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Home , Aotearoa (canoe), Aotea (canoe), Arawa (canoe), Hawaiki, Horouta, Kupe

the story behind the legend of the seven maori and the descending maori chieffchiefs by vernice pere

the migration legend of the coming of the maori to grandfather whatongaWhatonga also made it to new zealand where he was reunited in a great fleet of seven voyaging canoes has its origin in ancient with his grandfather and both men settled there permanently inter chants As in other claims laid against oral historical evidence the tarryingmarrying with the tangatatrangata hhenuawhenua legend has its detractors some refute the idea 0off a migratoryemigratory fleet the great fleet legend persists today and tribes still trace their of canoes usually laying claim to descent froafromaroa an earlier single lineage to crew members of certain canoes in the fleet the legend voyage that establishes their older history in the new land and hence dates this major migration at 1350 JUAD it is thought that conflict arlierearlier claim to land titles in hawaikiprawaiki promptedted the exodus for theubausa purpose of colonizing kupes upe is named as the maori discoverer of new zealand in about known land far to the south these clocanoes wrwerewazewarm gilwllnellnelivell fcockdstacked vitawitawith pre-pro- thethath riddlekiddlemiddlemiddie of the tenth century I11 behe returned to HaKawaiki the ancestral visions for the voyage and also with foods for cultivation in the home of the maori thought to be raiateaRaiatea in but described only as MMW land songs chants and ancient poetry record the names of these central by te rangi hiroo the famous maori anthropologist canoes buck points out however thatthadthat22 be relates that kupes sailing direction in the lunar month of november the fame of particular canoes depends upon whether not they harehavehayehage been recorded in song and 2 or december was a little to the left of the setting sun and that tozytorystoryatoryetory by bards and historians A continuity of do- minant chiefs and supporters is further required to flofrompro various traditions there is little doubt bring the record down to modern times 4 that subsequent voyages were made on these sail- ing direction that were handed down orally in poly- the seven canoes named in most chants as comprising the great nesia 0 3S heelneelfleetneet aresores te hataatnaHatamataatuamataetnaatna komarutokomaruTotoyomaruTokoaarumaru takitioutakitimutakitumuTakitioucloutimulimu kurahaupo buck further suggests that voyagervoyagers blown offcourseoff course by stbrsabrstormsa andaoteaand in many respects the isformationinformation we have today derived from eventuallyev ntually reached new zealand and became the tangatatangafcatrangata whenua feorepeople the oral traditions is very specific the tainui under the of the land then in the twelfth century legend has it that ihatongatmhatongawhaMhatonga leadership of hoturoaHoturoa prepared to sail frocfroin havaikihawaiki on the brongoorongo the grandson of toi became lost in a storm while participating in a night 27th of the lunar month respondingcorrespondingcaecaccoe to october november but canoe race in central polynesia his grandfather sailing south to the old benmen advised hotureahoturoa to delay sailing until the stormy tamateas search for him landed at what is now called the bayday of plenty in new ath6th to ath9th nights of the following months had passed hoturoa replied zealand and settled there in the mcainmeantimetime whatongaWha arrived safely home 1011I wilwillwll sail out now and meet the tamateas anon the open sea he surmountsurmoun having found shelter for a period oftimeulms tine on yet another polynesian a odd all storms and trials to make safe landfall at cape runaway S3 island he then provisioned his canoe and sailed south in search of his an interesting point here is thatshatchalchatghat legend further documentdocuments the 4 3

tama occupy arrival in fewlewnew zealand as being a season when the naiivenativenative pohutukawa the descendants of te kapua the coastal and thermal lands verevezewereweze in bloom their scarlet flowers cover the large trees and make around while those of ngatokcarangiifgatoroirangi became the twharetoatuwharetoa peo- their appearance in november or december the story goes that as the ple of the lake taupo area the matatua was captained by toroa and sail- canoes approached the new land one of the chiefs saithesawthesaw the brilliant ed upriver in the to beach on the shore toroastoroalscoroas daughter zzed of the trees and took off his head ornament of red feathers a was ill and she lay anon the beach near the canoe to rest while the crew prized polynesian symbol of leadership to throw it into the sea saying explored inland As the day passed the tide rose and the canoe began that the chiefly red of havaikihawaiki is cast aside for the chiefly red of to float away the woman saying to herself 1 I must act like a narmarman the new land hence we can reckon the sailing timegimegima to have heenbeenheon about exerted all her strength and marieedmarimar&rjedmarueedwed to save the canocanoefromcanoeefromfrontron floating four to six weeks fxfrom havaikihawaiki to ao tea boaroa new zealand svayavayswayoayray to this day that river Isasxs called whakatane actact likeilke a manroanmoarnman and soaesome events surrounding the story of the voyage are known today the descendants of this canoe spreads rea frofrom capscape Rinrunawayaway to whakatanewhakacane KV one lelitellleiltellsleiis ofofttaroaama te kapua the chief of the to arawa canoe kidnapped and inland over the rugged Jrejreweraureveragreverawera country the priest of the tainui canoe forcing hiahlahim to sail with to arawa mis the kurahaupo went north and its people settled north behavior between tamatanoatamma te kapua and the priests wife further enraged the and later taranskiTaranaki and an area between wanganuiWanganui and lake horowhenuahoro benuahenua priest andend he summoned a storm which almost sank the to arawa the tainui the ThTokomaru captained by maraiamanaia navigated by thetho priest rakeioraRakeiora ageagamademadaade landfall before the and the two crews went separate wanwayways ailedsailed around north cape and beached at the mohakatinoMohakatino river in north 0 the tainui salicselic south from whangaparaoaangaparaoa to the taranskitaranakiTaranaki the people spread frontroatronfrom the lokaumokau river to south of todays tamaki strait just outside auckland the crew me- mbers went ashore to pioreexploreex and found that only a city of new plymouth takitimutakitumuTaki timu captained by tamatea landed on the narrow isthmus separated themfron from another harbourharbhaub ouri which they named the manukaumanutauplanukauManukau they hauled the tainui east coast of the northkorth island and its people are the gisborne tribes across the isthmus and sailed down the west coast to kashiakawhia where they finally settled their descend- today the aotea canoe is said to have left the ancestral homeland in ants spread out and became the people occupy- ing a large section of the from south an offseasonoff season and was driven west to the keekenaadeckermadecKermadec islands where the crew auckland to to kultikuiti hanshanyraayranymany generations later when to 1 rauparaha led a joint expedition of agativqatikgati toa and agatingati gathered karaka berries which they later carried to new zealand the raukawabaukawa warriors south in the 1320s1920s tainui descendants onschonfchmonth march the kennadecskermadecs when ehonha carynocarpuscorynocarpus were established6established in the southern part of the northkorthworth of in is thethoeha karaka lae island as well 6 vigatamigata is ripe landllandinglandijigLandijig on the west coast of the northhorthborth island thaytheythoy covedmoved toeeevee arawa landed at cape runaway turned up the coast and landed inland to vanganuiVangwanganuiWanganuianul the damesnanesnames of the canoe captain and the steering passengers at haketumaketamaketu near taurangaTauranqa hereuponwhereupon they spread inland itilsitslla pamiepawlepaddlepaggie are recorded in chant translated by jamesjamasjawes cowan as follows tainui lines from hoturoahoturoatHoturoa tbthathe songsony of theth aotoaaotea canacanom hamlin 20 generations to rothmarotumahotuxoa aoteaisacteaAotea is the canoe turi Is the chief ugaporamgapora composite to roku o whitl is the paddle 23 generations behold my paddiepaddle toT rangihaeata it is laid by the canoe side 1727 generations to hoturoa now it is raised on high the paddle 1828 generations to rothmahoturoarotuma poised for the plunge the paddlepaddiepaddlespaddies IS25 generations to tamcekapuatamacefcapua now wew leap forward xvikauxwikau behold my paddlepeddlepaddie to roku o whitiuhitilwhitil I1 34 generation s ago to hoturoanoturoa which is too long see how it flies and flashes it quivers like a birds wing lkinsonwilkinsoni this paddle of eineoinemine 20 generations to haturvahoturoa ah the outward lift and the dashing taaaaucutamamutuTamamutumucu the quick thrust in and the backward veepweepsweep 2618 generations to kgatoroiranginqatoroirangi and puhikaiariki the swishing the swirling eddieseddles foamingroaming white wake and spray names was the 7the the reuheuheuheu genealogy obviously contains extra and perhaps that flies from my paddle not correctly understood by grey the others vary from about twentythreetwenty three to seventeen generations other genealogies show a fair agreement on aboutaaoutaagut other canoes are mentioned in other chants one being the twenty generations before 1850 this would suggest a possible waximwmc axiaum datedacedane of about 1000 or a minimum date of about 1450 with about 1300 being li-elyely which peopled the east coast from cape runaway to gisborne ifits descend- dr bertonrobertonBo in the work cited gives a date of 1290 for the birth of hoturoa antants becomingbecardbecord ng the kqatingatinagati foroufarouporou of today subtribessub tribes throughout flowhiowhiewnew zealand such conflicting information is present in all reports of the legends trace ancestry to different personalities on the voyaging canoes an example of kuper tolthltot and the great fleet Howhowevereverteveetewert the legends persist maoris ofcifels this is the ngai tahu tribe of the who are descendants of today are not so much concerned with establishing exact dates of birth rahu a younger brother of porougorou rangirangl the ancestor of ngatiagati pokou or ventsevents a task which becomes increasingly impossible as the language oveova of the difficultiesdifficultieq in pinpointing dates with names in these legends iein further lost with the passing of ticatldetidecldetime as they are with erphasizingerphaeephasizingemphasizingsizing lieileUs with the multiple sources reporting the genealogical chants solsomso thethoeheehokho point that these people did live and did accomplish anyman3rmanar of these recorders were oraoremore concerned with establishing their identity and ancestriancsancestryancestri igratoryigraadgratoryadoratorytory feats in this the whole concept of the origin of the maori is as chiefly than they were with probing out thechezhenhe factfactsfacks toan example ofox at question modern scholars have suggested the origin of the race as conflicting inforsotioninforajtion is the follaw9tfollafc ing being asia melanesiahsiKelanesiaanesla ericaamericaAa and even recently another pianetplanetplanett for nostmostmosk flaorismaarismaorisflaslasiaorisogis unwaikibawaiki isie inzu tahiti although there anadsareage also tabot3bothose I1 bo suggested quite recently that unali is duallyactually thekhetkhee rawalkinawaikinawacki 0 owghe 69 the legends in 1978 a& small group of maoris from rotorua visited in a real reservoir of emergency provender but the the course of their visit they asked especially to be taken to the ereaareaeceare seashore had little to offer in hard times there waswag almost no shallow water and there were no reefs of kau anon the big island of hawaii they wished to hold a norialmemorialne shellfish and seaweed were never plentiful 9 service there before returning home to new zealand for they believed randy further records that I1 all legendary and archaeological that kaukalukasu was the place of their beginning the havaikihawaiki of the old chants evidence points to kaukalumalumasuxau as a landing place for polynesian settlers froefrog andnd legends at kaukaaxau there are several holes carved in the lava rocks kahikixahikikaahiki not necessarily tahiti who cadecadacamea as early as AD 700 10 that line the cliffs the maoris believed these holes to have been for owing to the ruggedness of the shore food was obtained from the sea thezheuheth purpose of coringmooring the canoes of the great fleet before their dedo only at great risk and with difficulty there were no lagoons and few parture in hawaii it is accepted as certain that the kau area was beaches the area is a goadqoodgood deepseadeep sea fishing spot for the currents one of the first areas settled by the early hawaiians who arrived fronfrom 00cameooms around both the east and west sides of the island to meet and somewhere south kauwuxau is thetho southernmost point of the hawaiian chain gnp at kaukalu an interesting event is recorded by randyhandy the area has never been considered in lawaiibawaiibawadi to have been a departure a A few years ago a group of nalidaildallnalihinimalihinimalimail hinihinl formed a fishing bulbutbuihulhui for deepseadeep sea fishing olfoff ka lielaebiabla in kau and point for any migratorybd fleet heading south and it is my opinion that against the eneencemeencraticenchaticenphatichatichacic advice of hawaiian old tirersairers they proceeded to build at considerable expense a any study of the geographical area leads to disbelief that the location concrete landingstagelanding stage for their boats just below the cliffs just to the west of the point previously thethathozhe could have supported the stocking of voyavoyaginggingqing vessels the area is one only course had been to haul the canoes up over the cliff by means of block and tackle the malihinimali hini verewere of severe drought anciently the hawaiians lived in family groups and eueereerenelyserenelynely confident of their strongly anchored landing but in the first heavy kona stomstornstorm the gigantic waves are known to have been either planters high on the slopes of kaunamauna blesliegblegloa crushed it like so much crockery and piled the concrete up gainstagainst the cliff in broken shards hawaiians shook ercc fishermenshermonfishermen scattered along the coast their heads in sorrow that anyone should so misjudge the eightymighty forces of their land 1 on hawaii the area that was most subject toseveretoroseveresevere remines was kau all the slopes below the forest line such research leads us to several questions of kau as a suitasuitpsuitableblebie through the district koreverewerewenewone well populated and the care- fully cultivated land was dependent entirely on rain departure place for a voyaging fleet first the holes carved in the the winter season was certain to produce ample rains from southerly cyclonic stemsstorms therefore one crop of rocks definitely exist some hawaiians sayay they are of recent origin aweelweetsweet potatoes could be counted on as sure and also one crop of the peculiar dry taro typical of the plains cut for the convenience of fishermen who tie their lines to them others of jakinipakini and kanaoakanabakacwoaKanaoa izlerlaterlaxerlazek crops often failed we have records of severe famines when anywanymany of the people would sayay that kaeehaeehaxamehmwh& I1 had theithoithemzhem carved in the rocks so thatchalchatuhalnhat he could find refuge elsewhere erinlywrinlyweinly in konanona and in PunapunasooapunasomaSomasomo provision against hard limestimes was adeodemade in stores of dried oorr hihis canoecanoes there as he sailed around thethkhe island kdchanehaskamehamehas flabeishgish andndang dried sweet potatoes also thelnetoakneehmuhm uplands mehere werere esinoeainoos were not voyaging canoes however and there is a great differdifferenceeuce 70 between a fishing canoe and a voyaging vessel A voyaging cancels octo earlycarly laorismaoris like all early polynesiansPolynepolynesiansne siansslans knew these thirdsthings inti- elgh estiestlestiratedestizastizestimatedratedalbedmatedabbed to weighwelgh at least five tons by the polynesian voyaging society mately this knowledge was necessary to the survival of island dwell who built the hokulahokulehokulel a which has madmade several trips to tahiti in the orre an example is cementedcowentedcomentedcowencomen tedced on in a recent book by herb kane last two years what size thickness sennit would be required to moormooz AX brotherhood of eapexp rtsarts tohunga or kahuna trained to acute poerspo ers of observation and berner iryoryony a canoe weighing that hwahowbow many times would such sennit be wrapped polynesian navigators kedewedewereere also priests in the sense that they could invoke spiritual help and conduct roundaroundazound a scoringmooring in orderardorordekodder to secure that weight in the kind of cross the rituals of their profession unlike the modernnocarn navigator whose instruments enable him to fix his currents described above by handymandy are the holes large enough for such position without reference to his place of depart- ure the polynesian navigator used a system that was ennitbermit to be wrapped and tied more than once further the subsistence home oriented he kept a mental record of all courses I1 steered and ailallali phenomena which affected the rove daluredaluzenaturemature of the area would not be very helpful in the furbishing of a lentbenlmentmenk of the canoe tracing these backwards in his eindmind so that at any tiretinetime he could point in the approx- voyaging canoe and there are other places along the coast much betlerbetterbettorbetzer imate direction of his hoehomekome island and estimate the ailingsailing tiretinebiretimehirmbime required to reach it a complex feat suited to such a venture the hawaiian legends do not mention the of dead reckoning in 1761769 in tahitiahiti captain took aboard the navigator tupalatupaia who guided cook doparturedeparture of a migratory fleet and where kaukalukasu is concerned such an 300 miles south to the island of rurutu coo sailed to new zealand by a ziszigzagzig zag course then to australia idea goes against existing data which names the area as the first landing then northward through the great barrier reef touching at he then sailed on to batavia where place for travellerstravellers coming from the south malaria and dysentrydysenterydysentry killed tupaia and many of the endeavors crew throughout the entire voyage tupaia maori chants give differing descriptions of the type of canoe used had been able upon requestreque strscesue to point in the direction in which tahiti laylayl 221 for migration purposes both double and single canoes are mentioned in hishie reference notes kane goes further to explain that a contr- the very large elaborately carved and decorated single canoe of themaorithe maori oversy exists between two schools of thought 1 those who believe that were mainly war canoes hewn from a single tree newpew zealand the polynesianpolynesians possessed sufficient maritime skills to bakeeukewakemakemuke deliberately I1Is one of the few pacific islands where large straight trees that are navigated voyages over great distances and 2 those who believe that suitable for building this kind of canoe grow the doublehulleddoublegodbie hulled canoe is such skills did not exist and that the scattered islands of polynesia shorter in length with a platform between information regarding this were populated by drifting canoes heme concludes that in the present day type in early new zealand is meagre although both 1642 and the drifting canoes theory is not accepted and study centers on the body axqxcook 37697317697337691769 73 mention seeing thenthemthew of knowledge necessary to theehe losslaag oyatesoyaoesvoyages undertaken byoy these early anyA discussiondiscussiqn of polynesian voyaging requirerequires mention of a vast vlvlgatorsnavigatorsvalorsgators and sailors body of knowlknowledgeefteemteemme about currentcurrents winswindwindswings seasonal weather champschanges uantanstarsskarsstaes

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at this point it should be added that many contemporary scholarscholars eneneven kupecupe is seen to be a much later personality than the classic Uin kewneunew zealand do not hold the theory of long ocean voyages to be correct legends iellbelltell us and here sir george grey is quoted from a paper titled inxa hihis recent 1976 book the great new zealand mythhythmyth DR SIsimon people of the pacific arittewrittewrittenn in 1893 and published in the auckland discusses many sources ofor the great keetheetfleetmeet legend and compares notenotes star from 13 october to 24 november 1928k1928 thustthqst some of the old chiefs stoutly maintained that their ancestor kupecupe had originally discovered ao- the european tradition of a fleet of six large tea roa had navigated its coast and cooks strait seagoingsea going pahipahl with their living freight of over and had then returned to havaikihawaiki and had persuaded five hundred people men women and children his relatives to go to kewrewnew zealand and settle there put out to sease a from the shores of raiateaRai atea has they cited an ancient song in proof of this been shown to be a rationalisationrationalization of disparate other chiefs however disputed the occurrence of canoe traditions which gradually became more and this tradition alleging that it together with the loreborebokemore accepted as factual and historical as liaelinecinetimecime poem related sirplefsippltf to the successive discoveries passed this arose out of the desire of european madeade by early arrlarriarrivalsarzi valsais and settlers of new zealand to provide a coherent framework by which scholars 13 in coasting from one part of its shores to ancanothertherchecchee to interpret the prehistory of new zealand the tradition is thus involved in too ouchmuch doubt to hownowallow any reliance to be placed on 15LS kanymany of the old chants nadename birds flora and fauna in both Hawhawalkihawaikihawalkaalkiaiki it whalwhat remains of course is the fact that the existed andaagangad the newnow land ao tea boaroa the fact that the plants named are native batbalhal before captain cook and lived a highly ordered life with tinafinaelnafirm religious to new zealand and in some cases to no other place gives rise to his beliefs a highly developed art philosophy and body of local know- obeervtiontcbservationt ledge they were scattered on all known islands that could support life the traditions if they are to be taken as they are and not pruned to fit preconceived notions include they knew of the existence of other islands where dwelt other people native plants birds pa and other specifallyspecifspeciaallyaily new zea- land iteaitemilemitems as an integral parttpareparm of the total tradition and their languages were linked byaby a common bond bf linguistics even would suggest very simply that the tohunga knew this i hauhatwhat they were saying and that the havaikihawaiki of the trad- today it is possible for cook islanders Rawaliamwallamhawaiian laorismaoris and ition is not outside tnewew zealand the mention of pa and kumaraflumarafcumara storage both of which arbareazeaxe newmew zealand items re- to all converse together and understand one another when we consider the ininforcesforces this view 14 thousands of miles of ocean that separate these iarticularbiarticularparticular groups this writer sees the masaikihawaikimawaiki of the arawa tainui and aotea canoes it is difficult to rule out a camroncoreconcomron connection between themthethem The contention as being in northmorthlandKorth land new zealand he doesgoes concede that earlier bigmig of simonssimmons and others of his view is thatthaithaebhatthau the traditions that were first iratoryoratory canoes arrived in newnow zealand from elsewhere but believebellevebelieves that recorded in newmew zealand wokeworewerewera not really the ancient chants and legends the great tleetricctbleet of recorded chants merely applied the HIMnamesmames of theuchkuh arlicrarlicaearlieramilee but referredforced only to recoatrocootrecout knowledge of genealogies that laid claim to canoesnoes to otherotheeothers in the ancestry of theth tribes known to havhawhowhag travelled land akeabcareakeeareearea in the country that therlherthey ezewereere invested with antiquity by the to other placeplaueplaces within newnowwowow zealand fromrygeegreom northlandnorthnoethDorthworth land

72 proof underlying reason for preservation elders is further that the their in liselshi book the story of new zealand A RH reedbeed outlines the ownership was of the lands identified as tribal areas the greatest movementovement of peoples from jerusalem in 1000bc100obc these behe identifies as polynesia was difficulty that faced early students of the lack of a aryans of which 8 tribes scattered six of these tribes went to europe new zealand carving explained a written record of the culture in in from which the anglosaxonsanglo saxons descend one went to persia and were the some people even stylized bannereannermanner of the history of the but in the ancestors of the iranians today and one went to india from this group continued to make tapa which the people decorated with islands that have descended the peoples of the malay peninsular Sstrasumatratra malimaiismallsmail brushes dipped dye no language evolved aalloall hala in written to this java borneo the new guinea the marianasmariakasMarianas ththechrche ft new genealogies were mustwustust beb added the fact that in zealand the surr- carolines thehe marshallMarmacshallsshalis the gilberts ellice island tonga th ounded by nanymany capus they were considered sacred and entrusted to the and from there tahitiraiateatabitiraiatea to new zealand 17 A iderseiderselders of the tribe they were recited with carcazcarecacecaze because the making of maorimaari lament is recorded as a mistake in the recitation was considered an evil omen because of the the fame of your canoes can never be dincdinndimmedned the canoes which crossed the ocean depths kapuspus associated with all form of record keeping early europeans seek- the purple sea the great ocean of kiwa aichhichnhich lay stretched before them 18 ing to write down the old chants were very often misinformed by the elders thisthiathle great ocean of kiwa is the 70 million square mile pacific inznan sunarsunarizingsuonarizingizing the work of his book simmons states ocean given the size of the tiny islands scattered across this vast the traditions given in this study are those of the tribes of the 19th century whose traditions have been xpanseexpanse of water is no wonder that men have always been curious as recorded they refer specifically to the origins of it those tribes from theithedtheche uncunoincima they became corporate social to how the area became populated some groups such as the maoris of groups they do not ai cannot be taken as referring to ventsevents of preceding periods when the original ancestors kevwevnew zealand have been isolated for some five centuries yet the old off the haorimaori settled from polynesia the social groups who took part in the original settlement no longer legends have persisted in the culture these legends of an ancient exist the increase of population in prehistoric times tell led to new groups being formed each of which was concerned bomelandhomeland lost in the memory of only the old fromprom this land men sailed to validate its own mana chieftainship and claim to land archaeology can suggest what these groups were and how sturdy vessels onto the ocean following known starssharsstairs carried by known they each adapted to the conditions as they found them slars archaeology can also throw light on the material and social currents towards unknown lands the history of the maori in newmew zealand development of the late maori tribes tribal traditions exist to justify claims to aanananamana and land is another large body of information andad yet another chapter in the they arearcaee whawhatwhalt the tribes themselves believe about their origins and history and as such are extremely interesting continuing story of the race the grealgreat fleetricel is referred to often by in their own right 16

0 notesnobes

i I1 1 peter H buck Vikivikingsgs of the pacific chicagoChicasofgofsog the university press the maori especially anon all important ceremonial occasions the per of chicago 1938i1938 p 277 2 slstencesListence of the legend lends credence to it for without it who can ibid 3 answer the question of the origin of the maori people and who can ibid 4 splainxplainexplain the scattering of a polynesian nation across half of the globe ibid p 279 5 except by some planned voyaging in the modern day it is significant ibid appp 27980279 80 6 that the first question one maori asks another when meeting him for the anne salmond hui A study of maori ceremonial gatherings A H i& reed 1975 appp 15556155 56 ciosclosme not who are you t but where breareaze you from the reply 7 first ti is buck p 283 area and pa and possibly canoe thus by asking for 8 will list tribal D R Sinsimmonsmons the great nevnew zealand nthmthpychhychmyth wellington A H & A VW origin identity is established is the same in the larger perspect- reed 1976 p 286 it 9 ES green maori quotes his legendary home as place of origin and thereby craighill handy and elizabeth handy with mary kavena ive the pukui native planters in old hawaii honolulu bishop museum press 1972 appp 27677276 77 reveals his identity in cultural heritage he islis secure in this all its 10 ibid p 547 knowledge scholars naymay never know the geographic location of the how- 11 it ibid p 567367 maori enough to kaowknow the name land for the it is 12 herb kawainui kane voyage thethediscoveryDiscovery of hawaii honolulu island X ahu eaiealaiwai tatou i havaiki nui havaikibawaikihawaiki roa heritage 19760 p 105 havaikibawaikihawaiki pamaogamaopammao 13 simmonssiusluSinmons p 105 14 ibid appp 32021320 21 15 ibid p 321 temicedemiceveraice pere 16 ibid 17 A H reed the story of hevhewnew zealand auckland fontana silver fernyern 1974 appp 242724 27 18 buck p 3

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