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Nature-Is-Too-Big-To-Fail.Pdf י׌ׁ׀㝕 蔦撬ַם愵׎ 欰暟㢳圫䚍 걄㚖ך如ךؙ盖椚أꆃ輐ٔ www.pwc.com/jp ծ➂겲ָ湫꬗ׅ׷כ孡⦪㢌⹛ה㋨㣟ךխ 荈搫 ׮ג׏עא湡׾ח׍׵ו׷կ֮ד筜䚈✲䡾պךչ⿽㶨 ׵ֶׅ׉׸ָ֮׷ խׁחؙأծٔ׃ח朐䡾ז⪑噟׾搀꣇⟰ WWFչThe Nature of Riskպ㜠デ剅ծ2019 䍇倀 ׮鹌䯴ח׶ת֮ג׃הծ⣛搫כ涪邌ׁ׸׋䲃縧חדתծֿ׸׃ַ׃ ׅկת׶֮ח⤘ꟼך⡤♧邌酅חׁתծכ欰暟㢳圫䚍ה㸜㹀䚍ך⦪孡 ך孡⦪㢌⹛כׇ׿կ欰暟㢳圫䚍תְִכה眔㔲׮⼧ⴓך縭せ ָ鹼ֻծ׉חծ2019䎃猧כ统㕂㹺⚺䌎ך⚥㕂הؙٗٝ㣐窟걄وךأؿٓٝ ׷欰暟ְגָׅծ植㖈遤׻׸תְג黝䘔׾㹋植ׅ׷꒲׾䳢׏הꡙְծ欰暟㢳 箢ㄤהծ孡⦪㢌⹛׃挿׾䓼锃ךֿד⚥ך׋չ⻌❨㡮僇պ׃ ׇ׿կ欰暟㢳תֺׅח1玎䏝ך10ⴓך겘זծ䗳銲כ䫎项ךפ䕵ⶴ 㢳圫䚍ז卓׋ׅꅾ銲ך项ꆃؿٗ٦ך㸼孖ד㋨㣟׾꣖姺ׅ׷ֲִך圫䚍 ְכ٦ٕخ䎢ֻ钠׭׵׸׋ךؙ׾鐰⣣ׅ׷׋׭أꆃ輐ٔך׋կ 圫䚍ꟼ鸬׃ת׃⿹鎉גְאח 䕦갟׾㜠デׅ׷׋׭הؙأꆃ輐ٔך׌㶷㖈ׇ׆ծ欰暟㢳圫䚍ꟼ鸬ת 鋉ך㋨㣟ך׋ծ欰暟㢳圫䚍תׇ׿կת䎢ֻ钠׭׵׸׋㛇彊׮֮׶ך ׷儗➿ְג׃♴⡚欰暟㢳圫䚍ָח䚈鸞וק➙ծד⚥ך〷娖ך겲➂ ꆃחֲ״ךו㋨㣟ָךꟼ鸬䚍ծ欰暟㢳圫䚍ךה٦ةؙإぐ穗幥װ׶ծ➙⚅秀 垷ֶג㣐ꆀ窫徦儗➿ָ鶕׏ך痥6כחׇ׿կ猘׋׍ת׶֮כ ְד鹌׿חⴓ⼧כ׮椚鍑גְאח׏׋挿ְהַך׷ָזאחؙأׅկ㕼㖑 輐ٔת剑㣐100♰珏ָ㖑椔♳ַ׵嶊徦ׅ׷〳腉䚍ָ֮׶כח劣 ׇ׿կת 欰䡾禸׾ך㢳ֻכꃐ䚍⻉ծ寅厩ך栻ծ嵲峔✉Ꟛ涪٥✉װ⻉㢌ךⵃ欽 窫徦׾♧㾴⸇鸞ׇׁծ欰䡾ך珏כ鷄ְ鴥׫ծ孡⦪㢌⹛הפ戭䨫ꥷ ךծ遤⹛׾饯ֿׅ׋׭׃㼎Ⳣח㉏겗ךֿכח2020䎃ծぐ㕂佟䏍 ך׷荈搫״ח欰䡾禸כ䏝➙הׅկׅ׷ת׃㢌⻉׾׮׋׵ז䚈慧ך禸 ծ⚥㕂٥傸僇כWWFן״ׅկPwCֶתְגֽ」堣⠓ָ䖉׍ך瑞⵸ ג׃ׅկֲֿת׃⻉䝤ח挥稆ꥫꨄָ㣐ֹֻ䫇ⵖׁ׸ծ孡⦪㢌⹛ָׁ׵ 欰暟גְֶח㕂鸬欰暟㢳圫䚍箍秈㕂⠓陽COP15ךꟚ⪵✮㹀ד ׹ծ䠐ֿהךדתָׅծֿ׸תְג欰ָׄفؙٕ٦حغس٦؍ؿך頾 ծ2020䎃ָדה㕂ꥷ涸単穈׫ָ䱰䫛ׁ׸׷ֿזꟼׅ׷倜׋ח朐屣 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Mugglin, WWF Switzerland • Marco Tormen, WWF Switzerland 㺔珲罏 • Dr. Günther Dobrauz, PwC Switzerland • Dr. Catherine Weinberg, PwC Switzerland • Amanda Ammann, PwC Switzerland • Lex Huis in het Veld, PwC Netherlands • Mila Harmelink, PwC Netherlands • Magnus Emfel, WWF Sweden • Hugo Bluet, WWF France • Joanne Lee, WWF International • Elizabeth Aceituno, WWF International • Karen Ellis, WWF United Kingdom • Chris Weber, WWF United States • Christa Anderson, WWF United States • Pierre Monnin, Council on Economic Policies • Günter Mitlacher, WWF Germany • Stefan Schwager, BAFU • Prof. Markus Fischer, IPS University Berne • Sybille Borner, WWF Switzerland • Thomas Wirth, WWF Switzerland 荈搫ְז惓ׇג㣐ֹֺׅ | 4 䎷俑 3 6 ח׭ׄכ .1 㹀纏 7ך欰暟㢳圫䚍 .1.1 欰暟㢳圫䚍 10ה孡⦪㢌⹛ 1.2 ׷ 11֮דؙأꆃ輐ٔחִײ׶ծ֮ד穗幥涸䴦㣟כה㋨㣟ך欰暟㢳圫䚍 1.3 ؙ 15أꆃ輐ٔך欰暟㢳圫䚍ꟼ鸬 1.4 侄鎮ךؙ׾׭ּ׷陽锷ַ׵أٔ⦪孡 .2 ךؙأꆃ輐ٔך䖞勻ח㋨㣟׾ְַך欰暟㢳圫䚍 钠陎ׅ׷ַ 18ג׃ה鿇♧ חؙ׾ְַأꆃ輐ٔך䩛岀欰暟㢳圫䚍ꟼ鸬 .3 ׷ַ 26ֹד窟さחأإٗفؙ盖椚أٔך䖞勻ך⡤ꆃ輐⚺ 胜兝 26ך鋉ⵖ 3.1 ⴓ겲 26ךؙأꆃ輐ٔך欰暟㢳圫䚍ꟼ鸬 3.2 鐰⣣ 29ךؙأꆃ輐ٔך欰暟㢳圫䚍ꟼ鸬 3.3 ׭ 32הת .4 5. 䲿鎉 34 ⿫罋俑柃 37 ㉏ְさ׻ׇ 40ֶ 荈搫 | 5ְז惓ׇג㣐ֹֺׅ מ״׋ע .1 Ꟛ⪵ׁ׸׋G7דأؿٓٝח׷կ2019䎃ְגץ鶢ה䗳銲ָ֮׷ְֻג ⚥㣛ך׷պկ40⡭׶֮ד㔓⾱ךא1ךؙأꆃ輐ٔכؙأչ孡⦪ꟼ鸬ٔ 佟瘻٥鋉ךꆃ輐䋐㜥ֻז㉏겗ָ꟦麩ְךծ欰暟㢳圫䚍כד껷膷⠓さ حط׷ꆃ輐䔲㽷⤘חؙ瘝أ׷孡⦪㢌⹛ٔזꆃ輐鋉ⵖ䔲㽷ַ׵הꋒ遤 ծ欰暟㢳圫䚍׃ַ׃䓼锃ׁ׸׋կָה׷ֿ֮ד걄㚖ךꟼׅ׷如חؙ ⵖأꆃ輐ٔך孡⦪ꟼ鸬כ׋կNGFSץ׉ֲ鶢כٙ٦ؙNGFSز կ㕂鸬ְזכדה׏׋ֿת㨣ח➙ծכה➰ֽ׷ֿן项ꆃؿٗ٦׾穠ה ׋ծ ꆃ 輐תכהֿך׷կְֿג׃钠 陎ג׃הא1ך⟢׾頾鎶ׁ׸׋顑 ׷ֶֽח٦ةؙإծչꆃ輐ח2007䎃כـث،ءص؎孡 橆㞮鎘歗٥ꆃ輐ג׃㼎ח׷ꋒ遤ծ⥂ꤹ⠓爡ծ䎃ꆃ㛇ꆃծ项欵麊欽⠓爡֮ד⡤⚺ ծ㕂ꥷ׃⪵׾Ꟛفحّءꟼׅ׷ٙ٦ؙח堣⠓պהؙأٔך欰暟㢳圫䚍 תא׷կְג׏ז׮חآ٦إح嗚鎢׾実׭׷ًךؙأꆃ輐ٔךꟼ鸬⦪ 铬겗ַպך如ךꆃ輐堣ꟼכչ欰暟㢳圫䚍ח2008䎃כ׌կ 荈搫⥂隊鸬さהְֲֿה׷֮ד橆♧ךأإٗفؙ盖椚أٔך剑⯓畭כ׶ծֿ׸ ׷կְג׃겗ׅ׷㜠デ剅׾Ⱅ邌ה ה侭さ׾㔳׷ֿךהؙ鯪幾أꆃ輐ٔך孡⦪ꟼ鸬ה׋ծ项ꆃؿٗ٦ת ָ⢽剑׋׷ך׷կ׉ְג׏זחֲ״ׅ実׭׵׸׷תׅת♳ծ鋉ⵖָ ծ2020ְָ׃⛉גꟼ䗰ָ㺔ׇ׵׸ח㋨㣟ך欰暟㢳圫䚍חֲ״ךֿ ٝٓفך׷կֿ֮דٝٓفّٝءؙ،٥أٝش؎ؿ؋ٕـشذأ؟ךEU ג搊挿ָ䔲ח暴ח➰ֹן穠ך项ꆃؿٗ٦ה㋨㣟ךծ欰暟㢳圫䚍כ湡 䎃ךꟼׅ׷ػٔ⼿㹀ח孡⦪㢌⹛װꟚ涪湡垥SDGsז䭯竲〳腉כ ׷կ֮ד僇涯כٕشؚءך䙼׻׸׷կ剑ⴱה׷זח䎃ך爙ׅ׮ ׵׸׷鯄堣ַך׶䖤׷זה꒲ח٦ְַָةؙإծꆃ輐ד垥׾麦䧭ׅ׷ֲִ 统㕂㹺⚺䌎ָծչ欰ך⚥㕂הؙٗٝ㣐窟걄وךأؿٓٝח倯ぢ 2019䎃11剢ְ״㹋⡤穗幥׾ג׃⸂׾崞欽ךծ项ꆃؿٗ٦חず儗ה׷֮דך ծչ庛㹓⸬׃ꟼׅ׷⻌❨㡮僇պ׾涪邌ח孡⦪㢌⹛הⰋ⥂ך暟㢳圫䚍 》ך׮֮׷կֿ׸׵דך䠐妜׾邌ׅ׮ךׅ׷佟瘻甧周罏הֲ״㢌ִפ ׵׆ծ欰暟㢳圫ז׫ך涪㾜ז䓼ꬥג׃㼎ח⦪孡ד䱖⳿㘗⡚أծ 卓ؖדך罋ִ倯׾《׶Ⰵ׸׋׮ךպ؍ذٔ،ٔذوٕـتչגⰋכ׶穈׫ 项ꆃؿٗ٦׾黝さׁחぢֽ׋倯ꆙחⵃ欽זٕـشذأ؟הⰋ⥂ך׮堣⠓ 䚍חؙأٔג׏הח٦ةؙإꆃ輐ח痥1כ㉏겗ך؍ذؽٔشذأ؟ ٕـشذأ؟׷״ח⠓ծ妌䊜㨻㆞ח׋կׁ׵׃欰暟㢳圫 ׇ׷պ䗳銲䚍׾邌僇ה葺ֻ׮䝤ֻ׮孡⦪㢌⹛כ项ꆃؿٗ٦חծ痥2ה׷ֿז׮ח 箢ㄤך孡⦪㢌⹛חծ⚺כ׶穈׫》ך٦ىظاؙةꟼׅ׷EUח崞⹛ז ׷♴㔳׾⿫撑կְג׃׾爙㇗הֿׅר⿹䕦갟׾ח䚍 ע⿹׮ח欰暟㢳圫䚍ג׃הو٦ذך׶ծ如ֶגג搊挿׾䔲ח黝䘔ה ׋ծPaul PolmanImagineծThomas Lingardת孡⦪㢌⹛ 〳腉䚍ָ֮׷կחծ暴כ⤘ꟼךה项ꆃؿٗ٦הو٦ذך؍ذؽٔشذأ؟ ٦ָت頿歲ٔ٦ךծ㢳ֻוז侧֮׷ꅾ UnileverծZhao XinYili Groupכծֿ׸׃ַ׃׋կֹג陽锷٥锃叨ׁ׸ח崞涪דꟼ鸬ךה ꟼ䗰חծ暴ִת堣⠓׾驎הؙأٔז㣐ֹךծ׉גְאחծ 欰暟㢳圫䚍ֻזדNGFS׌ֽכגְאח挿ךկְֿזֺׅחא1ך橆㞮㉏겗ז銲 ׷կְג׃邌僇ה׷ָ֮ ד⚥ךٝٓفّٝءؙ،٥أٝش؎ؿ؋ٕـشذأ؟妌䊜㨻㆞⠓׮EU ׆孡תծכ嗚鎢ך⠓堣הؙأٔך׮橆㞮ה׶ծ⚕罏֮ד׹ֿה钠׭׷ ־䎢דתח爡⠓㉏겗װ橆㞮㉏겗ך➭ך㢌⹛ַ׵㨣׭ծ׉׸ַ׵׉⦪ ؍ذٔ،ٔذوٕـتꟼ⤘ך橆㞮ה٦ةؙإꆃ輐 ؍ذٔ،ٔذو橆㞮涸 ؍ذٔ،ٔذو頿⹡涸 䕦갟ך崞⹛ך׉ן״ֶ... דٝ׾椚 鍑ׅ׷ֲִّءآه涪㾜ծ噟籐ծך噟⟰ ...眔㔲ז䗳銲 ׷ִ♷ח⦪噟ָ孡⟰ ꅾ銲ח頿⹡涸כ䕦갟 ׶䖤׷זח 孡⦪㢌⹛ָ ח⦪׷ ⟰噟ָ孡ִ♷ח噟⟰ 䕦갟 ♷ִ׷䕦갟 ⟰噟 孡⦪ ⟰噟 孡⦪ ׶״FOLPDWHUHODWHGLQIRUPDWLRQUHSRUWLQJJXLGHOLQHVBHQSGIHFHXURSDHXĠQDQFHGRFVSROLF\⳿ⰩKWWSV 荈搫ְז惓ׇג㣐ֹֺׅ | 6 ׷֮ד㔓⾱ךא1ךؙأꆃ輐ٔכؙأ孡⦪ꟼ鸬ٔ ٙ٦ؙNGFS, 2018زحط׷ꆃ輐䔲㽷⤘חؙ瘝أ孡⦪㢌⹛ٔ 㹀纏ך׷㕂鸬欰暟㢳圫䚍 1.1. 欰暟㢳圫䚍ְגꟚ⪵ָ✮㹀ׁ׸ד⚥㕂٥傸僇ח2020䎃猧 ծ宏颵٥כ걄㚖ך如ךأٝش؎ؿ؋ٕـشذأ؟ծִת箍秈㕂⠓陽׾驎 ♧׷կ剑׮֮דך׮ך׷欰ㄏ׉ײ׵֮ך♳ծ㖑椔כה栻ծꅿ 欰暟㢳圫䚍✉ך⸋⻉ծ瀧恉⻉ծⰕ㹱ծ눴ך㣐孡寅厩ծ啾卌灶㠨ծ㕼㖑 חꟼׅ׷勴秈CBDח㢳圫䚍ך欰暟כך׷ְג欽ְ׵׸חծ欰暟㢳圫 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