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Tū Ake Ngā Uri O Muriwai: Understanding Key Factors That Lead to the Success of Rangatahi Māori from Ōpōtiki

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Tū Ake Ngā Uri O Muriwai: Understanding Key Factors That Lead to the Success of Rangatahi Māori from Ōpōtiki Tū ake ngā uri o Muriwai: Understanding Key Factors that Lead to the Success of Rangatahi Māori from Ōpōtiki Toiroa Williams An exegesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2016 Te Ara Poutama – Faculty of Māori and Indigenous Development Dedication For my grandfather Te Ropiha Williams and my godmother Whiro Governor Both of these members of my whānau held mana within Te Whakatōhea and Ngāi Tai and worked strongly within their community and for their rangatahi. ii Abstract Ōpōtiki is a small rural town in the Eastern Bay of Plenty with a large Māori population. The town also has one of the largest youth populations, by percentage, in New Zealand. The aim of this research was to look at the rural community of Ōpōtiki and to understand the significant factors behind the success of rangatahi Māori (Māori youth) from this particular community. This research provides knowledge that will inform the whole community about nurturing these unique success factors so that they can contribute to a greater success rate of rangatahi within the community. The research is presented in two parts: a written component and an artefact - a 30-minute documentary about rangatahi Māori who grew up in Ōpōtiki. The written section of this thesis answers the question: “What factors lead to the success of rangatahi Māori from Ōpōtiki?” It also explores te ao Māori (the Māori world-view) in relation to the methodology. Finally, it provides an in-depth analysis of the documentary findings relating to the research question. The documentary (artefact) involved a select number of participants from various backgrounds - teachers, youth workers, and wider community members - in one-on- one interviews. These were then compiled and edited to develop the documentary. The interview questions were designed to examine the variables that contributed to the achievements of rangatahi Māori from Ōpōtiki, and the visual component provides an insight into their lives and what they, themselves, believe has made them successful. This thesis critically examines the success factors in the lives of rangatahi Māori who have been acknowledged as high achievers in their respective fields. iii Table of Contents Dedication ................................................................................................................ ii Abstract .................................................................................................................. iii Figures ................................................................................................................... vii Tables .................................................................................................................... vii Attestation of Authorship ...................................................................................... viii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. ix Preface .................................................................................................................. xiii Use of the Māori language .................................................................................... xiii Thesis Title ............................................................................................................ xiii Documentary Format ............................................................................................ xiv Chapter Outline ..................................................................................................... xiv Chapter One ............................................................................................................. 1 Research Methodology .................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Māori World View .......................................................................................................... 2 Indigenous Methodologies ............................................................................................. 2 Taha Tinana: The Physical Domain ................................................................................. 5 Taha Hinengaro: The Domain of Thoughts and Feelings ................................................ 5 Taha Whānau: The Social Domain .................................................................................. 6 Taha Wairua: The Sacred or Spiritual Domain ............................................................... 6 The Design ...................................................................................................................... 7 Indigenous Research Ethics .......................................................................................... 10 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter Two ........................................................................................................... 13 Overview of the literature ............................................................................................ 13 iv ‘Success’ from a Māori world view ............................................................................... 13 Rangatahi Māori: An overview ..................................................................................... 15 Ōpōtiki: An overview .................................................................................................... 19 Rangatahi in Ōpōtiki ..................................................................................................... 23 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 28 Chapter Three ........................................................................................................ 30 Documentary Methodology ......................................................................................... 30 Participant Information ................................................................................................ 31 Interview 1: Rachel Paul ............................................................................................... 31 Interview 2: Awhina Kurei ............................................................................................ 32 Interview 3: James Rolleston ........................................................................................ 32 Interview 4: Robyn Abraham-Harris ............................................................................. 33 Interview 5: Janelle Dymus-Kurei ................................................................................. 34 Interview 6: Mania Campbell-Seymour ........................................................................ 35 Method for the Documentary ...................................................................................... 36 Suggested Films ............................................................................................................ 38 Pre-production ............................................................................................................. 40 Production .................................................................................................................... 41 Post-production ........................................................................................................... 44 Chapter Four .......................................................................................................... 49 Findings ........................................................................................................................ 49 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 57 Chapter Five ........................................................................................................... 58 Final Summary .............................................................................................................. 58 Exegesis Summary ........................................................................................................ 58 Contributions to the Field ............................................................................................ 60 Further Research .......................................................................................................... 60 Final Summary .............................................................................................................. 61 References .................................................................................................................... 62 v Personal Communications (interviews) ........................................................................ 66 vi Figures Figure 1: Te Whare Tapa Whā Wharenui Model ....................................................... 4 Figure 2: Te Whare Tapa Whā Kupu Model ............................................................... 4 Figure 3: Waingōhia Success Model ......................................................................... 8 Figure 4: The Harakeke Whānau ............................................................................ 14 Figure 5: New Zealand Bay of Plenty Map .............................................................. 21 Figure
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