Practical Ideas for Teaching Writing As a Process
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 294 193 CS 211 177 AUTHOR Olson, Carol Booth, Ed. TITLE Practical Ideas for Teaching Writing as a Process. 1987 Edition. INSTITUTION California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. REPORT NO ISEN-0-8011-0671-0 PUB DATE 87 NOTE 227p.; For 1986 edition, see ED 268 550. AVAILABLE FROMPublication:: Sales, California State Department of Education, P.O. Box 271, Sacramento, CA 95802-0271 ($6.00). PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Elementary Secondary Education; Evaluation Methods; *Prewriting; Revision (Written Composition); Student Writing Models; *Teaching Methods; Training Methods; Vocabulary Development; *Writing Evaluation; Writing Exercises; *Writing Instruction; *Writing Processes IDENTIFIERS *California Writing Project ABSTRACT A collaborative effort on the part of teachers from and consultants for the University of California, Irvine/California Writing Project, this guide presents ideas for teaching writing as a process at all levels of the curriculum. Each section of the guide presents an essay introducing the section topic, followed by practical ideas for teaching that technique or stage of the writing process. Also included are applications of writing techniques at particular grade levels, descriptions of ways to modify assignments, new ideas that were generated by an original idea, and variations on a theme. Following an introduction to the California Writing Project, the contents of the guide are divided into the following sections: (1) the writing process; (2) prewriting; (3) prewriting in the elementary school; (4) prewriting in different subjects; (5) showing, not telling (a training program for student writers); (6) writing; (7) domains of writing; (8) writing the saturation report; (9) point of view in writing; (10) writing the I-search paper; (11) sharing/responding; (12) Reading Around Groups (RAGs) for sharing/responding; (13) rewriting/editing; (14) revising for correctness; (15) building vocabularies; (16) evaluation; and (17) evaluation techniques. A list of selected references for literature, other sources, and publications about writing, and a list of publications available from the California State Department of Education are appended. (MM) ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS CENTER IERIC) MATERIAL INMICROFICHE ONLY Nchs document has been r etved from the person or organizan HAS BEEN G 'RANTED BY Originating it t C Minor changes have been made to improves reproduction Quality /11/77-{Xt Points of viewer opinions statedin this docu. ment do not necessarily representofficial OERI position or policy TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Lcr'N: Practical Iy eas 1987 Edition v) ci CALIFORNIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONBill HonigSuperintendent of Public InstructionSacramento, 1987 2 Practical Ides Compiled and edited by Carol Booth Olson Codirector, University of California, Irvine/ California Writing Project Prepared for publication by The Staff of the Bureau of Publications California State Department of Education Publishing Information Practical Ideas for Teaching Writing as a Process, which wascompiled and edited by Carol Booth Olson, Codirector of the University ofCalifornia, Irvine/ California Writing Project, was edited for publication byTheodore R. Smith, Editor in Chief, California State Department of Education. The book,which presents techniques and practical ideas for teachingstudents the stages in the writ- ing process, was first published by the Department of Educationin 1986 as a companion to its Handbook for Planning an Effective WritingProgram. This new edition of the book has been revised andexpanded to include new practical ideas for teaching writing, an index, and a list of references. JanetLundin, an Assistant Editor in the Bureau of Publications, helped in theediting of this new edition. and she prepared the index and list of references. Practical Ideas was prepared for photo-offset production by the staffof the Department's Bureau of Publications. Marguerite Wobschalldesigned the cover and prepared the artwork for the book, using a design created byNorman Wobschall. The typesetters were Anna Boyd, Leatrice Shimabukuro,and Ron Zacharias; and the editors who proofed the typeset copy were Ms. Lundinand Marie McLean. Russell Frank, Barbara Lyter, MargueriteWobschall, Pat Chladek, and the Media Services Unit of the Department ofEducation provided most of the photographs used to illustrate the book.The other photographers whose work appears in the book are cited in theacknowledgments on page x. Practical Ideas was published by the California State Department ofEduca- tion, 721 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, California (mailing address:P.O. Box 944272, Sacramento, CA 94244-2720). The document was printed by theOffice of State Printing and distributed under the provisions of theLibrary Distribution Act. Copyright, 1986, 1987, California State Department of Education Copies of this publication are available for $6 each, plus sales taxfor California residents, from Publications Sales, California State Department ofEducation, P.O. Box 271, Sacramento, CA 95802-0271. Any questionsregarding the sale or distribution of the book should be directed to Marilyn J. Butts,Publications Sales Manager, at the address cited above or by phoning(916) 445-1260. A list of other publications available from theDepartment of Education may be found on the last page of this book. ISBN 0-8011-0671-0 EDPRICS 4 a Aft Forewordvii Prefaceviii Acknowledgmentsix INTRODUCTION 1 The California Writing ProjectLJames R. Gray 1 We Are All Out-of-Date ScientistsOwen Thomas4 THE PROCESS 7 Teaching Writing as a ProcessClthy D'Aoust7 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR TEACHING WRITING AS A PROCESS 10 How Do You Really Write?Susan Starbuck 10 InterviewsA Good Way to Get StartedMartha Johnson I I Introducing Teachers to the Concept of Writingas a ProcessSue Rader WillettII The Demonstration Lesson--Paulette Morgan 14 Talking Students Through the Thinking-Writing ProcessJerryJudd 16 PREWRITING17 Clustering: A Prewriting ProcessGabriele Lusser Rico17 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR USING CLUSTERING IN THE PREWRITING STAGE20 Clustering with Nonreaders/ WritersMichael Carr20 Clustering in First GradeKathy Pierce22 Clustering on CirclesElizabeth Williams Reeves22 It Works!--Elizabeth B. Martinez23 Using Clustering as a Study SkillSusan Starbuck24 Propagating ClustersMichael O'Brien25 PREWRITING IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL26 A Potpourri of Prewriting Ideas for the ElementaryTeacherVirginia Baldwin26 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR PREWRITING IN THE ELEMENTARYSCHOOL 31 Snap, Crackle, Think!Laurie Opfell, Sue Rader Willett,and Julie Simpson 31 The Rock ExperienceErline S. Krebs33 Developing Fluency Through Poetic DialogueMichael Carrand Erline Krebs34 Pattern Writing with Novels for AdolescentsElizabeth WilliamsReeves37 5 iii PREWRITING IN DIFFERENT SUBJECTS 38 Prewriting Assignments Across the CurriculumJim Lee38 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR PREWRITING IN DIFFERENT SUBJECTS 40 A Primary Experience with SnailsCharrie Hunter40 Science SearchThe Write WayPatricia Gatlin41 Journal Writing Across the CurriculumMargaret Serences42 Guided Imagery in the Social StudiesDale Sprowl43 Mailbags and Miscellany: Writing in History ClassesLaurel Corona44 Just a Few Words on Sentence Combining Across the CurriculumWilliam Lomax 45 Snake in the Grass: An Integrated Approach to Concept FormationCarl Babb and Todd Huck47 SHOWING, NOT TELLING 51 A Training Program for Student WritersRebekah Caplan51 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR TRAINING STUDENTS TO SHOW, NOT TELL 57 Preparing for Showing, Not Telling, Through Share DaysMichael Carr57 Preparing Junior High School Students for Showing, Not TellingMarie Filardo57 Showing, Not Telling: Setting, Characterization, ConflictLaurie Opfell59 Integrating Clustering and Showing, Not TellingCarol Booth Olson62 Showing, Not Telling: A Stepping Stone Toward Expository WritingJulie Simpson 63 Writing About Literature with Showing, Not TellingWilliam Burns66 Showing, Not Telling, About The Canterbury TalesSue Ellen Gold68 WRITING70 ryiDeveloping a Sense of Audience, or Who Am I Really Writing This Paper For?Mary K. Healy70 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR DEVELOPING A SENSE OF AUDIENCE 73 An Exercise to Introduce the Concept of Audience to Stude.its and TeachersLynda Chittenden 73 Writing for a Live AudienceAnita Freedman74 Pen Pal ClubsVirginia Baldwin75 Writing to "Dear Abby"Karen Walden75 I Think We Need to Write a Substitute's ManualLynda Chittenden76 Providing an Audience for ESL Students and a Reason to WriteCarolyn Mendoza77 Learning LogsMindy Moffat79 DOMAINS OF WRITING 81 Teaching the Domains of WritingNancy McHugh81 PRACTICAL IDEAS FOR TEACHING THE DOMAINS OF WRITING 87 Specific Activities for Teaching the Domains of Writing in the Elementary GradesMary Turner and Rich Blough87 Using Visual Stimuli to Motivate Reluctant Writers and to Foster Descriptive Writing SkillsSue Rader Willet92 Guided Imagery in the Sensory, Descriptive and Imaginative, Narrative DomainsDale Sprowl93 Sequencing to Music: The Narrativ;.t DomainMike Conlon94 How to Carve a PumpkinA Writing Exercise in the Practical/Informative DomainMichael Carr96 How to Do "How To"Greta