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Orthography of Early Chinese Writing: Evidence from Newly Excavated Manuscripts
IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS BUDAPEST MONOGRAPHS IN EAST ASIAN STUDIES SERIES EDITOR: IMRE HAMAR IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES, EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY BUDAPEST 2006 The present volume was published with the support of the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation. © Imre Galambos, 2006 ISBN 963 463 811 2 ISSN 1787-7482 Responsible for the edition: Imre Hamar Megjelent a Balassi Kiadó gondozásában (???) A nyomdai munkálatokat (???)a Dabas-Jegyzet Kft. végezte Felelős vezető Marosi Györgyné ügyvezető igazgató CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. vii Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE FORMER UNDERSTANDINGS ..................................................................................... 11 1.1 Traditional views ........................................................................................... 12 1.1.1 Ganlu Zishu ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.2 Hanjian .............................................................................................. 15 1.2 Modern views ................................................................................................ 20 1.2.1 Noel Barnard ..................................................................................... -
Transfer of Buddhism Across Central Asian Networks (7Th to 13Th Centuries)
Transfer of Buddhism Across Central Asian Networks (7th to 13th Centuries) Edited by Carmen Meinert LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents Acknowledgements vii List of Illustrations, Maps and Tables viii General Abbreviations xi Bibliographical Abbreviations xii Notes on Contributors xiv Introduction—Dynamics of Buddhist Transfer in Central Asia 1 Carmen Meinert Changing Political and Religious Contexts in Central Asia on a Micro-Historical Level 1 Changing Relations between Administration, Clergy and Lay People in Eastern Central Asia: A Case Study according to the Dunhuang Manuscripts Referring to the Transition from Tibetan to Local Rule in Dunhuang, 8th–11th Centuries 19 Gertraud Taenzer Textual Transfer 2 Tibetan Buddhism in Central Asia: Geopolitics and Group Dynamics 57 Sam van Schaik 3 The Transmission of Sanskrit Manuscripts from India to Tibet: The Case of a Manuscript Collection in the Possession of Atiśa Dīpaṃkaraśrījñāna (980–1054) 82 Kazuo Kano Visual Transfer 4 The Tibetan Himalayan Style: Considering the Central Asian Connection 121 Linda Lojda, Deborah Klimburg-Salter and Monica Strinu For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV vi contents 5 Origins of the Kashmiri Style in the Western Himalayas: Sculpture of the 7th–11th Centuries 147 Rob Linrothe Transfer Agents 6 Buddhism in the West Uyghur Kingdom and Beyond 191 Jens Wilkens 7 Esoteric Buddhism at the Crossroads: Religious Dynamics at Dunhuang, 9th–10th Centuries 250 Henrik H. Sørensen Bibliography 285 Index 320 For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Chapter 2 Tibetan Buddhism in Central Asia: Geopolitics and Group Dynamics Sam van Schaik 1 Introduction1 Tibetan Buddhism has played an important role in Asian politics from the 8th century to the present day. -
Chinese History ୯ᅢṏྍᏟษ
VOLUME 5 | ISSUE 2 | JULY 2021 | ISSN 2059-1632 . https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms journal of CHINESE HISTORY , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at ₼⦚㸆⚁⸇⒙ 01 Oct 2021 at 17:13:18 , on 170.106.202.58 . IP address: https://www.cambridge.org/core https://doi.org/10.1017/jch.2021.13 Downloaded from JOURNAL OF CHINESE HISTORY ୯ᅢṎྍᏟษ . EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Patricia Ebrey, University of Washington, USA ASSOCIATE EDITORS Pre-Tang, Ming Qing, Robin McNeal, Kenneth Hammond, Cornell, USA New Mexico State University, USA Tang-Song-Yuan, Twentieth Century, https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms Beverly Bossler, Zhao Ma, University of California, USA Washington University, St. Louis, USA EDITORIAL BOARD Pre-Tang Johan Elverskog, Southern Methodist Reinhard Emmerich, University of Münster, University, USA Germany David Faure, Chinese University of Li Feng, Columbia University, USA Hong Kong, China Erica Fox Brindley, Pennsylvania State Chin-sheng Huang, Academia Sinica, Taiwan University Dorothy Ko, Barnard College, USA Charles Holcombe, University of Northern Kenneth Pomeranz, University of Chicago, Iowa, USA USA Mu-chou Poo, University of Hong Kong, David Robinson, Colgate College, USA Hong Kong Dagmar Schäfer, Max Planck Institute for the Roel Sterckx, University of Cambridge, UK History of Science, Germany , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at Robin Yates, McGill University, Canada Sarah Schneewind, University of California, Jender Lee, Academia Sinica, Taiwan San Diego, USA Matthew Sommer, Stanford University, -
Early Chinese Texts: a Bibliographical Guide
THE EARLY CHINA SPECIAL MONOGRAPH SERIES announces EARLY CHINESE TEXTS: A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL GUIDE Edited by MICHAEL LOEWE This book will include descriptive notices on sixty-four literary works written or compiled before the end of the Han dynasty. Contributions by leading scholars from the United States and Europe summarize the subject matter and contents, present con clusions regarding authorship, authenticity and textual history, and indicate outstanding problems that await solution. Each item is supported by lists of traditional and modern editions, com mentaries, translations and research aids. Publication is planned for the late spring, 1993. The book will be available from the Institute of East Asian Studies, Berkeley, for $35, and in Europe through Sinobiblia for £20 (or the equivalent ECU). Please direct orders to: Publications Sinobiblia Institute of East Asian Studies 15 Durham Road University of California Harrow, Middx. 2223 Fulton Street HA1 4PG Berkeley CA 94720 United Kingdom Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.22, on 24 Sep 2021 at 16:16:53, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0362502800003631 itMM,mwiffi&2.m... w&mm Birdtrack Press We specialize in setting the type for sinological publications integrating Chinese characters with alphabetic text: Birdtrack Press offers camera-ready copy of good quality at reasonable cost. We know how to include the special features sinologists require, such as non-standard diacritics and custom characters. We can meet publishers' page specifications, and are happy to discuss technical issues with design and production staff. -
Sir Gerard Clauson and His Skeleton Tangut Dictionary Imre Galambos
Sir Gerard Clauson and his Skeleton Tangut Dictionary Imre Galambos Sir Gerard Leslie Makins Clauson (1891–1974) worked most of his life as a civil servant and conducted academic research in his spare time.1 Only after retiring in 1951 at the age of 60 was he able to devote his full attention to scholarly endeavours, which were primarily focussed on Turkish languages. Thus as a scholar, today he is primarily remembered for his contribution to Turkish studies, and his Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish is still an essential reference tool in the field.2 Yet in addition to his study of Turkish and Mongolian linguistics, he also worked on a number of other Asian languages, including Tangut. Even though his extensive list of publications includes a small number of items related to Tangut studies,3 he devoted an incredible amount of time and effort to studying the language and to compiling a dictionary. He never finished the dictionary but deposited a draft version along with his notes in seven large volumes at the Library of the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), so that they would be available to anyone who wished to study Tangut and perhaps continue his research. Eric Grinstead, who used the dictionary when working on the Tangut manuscripts at the British Museum, called it “a paragon of excellence” in comparison with high level of errors in dictionaries available at the time.4 Indeed, the erudition of Clauson’s dictionary is obvious even upon a cursory look at the manuscript version and had it ever been published, it would have undoubtedly made a major impact on scholarship. -
The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history. -
The Chinese Communist Party: a Century in Ten Lives
China Research Seminar Series (Easter Term 2021) FAMES, University of Cambridge Panel Discussion with Co-Editors of New Book The Chinese Communist Party: A Century in Ten Lives Timothy Cheek (University of British Columbia) Klaus Mühlhahn (Zeppelin University) Hans van de Ven (University of Cambridge) 5pm (London time), 20 May, 2021 (Thursday) via Zoom (pre-registration required) Please register in advance for this event: https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJEodeiprzsjHtYr3v07zfHMhXF4Iz0uosbY After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the event. China Research Seminar Series (Easter Term 2021) FAMES, University of Cambridge Book Description On 1 July, the PRC will commemorate the founding of the Chinese Communist Party one hundred years ago. The Chinese Communist Party: A Century in Ten Lives documents this century, not by examining CCP policy, CCP campaigns, or CCP factional strife, but by telling the lives of ten of its members, one for each decade of its existence, to provide a mosaic of what it was like to live in, for, with, and under the Party. They range from intellectual figures such as Wang Shiwei, the Yan'an rebel rouser, and economic reformer Zhao Ziyang to 1950s movie star Shangguan Yunzhu and the disillusioned but still loyal intellectual Wang Yuanhua, who critiqued the party in the 1990s. With contribution from Europe, the PRC, the USA, and Canada, the editors hope that the book provides a realistic sense of the diversity of the CCP, the hopes and disappointments its members have experienced, the presence it has had in their lives, and its remarkable ability to learn from its past mistakes. -
Cheng, Prefinal2.Indd
ru in han times anne cheng What Did It Mean to Be a Ru in Han Times? his paper is not meant to break new ground, but essentially to pay T homage| to Michael Loewe. All those who have touched upon Han studies must acknowledge an immense intellectual debt to his work. I have had the great privilege of being his student at Cambridge back in the early 1980s while I was writing my doctoral thesis on He Xiu and the Later Han “jinwen jingxue վ֮ᆖᖂ.” Along with his vast ۶ٖ knowledge about the Han period, he has kept giving me much more over the years: his unfailing support, his human warmth, and wisdom. All this, alas, has not transformed me into what I ought to have be- come: a disciple worthy of the master. The few general considerations I am about to submit about what it meant to be a ru ᕢ in the Han pe- riod call forth an immediate analogy. I would tend to view myself as a “vulgar ru,” as opposed to authentic ones such as the great sinologists who have taught me. Jacques Gernet, who is also one of them, asked me once half teas- ingly whether one could actually talk about an existing Confucianism as early as the Han. His opinion was that what is commonly called Neo-Confucianism from the Song onwards should actually be consid- ered as the earliest form of Confucianism. Conversely, in an article on ᆖ, Michael Nylan and Nathan Sivinخ֜ Yang Xiong’s ཆႂ Taixuan jing described the new syntheses of beliefs prevalent among leading think- ers of the Han as “the first Neo-Confucianism,”1 meaning that “what sinologists call the ‘Confucianism’ of that time decisively rejected cru- cial parts of ‘Confucius’s Way.’ Its revisionism is as great in scope as that of the Song.”2 I here thank the anonymous referees for their critical remarks on my paper and apologize for failing, due to lack of time and availability, to make all the necessary revisions. -
Karaoke Songs As at 26 August 2013
Updated | 30th August 2013 Please Note | Please select songs from the weekly updated SongBook on our Maori Television Website TKS No. SONG TITLE IN THE STYLE OF 16726 3:00 AM Busted 24126 6:00 AM Rahsaan Patterson 25171 12:51 Strokes 26262 22 Taylor Swift 14082 1234 Fiest 13575 1973 James Blunt 26532 1 2 Step Remix Force M Ds 24700 1 Thing Amerie 24896 1.2 Step Ciara/ Missy Elliott 23647 10 Seconds Jazmine Sullivan 26149 1000 Miles Away Hoodoo Gurus 25720 15 Minutes Rodney Atkins 15784 15 Minutes Of Shame Kristy Lee Cook 15689 16 @ War Karina 18260 18 Til I Die Bryan Adams 23540 19 And Crazy Bomshell 18846 1901.. Phoenix 1 1979.. Smashing Pumpkins 23643 1983.. Neon Trees 24878 1985.. Bowling For Soup 25193 1985.. Bowling For Soup 2165 19th Nervous Breakdown Rolling Stones 25519 2 Become 1 Jewel 13117 2 Become 1 Spice Girls 18506 2 Hearts Kylie Minogue 16068 2 Step Dj Unk 17028 2000 Miles Pretenders 17999 20th Century Boy T Rex 18730 21 Guns Green Day 24005 21 Today Piano Singalong 18670 22.. Lily Allen 3285 24 Hours From Tulsa Gene Pitney 16318 24 Hours From Tulsa Gene Pitney 17057 2-4-6-8 Motorway Tom Robinson Band 25660 24's Richgirl/ Bun B 24638 24's T. I. 18841 3.. Britney Spears 10951 32 Flavors Alana Davis 26519 365 Days Zz Ward 26519 365 Days Zz Ward 1 Updated | 30th August 2013 Please Note | Please select songs from the weekly updated SongBook on our Maori Television Website 15938 37 Stitches Drowning Pool 15044 4 In The Morning Gwen Stefani 21410 4 The Lovers Arika Kane 25150 45. -
Buddhist Adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism First Entered China
Buddhist adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism first entered China through Silk Road. Blue-eyed Central Asian monk teaching East-Asian monk. A fresco from the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, dated to the 9th century; although Albert von Le Coq (1913) assumed the blue-eyed, red-haired monk was a Tocharian,[1] modern scholarship has identified similar Caucasian figures of the same cave temple (No. 9) as ethnic Sogdians,[2] an Eastern Iranian people who inhabited Turfan as an ethnic minority community during the phases of Tang Chinese (7th- 8th century) and Uyghur rule (9th-13th century).[3] Buddhism entered Han China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE.[4][5] The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China (all foreigners) were in the 2nd century CE under the influence of the expansion of the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin under Kanishka.[6][7] These contacts brought Gandharan Buddhist culture into territories adjacent to China proper. Direct contact between Central Asian and Chinese Buddhism continued throughout the 3rd to 7th century, well into the Tang period. From the 4th century onward, with Faxian's pilgrimage to India (395–414), and later Xuanzang (629–644), Chinese pilgrims started to travel by themselves to northern India, their source of Buddhism, in order to get improved access to original scriptures. Much of the land route connecting northern India (mainly Gandhara) with China at that time was ruled by the Kushan Empire, and later the Hephthalite Empire. The Indian form of Buddhist tantra (Vajrayana) reached China in the 7th century. -
An English Boy in Chinese Turkestan: the Story of Orlando Hobbs
An English Boy in Chinese Turkestan: The Story of Orlando Hobbs Imre Galambos During the first decades of the 20th century, Chinese Central Asia became the scene for archaeological enterprises led by foreign explorers and scholars. Besides exploration carried out by leading European powers, the Japanese also joined the race for antiquities with a series of ambitious expeditions organized by Count Ōtani Kōzui 大谷光瑞 (1876–1948), the head of one of Japan’s largest Buddhist organizations. The last of these expeditions was lead by a young monk called Tachibana Zuichō 橘瑞超 (1890–1968), coming to Central Asia from London with a 16-year old English assistant, Orlando Hobbs (1894–1911). Within a few months of their arrival, however, Hobbs contracted smallpox and died. Although practically nothing was known about who this teenage boy was and where he came from, the accidental discovery of his alma mater in the town of Swindon (Wiltshire) made it possible to locate some unknown material related to the expedition. This paper presents this material and points out its significance for the study of the history of Japanese exploration of Central Asia. In addition, Hobbs’ background provides a glimpse of the human side of these events. 1 Tachibana and the Ōtani Expeditions The ‘Great Game’ played between Britain and Russia for dominance over Central Asia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries is a fascinating episode in modern history. One of the last regions where British and Russian interests 82 SOS 10 · 1 (2011) clashed was China’s westernmost province of Xinjiang 新疆 (‘New Dominion’),1 at the time commonly known in Western literature as Chinese Turkestan. -
Journal Abbreviations
256 Journal Abbreviations AM: Asia Major AP: Asian Philosophy AS: Asiatische Studien / Études Asiatiques BIHP: Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology (Academia Sinica) BMFEA: Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities BSOAS: Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies EC: Early China HJAS: Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies JAAR: Journal of the American Academy of Religion JAOS: Journal of the American Oriental Society JAS: Journal of Asian Studies JBL: Journal of Biblical Literature JCP: Journal of Chinese Philosophy JCR: Journal of Chinese Religions JEAA: Journal of East Asian Archaeology JTS: Journal of Theological Studies MS: Monumenta Serica NT: Novum Testamentum NTS: New Testament Studies OE: Oriens Extremus PEW: Philosophy East and West TP: T’oung Pao WSP: Warring States Papers Frequently Cited Monographs and Series William H Baxter. A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology. Mouton 1992 BD:MichaelLoewe.ABiographicalDictionaryoftheQin...Brill2000 BDAG: Frederick William Danker. A Greek-English Lexicon...1957; 3ed Chicago 2000 E Bruce Brooks and A Taeko Brooks. The Original Analects. Columbia 1998 CHAC: Michael Loewe et al (ed). Cambridge History of Early China. Cambridge 1999 Chye!nMu". !!!! . !!!!!!!!!!!!!! . 2ed Hong Kong 1956 ECT: Michael Loewe (ed). Early Chinese Texts. SSEC 1993 GSB: Gu#-shr# Bye"n !!!!!! 1926-1941 GSR: Bernhard Karlgren. Grammata Serica Recensa. BMFEA v29 (1957) 1-332 HK: [The Chinese University of Hong Kong ICS concordances] HY: [The Harvard-Yenching concordances] Bernhard Karlgren. [The appropriate gloss or translation in BMFEA] James Legge. [The appropriate volume of James Legge’s Chinese Classics or SBE series] Jv"ng Lya!ng-shu" !!!!!!. !!!!!!!!!!.3v!!!!1984 Ma# Gwo!-ha"n !!!!!!.