Social and Environmental Report 2015
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Notes on Moscow Exchange Index Review
Notes on Moscow Exchange index review Moscow Exchange approves the updated list of index components and free float ratios effective from 16 March 2018. X5 Retail Group N.V. (DRs) will be added to Moscow Exchange indices with the expected weight of 1.13 per cent. As these securities were offered initially, they were added without being in the waiting list under consideration. Thus, from 16 March the indices will comprise 46 (component stocks. The MOEX Russia and RTS Index moved to a floating number of component stocks in December 2017. En+ Group plc (DRs) will be in the waiting list to be added to Moscow Exchange indices, as their liquidity rose notably over recent three months. NCSP Group (ords) with low liquidity, ROSSETI (ords) and RosAgro PLC with their weights now below the minimum permissible level (0.2 per cent) will be under consideration to be excluded from the MOEX Russia Index and RTS Index. The Blue Chip Index constituents remain unaltered. X5 Retail Group (DRs), GAZ (ords), Obuvrus LLC (ords) and TNS energo (ords) will be added to the Broad Market Index, while Common of DIXY Group and Uralkali will be removed due to delisting expected. TransContainer (ords), as its free float sank below the minimum threshold of 5 per cent, and Southern Urals Nickel Plant (ords), as its liquidity ratio declined, will be also excluded. LSR Group (ords) will be incuded into SMID Index, while SOLLERS and DIXY Group (ords) will be excluded due to low liquidity ratio. X5 Retail Group (DRs) and Obuvrus LLC (ords) will be added to the Consumer & Retail Index, while DIXY Group (ords) will be removed from the Index. -
Underground Nuclear Explosion (Western Yakutia) from TEM Data
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Russian Geology and Geophysics 53 (2012) 185–193 www.elsevier.com/locate/rgg The geoelectric structure at the site of “Crystal” underground nuclear explosion (Western Yakutia) from TEM data N.O. Kozhevnikov a,*, E.Yu. Antonov a, S.Yu. Artamonova b, A.E. Plotnikov c a A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia b V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia c LUCH R&D Company for Geophysical Instruments, ul. Geologicheskaya 49, Novosibirsk, 630010, Russia Received 25 May 2010; accepted 7 October 2010 Abstract The resistivity pattern at the site of the “Crystal” underground nuclear explosion (Daldyn–Alakit district of Yakutia) of 1974 which led to an accident has been imaged using TEM data. The local background pattern corresponds to a three- or four-layer earth with a conductor at the base. The uppermost layer, with a resistivity of tens to hundreds of ohm ⋅ m, has its bottom at 190–260 m asl and consists of perennially frozen Late Cambrian carbonates. The resistivity structure of shallow subsurface at the blast epicenter remained unperturbed though being subject to mechanic and thermal effects. The bottom of the second layer is at 20 to 190 m below the sealevel and its resistivity is 7–10 ohm ⋅ m. It is composed of frost-bound and unfrozen cold rocks that belong to a Late Cambrian water-bearing sequence (an aquifer). -
An Overview of Boards of Directors at Russia's Largest Public Companies
An Overview Of Boards Of Directors At Russia’s Largest Public Companies Andrei Rakitin Milena Barsukova Arina Mazunova Translated from Russian August 2020 Key Results According to information disclosed by 109 of Russia’s largest public companies: “Classic” board compositions of 11, nine, and seven seats prevail The total number of persons on Boards of the companies under study is not as low as it might seem: 89% of all Directors were elected to only one such Board Female Directors account for 12% and are more often elected to the audit, nomination, and remuneration committees than to the strategy committee Among Directors, there are more “humanitarians” than “techies,” while the share of “techies” among chairs is greater than across the whole sample The average age for Directors is 53, 56 for Chairmen, and 58 for Independent Directors Generation X is the most visible on Boards, and Generation Y Directors will likely quickly increase their presence if the impetuous development of digital technologies continues The share of Independent Directors barely reaches 30%, and there is an obvious lack of independence on key committees such as audit Senior Independent Directors were elected at 17% of the companies, while 89% of Chairs are not independent The average total remuneration paid to the Board of Directors is RUR 69 million, with the difference between the maximum and minimum being 18 times Twenty-four percent of the companies disclosed information on individual payments made to their Directors. According to this, the average total remuneration is approximately RUR 9 million per annum for a Director, RUR 17 million for a Chair, and RUR 11 million for an Independent Director The comparison of 2020 findings with results of a similar study published in 2012 paints an interesting dynamic picture. -
2002 Annual Report of Alrosa Table of Contents
2002 ANNUAL REPORT OF ALROSA TABLE OF CONTENTS: Members of Supervisory Council Members of the Board Members of Auditing Committee Structure of ALROSA Group President’s Statement Activities of Supervisory Council Report by the Board on the Company’s Activities in the Main Fields of Operations Mining Operations Marketing Policy. Sales of Rough Diamonds. Polished Diamond Manufacture and Sales Geological Exploration Capital Construction Supplies and Logistics Research and Development Diversification of the Company’s Activities. Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies Personnel Management External Relations Environmental Safety Accounting and Financial Results Accounting Policy Audit Statement Consolidated Financial Statement of ALROSA Co. Ltd. Basic Performance Indicators of ALROSA Co. Ltd. Information for Shareholders Historic Highlights of ALROSA Addresses of ALROSA Offices 2 Supervisory Council Co-Chairmen of Supervisory Council: Alexey Leonidovich KUDRIN Deputy Chairman of RF Government, Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation, Chairman of ALROSA Supervisory Council Vyacheslav Anataloyevich SHTYROV President of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), First Deputy Chairman of ALROSA Supervisory Council Andrei Dmitrievich KIRILLIN Chairman of ALROSA Supervisory Council Members of Supervisory Council: Gennady Fedorovich ALEXEYEV Minister of Property Relations of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Alexandr Vasilyevich ANOSHKIN Assistant of Head of RF President’s Administration Ernst Borisovich BEREZKIN Minister of Finance of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) -
PRESS RELEASE JSC ALROSA Announces Purchase of a 25
PRESS RELEASE JSC ALROSA Announces Purchase of a 25 Percent Interest in OJSC Polyus Gold August, 2007, Moscow. Joint-Stock Company ALROSA signed an agreement with ONEXIM Group to buy a 25 percent stake in the Open Joint-Stock Company Polyus Gold (RTS, MICEX, and LSE – PLZL), Russia’s largest gold producer. “This deal was implemented as part of the development strategy approved by the Supervisory Board of JSC ALROSA. Among other things, ALROSA focuses on diversifying into other sectors. The purchase of a significant stake in Polyus Gold, which pursues an effective production strategy, will enable ALROSA to access a market with considerable long-term prospects and will further boost the development and economic growth of regions in Central and Eastern Siberia,” said President of ALROSA Sergei Vybornov. Open Joint-Stock Company Polyus Gold (RTS, MICEX, and LSE – PLZL) – is the leading gold producer in Russia and one of the biggest players in gold mining in the world in terms of deposits and production. The asset portfolio of Polyus Gold includes ore and alluvial gold deposits in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk, Magadan, and Amur regions, and in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), where the company operates gold exploration and mining projects. As of January 1, 2007, the mineral resource base of OJSC Polyus Gold comprises 3,000.7 tons of gold in B+C1+C2 reserves, including 2,149 tons of B+C1 reserves. Joint-Stock Company ALROSA – is a global leader in diamond exploration, mining and sales of rough diamonds, and in cut diamond manufacture. ALROSA accounts for 97 percent of Russia’s rough diamond production and for 25 percent of the global output of rough diamonds. -
Chapter 7. Cities of the Russian North in the Context of Climate Change
? chapter seven Cities of the Russian North in the Context of Climate Change Oleg Anisimov and Vasily Kokorev Introduction In addressing Arctic urban sustainability, one has to deal with the com- plex interplay of multiple factors, such as governance and economic development, demography and migration, environmental changes and land use, changes in the ecosystems and their services, and climate change.1 While climate change can be seen as a factor that exacerbates existing vulnerabilities to other stressors, changes in temperatures, precipitation, snow accumulation, river and lake ice, and hydrological conditions also have direct implications for Northern cities. Climate change leads to a reduction in the demand for heating energy, on one hand, and heightens concerns about the fate of the infrastruc- ture built upon thawing permafrost, on the other. Changes in snowfall are particularly important and have direct implications for the urban economy, because, together with heating costs, expenses for snow removal from streets, airport runways, roofs, and ventilation spaces underneath buildings standing on pile foundations built upon perma- frost constitute the bulk of a city’s maintenance budget during the long cold period of the year. Many cities are located in river valleys and are prone to fl oods that lead to enormous economic losses, inju- ries, and in some cases human deaths. The severity of the northern climate has a direct impact on the regional migration of labor. Climate could thus potentially be viewed as an inexhaustible public resource that creates opportunities for sustainable urban development (Simp- 142 | Oleg Anisimov and Vasily Kokorev son 2009). Long-term trends show that climate as a resource is, in fact, becoming more readily available in the Russian North, notwith- standing the general perception that globally climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the twenty-fi rst century. -
Climate Change and Human Mobility in Indigenous Communities of the Russian North
Climate Change and Human Mobility in Indigenous Communities of the Russian North January 30, 2013 Susan A. Crate George Mason University Cover image: Winifried K. Dallmann, Norwegian Polar Institute. http://www.arctic-council.org/index.php/en/about/maps. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ ii 1. Introduction and Purpose ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Focus of paper and author’s approach................................................................................... 2 1.2 Human mobility in the Russian North: Physical and Cultural Forces .................................. 3 1.2.1 Mobility as the Historical Rule in the Circumpolar North ............................................. 3 1.2.2. Changing the Rules: Mobility and Migration in the Russian and Soviet North ............ 4 1.2.3 Peoples of the Russian North .......................................................................................... 7 1.2.4 The contemporary state: changes affecting livelihoods ................................................. 8 2. Overview of the physical science: actual and potential effects of climate change in the Russian North .............................................................................................................................................. -
Transparency and Disclosure by Russian State-Owned Enterprises
Transparency And Disclosure By Russian State-Owned Enterprises Standard & Poor’s Governance Services Prepared for the Roundtable on Corporate Governance organized by the OECD in Moscow on June 3, 2005 Julia Kochetygova Nick Popivshchy Oleg Shvyrkov Vladimir Todres Christine Liadskaya June 2005 Transparency & Disclosure by Russian State-Owned Enterprises Transparency and Disclosure by Russian State-Owned Enterprises Executive Summary This survey of transparency and disclosure (T&D) by Russian state-owned companies by Standard & Poor’s Governance Services was prepared at the request of the OECD Roundtable on Corporate Governance. According to the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of SOEs, “the state should act as an informed and active owner and establish a clear and consistent ownership policy, ensuring that the governance of state-owned enterprises is carried out in a transparent and accountable manner” (Chapter III). Further, “large or listed SOEs should disclose financial and non financial information according to international best practices” (Chapter V). In stark contrast with these principles, the study revealed consistent differences in disclosure standards between the state-controlled and similarly sized public Russian companies. This is in line with the notion that transparency of state-controlled enterprises is hampered by the tendency of the Russian government and individual officials to use their influence on such companies to promote political or individual goals that often diverge from commercial motives and investor interests. High standards of transparency and disclosure, on the other hand, are a cornerstone in the foundation of good governance. They provide legitimate stakeholders--whether creditors, minority shareholders, taxpayers, or the general public--with the information they need to be able to begin to hold government decision-makers accountable for their actions. -
Yakutia) “…The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Is the Largest Region in the Russian Federation and One of the Richest in Natural Resources
Investor's Guide to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) “…The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the largest region in the Russian Federation and one of the richest in natural resources. Needless to say, the stable and dynamic development of Yakutia is of key importance to both the Far Eastern Federal District and all of Russia…” President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin “One of the fundamental priorities of the Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is to develop comfortable conditions for business and investment activities to ensure dynamic economic growth” Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Egor Borisov 2 Contents Welcome from Egor Borisov, Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 5 Overview of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 6 Interesting facts about the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 7 Strategic priorities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) investment policy 8 Seven reasons to start a business in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 10 1. Rich reserves of natural resources 10 2. Significant business development potential for the extraction and processing of mineral and fossil resources 12 3. Unique geographical location 15 4. Stable credit rating 16 5. Convenient conditions for investment activity 18 6. Developed infrastructure for the support of small and medium-sized enterprises 19 7. High level of social and economic development 20 Investment infrastructure 22 Interaction with large businesses 24 Interaction with small and medium-sized enterprises 25 Other organisations and institutions 26 Practical information on doing business in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 27 Public-Private Partnership 29 Information for small and medium-sized enterprises 31 Appendix 1. -
The Mineral Indutry of Russia in 1998
THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA By Richard M. Levine Russia extends over more than 75% of the territory of the According to the Minister of Natural Resources, Russia will former Soviet Union (FSU) and accordingly possesses a large not begin to replenish diminishing reserves until the period from percentage of the FSU’s mineral resources. Russia was a major 2003 to 2005, at the earliest. Although some positive trends mineral producer, accounting for a large percentage of the were appearing during the 1996-97 period, the financial crisis in FSU’s production of a range of mineral products, including 1998 set the geological sector back several years as the minimal aluminum, bauxite, cobalt, coal, diamonds, mica, natural gas, funding that had been available for exploration decreased nickel, oil, platinum-group metals, tin, and a host of other further. In 1998, 74% of all geologic prospecting was for oil metals, industrial minerals, and mineral fuels. Still, Russia was and gas (Interfax Mining and Metals Report, 1999n; Novikov significantly import-dependent on a number of mineral products, and Yastrzhembskiy, 1999). including alumina, bauxite, chromite, manganese, and titanium Lack of funding caused a deterioration of capital stock at and zirconium ores. The most significant regions of the country mining enterprises. At the majority of mining enterprises, there for metal mining were East Siberia (cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, was a sharp decrease in production indicators. As a result, in the columbium, platinum-group metals, tungsten, and zinc), the last 7 years more than 20 million metric tons (Mt) of capacity Kola Peninsula (cobalt, copper, nickel, columbium, rare-earth has been decommissioned at iron ore mining enterprises. -
The Evolutionary History of Sharp-And Blunt-Snouted Lenok (Brachymystax
BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia Elsa Froufe1,2, Sergey Alekseyev3, Paulo Alexandrino1,2 and Steven Weiss*4 Address: 1Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO/UP), Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal, 2Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4009-002 Porto, Portugal, 3N. K. Kolzov Institute of Developmental Biology (IDB), Russian Academy of Sciences, 117334, Moscow, Vavilova 26, Russia and 4Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Institut für Zoologie, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria Email: Elsa Froufe - [email protected]; Sergey Alekseyev - [email protected]; Paulo Alexandrino - [email protected]; Steven Weiss* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 6 February 2008 Received: 4 August 2007 Accepted: 6 February 2008 BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008, 8:40 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-40 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/40 © 2008 Froufe et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Broad-scale phylogeographic studies of freshwater organisms provide not only an invaluable framework for understanding the evolutionary history of species, but also a genetic imprint of the paleo- hydrological dynamics stemming from climatic change. Few such studies have been carried out in Siberia, a vast region over which the extent of Pleistocene glaciation is still disputed. -
Subject of the Russian Federation)
How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country.