Executive Summary Henderson, Matthew Hillgren, Ryan Labranche, LiamSmythe, Lee, Rachel Shelby Blundell, Kevin Cooper, Nolan Victoria Drumm, Fusz, Jonathan Corktown Residents &Business Association School ofSchool Urban and Regional Planning Instructor Tom Ostler, MCIP, RPP Sandra Iskandar, Architect Nathan Van Walle Der Ryerson University June 2013 24th Prepared For: Prepared By: & Executive Summary

Table of Contents XII. XI. X. IX. VIII. VII. VI. V. IV. III. II. I.

B AP M RECENT L HID L CUL TR D B EXECUTIVE OST HERITAGE OST STREETS IBLIOGRAPHY IBLIOGRAPHY OUNDARY JUSTIFICATION EMOGRAPHICS OVING FORWARD ADITIONAL HERITAGE PENDIX DEN HERITAGE TURAL HERITAGETURAL HERITAGE

SUMMARY

Corktown Heritage Study 58 52 35 27 51 45 31 19 11 7 5 4

Executive Summary

I. Executive Summary remainderthe of project this are as follows: towardsworkour we as upondraw to information of wealth a have we and explored thoroughly been all have Corktown’son buildingheritage. and understanding in CRBA owes as much to postwar the eraas it to Victorian the does Era. were.centuries 20th earlyand 19th signi as almost is neighbourhood the of heritage recent the yet heritage, traditional its of terms in neighbourhood historic a as of thought abundance of Victorian-era architecture and post war in a can which changes, building unrecognizable. as refurbished beyond its original state rendering the original built form characteristics propertya orarea being as summarizedhaving be canheritage valuethat been has heritage Hidden value. heritage having as investigation additional warrant may the street network within the study area was undertaken to determine which streets in ’s the street andgrid has been constantly evolving since past, its inception. An analysis industrial of forms, built the arguably is physical heritage the neighbourhood’s cultural de most Corktown’s shaped have Corktown. to modern shown of be landscape will and heritage Corktown’s of merit and Recent Heritage. Heritage, Hidden Streets, Lost Heritage,TraditionalCultural Heritage, principles: heritage.

locations? 2. W p 1. A ! E ! t H f 3. D r C or aHeritage as by determined District, Conservation City of Toronto o the areao the and its residents? esidents alike? reservation and identi xamples in traditional heritage have been selected to illustrate the physical orktown, and how communicated be can story this to visitors and eritage standards? Would such abene adistinction be ! itn o ti rpr i t cet a eald netr o Corktown’s of inventory detailed a create to is report this of intent e i s report will act as a valuable document for future reference for the the for reference future for document valuable a as act will report s re there ‘nodes’ of heritage inCorktown? of focus Canthe heritage o any of speci the is will be done by outlining Corktown’soutliningthrough byheritage done be will is hat is the ! " e history of the site has been lost or forgotten through these these forgottenthroughor lost been has site the of history e nal story told story nal by existing the heritage elements in " ning feature as it comprises the importance of the area’s the ofimportancefeaturecomprises it ningthe as " c heritage locations/areas warrant anomination " " nal product. product. nal $ cation e c te itrcl dniy f n ra Wt its With area. an of identity historical the ect ! e visual fabric of the modern day Corktownday modern the offabric visual e $ # orts be directed speci toorts certain be ec o Crtw’ dvre residents. diverse Corktown’s of uence ! e major questions that will inform will thatquestionsmajor e Corktown Heritage Study # " uences, Corktown is o cant to Corktown as the the as Corktown to cant " ! t or ahindrance e " ve principles ve " ve distinct ve

" c areas/

%

4 en

II. Boundary Justi!cation Association (henceforth referred to as CRBA). Schedule A) (See side. a west and the on south, Streets Parliament the and to Berkeley Expressway of Gardiner combination the east, the to River Don the north, time istime noticeably di boundaries. Corktown the within signi and di quite Street is de the surroundings.Shuteritsfrom neighbourhood the separate distinctly to serve both features. Figure 1. ! s budre wr dtrie b te okon eiet & Business & Residents Corktown the by determined were boundaries ese ! ! ! # erent from that witnessed in Corktown itself; many multi-unit buildings,multi-unit many itself; Corktown in witnessed that fromerent ! " e building typology and pattern of land use north of Shuter Street are Street Shuter of north use land of pattern and typology building e e southern and eastern boundaries are delineated by clearly visible, strong the to Street Shuter are neighbourhood Corktown the for boundaries e ! cantly more open space surrounding the structures than can be found be can than structures the surrounding space open more cantly e river and the Gardiner Expressway are dominant physical features and e Boundary Mape Boundary of Corktown Neighbourhood " ning road separating Corktown from to north. the # erent from that study inthe seen area. ! e ground-level density of Regent Park at this this at Park Regent of density ground-level e Corktown Heritage Study

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II. Boundary Justi!cation ey uh hscly n scal cnetd o h hat f Corktown. of heart traditional connections should the remain that way as redevelopment proceeds. to connected socially and physically much very the Street and Richmond Street on-ramps of to the Don Valley pieceParkway, these areas importantwere an represent such neighbourhood’sheritage and tradition. Prior to introduction the as of Adelaide the and work Corktown of places in been residence traditionally and have area study the of portion southern the builtthe form inCorktown proper. of character the with incongruous are ParliamentStreet of west and StreetFront the mixture of industrial, commercial, and higher-density residential uses south of ! Corktown.row in elsewhere some seen featuresthose to similar included) homes semi-detached and be housing to is Street Berkeley of side east the only area, e presence of north of East neatly caps the north side and ! A s for the western boundary, the section of Berkeley Street (for this study this (forStreet Berkeley of boundary,section western the the for s Dsilr Dsrc ad et o Lns hc ocp mc of much occupy which Lands Don West and District Distillery e Corktown Heritage Study

! ese ese 6

III. Demographics ! for past censuses, therefore the census tract was chosen as the basic unit for analysis. Corktown’sof prodemographic Statistics Census, and would enable a more geographically accurate reading 2011 the for available are housing andgender, population,age, for statistics (DA) area Dissemination Corktown. of part considered not are that areas include will this although CRBA, the by provided boundaries the following level tract census housing from taken be 2006Census. data the will indicators social available should be shortly. foralthoughCensus, 2011 numbers the relating to income, housing, and other e three census that tracts Corktown are a ofpart are displayed in the map below. Figure 2. ! On e demographic analysis of the Corktown area will be conducted at the the at conducted be will area Corktown the of analysis demographic e ! ly age, gender, population, and language statistics have been released been have statistics language and population, gender, age, ly e illustration of Corktown’s within three census boundary tracts. " le. However,available notareDA statistics le. these ! us, forincomeus, analysis this andall Corktown Heritage Study

7 POPULATION

Below is a graph detailing some of the population "gures for the Corktown area, contrasted with those for the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (CMA). III. Demographics

Figure 3. Toronto Census Metropolitan Area vs. Corktown Population in 2011. !ese three census tracts contained 16,777 residents as of the 2011 Census. !e graph above shows that the area has a proportionally larger male population than the rest of Toronto, and is growing somewhat more slowly. As for age characteristics, the study area has a median age of 36.6 years, while Toronto’s median age is 38.6. !is area is much more densely populated than the Toronto Metropolitan Area. !ese tracts have a population density of 7,049 residents per square kilometer, while Toronto has a population density of 945.4 residents/km2. In summary, the population of Corktown and the land included in the census tracts study shows there is a younger populace, a higher percentage of males, and a more dense population than Toronto as a whole.

Corktown Heritage Study 8

INCOME

In an e!ort to establish the economic pro"le of the area, numbers from the 2006 Census will be examined. #e Toronto CMA featured a median income (for all private households) of $64,128. #e three census tracts in the study area had a median private household income of $46,285. #is "gure could be misleading, as the tracts vary widely. Census Tract 16 has a median income of $61,260 and Census Tract 30’s median income is $30,451, so it is important to recognize that pockets of a$uence co-exist in close proximity with lower income portions of the neighbourhood. #ese two tracts also feature disparate amounts of residents who are classi"ed as low income before taxes, with Census Tract 16 and Census Tract 30showing rates of 16.5% and 61.1%. Toronto as a whole showed a rate of 18.4% of residents who were considered to be low income. #e area features a variety of income classes, and can serve as an example of successful mixing of social strata in one area. Despite the variation, the overall percentage of low-income residents for III. Demographics the three tracts (33.52% of their population) is quite high compared to Toronto as a whole.

HOUSING

#e most recent comprehensive housing statistics that are available for the neighbourhood are also from the 2006 Census. #e following chart will show some of the housing statistics for the area compared to those of the Toronto CMA.

Figure 4. Toronto CMA VS. Corktown - Housing Statistics in 2006.

Corktown Heritage Study 9

III. Demographics CMA. Toronto the than occupancy) owner than (ratherrental and averagevalue,lower Corktown’sland, density,toward higher tendency a showcharacteristicshousing urbanofcentrallylocated valuebuilt itand wasthe which in period owing the to due to the large number of rented properties and higher density dwellings. Largely Toronto the thanlower 25% roughlylikelyarethat most values is average, which Corktown’sproperty features whole.area Torontoa in as 8% only to compared heritage notable featuresmost in the Corktown, of accounts one for houses, 18% of Row Toronto. the housingof stock rest in the the neighbourhood, to contrast marked a dwellings; owned than dwellings rented of number higher a features area Corktown the that notable also is It homes. single-detached of proportion Torontolowermuch the a than and typologies CMA residence high-density and ! dt sos ht okon etrs mc hge pretg o medium of percentage higher much a features Corktown that shows data e Corktown Heritage Study

10 !e Toronto neighbourhood of Corktown is one of the city’s oldest and diverse neighbourhoods. With such a long history, Corktown has a valuable inventory of traditional heritage. Examples in traditional heritage have been selected, to illustrate the physical merit of Corktown’s heritage, and will be shown to have shaped the physical landscape of modern Corktown.

ENOCH TURNER !e Enoch Turner School was Toronto’s "rst free school that educated the neighbourhood’s children from the years of 1849-1859 (History of the Enoch Turner School House). While the main schoolhouse building has remained intact throughout its history, the uses have changed drastically over the course of numerous generations. When the Schoolhouse closed in 1859, it was repurposed as a Sunday school and Figure 5. !e Enoch Turner School a Parish Hall until the 1960’s (History of IV. Traditional Heritage Traditional IV. the Enoch Turner School House).

Other uses include a Boer War recruitment centre in 1899, a serviceman’s home away from home for both World Wars, a soup kitchen serving 1,500 people a week in the “Dirty !irties”, a Little Trinity Church neighbourhood youth clubhouse in the 1950’s, and a temporary meeting place a#er Little Trinity’s "re (History of the Enoch Turner School House).

!e Schoolhouse was threatened to be torn down in the late 1960’s as a result of disrepair, however architect Eric Arthur and local Corktown citizens collaborated on a plan to save and restore the Schoolhouse and in 1972 it was proudly reopened as a historic site and museum, enabling the physical building to stand strong as a reminder of

Corktown’s traditional heritage (History of the Enoch Turner School House). Figure 6 (Top) & 7 (Bottom). !e inside of Enoch Turner School.

Corktown Heritage Study 11

IV. Traditional Heritage andisToronto’s Street (Sackville use in PublicHistoricaloldest School still school ! still intact and most notably the separated girls and boys entrances are still visible. ! number soon rose to 269 by 1888 (Sackville Street Public School Historical Plaque). (1848). When the school and was built to replace Palace Street (1859)and School Enoch Turner the School School opened in the year 1887. HIGH SCHOOL) (INGLENOOK COMMUNITY SACKVILLE STREET SCHOOL Figure 8. e school operates today under the name Inglenook Community High School School High Community Inglenook name the under today operates school e is building original its as time ofschool’s test e the withstood has construction ! ! Scvle tet col peet a Igeok omnt High Community Inglenook day present School, Street Sackville e e Sackvill Streete Sackvill inpresent. School " rst opened it had an enrolment of 49 children, and that ! e school was the neighbourhood’s third school, Corktown Heritage Study

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IV. Traditional Heritage LUCIE ANDTHORNTON BLACKBURN Heritage Plag. Figure 9.Lucie and kept, as well as personal belongings such as a pearl handled pocketknife, brass pocketknife, watchpocket and (Lucie simple and jewelry handled pearl a as such belongings personal as well as kept, where barn horse a of foundations uncovered and months School). High Community Inglenook the (now House In 1985 an archaeological study was conducted on the former lot of the Blackburn ulig sre mn proe i te on uh s eiiu srie, court services, religious as such proceedings, and town the operation of government. the In 1812, the in declared purposes many served buildings site of provinces commemorateTrustHeritage(Ontarioto inland being protectedmore be would buildings the and States United the with war of threats increasing of result a as Toronto).York(now ofTown UPPER CANADA’S FIRST PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS of provinces governmentdemocratic (OntarioHeritagein Trust commemorateto site Company. Gas chimney accidental an # of result a as 1824 in down burned rebuilt been butbuildingshad werethe In 1820 2011). buildings and ofwar1812, stature ( to commemorate site of provinces that included the Royal Standard from , and the speakers mace and lions the York occupying itemsvaluable While took Parliamentand buildings the down burned 1813. troops American of April in York invaded and Britain on war re, the district jail took over the land that was later acquired by the Consumers the by acquired later was that land the over took jail district the re, U pper Canada’spper # rst parliament buildings and war of 1812,2011). ! ! # ornton Blackburn rst parliament buildings and war of 1812, 2011). bidns ee itrcly signi historically were buildings e # rstParliament Buildings werethe in 1797 in constructed ! e buildings were moved to York from Niagara Yorkfrom to moved were buildings e who sat in a separate box at the front (Ex (Ex front the at Slaves cities run box separate a in sat who driver the including once at passengers to four up carry to horse a used that service taxi Toronto’swas very this because heritage ! paintedandityellow,red it“ calling and constructed cab the had Montrealand in company taxicab a from blueprint a obtained Blackburn, and 2006). In (Lucie 1837, 1834 in School Street their home on the grounds of the old Sackville Road. married couple resided in Corktown and built Rail Underground the that through slaves away run two s s signi is is L ce and ucie ! ornton Blackburn, 2006). # Corktown Heritage Study at o okons traditional Corktown’s to cant # rst taxi,2007). ! # at s h brhlc of birthplace the as cant rtn lcbr were Blackburn ornton ! dg atd for lasted dig e ! ! # ornton Blackburn rtns a was ornton’s cab re. Following the the Following re. " d o Canada to ed # ! rst parliament e Parliament ! ! e City”.e

ornton # ! # rst 13 ve e

IV. Traditional Heritage reminder of the impoverished nature of the surroundings in the mid-19th mid-19th Littlecondition. the good in provincialisdesignation, protectedheritageanda by is in surroundings the residents. original the by of faced struggles the and century nature impoverished the of reminder area’spast. the to link tangible a providing Sunday schoollocation for anumber of years. its as building that used and TurnerSchoolhouse, Enoch the as block same the luminaries Neighbourhood on found is Itchurch’s the to (Denney,heavily1996) contributed construction. Shuter) John and given. Worts, John Gooderham, was Turner, William Enoch (including endowment church no voluntary; Toronto’sof some by residents. service wealthier civic a as built was ChurchTrinity Little and Cathedral, James St. in Irish immigrantsCorktownin notdid have the the of Many 1844. 14th, February on began services and 1843, 20th, July Toronto. of city the in building church standing CHURCH TRINITY LITTLE 168 years, and should continue for to doso along time. Trinity Anglican Church has provided hope and comfort to its neighbourhood for ! L tl Tiiy nlcn hrh lctd t 2 Kn S. , s h oldest the is E, St. King 425 at located Church, Anglican Trinity ittle s to adak fr a eiae hb fr h neighbourhood, the for ‘hub’ heritage a form landmarks two ese Figure 10. ! e Drawings of First Parliament Buildings (1796-1813) ! e funding for construction was entirelywas constructionfor funding e " nancialmeans to purchase space pew ! is link is especially notable as a as notable especially is link is Corktown Heritage Study ! cresoe a li on laid was cornerstone e ! ankfully,church the Trinity Church (Right). Little (Le Figure 11 # ) &12

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IV. Traditional Heritage how much fortunes the of its residents have improved since its early days. ofreminder a Corktown,changingandfortunesof inspiring the example ofan is communitycontemporary the of safety the to much contributesso that way a in basilica-style architecture (City of Toronto). unique the forrecognizable easily both Companyare Opera Canadian the house in 2004 (Wilson, 2010). headquartersDivision. ofthe 51 foras use signi some had (which building the rehabilitated Toronto the 1980s, the intoin buildingfelldisuse the acquiredand Police Service A north-east (Rust-D’Eye,1993). Smith and 1904, Bond by in the designed was extended and and on 1899 in housebuilt was It purifying St. Front large and Parliament of former corner the is structure extant only from period. this and on the north-east corner of Parliament and Front. Only four buildings remain 1993). (Rust-D’Eye,acres ten occupied now that site a over structures new of number a operations,building their ofexpansion major a companyon embarked the 1890, three-acre site on the east side of Parliament St. just north of a Mill on worksSt. new companybuilt Toronto the of 1855, Between City In 1883- (Rust-D’Eye, 1993). Gas, Light and Water Co., and assumed the task of supplying gas to the burgeoning CONSUMERS’ GAS CO./51 DIVISION HQ Figure 13. Consumers’ Gas Company Station ‘A’ in1950. ! W I n 1848, the Consumers’ Gas Co. was incorporated, purchased the Toronto ese ese buildings were located on the west side of Berkeley St. south of Front, ithin the boundaries established for the purposes of this study, the the study, this of purposes the for established boundaries the ithin ! e Parliament Street Plant and another building that now ! ! ey moved in to the renovatedmoved the to in ey space e successful re-use of this building Corktown Heritage Study # cant contamination concerns)contamination cant " er a period where period a er

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IV. Traditional Heritage ASHBY PLACE/PERCY STREET Street are some of most the signi an exemplar of Corktown’s residential history, the homes on Ashby Place and Percy as such they can provide a glimpse of Corktown’s origins to the visitors of today. As very nearly disappeared from the city (there are scattered examples elsewhere), and quaint backyards). form and small lots (although all feature at least a modicum of 12). outdoor(Denney,1996, activities industrial space in their as of yet). Toronto’son listeddesignated, not been (althoughhave Register all Heritage and provides. normally municipality the that services some and removal,sidewalks, snowresponsiblefor are residents Toronto’swhere of streets, oneprivate manyis Street Percy street. the of side) east the cases, both (in side one onproximity close in houses row 12 Corktown’sfromrowhouses century feature Both past.residential and industrial 1-15 Percy Street in1938. Figure 15. ! ! ese two small dead-end streets feature some of the last remaining 19th 19th remaining last the of some feature streets dead-end small two ese ! e townhouses on ese small rowsmall ese houses originally housed workers from the area’s many ! ! ey ey are important chie hue o tee tet wr bit ewe 1880-1890, between built were streets these on houses e # cant heritage structures neighbourhood. inthe ! " ey are characterized by their compact their by characterized are ey y because their buildinghas typology Corktown Heritage Study townhouses on Ashby Place. Figure 14. ! e existing

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IV. Traditional Heritage better suited circumstances to modern the of neighbourhood. the uses to adapted be can buildings industrial large how of example an providing ! From a uniquely ‘Corktown’ perspective, the area has a rich tradition of brewing. signi historically ofcontext the developmentwithin residential employmentqualityprovidedand and area, rejuvenated hasthe buildings these ! the northwest corner at the intersection of Queen Street East and Sumach Street. warehouse. prop CBC 33) 2010, (Wilson, a (formerly development condominium residential a Square. o of mix a adaptive re-use (performed by the Sorbara Group, between 1987-1990), it houses ! Street. Sumach of west just East, Street Queen on locatedToronto is Itbrewer. DOMINION BREWERY in 1945. Figure 17. e preservation of the Dominion Brewery provides a link to that past while while past that to link a provides Brewery Dominion the of preservation e e massive building was an active brewery until 1936. An example of successful is building is now home to the Dominion on Queen pub. ! ! ! e Dominion was built Brewery Davies, in1878by aprominent Robert " e Dominion Hotel e northern portion of the complex features the Brewery Lo Brewery the features complex the of portion northern e e n cmeca ue. uses. commercial and ce ! e former Dominion Hotel, also built by Davies, occupies Davies, by built Hotel,also Dominion former e ! s ope i nw ald Dominion called now is complex is Corktown Heritage Study Brewery in2013. Brewery Figure 16. ! ! e revitalization of $ e Dominion cant structures. cant

# s and s 17

IV. Traditional Heritage PALACE STREET SCHOOL development. area’s the contemporarywith harmoniously Corktown’s interacting of while past the for reminder providea could building context, the new construction this Incompleted. is Games once improve drastically hopefully will Games) Pan-Am 2015 the to related construction for cleared completely (essentially intersection character,past. the to link importantan residential is structure this and industrial thriving formerly neighbourhood’s the of neighbourhood prompted the proprietors to close it (Black, 2007). As a reminder the ofconditions changing the when 2007, until 1965 from addition hotel the in half. a and century last uses. these aid to building the building. A warehouse was Streetadded along onCherry the southern portion of the over tooktenants century,industrial 20th the of part early the in hotel the of the of use the Street Hotel.hotel. structurea as InCherry itthe 1893, became With aid demise the to constructed was building original the to addition An 47) use as a hotel (its in the area in the 1840s. of Education built this school to supplement the free school built by Enoch Turner Palace and StreetsCherry (Palace Street became ). in 1954. Figure 18.Palace Street School ! i s structure was built in 1859 as the Palace Street School, at the corner of " rst name as a hotel was the Irvine House). (Coopersmith, 1998, ! ! e Canary Restaurant occupied the ground-level space ground-level the occupied Restaurant Canary e e building was remodeled in 1890 by Irvine forRobert ! e building has seen a number of uses over the the over uses of number a seen has building e ! Corktown Heritage Study e current circumstances of this this of circumstancescurrent e School in2011. School Figure 19.Palace Street ! e Toronto Board

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V. Cultural Heritage Irish, chose to settle along the City’s the along proximitysettle to close Irish,chose in waterfront be orderto in 1910. to 1896 from immigrantsEuropean Minister of the Interior, Cli laws. immigration reformed shi demographic a experience to began neighbourhood Lands SECOND WAVE OF IMMIGRATION & DEINDUSTRIALIZATION employment. (Toronto, 1861) Some Canada. to come later workedensureemployerstosteady workers tothey allow wherelive toeven would families their to home money send to work would and Canada to newcomers were labourers Most men. single other with condition for the workers poor in Corktown, who in most o was Housing there. settled had who labourers the serving East, Street in the area. andServices stores began to appear along East and Queen (McGowan, 2007) 1847. Torontoin Famineto Irish came immigrants the Irishduring 38,000 over thatestimated It is (McGowan,2007) arrived.recently also had that friends and “Corktown”,nickname the o newcomers as ! of immigration came mostly from Ireland a experienced de FIRST WAVE IMMIGRATION and in the de area’spast, the most industrial of forms,importance built the comprises neighbourhood’s it forfeature the arguably is heritage cultural Corktown’s wavesthathavedistinct signi three history. (Stinson, 1990) As a result, Corktown was continuously transitioning, creating a diversitruly Corktown’sof manymove, le to residents them their with families ’smanyof providedout shipping Corktown 1990) (Stinson,waterfront. newcomers up until the mid-20th century. Toronto then experienced a fordecline in location attractive an remained Corktown(Toronto, 1861) factories. the to isgroup of immigrants populated Corktown, neighbourhood givingsmall the C I C ! rish immigrants settled into the neighbourhood and worked at industries oming to the end of the 19th century, Corktown and the nearby Don nearby the and Corktowncentury, 19th the of end the to oming has and Canadians, new to home being of history long a has orktown # e cultural heritage of the neighbourhood of Corktown can be de uence of Corktown’s diverse residents. " ned ned trends in immigration over the past 200 years. " rst home in Canada and when their income allowed income their when and Canada in home rst % ord Si ! rough the promise of free land and better life, better and land free of promise the rough $ " on, increasingly attracted Central and Eastern cantly shaped and built the neighbourhood. cantlybuilt the andshaped $ ! $ er the Irish Potato Famine (1845-52). en clustered together to join family join to togetherclustered en ese European immigrants, like the the like immigrants,European ese $ Corktown Heritage Study for a better standard of living. of standard better a for $ en lived in boarding houses $ s rsl of result a as ! e " rst wave "

ned ned in " ning " ed ed 19

V. Cultural Heritage which followingwhich athletic6,000residential the event be units. will the on the is throughout neighbourhood, including occurring the neighbourhood Athletes developmentVillage for with the 2015 Pan and explosionAmerican the Games population businesses a Presently, of type verge 2012) creative (Morrow, countless families. for home young the become recently has in2003. District as Distillery the was designated homes. distillery a National Historic Site in 1988, and was later family reopened single into modernized were Place houses on Trinity Street, Bright Street, Wilkens Avenue,row Ashby Victorian Place, and Gilead demolition. from building school old the saved that foundation commercial into a byrestored was Turner Schoolhouse Enoch Toronto the to 1972, turned In residents. or destroyed, also properties. were houses row of Hundreds numerous ramps and overpasses scarring what once was a connected community. StreetrampValleyDon the to Parkway, project thatthe would toeventually lead Richmond the for way make to order in demolished was Providence of House vanishing, seemingly Corktown to fellplanning destructive victim approaches. core In 1962, the industrial their bustling once beyond the progress to addition to In past. began industrialized Lawrence St. and Lands, Don Corktown, of neighbourhoods the industry, disappearing the of overseas result a outsourcedAs suburbanized. or was manufacturing for dissipate, to began shipping and RECENT CULTURE W ! t hay nutilzto i te egbuho’ ps, Corktown past, neighbourhood’s the in industrialization heavy ith e 1960’s marked a wave of change for Corktown. for change of wave a marked1960’s e ! Figure 20. e destruction of the heritage that was once so vast became a concern ! e Old City Jail, 1849-1860. Corktown Heritage Study ! Goehm Worts & Gooderham e ! e area’s industry e

20 i) OLD CITY JAIL

Formerly located at the southeast corner of Front and Berkeley Streets. !e earlier site of the second Parliament buildings later became the district jail in 1824 a"er a #re destroyed the Parliament buildings. Architect and engineer John Howard employed designs of “18th century British precedents,” allowing guards to monitor the cell wings from the centre of the building. !e home of the working class, in close proximity to the was unsanitary and was highly susceptible to disease; the site was at that time an unattractive location and thus became a #tting, new site of the district jail. (McGowan, 1998) !e placing of the jail within Corktown was an indicator of the poor conditions the neighbourhood and it’s residents su$ered during this time. !e old city jail only operated from 1849-1860, its brief presence signi#ed governmental organization and the workings of a structured society. (City of Toronto, Arts Heritage & Culture) By bringing structure and governmental intervention through the jail held cultural signi#cance, although this authoritative presence V. Cultural Heritage Cultural V. did little to improve the area’s conditions. (Dendy, 1978) !e jail was later replaced by the Don Jail in 1860, the building was used shortly to house prisoners taken during the Fenian Raid. (City of Toronto, Arts Heritage & Culture) !e site later took on new life and was acquired by the Consumers Gas Company.

ii) CONSUMERS’ GAS COMPANY

Established in Toronto in 1848 a"er buying out rival company Toronto Gas Light and Water Company (Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters), Consumers Gas took on ownership of a large portion of land stretching between Front Street and the railway tracks. !e Consumers Gas Company buildings are quite distinct for 19th century industrial buildings and were easily identi#able and thus associated to the company’s workings. !e Company was incorporated into a special act of the parliament of the Province of Canada, issuing a %ow of better quality gas. (Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters) Within 5 years of service, Consumers Gas was a great success for it improved energy e&ciency. (Enbridge Gas) !roughout Consumers Gas Company’s 147 years of service, they built an advanced market and were a consistent and stable industry within both Corktown and the rest of Toronto. A major plant for the Consumer’s Gas was on the site of the original Parliament buildings, the company also had a plant located a 51 Parliament Street which has since been renovated as Toronto Police Services, 51 Division station. !e Parliament Street Plant and another building that now house the Canadian Opera Company are both easily recognizable for the unique basilica-style architecture. (City of Toronto)

Corktown Heritage Study 21

V. Cultural Heritage transformed into Toronto the 51Division. Police Services Figure 21.Comsumers Gas Company at 51Parliament Street from 1998before it was Police Services locatedPolice at 51Parliament Services Street. Figure 22. Old Conumers’ Gas Company plant inpresent day. 51Division of Toronto the Corktown Heritage Study

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V. Cultural Heritage to Canada’s relatively short prohibition era. the prohibition in 1914, but production did eventually pick up six years later due 1871. in wide Distillery saw booming exports of millions of gallons of whiskey and spirits world a thriving and its facilities involved in the operations continued to expand. Despite was distillery the 1850s the By District. Distillery the as to referrednow is what in the early 1830s and expanded to eventually comprise of 47 buildings all within world. the time, someEmpire,for Britishand the in distillery largest the established and partnership up formed Gooderham Figure &Worts 24. Gooderham Limited.

" Figure &Worts 23.Gooderham Distillery. re in 1869 that caused a slight setback in production, Gooderham and Wortsand production,Gooderham in setback slight a causedthat 1869 in re I iii) GO mgaig rm nln, ae Wrs n bohri-a William brother-in-law and Worts James England, from mmigrating ! ODERHAM ANDWORTS DISTILLERY e distillery was nearly shut down with the comings of war and war of comings the with down shutnearly was distillery e ! the developmentthe of Corktown. production, signi extremely of an had Worts and Gooderham years 159 ! Heritage)(Distillery culture,art, and entertainment. pedestrian-only site dedicated to a into transformed was and Inc. purchased by Cityscape Holdings o Corktown Heritage Study # eir Torontoeir open was distillery ogot h distillery’s the roughout ily lsd u was but closed cially C ome 1990, the distillery " cant impact on impact cant

23

V. Cultural Heritage Parkway. (Dendy, 1993) on-o the for demolished was it1960’s when the until community the Corktown, oforphanageandin functions especially andschools (Dendy,1993) House. Providence with associated was which Church, Catholic Paul’sRoman help. their of regardless those helped religion and took in: the Providencepoor, sick, destitute, and newcomers of to Toronto House needing the backing, this Despite religious 1993) (Dendy, Paul. de Vincent St. of Novitiate the of Sisters the by administered be would thatProvidence of House the hospital, general new a ! 1993) (Dendy, Catholic. mainly were Europe and Ireland from immigrants of Catholic Church was initially best equipped to respond to this plight, as the horriblein created city dense malnutrition.(Dendy,sanitationand 1993) the poor conditions through health in conditions poor the as help of need in also (Dendy,1993) immigrants. Irish in the with dealing experience no had 1850s the Torontoin of charities e architect William Hay was commissioned by the Catholic Diocese to design design toarchitect Williame Diocese HayCatholic commissioned the bywas ! ! i v) HOUSE OF PROVIDENCE e House of Providence was located on Power Street, just south of St. of south just Street, Power on located was Providence of House e e House of Providence was created in a time where the hospitals and hospitals the where time a in created was Providence of House e Figure 25. House of Providence ! e House of Providence was an important social aid in Torontoin aid social importantan Providencewas ofHouse e ! e working classes working in factories were factories in working classes working e Corktown Heritage Study # ramps to the Don ValleyDon the to ramps

" ux of ux " ! 24 ux e

V. Cultural Heritage Protestant residents of Corktown to day. this (Arthur, 1986) Irish immigrants, and is today the oldest church structure in Toronto, serving the Trinity Little Anglican the Church Alternately,was founded in 1844 on 1986) King Street (Arthur, East to serve the Protestant 1855-1858. from Providence of Paul’sSt. Board) School District Houseresponsiblewas the foropening Basilica (Toronto1853. Catholic Paul’sin St/ School the opened and area, surrounding Torontocongregantsfrom the 3.500 and served serving and community Corktown the in vital Paul’s was St. Michael’sCathedral, St. of creation the Despite 1848. in Michael’s Cathedral St. of erection the until Ireland from immigrants new TownandChurch the York, the ofin ofprominent peoplesmembers both which was at the time the town of York. St. Paul’s the served majority of Catholic PowerStreet. (Arthur, It1986) wasthe S v) S t. Paul’s Basilica was founded in 1822 located at Queen Street East and East Street Queen at located 1822 Paul’sin foundedt. was Basilica T. PAUL’S BASILICA Figure 26. St. Paul’s Basilica ! rstCatholic Church Toronto,erectedin Corktown Heritage Study

25

V. Cultural Heritage

to the 1960s the Schoolhouse served as a parish hall and Sunday school for the the forchurch. (Ontario Heritageschool Trust,Sunday 2013) and hall parish a as served Schoolhouse the 1960s the to the school and property were returned to Little Trinity parish, and from the 1860s in 1851, transferring the school to the City. (Ontario Heritage Trust, 2013) In 1859, o educationpublic Free system. school free supportedprovincially development the catalystin a of critical a as was which Schoolhouse, establish the year.a for closed were support public of kind anyfrom bene that schools all result, a as and taxes, such introduce to unwilling were power to raise funds for public education through taxation. However, city o a founded Trust,2013) Heritage (Ontario years. three for operation its 2013) Trust, Heritage (Ontario schoolhouse. the construct to funds the supplied who lands for the schoolhouse, and Enoch Turner, the donated who a wealthyChurch,Trinity brewer Little and philanthropist, the by creation joint a was Schoolhouse Corktown.of neighbourhood poor the in childreneducate the established in 1848 by Enoch Turner (1792-1866), a wealthy brewer in the area, to for Corktown’s children. and individuals aiding the community in providing andsocial educational services charitableorganizationsof neighbourhood the within legacy a holds Schoolhouse to support the programming and operation of the Schoolhouse. Schoolhouse Schoolhouse Figure 27. ! v ! i) ENOCH TURNERSCHOOLHOUSEi) ENOCH e school opened in 1849 with space for 240 pupils and Turner paid for Turnerpaid and pupils 240 for space with 1849 in opened school e ! e Enoch Turner Schoolhouse was the the was Schoolhouse Turner Enoch e # e entrance of Enoch Turner the er the Common Schools Act of 1847, which gave municipalities the the municipalities gave which 1847, of Act Schools Common the er s n needn charitable independent organization, working with an the Trust as continues Foundation Schoolhouse from Foundation. the Trust Heritage Ontario to the transferred the were of Schoolhouse operation and the Heritage 2008, ownership March In 2013) and (Ontario Trust, conferences hold receptions. to site Schoolhouse a and site history living a as the opened renovations, A Foundation was established in 1971. ! and was threatened with demolition. Schoolhouse had fallen into disrepair # e Enoch Turner Schoolhouse Schoolhouse Turner Enoch e Corktown Heritage Study er extensiveexteriorinteriorand er " s fe sho i Toronto, in school free rst B y the late 1960s, the the 1960s, late the y ! is promptedTurneris to ! ! ! ! e free school was school free e e Enoch Turner Enoch e e Enoch TurnerEnoch e e Enoch Turner $ cially began cially

$ " cials cials ted 26

VI. Lost Streets Queen St.Queen Eand within West the Don Lands respectively. Figure 28,29and 30summarizes evolutions those northof St. Queen E,south of illustrated evolution the on 1924street the network towards current the layout. street network towards 1924 the Bofopen Schedule data report this portal. illustrates evolution the of 1884 the and 1924.Current street information was gathered from City the of Toronto value. determine streets which may warrant additional investigation as having heritage noted section. inthis characteristic or simply aname change, its importance to is neighbourhood the disappeared altered, or been roadway the whether use, adistinct had acertain ! is section investigatesis section historic the or unusual rights-of-way that have Figure 28. ! A T oronto’s constantly has street been grid evolving since its inception. n analysis of street the network within study the area to was undertaken is analysis was completed using Goad’s Fire Insurance Plan’s from 1884 ! e evolutions northof Street Queen East. " re insurance plan. Cof Schedule report this Corktown Heritage Study

27

VI. Lost Streets Figure 29. Figure 30. ! ! e evolutions south of Street Queen East. e evolutions West the wihin Don Lands. Corktown Heritage Study

28

VI. Lost Streets Following this analysis, several streets stand out as warranting further research further warranting as out stand streets several analysis, this Following and Mail, 1964). Torontodowntown (Globe to ValleyParkway Don the from connection direct Metroneighbourhood, ofthe Toronto boundary andeasternsouthern wanted a Expressway and the Don Valley Parkway taking place in the 1950s and Gardiner60s, the on of construction the With the pattern. grid street its andCorktown to broughtsigni century mid-20th the during dependency and usage Street. River and Street Bright Street, Sackville were angle. ninety-degree a at Queen and King with intersect would bend. slight a had that between in streetsmany were there Street, Berkeley at starting EAST THE BENT STREETS BETWEEN KING STREET EAST AND QUEEN STREET regarding development their and disappearance is uncovered. identi these of ! ofbeyond scope the interim this report. past of street grid Corktown. the to tribute a be can Street Bright bend, signature the with one only the and una streets few the of one Being Nowwere severed. remainsonlystreetoneangled Corktown in BrightStreet. – area this in streets itself.” Several by “a(Torontoclass Star,as 1963) areaDaily identi areas blight 12 of worst the far by as listed was ! with Richmond and Adelaide Streets, leaving a path of demolition in their wake. InterchangeValleyDuke-DuchesssouthboundDon the the Parkwayconnected time, the at Street Duchess and Duke named Takingwas what Corktown.over Figure 31.Interim Focus Streets. is was viewed as a way of urban renewal by Metro,byareaDuke-Duchessrenewal urban way ofthe asa as viewed was is not is list is ! D ue to the diagonal jog of King Street East up to Queen Street East East Street Queen to up East Street King of jog diagonal the to ue is unusual characteristic was created so that each street in this area this in street each that so created was characteristic unusual is " " ed streets will continue to be evaluated as further information further as evaluated be to continue will streets ed nal, nor exhaustive. As research progresses, the heritage value heritage the progresses, research As exhaustive.nor nal, ! e location for this access point was right through the heart of # ected by the construction of the interchange, the of construction the by ected ! ose streetsose are as follows: Corktown Heritage Study " ed by the city, listing the the city,listing the by ed ! rs o automobile of rise e " ! cant changecant ese streets ese

29

VI. Lost Streets Figure 32.Richmond and Adelaide Ramp in1963 (1). Construction Figure 33.Richmond and Adelaide Ramp in1964(2). Construction Corktown Heritage Study

30

VII. Hidden Heritage Corktown’s identity in the history since the property stayed there for a local local a for furniture business for almost over 100years. there stayed property Marty the since to history the prior in Corktown’s identity Limited Company Furniture Home Millionaire Limited for nearly 70 the years. called was which Limited since 1968. From 1908 to 1967, there was an another furniture business MartyMillionaire called furnitureis businessa which as used currently being is Torontoof Archives’database. City the in photographs aerial the heritage. hidden BACKGROUNDS INVENTORY OF POTENTIAL HIDDEN HERITAGE SITES & area. recognition of these properties covers up present.a vibrant longer history that once no existed in an is history its that dramatically so signi held once a that site a can as summarized be can heritage which Hidden area. an of changes,identity historical building these through forgotten or lost been unrecognisable. as characteristics form built original the rendering state original its beyond refurbished been has that value heritage heritage look. hidden more building the gives this and present in blue aqua in painted been intorest ofthe neighbourhood’s characteristic.However, entire the building has an old Victorian architectural style still remains which makes the building blend structure of the building has not changed been and the heritage characteristic of 35 shows the building’s exterior in the present. proposed From 1959 the to present, picture, the physical this heritagehidden Inbuilding le is the in South. Street Queen and Parliament of corner Parliament and Queent Street Ein1959. Figure 34. ! i) MAR H ! ! idden heritage can be summarized as being a property or area having area or property a being as summarized be can heritage idden e building located on 345 Queen Street East has identi e e Northwest corner of # gure 34 on the le the on 34 gure TY MILLIONAIRETY LTD. # at itrcl otx ta hs en eoihd r changed or demolished been has that context historical cant ! e building was build in between 1903 to 1913 according to according 1913 to 1903 between in build was building e $ was taken in 1959 which shows the northwest the shows which 1959 in taken was $ side ofside picture. the right, the On the 2013. Figure 35.Marty Millionaire Limited Building in ! is property has been a part of building Corktown Heritage Study ! ! e history of the site has site the of history e e removal and lack of lack and removal e # ed ed as a potential ! e building e " ect the the ect

# gure 31

VII. Hidden Heritage transformation that happenedindustrial inCorktown. the of part a was it because community the in characteristic the heritage in mechanics and dealerships car community. of many neighbourhood attracted the neighbourhood of the part southern Expressway. the GardinerA the of construction at the of because transformation big a was 1950s, there Innow. until shop machine auto an as since used been Ever has building 1950s. the then, in built approximately was building the database, Archives’ Engine Rebuilders, Limited. Dynamic called business repair auto another was there business, his up opened shop for over 25 years in the neighbourhood. In the previous year before Cameron Cameron Young. Cam’s- Auto Service Avenue. Sackville and East Street King of intersection the at of building the exhibits still some historical value. design of bottom part of the building are covered up with plaster and stucco. building2013. has changed over in time as well as the andexterior of the building. 1919 in Centre Shepherd Good the shows (Right) $ provides the necessities as well as the to services help people overcome addictions, who are experiencing homelessness (Good Shepherd Refuge, 2013). to provide the basic necessities of life such as food, shelter and clothing for people identi nd health care and care health nd $ ed as a hidden heritage site in the community. the in site heritage hidden a as ed iii) GO A ! ii) CAM ! ccording to the series of aerial photograph maps in the City of Torontoof City the in mapsphotograph aerial of series the to ccording e second potential hidden heritage site is located on 475 King Street East e Good Shepherd Centre located on 412 Queen Street East, can be be can East, Street Queen 412 on located Centre Shepherd Good e Figure 36.Cam’s Auto building on 475King Street Service in2013. East ! OD SHEPHERD CENTRE erefore, the use of the place shows a contextual value of the hidden ’S AUTO SERVICE -THRUWAY MUFFLER ! is business opened in 1987 and has operated as an auto repair $ ! nd housing for free of charge. of free for housing nd ruway Muruway " er which is owned by a local businessowner, local a byowned is which er Corktown Heritage Study ! ! e $ e place opened in 1963 in opened place e gures 37 (Le 37 gures # er the construction, the er ! e place is called called is place e ! ! ! e use of the the of use e ! e place still # e top part e exterior ) and 38 and )

32

VII. Hidden Heritage with plaster and stucco and the top part of the building has been completely been removed.has building the of part top the and stucco and plaster with upcover now is building the frontof the 42), & 41 (Figure building the of look current the to comparison In 1945. in hotel Dominion the illustrate 40 and 39 FiguresCorktown. in landmark a became and Davies Robert by founded 1889, since DominionBrewery of part DominionHoteloperatedasa wasbuilding as Square.Dominion the to next is which East Street Queen 500 on located is Figure Street 37.412Queen in1919. East Figure 39(Le D i v. DOMINION ON QUEEN -500QUEEN STREET EAST ominion on Queen is also a potential hidden heritage site. heritage hidden potential a also is Queen on ominion " ) &40(Right). Dominion on in1945. Queen Figure 38. Good ShepherdFigure 38.Good in2013. Refuge Corktown Heritage Study ! e place e

! 33 e

VII. Hidden Heritage transformation of community’s the character.continuing the represents and neighbourhood of outside as the from well people as the residents local many attracts place the Now, friendly. and inviting alteration. a atmospherewelcoming and warm with pub neighbourhood’sa to changed been has building However, the isolated. more neighbourhood the made infrastructure and conditions living area’s poor the at the bar in the hotel and created an unwelcome atmosphere (Yelaja, 2005). Also, many of the factory workers, brawls, bikers and prostitutes were regular drinkers Figure 41.Dominion on in2013. Queen I n the past, the pub used to be called as “the bucket of blood” because because blood” of bucket “the as called be to used pub the past, the n " e owner of the pub modi pub the of owner e # ed the building to make the place moreplace the make to building the ed ! er the building underwent a big a underwent building the er Corktown Heritage Study

34

VIII. Lost Heritage Avenues, known today was Providence Healthcare. (Brown 2008) moved with the Sisters of St Joseph to a new facility located at St Clair and Warden all residents elderlywho for facility a Housewas the time, this established.By be removed in 1962 so the Richmond Street Exit from the Don Valley Parkway could INVESTIGATE LOST HERITAGE By comprised foundry 1871,the of entire the block of land. passenger and freight cars, and the following year 100 cars were to be constructed. Hamilton and Son. In 1870 the business was booming with orders to construct 88 East. In 1856 he was joined by Streethis Frontson, on William Foundry M., Lawrencein a St partnership the called developingWilliam begin to 1851 in property and construction the industry. services municipal for pipes sewer and castings and systems railway pioneer for ! ii) S ! i) H W Figure 42.House of Providence illiam J. Hamilton worked for a stove-top company before leasing his leasing before companystove-top a for worked HamiltonJ. illiam e House of Providence, an integral hospital and social care centre,was care social andhospital integralProvidence, Houseanof e i s foundry was important for its role in the manufacture of rolling stock T. LAWRENCE FOUNDRY OUSE OF PROVIDENCE Corktown Heritage Study

35

VIII. Lost Heritage demolished entirely Rivers, (Lost 2002). pipes. iron cast manufacture then would who General Electric Canadian the of arm an become to 1900 in sold the on concentrated and Limited manufacturing of castings, Torontopipes sewer and other such products. of Company Foundry Lawrence St the reorganized who son the to over turned was company the 1878, A sold. was division wheel car the Figure 43. St. Lawrence Foundry Advertisement. B y 1873, an economic reassessment forced the stop of car production and production car of stop the forcedreassessment economic an 1873, y " e plant was closed and vacated by 1917 and then then and 1917 by vacated and closed was plant e ! re in 1876 destroyed most of the foundry. Infoundry. the of most destroyed 1876 in re Corktown Heritage Study " e company was ! rm as the the as rm

36

VIII. Lost Heritage the the foundry’s operations were shi become ‘metalsmithing’, which led toto the reduction in the need for coppersmithing copper. In caused 1965, advancements technological time, company. In the in a toLtd, Company Brass changedand Copper Coulter was company’s name the 1928, In Ltd. Company Brass and Copper Coulter Booth formCompany toLtd Copper Booth with joined Sons and Coulter William 1909, In Sons. and CoulterWilliam name the under operatednow which companyshare the in andbrothereldest soneldest thathis the yeartojoined of company to Coulterand Campbellcontinued which operationin Campbellhisuntil 1906. sold founded Campbell, Septimus coppersmith, another with joined Sons, & Booth forworked who CoulterWilliam coppersmith master 1886, in was the 1860, In ! iii) C Figure 44.Coulter &Brass Copper Company i s company began in 1853 as Booth & Sons as a Coppersmith Company.Coppersmith a as Sons & Booth as company1853 s in began OULTER COPPER &BRASS COMPANY " rm moved to Yonge and Richmond and operated as Booth & Son. It Son. Yonge& tomoved Booth rm as operatedandRichmond and # ed ed to Shorncli # er the sale of Booth’sof family’s sale interest the er $ Corktown Heritage Study e Street (Western Libraries, 2013).

" 37 rm, rm,

VIII. Lost Heritage oot wt te ikae Hgon. ais lo nrdcd h cnet of concept the item bacon, afood peameal that introduced continues popular to be across Canada. also ‘Hogtown’. Davies nickname the with Toronto before eventually o sold being CompanyDavieswereRiver Donconverted storageonthe coldto works andsoap relocated to Toronto’s union stockyards. eventually the Canada Packers operations were consolidated and the abattoirs were chain and operated 84retail outlets across Ontario by 1880s. the the Davies’ Industry. Pork Canadian company modern led to the establishment of the Canadian Board of Agriculture. Becoming the establishing for responsible was Daviesthat Itbelieved . is in processing largestporkfacility second the become soon would River, which Don the at FrontStreet of side south the on facility new a constructed Davies 1879, In 1875. in Streets Frederick Frontand of " rst Canadian food producing facility to establish its own retail and grocery grocery and retail own its establish to facility producing food Canadian rst Figure 45.William Davies Company. W ! ! (T i v) WILLIAM DAVIES COMPANY illiam Davies passed in 1921 and is thought to be responsible thoughtbe andistofor gracing1921 in passed Davies illiam ORONTO PORK PACKING HOUSE) e company merged with Gunns Ltd and Harris Abattoir Co. in 1927, and i s company began when William Davies rented a building on the corner the onbuildingWilliam rentedcompany Daviesa when s began # . ! e original buildings housing the William Corktown Heritage Study

38

VIII. Lost Heritage Healthcare (Brown 2008). new facility located at St Clair and Warden Avenues,a known today wasto Providence Joseph St of Sisters the with moved all who residents elderly for place a was House the time, this By established. be could ValleyParkway Don the from Exit WHAT HAS REPLACED LOST HERITAGE ANDWHY Figure 46.Previous location of House of Providence past. inthe ! i) H e House of Providence was removed in 1962 so the Richmond Street Richmond the so 1962 in removed was Providence of House e OUSE OF PROVIDENCE Corktown Heritage Study

39

VIII. Lost Heritage Figure 47.Previous location of Consumers’ Gas Company past. inthe at Parliament Street, sides. both C ii) C onsumers’ Gas Company took up a majority of land south of Front Street ONSUMERS’ GAS COMPANY Corktown Heritage Study

40

VIII. Lost Heritage

Figure 49(Le ! iii) S Figure 48.Previous location of St. Lawrence Foundry. e site is now occupied by aPorsche Showroom and aStaples Store. " T. LAWRENCE FOUNDRY ) &50(Right). ! e current of uses St. the Lawrence Foundry site in2013. Corktown Heritage Study

41

VIII. Lost Heritage Figure 51.Previous location of Coulter and Copper Brass Company. stand. Figure 52. Existing Park on previous the location of Coulter and Copper Brass Company. T i v) COULTER COPPER ANDBRASS COMPANY oday, a park is where the Coulter Compan’sto Coulter used the buildings operationswhere is park oday,a Corktown Heritage Study

42

VIII. Lost Heritage Figure 53.Previous location of William Davies Dompany. () site is not permitted to public. the the to Accessdevelopment.undergoing currently is and demolished been has site ! v) WILLI e William Davies Company was previously in West Don Lands. AM DAVIES COMPANY (WEST LANDS) DON Corktown Heritage Study !

e entire 43

VIII. Lost Heritage how it has had a dramatic e what was once the heart of Corktown and what contributed to the areas growth and tourist top a become attraction for fast the downtown hasarea of ItToronto. alive. Corktown of history rich the keep to how landscape features present to celebrate what was once there. its achievements. Particular ofparts the area’s go history will untold,ahead with nofor area this recognizes that identity its of part a loses Corktown buildings, these of removal the With recognition. beyond refurbished completely that or demolished buildings other however, preservation; buildings’ either streetscape, Corktown’s the into the awayhoused faded have industries historic by alive kept be to Toronto and nation the of Canada. occur. to Corktown’s development economiccontributedindustrial activity overall ofcityof the future wealth to for allowed and employment with population the Toronto.Corktownandof growth economic the importantin roles in North America. the of largest and one oneof the best preserved collection of arguably Victorian represents Industrial Architecture district the day, Toronto. this To of City the and District siteDistillery is rich in history and is of historical signi today.known well is and exists still that district a area, the populationin class making conditions quite uncomfortable. than strict building regulations allowed houses to be built close very to one another less and regulations planning Noquality. poor of houses row Victorian cramped IMPACT OF LOST HERITAGE ON CORKTOWN IDENTITY 2013). history that took place on that parcelparticular of Website,District land (Distillery the to recognisation no give that buildings commercial new by masked been has city. the Corktown’sof part historic this in occurred thatidentity history the hides ! ! ! ! H ! istorically, Corktown was a mostly working class suburb, characterized by e ’s tourist area along Mill Street is a good example of example good a is Street Mill along District’sarea tourist Distillery e e Distillery District has been preserved and its history has been attempted playedabove, notedcompanies other the as well as District, Distillery e working the of majority a employed Corktown in District Distillery e rmvl f hs ohr lcs f eiae ht ae en mentioned been have that heritage of places other these of removal e # ect onect Toronto’s development. ! ose ose who visit gain knowledge about Corktown Heritage Study " cance to Corktown ! ey provided ey

! 44 e

IX. Recent Heritage o hs otie f h ae, n fw epe elz ta te ae culy an Je and actually Kutner Ben architects Ottawa-based areby 1996 in constructed were they that realize people few and occupied residence. Partially area, hidden under the Adelaide Street overpass, the of outside those to relativelyunknown remain structures these neighbourhood, the within structures THE CORKTOWN CUBES of noteworthy the structures and projects. projects have come to dominate the area. large-scale of greatdeal a years, few last the onward,within 1970s particularly and sites, the From neighbourhood. down-and-out once the to industrial back livability and vibrancy Former bring period. to repurposed negative been have infrastructure highway otherwise and houses, deteriorating this of uses creative very neighbourhood. the of fabric the damaging of accused been have and residents,many by intrusive and unattractive considered been largely have they however area, the of symbols become have Avenue Overpass Eastern the as projects Such Era. Victorian the to visual fabric of the modern day Corktown owes as much to the postwar era as it does signi as almost positive and unique change. reshapingof renewal,the broughthas period neighbourhood of the immense both While some lament the loss of traditionally historic Victorianfurther. structures duringeven this neighbourhood the reshaped century 20th mid the Torontoduring streets. and buildings of number a removed Eastern Avenue overpass ramps destroyed a large section of the neighbourhood and the 1960s, early the ValleyParkwayDonin the of construction the Withheritage. Corktown is o a t b dsate ad oe i odr o e noprtd no h larger the into incorporated be to order in community (Trainor, moved 2011). and dismantled be to was complex the redeveloped, werePortlands the Once built. ever were three the only however cubes, seven of composed model a be to intended was structure existing Toronto.housingestablishin communitya toplusstructures cubic was 100 of housing could be constructed on derelict lands. Kutner and Brown’s original concept Rotterdam (Trainor, 2011). # ey ey drew their inspiration from Piet Blom’s 1984 Kubuswoningen development in # n A # W # ith its abundance of Victorian-era architecture and post war in war post and architectureVictorian-era of abundance its ith Crtw Cbs ae en emd n o te oe mysterious more the of one deemed been have Cubes Corktown e e original concept behind the cubes was to demonstrate that a that demonstrate to was cubes the behind concept original e i pro cnttts h rcn hrtg o te egbuho ad is and neighbourhood the of heritage recent the constitutes period s umber of buildings and other large-scale projects have recently made recently have projects large-scale other and buildings of umber " $ en thought of as an historic neighbourhood in terms of its traditional cant to Corktown as the 19th and early 20th centuries were. centuries 20th early and 19th the as Corktown to cant

# ose ose listed below are a selection of some # e decline of industry in downtown in industry of decline e Corktown Heritage Study # % % ! Brown. e Cubes

ordable uences, # # 45 e e

IX. Recent Heritage eoain i hs en ugse ta a iia stain ol b dvlpd in developed Toronto be some could (Leblanc, 2011). situation With similar annually. a them that suggested of been 35,000 has it renovation, attracts and visitors to open is structure Rotterdam the in cubes the of community.One the in landmark a as repurposed be could cubes renovation, the Withsomeabandoned. iscomplex the that believe to many leading plywood, with up boarded been have windows the of some and ! units, third the remains vacant (Trainor, 2011). among the three of them. At the present time, a single occupantbalcony sharedresides a in two is of there the and bathrooms two bedrooms, two room, dining room, living kitchen, a has cube storey.Each third small a has complex the of frontage Two of the cubes are two level structures, while the other cube on the Sumach Street each. feet square 1500 to providingup unit, residential a is cube Each cube. the of prefabricated cubes, and supported by a world.single steel pole the running through the in centre examples few the of e structures are clad in mismatched aluminum siding, faded advertisements, faded siding, aluminum mismatched in clad are structures e ! ! e structure is completely unique within the City of Toronto, and is one Toronto,is of and City the within unique completely is structure e e biggest issue with the cubes today is the apparent maintenance.the ofis lacktoday cubes the with issuebiggest e Figure 54. ! e Corktown Cubes on 1Sumach Street. ! srcue s opsd f he modular, three of composed is structure e Corktown Heritage Study

46

IX. Recent Heritage hleig h mjrt o te ie te ak a sil e sd vn n eid of periods in even used be inclement weather 2012). (Alcoba, still by can parks; park the open site, the traditional of majority with the problemsheltering a to solution interesting an provides park. the of aspect attractive least the be to considered be might what obscuring also but area, the to interest visual adding only not bridge, Ra Paul andplayground.courts, a park,basketball Mirage, publica installation art by artist the and o was 2011, park of fall the in broken was Ground overpass. the of section Avenue unattractive and uninviting environment. space the vacantjustproperty,orlots, parking by occupied rampswas the creating anunder existence, their of most For community. Corktown the to destructive the Richmond and Adelaide Street ramps to the Don Valley Parkway proved highly UNDERPASS PARK ! D $ consists of 57 octagonal shaped mirrors covering the underside of the the of underside the covering mirrors shaped octagonal 57 of consists uring the early 1960s, construction of the Eastern Avenue overpass and Avenueoverpass Eastern the of construction 1960s, early the uring e # " cially dedicated in August of 2012. ofAugust in dedicated cially rst phase of Underpass Park was constructed under the Eastern Eastern the under constructed was Park Underpass of phase rst Park community. in the Figure 55(Le % ), 56(Top) &57(Bottom). Underpass ! Corktown Heritage Study e project includes a skateboard a includes project e ! e overpass location overpass e

47

IX. Recent Heritage complement eachother. and era same the from aredevelopments both because completenessarchitectural in seen as area the in stock the Community of Corktown. of developers in the same time period this area has a distinctive architectural style in Street (Right side of Sydenham of side North the along townhouses 1980s the of separately developed built 1973 between and 1975 (City of Toronto Aerial Maps, 1973 & 1975), and were ! built form along Sydenham and Trefann Street. of architecture in this community and would especially disrupt the continuity of the style. Any demolitions or redevelopment would signi Figure 58.Traditional Housing Style past. inthe SYDENHAM ANDTREFANN STREET TOWNHOUSES Park makes creative of use what little spaceis available. downtownToronto,in rare increasingly becoming Underpassa space With success. been generally has project the that show park the using people of volumes project, the the of funding government's federal the on focusing mostly project, the of criticisms some been have there While park. the of use make undoubtedly will Street River on construction under TorontocomplexHousing the Community of Residents 2012). (Agrell,community the of points focal major the of one become and Canary District projects over the next few years, it is expected that the park will to be Figure 59. e townhouses along the west side of Trefann(Le ofStreet side west the along townhouses e " nished by the spring of this year. With the completion of the West Don Lands ! ! e second phase of the park is currently under construction and is expected e townhouses on Trefann Street. " gure 59). Since the townhouses were built by a limited number " gure 58, but have successfully maintained a sense of sense a maintained successfully have but 58, gure ! ese ese developments replaced the traditional housing properties are one of the few examples few the of one are properties their recent heritage value because these Sydenham Street have been identi Creemore/ PatersonAvenue Tracy Trefann,alongand Street of intersections ln Sdna Sre bcue f a streetscape of and architectural consistent because Street Sydenham along community. townhouses invoke a ofsense continuity Corktown the in architecture1980s to 1970s complete of Corktown Heritage Study ! e townhouses at the the at townhouses e " cantly disrupt the continuity # side of side " gure 59) were 59) gure

" ! ed ed for 48 ese ese

IX. Recent Heritage h cmuiy Frhroe te hv mitie uiu ad consistent manager and property sole a unique since features streetscape and maintained landscape architectural, have they Furthermore, community. of character the the maintaining while houses repairing or redeveloping through shi paradigm planning Torontoof(City 1985). & Maps,Aerial1977 Torontoby managed currentlyHousingCorporation are Community and 1985, Street. Shuter Queen and between TREFANN COURT ANDSACKVILLE STREET boundaries. Corktown’swithin 1950s the of era architectural modernist the of examples few e landmarkand local a as acts massivebuilding this ! 90 SUMACH STREET continue to and degrade disappear. a Corktown’s then future the into preserved not are townhouses these If 2013). Connections,(Housing thousands a families housing of capability the have accommodategrowinghouseholds.toCurrently, sizes various townhouses these these like townhousesof because an increasing critical is demand for a projects similar when 1960s early the townhouses began to revive the community. to Furthermore, the 1910s protection of these the in industry of ( housescondemned deterioratingand replaced othertownhouses area; the in it isimportant to note thathouses eventually these as unique as be not may properties these While properties. these managed has st o 9 Smc hs dsicie lc i te okon omnt as community Corktown the in place distinctive a has Sumach 90 of site e ! s twhue cn e on aog h Es sd o Scvle Street Sackville of side East the along found be can townhouses ese " away from urban renewal to community revitalization community to renewal urban from away ! # e townhouses were built between 1977 and 1977 between townhousesbuiltwere e ordability and 20th century history will will history century 20th and ordability Figure 60.90Sumach Street. the of use the property Lo (Brewery be to continues which lo intoconverted was Street Sumach 90 1998, In 1957). & 1956- 1956 Maps,Toronto Aerial of (City between 1957 60) (Figure prop warehouse CBC the into developed later was setback from Sumach Street. large a has property the courtyard; the of centre products. the in built was property Dominion’s the Since the and shipping of the receiving for used was Street, Sumach 90 at located Brewery Dominion # ordably, but have a waiting list in the the in list waiting a have ordably,but ! ! e Sackville townhousespresenta Sackville e $ e original courtyard of the the of courtyard original e Corktown Heritage Study gure 61 & 62) since the decline the since 62) & 61 gure # ectively portrays one of the the ofone portrays ectively " s by the Sobara Group, Sobara the by s " # ordablehousing in s, 2013). ! e property

49

IX. Recent Heritage Figure 63. Toronto Public and Library Administration Building on Front and Parliament Street. along 51st sidethe Police Division on North the sideof Frontlandmark Street. distinctive a become has which Building, Administration and Library Torontocurrent Public the into developed been has site the on parking the then, Since decades. several forparking with replacedand demolished was site the until century 20th mid the to onwards and century 19th the fromCorktown’s history 1960). Directory, the Consumers Gas Company Ltd processing and distributing site (City of Toronto of site original the on rests administration library the that fact the is property the signi has site Aerial Maps, 1985 & 1987). Even though the building was recently constructed; the library the area, administration building the was actually built between 1985 and 1987 (City of in Toronto buildings historical many resembles building the feel. While historical coherent visually and features architectural century 20th of twist distinctive buildings the of because value heritage recent for considered being of TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARY ANDADMINISTRATION BUILDING Figure 61(Le Figure 62(Right). Townhouses Sackville in1936. " Trno ulc irr ad diitain ulig a potential has Building Administration and Library Public Toronto e ! ). Sackville Townhouses). Sackville in1917. # cant historical signi historical cant " e Consumers Gas Company Ltd played an important role in role important an played Ltd Company Gas Consumers e # cance. " e most signi most e Corktown Heritage Study # cant historical piece of piece historical cant

50

X. Looking Forward Figure 64.Timeline Map story ofstory area. the unique the expresses succinctly that framework a into them incorporating about communicatingCorktown’sto gocentral areto identity, best andhow and history completed,able provideourtogroup be will recommendations elementson which signi for evaluated be elements heritage remaining and the that time paramount of is march it general Toronto’s core), the in urban ‘progress’ to and Lands, Don West the to Parkway, in Valley redevelopment Don the to on-ramps St. Richmond and St. Adelaide the (to ! towardsour work we as upon draw informationto of wealth a have we and explored, thoroughly been all have heritage) recent and heritage, hidden groupings. now transition will more synthesizingtoinformationfocus this fully into thematic ideas stemming from this interim report and the interim presentation), our group’s e major questions that inform will remainder the of project this are as follows: locations? G t H f 3. D r C 2. W p 1. A W or aHeritage as by determined District, Conservation City of Toronto o the areao the and its residents? esidents alike? reservation and identi orktown, and how communicated be can story this to visitors and iven the amount of Corktown’s built heritage that has already been lost been already has that Corktown’sheritage of built amount the iven eritage standards? Would such abene adistinction be ith primary research largely completed (pending recommendations andrecommendations (pending completedlargely research primary ith ! re there ‘nodes’ of heritage inCorktown? of focus Canthe heritage o any of speci the hat is the e " ve areas of focus (traditional heritage, cultural heritage, lost streets, " nal story told story nal by existing the heritage elements in " c heritage locations/areas warrant anomination " cation e " ac ad rsraiiy Wt ti analysis this With preservability. and cance # orts be directed speci toorts certain be Corktown Heritage Study " t or ahindrance " nal product. nal "

c areas/

51

XI. Appendix - Schedule D.- Schedule Properties with Heritage Status inCorktown C.Corktown- Schedule Network, Road 1924vs.Current B.- Schedule Corktown Network, Road 1884vs.1924 A.Corktown- Schedule Heritage Study Map Boundary Corktown Heritage Study

52

XI. Appendix Figure 43 Figure 42 Figure 41 Figure 39-40 Figure 38 Figure 37 Figure 35-36 Figure 34 Figure 33 Figure 32 Figure 28-31 Figure 27 Figure 26 Figure 25 Figure 24 Figure 23 Figure 22 Figure 21 Figure 20 Figure 18-19 Figure 17 Figure 16 Figure 15 Figure 14 Figure 13 Figure 12 Figure 11 Figure 10 Figure 8-9 Figure 6-7 Figure 5 Figures 2-4 Figure 1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 64 Figure 63 Figure 61-62 Figure 59 Figure 58 Figure 55-57 Figure 54 Figure 50-53 Figure 49 Figure 46-48 Figure 45 Figure 44

C A R Ci R Ci R Ci G G J En T Ci w L w w T L Ci R Ci Flic U S J T T K En M C Sa K Ci K Ci R K G R G H W .V. Salmon onathon Henderson, 2013 cott Snider oronto Public Library oronto Reference Library oronto inTime, www.citiesintime.ca oronto’s Historical Plaques, www.torontoplaques.com ibrary andibrary Archives Canada,2008 ost Toronto yan Labranche, 2013 achel 2013 Lee, achel 2013 Lee, achel 2013 Lee, achel 2013 Lee, achel 2013 Lee, evin Cooper,evin 2013 Cooper,evin 2013 Cooper,evin 2013 Cooper,evin 2013 anadian Fire Hydrant and Waterworks Museum, 2012 orktown Residents &Business Association, www.corktown.ca rban Toronto lan Brown, 2008 ww.distilleryheritage.com ww.skyscrapercity.com ww. lobe andlobe Mail, 1964 andlobe Mail, 1963 oogle Maps,oogle 2013 Maps,oogle 2013 arris History, 2012 estern Libraries, 2013 atthew Hillgren, 2013.Data from retrieved Statistics Canada. ndra Iskandar ty ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives ofty Toronto Archives och Turneroch Archives Schoolhouse Turneroch Schoolhouse, www.enochturnerschoolhouse.ca krer ! icker.com

Corktown Heritage Study

57

XII. Bibliography City of Toronto Aerial Maps (1977&1985).Aerial photography. City of Toronto: City of Toronto Aerial Maps. (1973&1975).Aerial photography. City of Toronto: City of Toronto Aerial Maps. (1956&1957).Aerial photography. City of Toronto: Canadian Manufacturers &Exporters.(n.d.). Brown, A.(2008).Toronto’s Historical Plaques: House of Providence. Toronto Lo Brewery Arthur, Toronto: Eric. No Mean City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1986. N.(2012,AugustAlcoba, 03).Waterfront eyesore comes to life as underpass Agrell, S.(2012,August 02).Toronto’s park underpass aims to turn neglected City of Toronto Archives. (1960).City of Toronto Directory, Names: from tucker City of Toronto, Heritage Arts &Culture. (n.d.). Institutional Toronto. Retrieved City of Toronto Aerial Maps. (1985&1987).Aerial photography. City of Toronto:

aerial.htm aerial.htm aerial.htm aerial.htm programs/companyinformationcanada/ccc-consumers.html com/Pages_GHI/House_of_Providence.html -underpass-park-o -aims-to-turn-neglected-space-into-community-hub/article4458594/ http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/torontos-underpass-park R R R R P f .n p s t F R -Toronto .htm o zzylch. Streets:o zzylch. abby Location: 176 264732-100.Reel: to Sherwood. rom http://www.mrlo pace intopace community hub. ebruary 2013from http://www.toronto.ca/culture/howard_institutionaltoebruary ark o laques. Toronto, Ontario. from http://www.torontoplaques. Retrieved esearch Hall Computers. from http://www.toronto.ca/archives/ Retrieved esearch Hall Computers. from http://www.toronto.ca/archives/ Retrieved esearch Hall Computers. from http://www.toronto.ca/archives/ Retrieved esearch Hall Computers. from http://www.toronto.ca/archives/ Retrieved 2013February frometrieved Western Libraries: http://www.lib.uwo.ca/ ationalpost.com/2012/08/03/waterfront-eyesore-comes-to-life-as # s. (2013).Description of 90sumach street: lo brewery " cially opens.cially National from http://news Retrieved post.

" cially-opens/ # .ca/Lo ! e globe and frome globe mail. Retrieved # -Buildings/Brewery-Lo ! e Consumers Gas Company. Corktown Heritage Study # s-90-Sumach-St # s. Retrieved

58

XII. Bibliography Leblanc, D. (2011,September 22).Toronto’s quirky home cube of is inneed Housing Connections. (2013). Property housing listings. Zone 9.Properties 510& History of Enoch Turner the Schoolhouse. (n.d.). Enoch Turner Ex-slaves ran city’s Enbridge Gas. (n.d.). History. Our 2013February from Enbridge Retrieved Gas: Duke-Duchess Access Route from Don Valley Parkway to Downtown in to Open Heritage.Distillery (n.d.). District. (2013).History District of Distillery the Distillery Denney, M.,Hare, K.,&Iorio, D. (1996).Corktown: ACommunity Pro Dendy, W. Toronto: Lost Images of City’s the Past. Toronto: McClelland &Stewart Dendy, W. Toronto. (1978).Lost Oxford: Oxford University Press. P.Coopersmith, (1998).Cabbagetown: City of Toronto. (n.d.). Toronto Walking Tours: Old Town Toronto East. City of Toronto. “St. Lawrence Ward Division Four.” Census Records, 1861.

-cube-home-is-in-need-of-a-littlecosmic-energy/article627420/ theglobeandmail.com/life/home-and-garden/architecture/torontos-quirky _content&view=article&id=49&Itemid=29 _citys_ https://www.enbridgegas.com/about/our-history.aspx .thedistillerydistrict.com/history.php towalktours.nsf/Toronto_Walking_Tour-OTTE.pdf cosmic en 249 R h S R D 2013 F Di U I T R nc., 1993. choolhouse Foundation. February 28,2013,from Retrieved ttp://www.enochturnerschoolhouse.ca/index.php?option=com oronto, ON: J. Lorimer. etrieved from http://www.thestar.com/news/2007/02/10/exslaves_ranetrieved 2013frometrievedFebruary niversity, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Toronto. ecember. (1964,April 14). strict Website,strict Toronto, Ontario. from http://www Retrieved etrieved from http://www.housingconnections.ca/Zones/allzones.aspetrieved ebruary from http://www.thedistillerydistrict.com/history.phpebruary " rst_taxi.html ergy. " rst taxi.(2007,February 10).Toronto Star [Toronto]. ! e globe and frome globe mail. http://www. Retrieved ! e History of the Distillery District. Retrieved Retrieved District. e History of Distillery the !

h e Globe ande Globe Mail, p.33. ttp://wx.toronto.ca/inter/trans/ ! e Story of aVictorian Neighbourhood. Corktown Heritage Study ! e Distillery e Distillery

"

le. York

a li

ttle

59

XII. Bibliography Raps Planners: Pinpoint Slum Areas –Mayor. 8).Toronto (1963, October Daily Providence Healthcare. (2012).History, Providence Healthcare. Toronto, Ontario. Ontario Heritage Trust. (2011,June 23).Ontario Heritage Trust to commemorate Ontario Heritage Trust. Enoch Turner February 20, Schoolhouse. 2013.Retrieved Morrow, 29).Prudent A.(2012, December gentri McGowan, M.(1998). McGowan, Mark. RiverLost Walks, Points of Interest along Streams, Lost -St Lawrence Foundry. Rivers.Lost (2013).Toronto Pork Packing Plant. Rivers Lost Website (Points of Stinson, J. (1990). StreetSackville Public Historical School Plaque. (n.d.). Toronto’s Historical Rust-D’Eye, G.(1984).Cabbagetown Remembered. Toronto, ON: Stoddart. com/Pages_STU/Sackville_Street_Public_School.html .aspx -Events/2011/Jun/Ontario-Heritage-Trust-to-commemorate-site-of-prov /Enoch-Turner-Schoolhouse.aspx village/article6762266/?service=mobile .com/news/toronto/prudent-gentri Press. www.irelandparkfoundation.com/index.php?p=2_2 /points/porkpacking.htm S R F si 2013, f a sm iden R I T p nterest), Toronto, Ontario. from Retrieved tar, p.29. ebruary 28,2013,from http://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/News-andebruary laques. Retrieved February 28,2013, fromlaques. http://www.torontoplaques. Retrieved oronto: Toronto Harbour Commissioners. te of etrieved from https://www.providence.on.ca/about/historyetrieved from http://www.lostrivers.ca/points/StLawrencefoundry.htmetrieved tity inToronto, 1887-1922.Kingston: McGill-Queen’s Univesity all

rom http://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/Conservation/Buildings

p v illage . Globe andillage .Globe from mail. http://m.theglobeandmail Retrieved rovince’s ! ! e Arrival. 2007. Retrieved February 20,2013,from http:// 2007.Retrieved e Arrival. e Heritage of Port the Industrial Vol. District 1(Vol. 1). ! e waning of green: the Catholics, Irish the and the " rst parliament buildings and War of 1812.Retrieved " cation-keeps-corktown-a-small- " Corktown Heritage Study cation keeps corktown

h ttp://www.lostrivers.ca

60

XI. Bibliography Yelaja, P. (2005,February 1).Cleaning Up ‘Bucket the of Blood’. Wilson, C.A.(2010Jan). Adaptive Re-Use of Industrial Buildings inToronto Western Libraries. (2013).Business and History – Western Libraries. (2013).Business and History –Coulter and Copper Brass Trainor, M.(2011,June 01).It’s about all cubes. the Toronto Board. Catholic St. School District Paul from Catholic School.Retrieved !

ornton and Lucie Blackburn. (2006,June 3).Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa]. ca/programs/companyinformationcanada/ccc-consumers.html ca/programs/companyinformationcanada/ccc-consumers.html http://www.tcdsb.org/SCHOOLS/STPAUL/Pages/default.aspx -4096-8f4d-fd234503e2fd K On W C f R rom http://corktown.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/2011-summer- etrieved from http://www.canada.com/story.html?id=d47ac069-bdc0etrieved ingston, ON. ompany Limited. Western from Libraries. http://www.lib.uwo. Retrieved estern Libraries. Toronto, Ontario. from Retrieved tario:Evaluating Criteria for 1-77. Determining Building Selection.

Corktown Heritage Study ! ! e Consumers Gas Company, e Corktowner. Retrieved

h ttp://www.lib.uwo. ! e Toronto Star.

61

CARROLL ST REGENT ST SACKVILLE ST QUEEN ST E DVP N RAMP CALGIE LANE MARK ST

LN W CARROLL N THOMPSON WYATT WALK GRANT ST SCHEDULE A COLE ST KINTYRE AVE SUMACH ST NICHOLAS AVE CORKTOWN LABATT AVE DUNDAS ST E DAVIES AVE BROADVIEW AVE HERITAGE STUDY BELSHAW ST BELSHAW PL RIVER ST CALLAGHAN LANE ARNOLD AVE BLEVINS PL BOUNDARY BERKELEY ST THOMPSON ST

ST BARTHOLOMEW ST MUNRO ST OLD BREWERY LANE ST DAVID ST DVP S EASTERN AV W RAMP

ONTARIO ST PARLIAMENT ST POULETT ST Legend

SUTTON AVE EAST DON ROADWAY NIGHTHAWK LANE Boundary WASCANA AVE SHUTER ST FEE PL PATERSON PL MILAN ST ANNA HILLIARD LANE Highway/Ramp SEATON ST

QUEEN ST E BAYVIEW AVE TRACY ST RIVER ST E BAYVIEW RAMP LN E ASHBY PL N KING Arterial Road/Ramp

TREFANN ST

BRIGHT ST ASHBY PL DON VALLEY PARKWAY S Collector Road/Ramp ST PAUL ST Local Road

RAY LANE PERCY ST SUNLIGHT PARK RD RAMSAY LANE Private Road

SEATON ST POWER ST Laneways DON VALLEY PARKWAY N ONTARIO ST ADELAIDE ST E DON RIVER VIRGIN PL EASTERN AVE DIVERSION Pending BERKELEY ST WILKINS AVE

SACKVILLE ST BRIGDEN PL Railway çç çç çç çç çç RICHMOND ST E PEMBERTON ST Shoreline GILEAD PL EASTERN AVE

NOTE: This Schedule illustrates the boundaries of the Corktown Heritage Study LN S RICHMOND W ONTARIO ERIN ST ONTARIO ST If necessary, reference should be made to the City of Toronto SHERBOURNE ST Planning Department or the Town Clerk for DERBY ST confimation of current Minister approved policies

C N R Base Data Source: City of Toronto Open Data Service, City of Toronto Archives CHERRY ST MILL ST KING ST E PRINCESS ST

TRINITY ST

ABBEY LANE FRONT ST E

TANK HOUSE LANE LN S FRONT W BERKELEY LOWER DON RIVER TRL GRISTMILL LANE

LOWER SHERBOURNE ST Metres DISTILLERY LANE 050 100 200 300 400 500 THE ESPLANADE HAHN PL F G GARDINER XY E

FREDERICK ST

AITKEN PL SCADDING AVE

KEATING CHANNEL Created: 02/22/13 Drawn by: JHenderson LAKE SHORE BLVD E LONGBOAT AVE VILLIERS ST Revised: 02/26/13 F G GARDINERMARTIN XY W GOODMAN TRL Archive: 02/27/13 LN 1 W PARLIAMENT S LONGBOAT sch_A_corktown_boundary.mxd ³ 02/28/13 RADENHURST ST SCHEDULE B CORKTOWN

RIVER ST ROAD NETWORK ROSLIN AVE 1884 v. 1924

LOWATT PLACE Legend

SACKVILLE ST WOSCANA ST Study Area

PATTERSON PL HANOVER PL Streets 1924 SYDENHAM ST

TREFANN PL DON ESPLANADE W

BRIGHT ST

ST PAUL ST

QUEEN ST E ST LAWRENCE ST

RAY LANE SUMACH ST

SCHMIDT PL LIMA PL FUNSTON ST CYPRESS ST POWER ST KING ST E WATER ST

PARLIAMENT ST DUCHESS ST

NOTE: OVEREND ST This Schedule illustrates the relationship between the 1884 BERKELEY ST EASTERN AVE DUKE ST FRONT ST E Goad's Fire Insurance Plan and the 1924 street network

ERIN ST If necessary, reference should be made to the City of Toronto Planning Department or the Town Clerk for confimation of current Minister approved policies

DERBY ST CHERRY ST Base Data Source: City of Toronto Open Data Service, City of Toronto Archives

MILL ST

TRINITY ST

Metres 010020030040050050

Created: 02/22/13 Drawn by: JHenderson

Revised: 02/26/13 02/27/13 Archive: 02/28/13 corktown_1884.mxd ³ 03/06/13 NICHOLAS AVE SACKVILLE ST

MUNRO ST LABATT AVE MATILDA ST SCHEDULE C DUNDAS ST E DVP S EASTERN AV W RAMP SUMACH ST CALLAGHAN LANE DAVIES AVE BELSHAWBELSHAW PL ST CORKTOWN

ARNOLD AVE BROADVIEW AVE BLEVINS PL RIVER ST THOMPSON ST CARROLL ST ROAD NETWORK REGENT ST

MUNRO ST OLD BREWERY LANE BERKELEY ST ST DAVID ST 1924 v. CURRENT

POULETT ST

PARLIAMENT ST EAST DON ROADWAY SUTTON AVE Legend

WASCANA AVE SHUTER ST Study Area

FEE PL

MILAN ST ANNA HILLIARD LANE QUEEN ST E Highway/Ramp BAYVIEW AVE ONTARIO ST RIVER ST E BAYVIEW RAMP TRACY ST LOWER DON RIVER TRL LN E ASHBY PL N KING EASTERN AVE DIVERSION Arterial Road/Ramp SYDENHAM ST TREFANN ST

BRIGHT ST ASHBY PL ST PAUL ST Collector Road/Ramp ST LAWRENCE ST DON VALLEY PARKWAY S

RAY LANE Local Road PERCY ST SUNLIGHT PARK RD RAMSAY LANE Private Road

POWER ST ADELAIDE ST E DON VALLEY PARKWAY N Laneways DON RIVER VIRGIN PL SUMACH ST Pending WILKINS AVE

SACKVILLE ST Railway

RICHMOND ST E BERKELEY ST çç çç çç çç PEMBERTON ST Shoreline GILEAD PL ONTARIO ST EASTERN AVE NOTE: This Schedule illustrates the relationship between the 1924 Goad's Fire Insurance Plan and the modern street network

If necessary, reference should be made to the City of Toronto ERIN ST Planning Department or the Town Clerk for ONTARIO ST confimation of current Minister approved policies DERBY ST Base Data Source: City of Toronto Open Data Service, City of Toronto Archives

CHERRY ST MILL ST KING ST E

TRINITY ST

FRONT ST E PRINCESS ST

LN S FRONT W BERKELEY TANK HOUSE LANE LOWER DON RIVER TRL Metres

LOWER SHERBOURNE ST GRISTMILL LANE 010020030040050050

CASE GOODS LANE DISTILLERY LANE THE ESPLANADE HAHN PL DON VALLEY PARKWAY S

AITKEN PL C N R F G GARDINER XY E Created: 02/22/13 Drawn by: JHenderson SCADDING AVE LAKE SHORE BLVD E KEATING CHANNEL Revised: 02/26/13 02/27/13 Archive: LONGBOAT AVE F G GARDINER XY W VILLIERS ST 02/28/13 corktown_1924.mxd MARTIN GOODMAN TRL ³ 03/06/13 LNE RIVER S LABATT

LABATT AVE

RAFFEIX LANE

OLD BREWERY LANE

RIVER ST

WASCANA AVE SHUTER ST

FEE PL

LN N QUEEN E SACKVILLE ST

PATERSONPL KING ST E BAYVIEW AVE

ANNA HILLIARD LANE TRACY ST SACKVILLE ST SUMACH ST

LN E ASHBY PL N KING SHUTER ST

TREFANN ST ASHBY PL

ST PAUL ST BRIGHT ST

ST LAWRENCE ST

LNS QUEEN STE PAUL

EASTERN AVE DIVERSION RAY LANE

RAMSAY LANE PERCY ST

QUEEN ST E

POWER ST RICHMOND ST E

ADELAIDE ST E

VIRGIN PL

WILKINS AVE BERKELEY ST

PARLIAMENT ST SACKVILLE ST

CORKTOWN LANE PEMBERTON ST EASTERN AVE GILEAD PL

TRINITY ST FRONT ST E

ERIN ST

DERBY ST

MILL ST CHERRY ST

C N R LN S FRONT E TRINITY

TANK HOUSE LANE

GRISTMILL LANE CASE GOODS LANE

DISTILLERY LANE

011022033044055 Meters ® Properties with Heritage Status in Corktown

Legend Study Boundary Buildings Heritage Status Property Lines (Subject site) No heritage status Listed Property Lines (Toronto) Designated Created by: M. Hillgren PLG-620 Jan. 31st, 2013