Chapter XI. Transport and Communications B. Road Traffic TI
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Preferential and Managed Lane Signs and General Information Signs
2009 Edition Page 253 CHAPTER 2G. PREFERENTIAL AND MANAGED LANE SIGNS Section 2G.01 Scope Support: 01 Preferential lanes are lanes designated for special traffic uses such as high-occupancy vehicles (HOVs), light rail, buses, taxis, or bicycles. Preferential lane treatments might be as simple as restricting a turning lane to a certain class of vehicles during peak periods, or as sophisticated as providing a separate roadway system within a highway corridor for certain vehicles. 02 Preferential lanes might be barrier-separated (on a separate alignment or physically separated from the other travel lanes by a barrier or median), buffer-separated (separated from the adjacent general-purpose lanes only by a narrow buffer area created with longitudinal pavement markings), or contiguous (separated from the adjacent general-purpose lanes only by a lane line). Preferential lanes might allow continuous access with the adjacent general-purpose lanes or restrict access only to designated locations. Preferential lanes might be operated in a constant direction or operated as reversible lanes. Some reversible preferential lanes on a divided highway might be operated counter-flow to the direction of traffic on the immediately adjacent general-purpose lanes. 03 Preferential lanes might be operated on a 24-hour basis, for extended periods of the day, during peak travel periods only, during special events, or during other activities. 04 Open-road tolling lanes and toll plaza lanes that segregate traffic based on payment method are not considered preferential lanes. Chapter 2F contains information regarding signing of open-road tolling lanes and toll plaza lanes. 05 Managed lanes typically restrict access with the adjacent general-purpose lanes to designated locations only. -
Traffic and Road Sign Recognition
Traffic and Road Sign Recognition Hasan Fleyeh This thesis is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of Napier University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2008 Abstract This thesis presents a system to recognise and classify road and traffic signs for the purpose of developing an inventory of them which could assist the highway engineers’ tasks of updating and maintaining them. It uses images taken by a camera from a moving vehicle. The system is based on three major stages: colour segmentation, recognition, and classification. Four colour segmentation algorithms are developed and tested. They are a shadow and highlight invariant, a dynamic threshold, a modification of de la Escalera’s algorithm and a Fuzzy colour segmentation algorithm. All algorithms are tested using hundreds of images and the shadow-highlight invariant algorithm is eventually chosen as the best performer. This is because it is immune to shadows and highlights. It is also robust as it was tested in different lighting conditions, weather conditions, and times of the day. Approximately 97% successful segmentation rate was achieved using this algorithm. Recognition of traffic signs is carried out using a fuzzy shape recogniser. Based on four shape measures - the rectangularity, triangularity, ellipticity, and octagonality, fuzzy rules were developed to determine the shape of the sign. Among these shape measures octangonality has been introduced in this research. The final decision of the recogniser is based on the combination of both the colour and shape of the sign. The recogniser was tested in a variety of testing conditions giving an overall performance of approximately 88%. -
International Road Signs Leaflet
International Road Signs Leaflet Edition 2008 A Comprehensive list of unusual road signs by country © AIT-FIA Information Centre (OTA) Preface This third edition of the International Road Signs leaflet includes three new countries (Kuwait, Latvia and Slovenia) as well as a number of new unusual road signs in several countries. The publication follows a similar approach as the 2005 edition. We have tried to select the most unusual road signs among the ones which do not conform to those prescribed by international agreements, namely the Protocol on Road Signs and Signals (Geneva, 1949) and the Convention on Road Signs and Signals (Vienna, 1968). There is certainly a degree of subjectivity in our selections and we apologise for missing any signs that would have deserved to be inserted in this leaflet. But be sure we will take your remarks into consideration for future updates. We would also like to thank all the national automobile clubs for their invaluable help in the making of this publication. Whether you read it out of curiosity or because you intend to travel abroad, we hope you will enjoy using this leaflet. © AIT-FIA Information Centre (OTA) Table of content Things to know Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada China Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Hong Kong Iceland Israel Italy Japan Kuwait Latvia Macedonia (FYROM) Malaysia Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Russia Slovenia South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom USA Tunnel road signs in several countries © AIT-FIA Information Centre (OTA) Things to know According to international agreements: - Danger warning signs are either triangles or diamonds depending on the countries - Restrictive or prohibitory signs are usually circular with red borders. -
Palestine About the Author
PALESTINE ABOUT THE AUTHOR Professor Nur Masalha is a Palestinian historian and a member of the Centre for Palestine Studies, SOAS, University of London. He is also editor of the Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies. His books include Expulsion of the Palestinians (1992); A Land Without a People (1997); The Politics of Denial (2003); The Bible and Zionism (Zed 2007) and The Pales- tine Nakba (Zed 2012). PALESTINE A FOUR THOUSAND YEAR HISTORY NUR MASALHA Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History was first published in 2018 by Zed Books Ltd, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way, London SE11 5RR, UK. www.zedbooks.net Copyright © Nur Masalha 2018. The right of Nur Masalha to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988. Typeset in Adobe Garamond Pro by seagulls.net Index by Nur Masalha Cover design © De Agostini Picture Library/Getty All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of Zed Books Ltd. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑272‑7 hb ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑274‑1 pdf ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑275‑8 epub ISBN 978‑1‑78699‑276‑5 mobi CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1. The Philistines and Philistia as a distinct geo‑political entity: 55 Late Bronze Age to 500 BC 2. The conception of Palestine in Classical Antiquity and 71 during the Hellenistic Empires (500‒135 BC) 3. -
EASAC Report on Packaging Plastics in the Circular Economy
Packaging plastics in the circular economy Packaging plastics in the circular ea sac Packaging plastics in the circular economy March 2020 March EASAC policy report 39 March 2020 ISBN: 978-3-8047-4129-4 EASAC This report can be found at www.easac.eu Science Advice for the Benefit of Europe EASAC EASAC – the European Academies' Science Advisory Council – is formed by the national science academies of the EU Member States to enable them to collaborate with each other in giving advice to European policy-makers. It thus provides a means for the collective voice of European science to be heard. EASAC was founded in 2001 at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Its mission reflects the view of academies that science is central to many aspects of modern life and that an appreciation of the scientific dimension is a pre-requisite to wise policy-making. This view already underpins the work of many academies at national level. With the growing importance of the European Union as an arena for policy, academies recognise that the scope of their advisory functions needs to extend beyond the national to cover also the European level. Here it is often the case that a trans-European grouping can be more effective than a body from a single country. The academies of Europe have therefore formed EASAC so that they can speak with a common voice with the goal of building science into policy at EU level. Through EASAC, the academies work together to provide independent, expert, evidence-based advice about the scientific aspects of public policy to those who make or influence policy within the European institutions. -
Australian Standard
AS 1742.8—1990 Australian Standard Manual of uniform traffic control devices Part 8: Freeways This is a free 6 page sample. Access the full version online. This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee MS/12, Road Signs and Traffic Signals. It was approved on behalf of the Council of StandardsAustralia on 27 June 1990 and published on 8 October 1990. The following interests are represented on Committee MS/12: ACT Administration Australian Automobile Association Australian Local Government Association Australian Road Research Board Austroads Confederation of Australian Industry Department of Transport and Communications Department of Road Transport, South Australia Local Government Engineers Association of Victoria Main Roads Department, Queensland Railways of Australia Committee Roads & Traffic Authority, New South Wales Transport Commission, Tasmania Vic Roads Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards This is a free 6 page sample. Access the full version online. Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken. -
Suppression of Resistance
FFORCEDORCED POPULATION TTRANSRANSFFERER:: TTHEHE C CASEASE O OFF P PALESTINEALESTINE SUPPRESSSSIONION OFOF RREESSISISTANCETANCE WorkingWorking Paper Paper No. No. 19 19 This Series of Working Papers on forced population transfer constitutes a digestible overview of the forced displacement of Palestinians as a historic, yet ongoing process, which detrimentally affects the daily life of Palestinians and threatens their national existence. The Series utilizes an inclusive interpretation of the human rights-based approach, emphasizing that obligations under international law must supersede political considerations. Outlining the nuances and the broader implications of forced population transfer requires BADIL بـديـــــل careful scrutiny of Israeli policies aimed BADIL بـديـــــل Resource Center املركز الفلسطيني ,at forcibly transferring Palestinians for PalestinianResource Residency Center and المركز الفلسطيني Refugee Rights ملصـادر حقـــوق املواطنـة for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights والـالجئيـن and their role in the overall system of لمصـادر حقـوق المواطنـة والـالجئيـن suppression in Palestine. December 2016 December 2016 Review and Edit: Nidal Alazza Researchers and Authors: Amaya al-Orzza and Rachel Hallowell Reasearch Assistants: Lisa Auer, Ahmad Lahham, Murad Odah, Haya Abu Shkhaidem and Lana Ramadan Copy-edit: Naomi M. R. Graham and Lubnah Shomali Design and Layout: Fidaa Ikhlayel and Atallah Salem ISBN: 978-9950-339-46-0 All rights reserved © BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency & Refugee Rights Forced Population Transfer: The Case of Palestine - Suppression of Resistance December 2016 Credit and Notations To honor anonymity and protect the victims, in some cases their names have been omitted and information regarding their locations have been changed. Many thanks to all who have supported BADIL Resource Center throughout this research project and in particular to all interview partners who provided the foundation for this publication. -
Road Signs and Other Devices of Traffic Control in Finland
Road signs and other devices of traffic control in Finland 1 Danger warning signs Right bend Left bend Several bends, Several bends, Dangerous the first to the right the first to the left descent Steep ascent Road narrows Two-way traffic Swing bridge Ferry, quay or river bank Traffic congestion Uneven road Road works Loose gravel Slippery road Dangerous Pedestrian Children Cyclists Ski track shoulders crossing Elks Reindeer Intersection with Intersection with minor Intersection with equal roads (give road (vehicles coming minor road way to the vehicles from the minor road coming from the right) have to give way) Intersection with Light signals Roundabout Tramway line Level-crossing minor road without gates 2 Danger warning signs Level-crossing Additional sign at Level-crossing Level-crossing Falling rocks with gates approach to with one track with two or more tracks level-crossing Aircrafts flying at Cross-wind Other danger low altitude Signs regulating priority Priority road End of priority Priority over oncoming traffic Priority for Give way (to vehicles Stop and give way oncoming traffic on the road you (to vehicles on the road are approaching) you are approaching) Prohibitory or restrictive signs Closed to all vehicles No entry for power- No entry for truck No entry for vehicle No entry for power- driven vehicles and van combinations driven agricultural vehicle 3 Prohibitory or restrictive signs No entry for No entry for No entry for vehicles No entry for bus No entry for moped motor cycle motor sledge carrying dangerous goods No entry -
AS 1742.7-2007 Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices
AS 1742.7—2007 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) AS 1742.7—2007 Australian Standard® Manual of uniform traffic control devices Part 7: Railway crossings This is a free 8 page sample. Access the full version online. This Australian Standard® was prepared by Committee MS-012, Road Signs and Traffic Signals. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 19 January 2007. This Standard was published on 20 February 2007. The following are represented on Committee MS-012: • AUSTROADS • Association of Consultants in Access Australia • Australasian Railway Association • Australian Automobile Association • Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry • Department of Infrastructure (Victoria) • Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources (Tasmania) • Independent Transport Safety & Reliability Regulator (NSW) • Main Roads Department, Queensland • Main Roads Western Australia • Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW • Transport SA This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 05314. Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the public comment period. Keeping Standards up-to-date Australian Standards® are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been published since the Standard was published. Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendments and new projects can be found by visiting www.standards.org.au Standards Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. -
Speed Limits in Work Zones Guidelines October 2014 Table of Contents
Speed Limits in Work Zones Guidelines October 2014 Published by: Office of Traffic, Safety & Technology Office of Construction & Innovative Contracting SPEED LIMITS IN WORK ZONES GUIDELINES OCTOBER 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY CHART ................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 2 THE LAW ............................................................................................... 3 DOCUMENTATION ................................................................................. 4 ADVISORY SPEEDS ............................................................................. 5 WORKERS PRESENT SPEED LIMITS ................................................. 6 24/7 CONSTRUCTION SPEED LIMITS .................................................. 8 HIGHER FINES FOR INPLACE SPEED LIMITS IN WORK ZONES ....... 9 SPEED LIMITS ON DETOURS .............................................................. 10 DYNAMIC SPEED DISPLAY SIGNS ..................................................... 11 EXTRAORDINARY LAW ENFORCEMENT .......................................... 12 APPENDIX: Sample Extraordinary Law Enforcement Request ............................ 15 Sample Workers Present Speed Limit Documentation Form ........... 16 Layouts 1, 2, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4 ................................................................. 17 Dynamic Speed Display Sign Drawing ............................................... 23 The information contained -
A STUDY of WRITING Oi.Uchicago.Edu Oi.Uchicago.Edu /MAAM^MA
oi.uchicago.edu A STUDY OF WRITING oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu /MAAM^MA. A STUDY OF "*?• ,fii WRITING REVISED EDITION I. J. GELB Phoenix Books THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS oi.uchicago.edu This book is also available in a clothbound edition from THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS TO THE MOKSTADS THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO & LONDON The University of Toronto Press, Toronto 5, Canada Copyright 1952 in the International Copyright Union. All rights reserved. Published 1952. Second Edition 1963. First Phoenix Impression 1963. Printed in the United States of America oi.uchicago.edu PREFACE HE book contains twelve chapters, but it can be broken up structurally into five parts. First, the place of writing among the various systems of human inter communication is discussed. This is followed by four Tchapters devoted to the descriptive and comparative treatment of the various types of writing in the world. The sixth chapter deals with the evolution of writing from the earliest stages of picture writing to a full alphabet. The next four chapters deal with general problems, such as the future of writing and the relationship of writing to speech, art, and religion. Of the two final chapters, one contains the first attempt to establish a full terminology of writing, the other an extensive bibliography. The aim of this study is to lay a foundation for a new science of writing which might be called grammatology. While the general histories of writing treat individual writings mainly from a descriptive-historical point of view, the new science attempts to establish general principles governing the use and evolution of writing on a comparative-typological basis. -
English Glgl Be
gl be AlI IPIP Information Pack ALL IRELAND PROGRAMME gl be FOR IMMIGRANT PARENTS Living in Ireland - A Brief Introduction Recreation & 1 6 Social Activities Living in Ireland - Practical 2 Information The Education 5System Legal 3Information The Health & Social Services 4 System ROI English glgl be ALL IRELAND PROGRAMME FOR IMMIGRANT PARENTS glgl be ALL IRELAND PROGRAMME FOR IMMIGRANT PARENTS THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS INFORMATION PACK IS ACCURATE AT THE TIME OF GOING TO PRINT (JUNE 2010). THE VIEWS CONTAINED WITHIN THIS DOCUMENT DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE MEMBERS OR THE PROJECT FUNDERS. gl be AlI IPIP Information Pack ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The design of this information has involved input from a great many sources and we would like to acknowledge their assistance and experience. Firstly, we would like to thank the cross-border funders of the project who gave us the resources to carry it out. Secondly, we would like to thank the members of the Project Management Committee who have all given up much of their time and resources to contribute to this toolkit. Thirdly, we would like to thank our Advisory Committee which is made up of both practitioners and parents from both sides of the border many of whom are themselves immigrant parents. We also extend our appreciation and thanks to all those who commented and added to various sections of the resource pack including Barnardos Tuar Ceatha, the Office of the Minister for Integration, the Inclusion and Diversity Service Northern Ireland, the Health Service Executive and internal commentators within the ISPCC.