2 CONTENTS THE BE4INNIN4 B THE 3HITE FA8I5C by Sir 4eorge 10 3hite BEFORE AND DURIN4 THE FIRST 3OR5D 3AR by Prof 1D Duncan 4reenman THE BRISTO5 F5CIN4 SCHOO5S by Bill 8organ 2, BRISTO5ES -
Tome 2 · ANNEXES to the STUDY REPORT
Tome 2 · ANNEXES to the STUDY REPORT Annex A: International Team activities during the Study Annex B: Questions to and Answers from UK Authorities Ba Questions to and Answers from : UK CAA Bb, Questions to and Answers from DERA Bc, & Bd Bc Questions to and Answers from the Army Historical branch & Bd Questions to and Answers from the Royal Navy Historical Branch Be,& Bf Be Questions to and Answers from The Royal Air Force Bf Questions to and Answers from the Public Record Office Annex A: International Team activities during the Study Report Annex A « INTERNATIONAL TEAM ACTIVITIES » From July 17, 2000 To November 27, 2001 1. Mission in Dublin on 17-18 July 2000 Mr. Colin Torkington, Admiral Yves Lemercier and Mr. Manuel Pech were convened at Dublin by the head of the AAIU, Mr. Kevin B. Humphreys, in view of:- Being informed on the Tuskar Rock accident, the accident report of the 1968 Investigation Commission, the follow-on of this inconclusive report, the 2000 review and the common will of the Irish and English parties to get out of all the “conspiracy” theories produced since the seventies; Being asked if they accepted to work as an “International Team”, on a task to be given by the Assistant Secretary General-Aviation, of the Department of Public Enterprise; Contributing to the definition of the task. The three experts were informed during a session held in the AAIU on 17th afternoon; they accepted to work as a team; Mr. Torkington was leading the team‟s activities with respect to technical matters; Mr. -
Desind Finding
NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application. -
Worldwide Equipment Guide
WORLDWIDE EQUIPMENT GUIDE TRADOC DCSINT Threat Support Directorate DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. Worldwide Equipment Guide Sep 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page Memorandum, 24 Sep 2001 ...................................... *i V-150................................................................. 2-12 Introduction ............................................................ *vii VTT-323 ......................................................... 2-12.1 Table: Units of Measure........................................... ix WZ 551........................................................... 2-12.2 Errata Notes................................................................ x YW 531A/531C/Type 63 Vehicle Series........... 2-13 Supplement Page Changes.................................... *xiii YW 531H/Type 85 Vehicle Series ................... 2-14 1. INFANTRY WEAPONS ................................... 1-1 Infantry Fighting Vehicles AMX-10P IFV................................................... 2-15 Small Arms BMD-1 Airborne Fighting Vehicle.................... 2-17 AK-74 5.45-mm Assault Rifle ............................. 1-3 BMD-3 Airborne Fighting Vehicle.................... 2-19 RPK-74 5.45-mm Light Machinegun................... 1-4 BMP-1 IFV..................................................... 2-20.1 AK-47 7.62-mm Assault Rifle .......................... 1-4.1 BMP-1P IFV...................................................... 2-21 Sniper Rifles..................................................... -
Archie to SAM a Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense
Archie to SAM A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense Second Edition KENNETH P. WERRELL Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama August 2005 Air University Library Cataloging Data Werrell, Kenneth P. Archie to SAM : a short operational history of ground-based air defense / Kenneth P. Werrell.—2nd ed. —p. ; cm. Rev. ed. of: Archie, flak, AAA, and SAM : a short operational history of ground- based air defense, 1988. With a new preface. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58566-136-8 1. Air defenses—History. 2. Anti-aircraft guns—History. 3. Anti-aircraft missiles— History. I. Title. 358.4/145—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public re- lease: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii In memory of Michael Lewis Hyde Born 14 May 1938 Graduated USAF Academy 8 June 1960 Killed in action 8 December 1966 A Patriot, A Classmate, A Friend THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii FOREWORD . xiii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . xv PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION . xvii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION . xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xxi 1 ANTIAIRCRAFT DEFENSE THROUGH WORLD WAR II . 1 British Antiaircraft Artillery . 4 The V-1 Campaign . 13 American Antiaircraft Artillery . 22 German Flak . 24 Allied Countermeasures . 42 Fratricide . 46 The US Navy in the Pacific . -
Appendix 14A. Global Efforts to Control MANPADS
Appendix 14A. Global efforts to control MANPADS MATT SCHROEDER I. Introduction Preventing the acquisition and use of man-portable air defence systems (MANPADS) by terrorists and rebel groups has been a matter of concern since the early 1970s. However, despite the persistence of the threat MANPADS pose to aviation, it was the 2002 al-Qaeda attack on an Israeli civilian aircraft flying out of Mombassa, Kenya, that focused world attention on the issue. This introductory section continues by providing some basic information on the development and main types of MANPADS and their capabilities. Section II of this appendix gives an overview of the main threats posed by the weapon. Section III reviews efforts to control the weapon prior to the Mombassa attack, and section IV examines contemporary counter-MANPADS efforts. Section V presents some concluding observations and recommendations for further action. MANPADS fire short-range surface-to-air (SAM) missiles and are designed to be carried and operated by a single individual or a crew of several individuals. There are three basic types of missile used by MANPADS, which are often categorized by their guidance system: passive infrared seekers, laser-beam riders and command line-of- sight (CLOS) system (see table 14A). Most MANPADS missiles, including the Soviet/Russian SA series, the US Stinger and the Chinese Vanguard, are lightweight, ‘fire-and-forget’ missiles that home in on infrared light generated by heat from the target aircraft. Since the unveiling of the relatively primitive US FIM-43 Redeye and the Soviet SA-7 (Strela 2)1 in the 1960s, weapons designers have steadily improved the range, altitude and guidance of infrared seekers. -
Land Rovers That Fire Missiles
LAND ROVERS THAT FIRE MISSILES Clive Elliott describes how the humble Land Rover can have the audacity to destroy tanks and even aircraft! The Land Rover represents a very cost-effective military vehicle and its appeal lies in the ability to be modified into a wide range of roles. This can be as a delivery vehicle for troops and equipment or as a platform for installations such as radios and weapons. These installations range from the weaponry just being bolted down to a more thoughtful design for a fighting machine. In the early stages of weapon development it is more likely to take the form of an improvisation that can be used to demonstrate a weapons system. Many of the missile systems fitted to Land Rovers were really adaptations of man-portable weapons, most of what follows is about British weapons including some information that has not been published before. Although this is meant to be about Land Rovers, it is as much about the story of British guided weapons. HESH & HEAT Warheads HESH (High Explosive Squash Head) warheads work by the warhead squashing into a “cow pat” and on detonation the shock wave blows large scabs of metal from the tank itself to cause devastation within. HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) warheads produce a jet of liquid copper, which burns a narrow hole through the armour to cause a pressure wave inside the tank that can kill the crew and detonate explosives. Alternative and more descriptive titles are “shaped” or “hollow charge” warheads, the hollow part refers to the conically shaped copper lined cavity in the warhead that is surrounded by the explosive. -
Evolution of Stickleback in 50 Years on Earthquake-Uplifted Islands
Evolution of stickleback in 50 years on earthquake-uplifted islands Emily A. Lescaka,b, Susan L. Basshamc, Julian Catchenc,d, Ofer Gelmondb,1, Mary L. Sherbickb, Frank A. von Hippelb, and William A. Creskoc,2 aSchool of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508; cInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403; and dDepartment of Animal Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 Edited by John C. Avise, University of California, Irvine, CA, and approved November 9, 2015 (received for review June 19, 2015) How rapidly can animal populations in the wild evolve when faced occur immediately after a habitat shift or environmental distur- with sudden environmental shifts? Uplift during the 1964 Great bance (26, 27). However, because of previous technological lim- Alaska Earthquake abruptly created freshwater ponds on multiple itations, few studies of rapid differentiation in the wild have islands in Prince William Sound and the Gulf of Alaska. In the short included genetic data to fully disentangle evolution from induced time since the earthquake, the phenotypes of resident freshwater phenotypic plasticity. The small numbers of markers previously threespine stickleback fish on at least three of these islands have available for most population genetic studies have not provided changed dramatically from their oceanic ancestors. To test the the necessary precision with which to analyze very recently diverged hypothesis that these freshwater populations were derived from populations (but see refs. 28 and 29). As a consequence, the fre- oceanic ancestors only 50 y ago, we generated over 130,000 single- quency of contemporary evolution in the wild is still poorly defined, nucleotide polymorphism genotypes from more than 1,000 individ- and its genetic and genomic basis remains unclear (30). -
Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 28
ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 28 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Photographs credited to MAP have been reproduced by kind permission of Military Aircraft Photographs. Copies of these, and of many others, may be obtained via http://www.mar.co.uk Copyright 2003: Royal Air Force Historical Society First published in the UK in 2003 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361-4231 Typeset by Creative Associates 115 Magdalen Road Oxford OX4 1RS Printed by Advance Book Printing Unit 9 Northmoor Park Church Road Mothmoor OX29 5UH 3 CONTENTS A NEW LOOK AT ‘THE WIZARD WAR’ by Dr Alfred Price 15 100 GROUP - ‘CONFOUND AND…’ by AVM Jack Furner 24 100 GROUP - FIGHTER OPERATIONS by Martin Streetly 33 D-DAY AND AFTER by Dr Alfred Price 43 MORNING DISCUSSION PERIOD 51 EW IN THE EARLY POST-WAR YEARS – LINCOLNS TO 58 VALIANTS by Wg Cdr ‘Jeff’ Jefford EW DURING THE V-FORCE ERA by Wg Cdr Rod Powell 70 RAF EW TRAINING 1945-1966 by Martin Streetly 86 RAF EW TRAINING 1966-94 by Wg Cdr Dick Turpin 88 SOME THOUGHTS ON PLATFORM PROTECTION SINCE 92 THE GULF WAR by Flt Lt Larry Williams AFTERNOON DISCUSSION PERIOD 104 SERGEANTS THREE – RECOLLECTIONS OF No -
Worldwide Equipment Guide Volume 2: Air and Air Defense Systems
Dec Worldwide Equipment Guide 2016 Worldwide Equipment Guide Volume 2: Air and Air Defense Systems TRADOC G-2 ACE–Threats Integration Ft. Leavenworth, KS Distribution Statement: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1 UNCLASSIFIED Worldwide Equipment Guide Opposing Force: Worldwide Equipment Guide Chapters Volume 2 Volume 2 Air and Air Defense Systems Volume 2 Signature Letter Volume 2 TOC and Introduction Volume 2 Tier Tables – Fixed Wing, Rotary Wing, UAVs, Air Defense Chapter 1 Fixed Wing Aviation Chapter 2 Rotary Wing Aviation Chapter 3 UAVs Chapter 4 Aviation Countermeasures, Upgrades, Emerging Technology Chapter 5 Unconventional and SPF Arial Systems Chapter 6 Theatre Missiles Chapter 7 Air Defense Systems 2 UNCLASSIFIED Worldwide Equipment Guide Units of Measure The following example symbols and abbreviations are used in this guide. Unit of Measure Parameter (°) degrees (of slope/gradient, elevation, traverse, etc.) GHz gigahertz—frequency (GHz = 1 billion hertz) hp horsepower (kWx1.341 = hp) Hz hertz—unit of frequency kg kilogram(s) (2.2 lb.) kg/cm2 kg per square centimeter—pressure km kilometer(s) km/h km per hour kt knot—speed. 1 kt = 1 nautical mile (nm) per hr. kW kilowatt(s) (1 kW = 1,000 watts) liters liters—liquid measurement (1 gal. = 3.785 liters) m meter(s)—if over 1 meter use meters; if under use mm m3 cubic meter(s) m3/hr cubic meters per hour—earth moving capacity m/hr meters per hour—operating speed (earth moving) MHz megahertz—frequency (MHz = 1 million hertz) mach mach + (factor) —aircraft velocity (average 1062 km/h) mil milliradian, radial measure (360° = 6400 mils, 6000 Russian) min minute(s) mm millimeter(s) m/s meters per second—velocity mt metric ton(s) (mt = 1,000 kg) nm nautical mile = 6076 ft (1.152 miles or 1.86 km) rd/min rounds per minute—rate of fire RHAe rolled homogeneous armor (equivalent) shp shaft horsepower—helicopter engines (kWx1.341 = shp) µm micron/micrometer—wavelength for lasers, etc. -
Transforming the Philippines' Defense Architecture
The Asia Program at the FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Transforming the Philippines’ Defense Architecture by Felix Chang Senior Fellow, FPRI TRANSFORMING THE PHILIPPINES’ DEFENSE ARCHITECTURE: How to Create a Credible and Sustainable Maritime Deterrent By Felix K. Chang May 2012 About FPRI - - - Founded in 1955 by Ambassador Robert Strausz Hupé, FPRI is a non partisan,- non profit organization devoted to bringing the insights of scholarship to bear on the development of policies that advance U.S. national interests. In the tradition of Strausz Hupé, FPRI embraces history and geography to illuminate foreign policy challenges facing the United States. In 1990, FPRI established the Wachman Center to foster civic and international Aboutliteracy in FPRI’s the community Asia Programand in the classroom. FPRI’s Asia Program has established itself as a leading force in the United States promoting debate and analysis of the many important developments in a region that has captured the attention of academics and policymakers alike. Each year the program generally contains five major elements: (1) research projects; (2) the InterUniversity Study Group on the U.S. and Asia; (3) an annual conference; (4) special means of dissemination; and (5) educational programs for the general public and teachers. We look forward to continued growth in the community of scholars, officials, and concerned public citizens who regularly participate and make vital contributions to our organized activities. FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE -3684 Tel. 215-732- -732-4401 1528 Walnut Street, Suite 610 • Philadelphia, PA 19102 3774 • Fax 215 Email [email protected] • Website: www.fpri.org Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. -
Rocket and Bomb Testing
WOOMERA.DOC Lecture to the .Hornsby Radio Club ROCKET AND BOMB TESTING Tonight I am going to talk about the Woomera rocket range, in South Australia, as it existed in the late 1950s and early 60s, and show a few slides of that period. And, all things being equal, I shall conclude with my experiences in testing the fusing system of an atomic bomb. Now to business. During World War II German military science reached for the stars and nearly grasped them. It achieved what the allies believed to be impossible - a long-range rocket which pushed 1 ton of high explosive 90 kilometres up to land 320 kilometres or so away. It was 1500 mm in diameter and weighed just on 13 tonnes. The flight took 5 minutes from firing to impact and against such a weapon there was no defence. This was the V2 rocket or the second Vengeance Weapon. (The first, the V1, was the flying bomb or Doodlebug as it was nicknamed..) Now, although Hitler had plans to build 30,000 V2s only 3,000 got to be fired against London, Antwerp and Brussels before the launch sites were overrun by the Allied armies. All the same, it was a close-run thing. But there is a counterpoint to this tale. The Allies achieved what the Germans did not believe was necessary the atomic bomb. In 1941 Germany had considered all the implications of building an atomic bomb and concluded that, on balance, the war could be waged and won with existing technology. The received wisdom in Germany was that there was no point in proceeding with something which would tax their technical resources to the utmost and which might not work in the long run.