SNI Update July 2016 SNI
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CUBA NACIONALES 1. Cuba Crea Fondo Para Financiar La Ciencia
EDITOR: NOEL GONZÁLEZ GOTERA Nueva Serie. Número 167 Diseño: Lic. Roberto Chávez y Liuder Machado. Semana 201214 - 261214 Foto: Lic. Belkis Romeu e Instituto Finlay La Habana, Cuba. CUBA NACIONALES Variadas 1. Cuba crea fondo para financiar la ciencia. Radio Rebelde, 2014.12.17 - 22:16:14 / [email protected] / Sandy Carbonell Ramos… Cuba impulsará el financiamiento de la actividad científica con el funcionamiento a partir de enero próximo del Fondo de Ciencia y Tecnología (FONDIT), informo este miércoles la ministra del sector en la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular. Con la presencia del miembro del Buro Político y Primer Vicepresidente de los Consejos de Estado y de Ministros, Miguel Díaz- Canel Bermúdez, la titular de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente (Citma), Elba Rosa Pérez Montoya, precisó que ese fondo ya existe y será anunciado ante los parlamentarios cubanos. Al intervenir en la Comisión de Educación, Cultura, Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente, Pérez Montoya aseguró que también se ha avanzado en la política del Sistema de Ciencia, cuya propuesta está elaborada y a disposición de la Comisión Permanente de Implementación y Desarrollo de los Lineamientos para su posterior presentación al Consejo de Ministros. Las declaraciones de la ministra respondían además a los planteamientos del diputado por el municipio habanero de La Lisa, Yury Valdés Blandín, quien expuso los criterios de su comisión sobre el 1 reordenamiento de los centros de ciencia e innovación tecnológica, tema central del debate. Valdés Blandín explicó cómo a pesar de los atrasos en este proceso, los señalamientos hechos para su avance también se ven reflejados en el Decreto Ley 323 del CITMA aprobado en agosto último para regir esta tarea. -
Studies in Physics, Brain Science Earn $1 Million Awards 2 June 2016, by Malcolm Ritter
Studies in physics, brain science earn $1 million awards 2 June 2016, by Malcolm Ritter Nine scientists will share three $1 million prizes for More information: Kavli Prizes: discoveries in how the brain can change over time, www.kavliprize.org how to move individual atoms around and how Albert Einstein was right again about the universe. © 2016 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in Oslo on Thursday announced the winners of the Kavli Prizes, which are bestowed once every two years. The prize for astrophysics is shared by Ronald Drever and Kip Thorne of the California Institute of Technology and Rainer Weiss of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They were cited for the first direct detection of gravity waves, tiny ripples that spread through the universe. Einstein had predicted a century ago that the waves exist; the announcement that they'd been observed made headlines in February. The neuroscience prize is shared by Eve Marder of Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, Michael Merzenich of the University of California, San Francisco, and Carla Shatz of Stanford University. They were honored for discoveries in showing how the brain changes during learning and development, even as it keeps some basic stability over time. The prize for nanoscience—the study of structures smaller than bacteria for example—goes to Gerd Binnig of the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in Switzerland, Christoph Gerber of the University of Basel in Switzerland and Calvin Quate of Stanford. They were honored for atomic force microscopy, a technique now widely used that can reveal the arrangement of individual atoms on a surface and remove, add or rearrange them. -
Photonic Crystals
Velkommen I Nanoskolen blir du kjent med nanomaterialer i form av partikler, tråder, filmer og faste materialer. Du lærer også om biologiske nanomaterialer og bruk i medisin, samt hvordan du kan få energi fra nanostrukturer. Timeplan MANDAG TIRSDAG ONSDAG TORSDAG FREDAG Start 8:30: Mottak, Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: registrering, beskjeder (Berzelius) Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Forelesning: Programmerings 9.00 – 9.30 Velkommen, info Nanopartikler Nano med Overflater Solceller med Spesielle Bionano med -teori med 09:00- 9.30 – 10:30 Bli-kjent leker Ola Torunn & egenskaper Elina (Curie) Haakon 11:30 10:30 – 10:45 Pause + Solcelle (Berzelius) Lasse (Berzelius) 10:45 – 11:30 Labboka og + Solcelle + Solcelle Forelesning: intro til Nano Forelesning: Nano med Programmering Nano med Ola med Arduino Ola 11:30- Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek 12:30 12:30-12:45 Felles gange til Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: Forskningsparken/MiNa 12:45-13:45 MiNa/FP (De Forelesning: Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Programmering deles inn i grupper på hvert Nano med Nanopartikler Solceller med Overflater Bionano med Spesielle med Arduino sted som får hver sin Ola Torunn & Elina (Curie) egenskaper 12:30- omvisning) (Berzelius) + Solcelle Lasse + Solcelle 15:00 13:45-14:00 Bytte sted: + Solcelle Avslutning og MiNa/FP Forelesning: evaluering. 14:00-15:00 FP/MiNa (De Nano med deles inn i grupper på hvert Ola sted som -
Nine Scientists Win Kavli Prizes Totaling $3 Million
http://nyti.ms/1RStw1M SCIENCE Nine Scientists Win Kavli Prizes Totaling $3 Million By NICHOLAS ST. FLEUR JUNE 2, 2016 Nine scientists have won this year’s Kavli Prizes for work that detected the echoes of colliding black holes, revealed how adaptable the nervous system is, and created a technique for sculpting structures on the nanoscale. The announcement was made on Thursday by the Norwegian Academy of Science Letters in Oslo, and was live-streamed to a watching party in New York as a part of the World Science Festival. The three prizes, each worth $1 million and split among the recipients, are awarded in astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience every two years. They are named for Fred Kavli, a Norwegian- American inventor, businessman and philanthropist who started the awards in 2008 and died in 2013. The astrophysics prize went to Rainer Weiss from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Ronald W.P. Drever from the California Institute of Technology and Kip S. Thorne, also from Caltech, for directly detecting gravitational waves. While using the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in September of last year, they observed wiggles in space-time that were first theorized by Albert Einstein in 1916, opening a new window on the universe. “The real credit for this goes to the whole LIGO team,” said Dr. Thorne, who attended the viewing party in New York with Dr. Weiss. “I wouldn’t be here without the people who started it, and it would not have succeeded without this team of a thousand people who made it happen.” The winners of the nanoscience prize are Gerd Binnig, formerly a member of the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in Switzerland; Christoph Gerber from the University of Basel in Switzerland; and Calvin Quate from Stanford. -
Biophysical Measurements of Cells, Microtubules, and DNA with an Atomic Force Microscope
Biophysical Measurements of Cells, Microtubules, and DNA with an Atomic Force Microscope Luka M. Devenica, Clay Contee, Raysa Cabrejo, and Matthew Kurek Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002 Edward F. Deveney Department of Physics, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, MA 02325 Ashley R. Carter† Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002 (Dated: December 14, 2014) Abstract Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are ubiquitous in research laboratories and have recently been priced for use in teaching laboratories. Here we review several AFM platforms (Dimension 3000 by Digital Instruments, EasyScan2 by Nanosurf, ezAFM by Nanomagnetics, and TKAFM by Thorlabs) and describe various biophysical experiments that could be done in the teaching laboratory using these instruments. In particular, we focus on experiments that image biological materials and quantify biophysical parameters: 1) imaging cells to determine membrane tension, 2) imaging microtubules to determine their persistence length, 3) imaging the random walk of DNA molecules to determine their contour length, and 4) imaging stretched DNA molecules to measure the tensional force. 1 I. INTRODUCTION Today, we rely on computing devices that have manufactured chips with specific atomic- scale properties. However, in the early 1980’s atomic-scale surface science and materials research was just underway at IBM. The computing giant was investing heavily in basic research and hired a team of researchers: Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer, Christoph Gerber, and Edi Weibel, to perform local spectroscopy of surfaces using the elusive technique of electron tunneling.1 After demonstrating that electrons could tunnel from a sharp, conducting probe through a vacuum to a nearby metal surface, they began to use the conducting probe to map the local properties.2,3 Scanning this conducting probe revealed incredibly sharp images of the surface, leading to the discovery of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the 1986 Nobel Prize for Binnig and Rohrer. -
Representation in Scientific Practice Revisited Inside Technology Edited by Wiebe E
Representation in Scientific Practice Revisited Inside Technology edited by Wiebe E. Bijker, W. Bernard Carlson, and Trevor Pinch A list of books in the series appears at the back of the book. Representation in Scientific Practice Revisited edited by Catelijne Coopmans, Janet Vertesi, Michael Lynch, and Steve Woolgar The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2014 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or me- chanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) with- out permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email [email protected]. This book was set in Stone Sans and Stone Serif by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited, Hong Kong. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Representation in scientifi c practice revisited / edited by Catelijne Coopmans, Janet Vertesi, Michael Lynch, and Steve Woolgar. pages cm. — (Inside technology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-52538-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Research — Methodology. 2. Science — Methodology. 3. Technology — Methodology. I. Coopmans, Catelijne, 1976 – editor of compilation. Q180.55.M4R455 2014 502.2 ′ 2 — dc23 2013014968 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Preface vii Michael Lynch and Steve Woolgar 1 Introduction: Representation in Scientific Practice Revisited 1 Catelijne Coopmans, Janet Vertesi, Michael Lynch, and Steve Woolgar Chapters 2 Drawing as : Distinctions and Disambiguation in Digital Images of Mars 15 Janet Vertesi 3 Visual Analytics as Artful Revelation 37 Catelijne Coopmans 4 Digital Scientific Visuals as Fields for Interaction 61 Morana Alač 5 Swimming in the Joint 89 Rachel Prentice 6 Chalk: Materials and Concepts in Mathematics Research 107 Michael J. -
Vol-Iv May 2021
VOL-IV MAY 2021 INDEX 1. Glossary by Haripriya Bangaru 2. Headlines by Akshata Bhat 3. Timeline by Shreya Thaplyal 4. Women-in-Tech Blog by Saipriya Rajagopal and Ishita Chauhan 5. Learning Guide by Harika Naishadham 6. Myth Buster by Muskan Bansal 7. Gizmo by Tisha Chawla 8. Summary by Anjali Jha 9. FAQs by Shivani Ravishankar 10. Spotlight by Suhasini Shrivastava 11. Performers of the Month by Vasundhara Polya THEME- NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanotechnology is the study of particles- molecules, atoms, and sub atoms at the nanoscale (10^-9 metres- represented by nm). On a scale of comparison, human hair is about 80 000 nm. Nanoparticles are broadly classified into 0D (general nanoparticles), 1D(nanorod), 2D(nanofilm), and 3D(bulk powder) GLOSSARY 1. Bottom-up Also called self-assembly, larger objects are constructed using smaller units (atoms, molecules, etc.). It is a representation of biological systems that create clusters of atoms or molecules using chemical covalent bonds. 2. Positional synthesis It is the controlling of chemical reactions by the careful positioning of the reactive molecules. 3. Photolithography It is an optical microfabrication process that uses light to etch patterns on thin film or the bulk of a substrate (i.e. wafers) using a light-sensitive resin. This is used in the making of integrated circuits. 4. Fullerenes They are an allotrope of carbon, spherical. They consist of carbon atoms that are interconnected by single and double bonds to form closed meshes. 5. Molecular recognition It is the operation where molecules adhere in a certain form to generate a larger structure and is useful in the processes of nanotechnology. -
Nanoscientific Magazine 2019 Summer
NANOscientificVOL 17 SUMMER 2019 The Magazine for NanoScience and Technology RESPONSIVE HYDROGEL ADVANTAGES OF HIGH COATINGS FROM PECTIN VACUUM FOR ELECTRICAL POLYSACCHARIDES EXTRACTED SCANNING PROBE FROM ORANGE PEELS MICROSCOPY p. 11 AND CACTI p. 8 UTILIZATION OF SINGLE PARTICLE ICP-MS ANALYSIS FOR NANOPARTICLE PROBING THE REDUCTION IN INTERSECTION SEMICONDUCTOR OF NANOSCIENCE FABRICATION p. 18 AND BIOLOGY p. 14 NANOSCALE VACUUM CHANNEL TRANSISTOR ON SILICON AND SILICON CARBIDE p. 15 NEUTRINO ASTROPHYSICS p. 20 The Most Accurate Atomic Force Microscope To learn more about Park NX10 or to schedule a demo please visit www.parksystems.com/nx10 or email [email protected] A TRIBUTE TO TABLE CALVIN F. QUATE OF CONTENTS (1923–2019) NanoScientific Vol 17 Summer 2019 Figure 2: Au (60nm) NP Standard SEM image Message from Editor 5 A Tribute to Dr. Calvin Quate (1923-2019) 5 Keibock Lee, My Memories of Dr. Quate, Franz J. Glessibl p. 8 Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ken Nakajima Tokyo Institute of Technology: Using AFM for ISO in 7 Surface Chemistry Responsive Hydrogel Coatings From Pectin Polysaccharides Extracted 8 From Orange Peels and Cacti - Zeinab Veisi, Norma Alcantar, Ryan Toomey, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of So. Florida Advantages of High Vacuum for Electrical Scanning Probe Microscopy 11 Jonathan Ludwig, Marco Mascaro, Umberto Celano, Wilfried Vandervorst, MESSAGE Kristof Paredis, imec, Leuven, Belgium p. 18 FROM EDITOR Probing the Intersection of NanoScience and Biology 14 Dr. Quate is best known for his role in Dr. Nathional Cady, Professor of NanoBioscience SUNY Polytechnic Welcome to our Summer Issue of NanoScientific. co-developing the atomic force Nanoscale Vacuum Channel Transistor on Silicon and Silicon Carbide 15 microscope (AFM) in the 1980’s with Dr. -
Thomas Ebbesen, Physical Chemist, Awarded the CNRS Gold Medal For
PRESS RELEASE - PARIS – July 3, 2019 Thomas Ebbesen, physical chemist, awarded the CNRS Gold Medal for 2019 This year’s CNRS Gold Medal, one of France’s most prestigious scientific prize, has been awarded to the Franco-Norwegian physical chemist Thomas Ebbesen. He specializes in nanosciences, a cross-disciplinary field that covers a variety of scientific areas that include carbon materials, optics, nano-photonics and molecular chemistry. His discoveries have notably enabled technological breakthroughs in optoelectronics for optical communications and biosensors. As Professor at the University of Strasbourg, he headed the Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, CNRS/University of Strasbourg) until 2012. He is currently Director of the University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS). Thomas Ebbesen was born on 30 January 1954 in Oslo, Norway. After receiving a bachelor’s degree from Oberlin College (USA), he completed his PhD in physical photochemistry in 1980 at the University Pierre & Marie Curie in Paris. The following year, he joined University of Notre Dame in Indiana (USA) and developed collaborations with Japan, and notably with Tsukuba University. In 1988 he settled in Japan, working in the research laboratory at NEC, the industrial computer and telecommunications giant. In 1996, Jean-Marie Lehn, winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1987, convinced him to join his team at the Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, CNRS/University of Strasbourg) and he became Professor at Strasbourg University while continuing to maintain strong links with the NEC laboratories in Japan and Princeton (USA). In 2005, he took over from Jean-Marie Lehn as Director of ISIS, and held this position until 2012 when he was succeeded by Paolo Samori. -
Anniversary Issues
editorial Anniversary issues March and April of this year mark the anniversary of a number of key discoveries in the history of nanotechnology. In March 1986, the atomic force microscope experiment of the field came later. In (AFM) was introduced by Gerd Binnig, April 1991, Seeman and Junghuei Chen Calvin Quate and Christoph Gerber with a reported building a cube-like molecular paper in the journal Physical Review Letters complex from DNA using a combination titled simply ‘Atomic force microscope’1. of branched junctions and single- This was 5 years (to the month) after stranded ‘sticky’ ends12. A range of the precursor to the AFM, the scanning significant advances soon followed, tunnelling microscope (STM), had first from 2D DNA arrays to DNA-based been successfully tested at IBM’s Zurich nanomechanical devices. Research Laboratory by Binnig and the Then, in March 2006, the field late Heinrich Rohrer, and 7 months before APS of structural DNA nanotechnology Binnig and Rohrer were awarded a share Schematic of the principle of the AFM from the experienced another decisive moment: of the Nobel Prize in Physics for the design original paper by Binnig and colleagues1. Paul Rothemund reported the development of the STM (the prize was shared with of DNA origami13. This technique involves Ernst Ruska, the inventor of the electron folding a long single strand of DNA into microscope). Achieving atomic resolution This continuing evolution can be seen a predetermined shape with the help of with the AFM proved more difficult than in the field of high-speed atomic force short ‘staple’ strands. -
Characterization and Morphology of Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Filled Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Composite
Chapter 6 Characterization and Morphology of Modified Multi- Walled Carbon Nanotubes Filled Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Composite Mou'ad A. Tarawneh and Sahrim Hj. Ahmad Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/50726 1. Introduction Carbon nanotubes describes a specific topic within solid-state physics, but is also of interest in other sciences like chemistry or biology. Actually the topic has floating boundaries, because we are at the molecule level. In the recent years carbon nanotubes have become more and more popular to the scientists. Initially, it was the spectacularly electronic properties, that were the basis for the great interest, but eventually other remarkable properties were also discovered. The first CNTs were prepared by M. Endo in 1978, as part of his PhD studies at the Universi‐ ty of Orleans in France. Although he produced very small diameter filaments (about 7 nm) using a vapour-growth technique, these fibers were not recognized as nanotubes and were not studied systematically. It was only after the discovery of fullerenes, C60, in 1985 that re‐ searchers started to explore carbon structures further. In 1991, when the Japanese electron microscopist Sumio Iijima [1] observed CNTs, the field really started to advance. He was studying the material deposited on the cathode during the arc-evaporation synthesis of full‐ erenes and came across CNTs. A short time later, Thomas Ebbesen and Pulickel Ajayan, from Iijima's lab, showed how nanotubes could be produced in bulk quantities by varying the arc-evaporation conditions. However, the standard arc-evaporation method only pro‐ duced only multiwall nanotubes. -
Carbon Nanotubes As Molecular Quantum Wires
CARBON NANOTUBES AS MOLECULAR QUANTUM WIRES arbon nanotubes1 are cylin- The long cylindrical fullerenes called ers at Rice University found a Cdrical molecules with a di- laser ablation technique that ameter of as little as 1 carbon nanotubes are the smallest could produce single-wall nanometer and a length up to metallic wires yet made. A flurry of nanotubes at yields of up to 80% many micrometers. They con- instead of the few percent yields sist of only carbon atoms, and recent experiments is revealing the of early experiments.4 The can essentially be thought of as quantum properties of electron tubes are formed with a narrow a single layer of graphite that transport along these molecular wires. distribution of diameters and has been wrapped into a cylin- generally assemble into der. (See figure 1 and the article “ropes”—bundles of parallel by Thomas Ebbesen in PHYSICS Cees Dekker nanotubes (see figure 2). Later, TODAY, June 1996, page 26). Catherine Journet and her col- Nanotubes have aroused great excitement recently. leagues in Patrick Bernier’s group at the University of What is so special about them? The answer lies in their Montpellier II in France showed that high yields of sin- unique physical properties, which span a wide gle-wall nanotubes can also be obtained with the range—from structural to electronic. For example, arc-discharge method. A recent development is the use of nanotubes have a light weight and a record-high elastic chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in which nanotubes are modulus, and they are predicted to be by far the strongest grown by decomposing an organic gas over a substrate fibers that can be made.