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Mozambique : Memoirs of a Revolution Mozambique : memoirs of a revolution http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.crp3b10007 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Mozambique : memoirs of a revolution Author/Creator Paul, John Date 1975 Resource type Books Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Mozambique Source Northwestern University Libraries, Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, 967.903 P324m Rights By kind permission of John D. Paul and Penguin Books, Ltd. Description This book is a memoir by John Paul, who was "sent to Mozambique as an Anglican missionary in 1957". We worked in Mozambique for thirteen years. "Many of the students at his mission school became leaders or soldiers of Frelimo". Format extent 229 pages (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.crp3b10007 http://www.aluka.org ozambique ozambique oirs of a Revolution n Paul V 1' n6 46por- - PENGUIN AFRICAN LIBRARY Edited by Ronald Segal Mozambique: Memoirs of a Revolution John Paul was born in Plymouth, England, in 1928 and was educated at Winchester College and Edinburgh University. He trained for the Anglican Ministry at Ely Theological College, was ordained in 1954 and served as a curate in a Portsmouth parish for two years. He then joined the Universities' Mission to Central Africa, from which he was sent as an assistant priest to Messumba Mission on the Mozambican shore of Lake Malawi, and within two years became Superior of all the Anglican work in northern Mozambique. He was appointed an Archdeacon in x965 a few months after Frelimo had begun military operations against the Portuguese. In 1969 he married Susan Woodhouse, formerly secretary to the Hon. Garfield Todd. Health forced him to leave Mozambique in 1970. He is now Rector of the small Episcopal Church in Castle Douglas, Scotland. He has been interviewed on B.B.C., Grampian and Portuguese television and has broadcast on G.D.R. (East German) and B.B.C. radio. He still maintains his contacts in Mozambique and other parts of Africa. 1~ JOHN IAUL / Mozambique: Memoirs of a Revolution Penguin Books 7 C( (i 7j - J l . Penguin Books Ltd, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Penguin Books Inc., 71 o Ambassador Road, Baltimore, Maryland 21207, U.S.A. Penguin Books Australia Ltd, Ringwood, Victoria, Australia Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 41 Steelcase Road West, Markham, Ontario, Canada Penguin Books (N.Z.) Ltd, 182- 190 Wairau Road, Auckland io, New Zealand First published 1975 Copyright ©c John Paul, 1975 Made and printed in Great Britain by Hazell Watson & Viney Ltd, Aylesbury, Bucks Set in Linotype Plantin This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser ixJ : ' . ': I 1 . F Contents Acknowledgements 7 Introduction by Ronald Segal 9 Preface 1I I Introduction to Africa 13 2 Introduction to Messumba Mission 22 3 Interlude in Portugal 36 4 Missionary Apprentice 45 5 Portugalization 59 6 Black in Pluri-Continental Portugal 75 7 Portugal and World Opinion 81 8 The First Arrests 94 9 War 109 1o Terrorization 124 i i Isolation 134 12 Zona Neutra 148 13Convoys z6r 14TheArmyTakesOver 174 15 Rivalries 182 16 Fluctuating Hopes 196 17 The Last Chapter 209 Epilogue 227 Maps 230 Ack nowl edgements Acknowledgement is made to the following for permission to reproduce material in this book: Lord Kilbracken and the London Evening Standard The Church Times The United Society for the Propagation of the Gospel Introduction John Paul was workingl as an Anglican missionary in Mozambique when African rebellion against Portuguese rule there began. And he stayed to continue his work while the ensuing war spread to surround and inevitably involve his Mission. His book is important and necessary. For here is the character of Portuguese colonial rule drawn not in statutes and statistics, nor in the propaganda of either apology or denunciation, but in the lives of its various victims, white as well as black: administrators and police and soldiers, traders, teachers, peasants and labourers, schoolchildren. Here is recorded the rise of the Frelimo movement, alongside the decline of a r6gime whose moral nonsense made it rely increasingly on terror to survive, and whose increasing reliance on terror only nourished the challenge to its survival. It is a story that does not always keep a straight face. John Paul has a sharp sense of the ridiculous, and in Portuguese Mozambique horror jostled with farce. But the book is more than history written in the first person singular. It is the history of a singular personal dedication, which became a battlefield in the clash of armies and ideas. John Paul succeeded at least for a while in having his Mission recognized by both sides as a 'neutral zone'. He never became a neutral zone himself. There is no doubt where his sympathies lay, though his protection of the Mission and of all those who sought a home, a school, a hospital, a haven within it, persuaded him that he should close its doors to the rebellion if he was to keep the r6gime from closing them altogether. Indeed, this is, above all, a book about a decent human being who gave abundantly of himself. Ronald Segal Preface Since I returned from Mozambique, it has been suggested more than once that I should write of my experiences there. This was not possible while Caetano's Government was in power, as what I have written would not only have jeopardized Messumba's very existence, but would also have got particular persons into trouble. I have read glowing accounts of Portuguese rule in Africa written by M.P.s and others who had been completely hoodwinked by Portugal's 'public relations', and I have been astonished at their naivety. When the Mucumbura massacres coincided with the White Fathers' withdrawal from Mozambique in i97i, I hoped that this might open the eyes of the politicians and the public here to the true state of affairs in that country. But in 1973, England was celebrating her Ancient Alliance with Portugal, and feting Dr Caetano in London. Her Majesty, 'head' of the Established Church of England, was required to entertain a Prime Minister whose Government was responsible for the oppression of millions of people in Africa. As a British subject and an Anglican, I found this distressing and repugnant. The then Foreign Secretary and the Archbishop of Canterbury returned bland answers when I addressed to them pleas that at least Her Majesty and the Duke of Edinburgh might be allowed to hold themselves aloof from this political jamboree. My arguments were subsequently strengthened by the disclosure, through Fr Adrian Hastings and The Times, of the Wiriyamu massacres. I was, at that time, frequently asked if I could corroborate the stories. As I had left the country almost three years before these horrifying events, I naturally could not do so. But I could, and did, say that in the light of my experience, Preface I found myself able to believe every word that Fr Hastings wrote. The bitter denunciations of Fr Hastings that followed did little credit to his detractors. Following the coup of April 1974 in Portugal, there has been ample evidence of the massacres. Predictably, the United Nations' commission investigating the massacres made a statement on 13 June 1974 regretting that Portugal had failed to cooperate. The coup took most people by surprise - myself included but the character and life of General Spinola do not seem to augur as well for the future as some commentators would have us believe. His vacillations during the months immediately after the coup inspire but little confidence in him as a leader of a sincerely liberal Portugal. The recognition of his failures as a military commander in Guinea-Bissau formed the basis of his theory that there is no military solution to the problems of Portugal's overseas states'. The overthrow of the Caetano regime was primarily due to Portugal's problems in Africa, and most particularly in Mozambique. Castle Douglas, August 1974 I Introduction to Africa I can remember no time in my life when I did not want to go to Africa; and when I was old enough to learn about David Livingstone and other great men of the continent, my desire to go there strengthened into determination. Along with this resolve went an ambition to be a doctor, like my maternal grandfather, whose family had a long medical tradition.
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