INDEX

THis Index contains no reference to the Introductory Tables which pre• sent a summary of the Finance and Commerce of the , British , the British Colonies, the various countries of Europe, the United States of America, and Japan, and various other matters, as well as Additions and Corrections.

AAC AFR ACHEN (Prussia), 1016 Aconcagua (Chili), 631 A Aalborg (Denmark), 895 Acre territory (Brazil), 819 Aalesund (Norway), 1312 Adana (town), 1563; trade, 1573 Aargau (canton), 1540, 1546 - (), 1562 Aarhus (Denmark), 895 Adelaide, 356; University, 363 Abaco Island (Bahamas), 308 Aden, 116; boundary, 1567 Abbas Hilmi, Khedive, 1594 Adis Ababa, 701, 703 Abdul-Hamid II., 1557 Adjame (Ivory Coast), 961 Abeokuta (W. Africa), 269 Admiralty Island (W. Pacific), 1057 Ahercorn (), 248 Adolf Friedrich (Meeklenburg-Stre- Aberdeen, 22; University, 35, 36 litz), 1088 Aberystwith College, 36 Adrar (Spanish Sahara), 1518 Abeshr(Wadai), 974 Adrianople (town), 1563 Abo (Finland), 1418, 1435, 1463 - (vilayet), 1561 Abomey, 992 Adua (Abyssinia), 701 Abruzzi e Molise, 1162 JEtolia, 1129 Abyssinia, area, 7 01 Afghanistan, area, 705 - books of reference, 704 -army, 707 - commerce, 702-3 - books of reference, 709 - education, 702 - commerce, 708 -minerals, 702 -currency, 708 -money, 702 -government, 706 -population, 701-2 -justice, 706 - reigning king, 701 -land cultivation, 707 - religion, 702 -manufactures, 708 -roads, railways, 703 -mining, 708 - tillage, 702 -origin of the Afghans, lOG - towns, 701-2 -population, 706 - weights and measures, 703 - products, 707-8 Abuna (Coptic), 702 -reigning sovereign, 705 Acajutla (Salvador), 1476 - revenue, 708 Acamania, 1129 - trade routes, 708-9 Accra (Gold Coast), 270 Africa, Centrnl, , sec Achaia, 1129 N yassaland Proteetorate Achole (), 219 Africa East (British), 216-7 et seq. Acklin's I~laml (Bahamas), 308 --(German), 1051, 1055 1640 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

AFB ALG Africa East Italian, 1192-3 Alabama, representation, 413, 472 --Portuguese, 1376, 1378-80 - rice crop, 442 - South (British), troops in, 112 .A.lafi. Island (Pacific), 1004 -South-West (German), 1051, 1053 Alagoas (Brazil), 819 -(Turkish), 1562, 1577-8 Alajuela (Costa Rica), 880 -West (British), 266 Alaska, area and population, 418, 684 -- (French), 954, 971 -boundary, 283 -- (German), 1051 - finance, 684 - colonies in, British, 201 - fisheries, 453, 685 - - French, 978 -gold, 685 -- German, 1051 -government, 416, 684 -- Italian, 1192-3 - instruction, 684 -- Portuguese, 1376, 1377-8 - justice, 684 --Spanish, 1505, 1518 - mining, 685 Agai'ia (Ladrones), 696 - production, 685-6 Agdencs, fort: (Norway), 1315 - public land, 440 Agone (Dahomey), 992 Alawi College, Tunis, 996 Agra (prov.), see United Provinces Albany (N.Y.), 423, 598, 600 Agra (town), 148 Albany (W. ), 367 Agram (Zagrab), 761, 764 Albert, Prince (Monaco), 1248 -University, 766-7 Alberta (), 280, 281,282, 289, Aguascalientes (Mexico), state, 1237 ; 290 town, 1238 Albury (N.S. W.), 333 Ahmadabad (India), 148 Alcoy (Spain), 1507 Aimaks (tribe), 706 .A.ldabra Islands (), 252 Ain Sefra (Algeria), 970 Altlerney, government, 103; pop., 26 Ainus (Japan), 1202 Alemtejo (Portugal), 1365 Aitutaki Island (Cook Islands), 396 Aleppo (vilayet), 1562 Aix (France), faculties, 928 -town, 1563 Ajmere-Merwara, agriculture, 160-3 Alessandria (Italy), 1161 ; town, -area and population, 142, 147 1167; fort, 1178 -forests, 161, 163 Alexandria, 1596, 1597; town, 1598; - government, 140 shipping, 1610-ll - land tenure, 160 - Patriarch of, J 599 -religion, 149 Alexandropol, 1418, 1429 Ajmer, town (India), 148 AlexandrovskGrushevsk, 1418 Akassa (Nigeria), 268 Alfonso XIII. (Spain), 4, 1500 Akita (Japan), 1203 Algarve (Portugal), 1365 Akkerman (Russia), 1418 Algeciras (Conference at), 1256 Akron, Ohio, 423, 613 Algeria, 942, 961, 970-7 Aksu (Turkestan), 862 - agriculture, 973-4 Aksum (Abyssinia), 701 - area and pop., 961, 970-2 Akuse (W. Africa), 270 - army, 936-8, 973 Alabama, area and pop., 418, 472-3 -bank, 976 -constitution and government, 472 - births, deaths, marriages, 971 -cotton crop, 443, 474 -books of reference, 977-8 -defence, 474 - commerce, 963, 97 4-6 - finance, 473 -crime, 972 -justice and charity, 467 - finance, 972-3 - instruction, 426 - government, 970 -production and industry, 474-5 - intlustry, 973-4 - public land, 440 - instruction, 928 - religion, 473 - mining, 97 4 INDEX 1641

ALG APIA Algeria, money, weights,measures,976 Amsterdam, 1270 ; shipping, 1283 ; - posts and telegraphs, 976 university, 1271 -railways, 976 Amsterdam Island, 987 - religion, 972 Amur prov. (Manchuria), 860 - shipping, 976 Anchorite Island (West Pacific), 1057 Algiers (Alger), 942, 972, 973, 976 Ancona (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 - schools, 928, 972 Andaman Islands, 140, 142, 149, 163, Alhucemas Islands, 1259, 1506 186-7 Ali binHamoud, Sultan of , Andijan, 1418 222 Andorra, 960-1 Alicante (Spain), 1506 Andros Island (W. I.), 308 Aligarh (India), 143 Aneeho (Togoland), 1052 Allada (Dahomey), 992 Angdaphorang (Bhutan), 808 Allabli.bB.d, 148; University, 150 Angeles (Chile), 831 Allegheny (Pa.), 421, 423, 627 Angers, 920 ; faculties, 928 Almeria (Spain), 1506 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1614 Alost (Belgium), 792 Angola, 1876, 1377-8 Alphonse Island {Seychelles), 252 Angora {vilayet), 1562 Alsace-Lorraine, area and population, Angoulmne, 920 1011, 1061 Angra (Azores), 1366 -constitution, 1061 Angra Pequefia (Ger. S. W. Africa), -emigration, 1015 1054 -finance, 1062 Island (W.I.) 311, 312 -instruction, 1018, 1062 Anhalt, area and pop., 1011 -justice and crime, 1062 - constitution, 1064 - live stock, 1034 -finance, 1064 - manufactures, 1036, 1063 -Imperial representation, 1009 - matricular contribution, 1024 - matricular contributions, 1024 -occupations of the people,1013 - occupations of the people, 1013 - production and industry, 1062 - rei~ning duke, 1063 -railway, 1044, 1063 Anhm or Ngan-hwei, 844, 851 -religion, 1017, 1062 (Comoro Is.), 986 -representation {Imperial), 1009 Ankober (Abyssinia), 701 - Statthalter, 1061 (Uganda), 219 Altenburg, 1108 Ann Arbour (Mich. University,) 660 Alto-Caqueta, Tor. (Colombia), 868 Annabon (Span. Africa), 1618 Altona, 1016, 1105 Annam, 961, 964, 966 , 144, 159 ; town, 148 Annapolis (Md.), 547, 548, 550 Amapala (Honduras), 1150 Antalo (Abyssinia), 704 Amazonas (Brazil), 819 Antanlmarivo, 981 Amazonas (Venez.), 1630 Antequera (S}lain), 1507 Ambado (Somali Coast), 987 , 311, 312 Ambato (Ecuador), 907 Antioquia (Colombia), 868, 869 Ambeno {Timor), 1377 Antipodes Islands (N. Z. ), 397 Amberg (Bavaria), 1072 Antivari (Montenegro), 1251, 1253 Ambriz {Port. W. Africa), 1378 Antofagasta (prov.), 831 America, British colonies in, 282 - (town), 831 ; port, 837 - French colonies in, 1000 An-tung, 860 Amhara (Abyssinia), 701 Antwerp, province, 790 Amiens, 920 - town, 792, 797 Amirantes (Seychelles), 252 Apeldoorn, 1270 Amoy, 843, 854 Api Is (Pacific), 405 Amritsar (India), 148 Apia (Samoa), 1058-9 1642 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

APO .AST Apolda, 1112 Arizona (Ter. ), defence, 477 Apolima (Samoa), 1059 - finance, 4 77 Appenzell (cantons), 1540, 1543 -government, 475 Apnlia, 1162 -instruction, 426 Aqua-town (Kamernn), 1053 -justice and charity, 476-7 AquiladegliAbrnzzi,1162; town,1167 - precious stones, 447 Arabia, 1562 -production and industry, 477-8 Arad, 730, 764 - public lands, 440 Aragua (Venezuela), 1630 -representation, 475 Arauco (Chile), 831 Arkansas, area and pop., 418, 479 Arcadia, 1129 -constitution & government 478-9 Archipelago (Turkish), 1562 - cotton crop, 443, 481 Arendal (Nor\\·ay), 1312 - defence, 481 Arequipa (Peru), 1352; Univ., 1352 -finance, 481-2 Arezzo (Italy), 1162; town, 1167 - instruction, 426, 480 Argao (Philippines), 691 - justice and charity, 480 Argentine Republic, agriculture, 716 - production and industry, 481-2 -area and population, 711-712 - public land, 440 -army, 715 - representation, 413, 479 -banks, 720 - rice crop, 442 - births, deaths, marriages, 712 Armenia, 1560, 1562, 1564 - books of reference, 722-3 Armenians (in Persia), 1340 ; (in - boundary disputes, 712 ), 1563, 1564 -cattle industry, 716-7 Arnhem, 1270 -commerce, 717, ct seq. Amstadt, 1120 -constitution, 710 Arolsen (Waldeck), 1121 -crime, 713 Arts, 1129 -currency and credit, 720-1 Artigas (Uruguay), 1621 -debt, 715 Aruba Island (W. Indies), 1298, 1299 -defence, 715-6 Aruwimi (Congo State), 874 - diplomatic representatives, 721 , 201 -emigration, 712 Aschaffenburg (Bav.), 1072 -finance, 713-5 Ascoli Piceno (Italy), 1162 ; town, - government, 710 1167 -- local, 710-11 Ashanti (W. Africa), 270-1; goltl in, -immigration, 712 270 -instruction, 712-3 Asia, British colonies in, 111 -Jewish Colony, 717 - French colonies in, 963, ef. seq. -justice, 713 -Portuguese colonies in, 1376-7 - money, weights, and measures, 721 - Russian dependencies in, 1467 -navy, 716 - Turkish, 1562 - posts and telegraphs, 720 Asia Minor, 1562 - president, 710 Asmar (Afghanistan), 705, 707 - production and industry, 716-7 Asmara (Eritrea), 1192 - railways, 720 Asnieres, 920 -religion, 712 Aspinwall (Colon), 1329 - shipping and navigation, 720 ARsab (Eritrea), 1192 -universities, 713 Assam, see Eastern Bengal & Assam Argolis, 1129 Assinie (Ivory Coast), 991 Arica, 813, 1353 Assiut, 1596, 1597,1607; town,1598 Arikis (of Cook Islands), 397 Assuan or Aswan, 1596, 1597, 1607 Arizona (Tor.), area and pop., 418 Assumption Island, 252 419, 476 Astara, ]lost (Persia) 1344 INDEX 1643

ABT AVE Astove Is. (Seychelles), 252 Austria, fisheries, 754 Astrakhan, 1418 - forestry, 752 Asuncion(Paraguay},1332, 1333,1335 - government, 740 Atacama (Chile}, 831, 835 -- local, 7 42 Atakpame (Togoland), 1052 --provincial, 741-2 Athens, 1130 ; University, 1131 - instruction, 746-9 Atjeh (Sumatra}, 1289 -justice and crime, 749 Atlanta, Ga., 423, 509 - language, 7 43 Atlantica, dept. (Colombia}, 868 -manufactures, 755 Attica, 1129 - mining and minerals, 753-4 Atiu Island (Cook Islands), 396 - ministry, 741 , 396 - occupations of the people, 744 Auckland, N.Z. (district}, 384 -pauperism, 749-50 -town, population, 384; trade, 393; -posts and telegraphs, 757 shipping, 394 - production, 752-5 Augsburg (Bavaria), 1016, 1072 - railways, 757 Augusta, Ga., 509 - Reichsrath, 740 Augusta, Me., 543 - re~ng sovereign, 724, 726 Aussig, 745 - religion, 7 45-6 Austin (Tex.), 649, 650 - royal family, 724-5 Australasia and Oceania (British},318 -shipping and navigation, 755-6 · -French colonies in, 1003 -sovereigns since 1282, 725 Australia, Commonwealth, 318 et seq. -towns, 745 - area and population, 320 -universities, 748 - births, deaths, and marriages, 320 Austria-Hungary, 724 (aee alBo under - books of reference, 239-31 Austria, and Hungary.) - commerce, 323-7 - army, 730-4 - constituent states, 318-19 - Bank of, 738 - constitution and government, 318 - books of reference, 779-80 - defence, 321-2 - commerce, 736-8 -finance, 320-1 - constitution, 726-7 - gold, 323, 324 - currency and credit, 738 - Governor-General, 319 - customs valuation, 737 - import duties, 325 -debt, 729 - live-stock, 323 - defence, 729-36 - ministry, 319 - diplomatic representatives, 777 - posts and telegraphs, 329 - finance, 728-9 - production, 323 - fortresses, 730 - railway, 328-9 - frontier, 729 -shipping and navigation, 327-8 - ~overnment, 726-7 -wine, 323 - 1mport duties, 736-7 Austria, agriculture, 752-3 - ministry, 727 - area and pop., 7 42-5 -money, weights, & measures, -banks, 758-9 738-9 - births, deaths, and marriages, 744 - navy, 734-6 -books of reference, 780-1 - 1·eigning sovereign, 724, 726 -breweries, 755 - royal family, 724-5 -canals, 756 Austria, Lower and Upper, area anu -constitution, 740 population, 743 -currency and credit, 757-8 -representation in Reichsrath, 740 -debt, 752 -provincial Diet, 741-2 - emigration, 7 45 Aveiro (Portugal), 1365 - finance, 750-2 Avellino (Italy), 1162; town, 1167 1644 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

AVI BAR A vignon, 920 Bakwena tribe, 203 Awaji Islands (Japan), 1201 Balearic Is., 1505 Awomori (Japan), 1203 Bali (Dutch E. Indies), 1289 Axim (W. Africa), 270 Ballarat (Victoria), 346 Azerbaijan (Persia), 1343 Baloch tribes, 183 Azores, 1365 Baltic Islands (Danish), 894 Azov, port, 1435, 1453-4 Baltic Provinces (Russia), 1411 Azuay (Ecuador), 907 Baltimore, Md., 421, 423; ship- ping, 460, 462, 550 Baluchistan, 140, 142, 163 - books of reference, 185 - communications, 184-5 ABANANGO (), 230, 231 -native states, 143, 181 B Babelthuap (Pelew Is.), 1058 - political agencies, 181, 182 Hadakshan,706, 707 - religion, 149, 184 Baden, area and pop. 1011, 1065 -roads, 172 -beer brewing, 1037 -trade, 184 - constitution, 1065 - tribal areas, 183 - finance, 1067 Bamako {Fr. W. Af.) 988, 993 -instruction, 1018, 1066 Bamaliti tribe, 208 - live stock, 1034 Bamangwato tribe, 203 - manufactures, 1036, 1068 Bamberg (Bavaria), 1072 - matricular contribution, 1024 Banana {Congo), 874; port, 877 - occupations of the people, 1013 Banca {Dutch E. Indies), 1288, 1289 ; -production and industry, 1067 tin mines, 1294 -railways, 1044 Bangala {Congo), 874 - rei~ing grand-duke, 1064 Bangalore, 148 - rehgion, 1017, 1055 Bangkok (Siam), 1493-99 -reigning family, 1064 Bangor College, 86 -representation {Imperial), 1009 Ban~wakatse tribe, 208 -towns, 1066 BanJaluka, 778 - {town), 1066 Bantu race, 1053 Badajos {Spain), 1507 Bara race (), 981 Bagamoyo (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 Barbados, 309, 815-17 Bagdad (town), 1340, 1563 Barberton, goldfield (S. Af.), 261 - {vilayet), 1562 Barbuda, 311, 312 Bagida (Togo), 1052 Barcelona(Spain), 1506; nniv., 1508 Bagirmi, 979 Barcelona (Venezuela), 1630 Bahamas, 308, 315-17 Bareilli {India), 148 Bahawulpur (India), 145, 159 Birfurftsh (Persia), 1340 Bahia state (Brazil), 819, 823 Bari (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 -{town), 819, 823; arsenal, 822 Bari (Uganda), 219 Bahia (Ecuador), 907 Barili {Philippines), 691 Bahia Blanca, 712 Baringo {E. Africa), 216 Bahour {), 963 BarkMn tahsil, 182, 184 Bahrein Islands, 117 ; pearl fishery, Barmen (Prussia}, 1016, 1105 117, 1343 Barnaul, 1418 Bahr el Ghazal, 1578 Baroda, area, &c., 143 Bajaur, 705 -religion, 149 Baker Is. {Pacific), 404 - revenue, 143 Bakhatla tribe, 203 -town, 148 Bakhmnt, 1418 Barotseland, 245 Baku, 1418, 1485 ; petroleum, 1444 Barquisimeto (Venezuela), 1630 INDEX 1645 BAR BEL Barranquilla(Colombia),868,870,87l, Baxa (Bhutan), 808 Barrow-in-Furness, population, 18 Baybay (Philippines), 691 Basa (Liberia), 1281 Bayreuth (Bavaria), 1072 Basel (cantons), 1540, 1543 Beaconsfield (), 207 Basel (city), 1544; university, 1546 Bechuanaland (Colony), 206 llasidu (Persian Gulf), 1326 Bechuanaland Protectorate (British), Basque race, 1506 203 ; population, 203 Bassa (Nigeria), 266 Bedford College, London, 86 Bassac State (Indo-China), 968 Behar (India), 142 Bassari (Togoland), 1052 Behera (Egypt), 1596, 1597 Basseterre (St. Kitts), 813 Beira (Portugal), 1365 Basse-Terre (), 1000 - (E. Africa), 1379 ; railway, 1380 Bassora or Busra (vilayet), 1562 Beirilt (town), 1563 Bastar (India), 145 - (vilayet), 1562 , 201 Beja (Portugal), 1365 Battambang (Cambodia), 1494 Bekescsaba, 764 Batangas (Philippines), 691 Belem (Brazil), 819 Batavia (), 1290, 1291 Belfast, 13, 25; Queen's College, 37 Batawana tribe, 203 Belfort, trade, 951 Bath, population, 18 Belfort (fortress), 936 Bathurst (Gambia), 273 Belgium, agriculture, 798-9 Bathurst (N.S. W. ), 333 -area and pop., 790 Baton Rouge, La., 539 -army, 797-8 Batum, 1419, 1429, 1435 -banks, 805 Bauan (Philippines), 691 - births, deaths, and marriages, 7n Bauchi (Nigeria), 266, 267 -books of reference, 806-7 Bautzen, 1114, 1115 - canals, 804 Bavaria, agriculture, 1074 -Chamber of Representatives,787-9 -area and population, 1011, 1070-3 - coal output, 799 -army, 1073 -commerce, 800 et seq. -beer brewing, 1037, 1074 -constitution, 787 - births,marriages,deaths,1014,1071 - currency and credit, 805 - books of reference, 1 07 4 -customs valuation, 801 - constitution, 1069-70 -debt, 796 -debt, 1073 - defence, 797-8 -emigration, 1015 -diplomatic representatives, 806 - finance, 1073 - emigration, 792 -instruction, 1018, 1072 - finance, state, 795 -justice and crime, 1073 - finance, local, 797 -king, 1068 - fisheries, 800 -live stock, 1034 - frontier, 797 -manufactures, 1036, 1074 -government, 786-9 - matricular contributions, 1024 --local, 789-90 - occupations of the people, 1013 - immigration, 792 -pauperism, 1073 - import duties, 801 -posts and telegraphs, 1045, 1046 -instruction, 793-4 -railways, 1044 - iron output, 799-800 - regent, 1068 -justice and crime, 794-5 -religion, 1017, 1072 -king, 786 -representation (Imperial), 1009 - mining an

BEL BIR Belgium, pauperism, 795 Berber (Sudan), 1615 ; town, 1615 - posts and telegraphs, 804-5 Berbera (Somali), 254 -production and industry, 798 Berbers (Morocco), 1256 ; (Tripoli), - railways, 804 1578 - religion, 792-3 Berbice, 301 -roads, 804 Berdicheff, 1418 -royal family, 786 Berdyansk, 1418 -Senate, 787-9 Bergamo (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 - shipping and navigation, 803-4 Bergen (Norway), 1310, 1312, 1315 - sugar works, 800 fort., 1315 ; shipping, 1321 -towns, 792 Berlad (Rumania), 1393 -universities, 793 Berlin, area and pop., 1016, 1105 Belgrade, 1484; University, 1489 - crime, 1102 Belize (Honduras), 303-4 -religion, 1099 Bellary (India), 143 -university, 1020 Bell Island (), 307 Berlinhafen (W. Pacific), 1057 Bell-town (Kamerun), 1053 , 277-8; troops at, 112 Bellnno (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 Bermudez (Venezuela), 1680, 1632 Benadir (Somaliland), 222, 1193 Bern (canton), 1540, 1542 Benares, 148 -{city), 1544; University, 1546 Bender-i-Gez, 1344 Bernberg (Anhalt), 1064 Bendery, 1481 Besan9on, 920;faculties,951;fort., 936 Bendigo (Victoria), 346 Betsileo race (Madagascar), 981 Bendin, 1418 Betsimisaraka race, 981 Benevento(ltaly), 1162; town, 1167 Beuthen (Prussia), 1016 Bengal (!ee also Eastern Bengal and Beyla (Guinea), 991 Assam), agriculture, 161, 162 Beziers, 920 - area and population, 142 Bhag (Baluchistan), 183 -army, 157 Bh&galpnr (India), 148 -births and deaths, 147 Bharatpur, state, 144, 159 - finance, 155, 157 , state, 159 -forests, 161, 163 Bhopal, state, 144, 159 ; town, 148 - ~ovemment, 140 Bhutan, 808 -JUstice, 152 Bhutias (Bhutan), 808; (Nepal), 1262 -land tenure, 160 Biaka (Bhutan), 808 -railways, 174 Bida (Nigeria), 267 - religion, 149 Bielefeld (Prussia), 1016 -roads, 172 Bienne (Switzerland), 1544 - states, 143, 145 Bigha (vilayet), 1552 -trade, 166, 168, 169 Bijagoz Is. (Port. Guinea), 1377 Benghazi, 1562, 1577, 1578 Bijoutier Is. (Seychelles), 252 Benguella (Port. W. Africa), 13i8 Bikanir State, 144, 159 ; town, 148 Beni, El (Bolivia), 810 Bilbao (Spain), 1506 Benin (Nigeria), 270 Billiton (Dutch E. Indies), 1288, Beni Suef (Egypt), 1596, 1597 1289 ; mining, 1294 Benkulen (Dutch East Indies), 1289 Bingerville (Ivory Coast), 991 Berar, agriculture, 160-3 Bio-Bio (Chile), 831 - area and population, 142 Rirkenfelu, Principality of, 1089 - finanee, 155, 157 Birkenhead, po1mlation, 18 -forests, 161 Birmal, 705, 707 - land revenue, 155, 157 Birmingham, 18; Univ., 35, 36> - - tenure, 160 Birmingham, Ala., 473 · -religion, 149 Birney Island (Pacific), 404 INDEX 1647

BIS IIOU Bismark, N. Dak., 610 Bolivia, railways, 814 Bismarck Archipelago, 1051, 1057 -religion, 810 Bismarckburg (Togoland), 1052 -silver output, 813 Bissau (Port. Guinea), 1377 Bologna, 1161; town, 1167; Univ., (vilayet), 1562; town, 1563 1171 Bizerta, 942, 999 Bolton, population, 18 Bjorneborg, 1462 Boma (Congo), 87 4 ; port, 877 Blackburn, population, 18, 19 Bombay, presidency, 140, 142 Black Forest, 1122, 1123 --agriculture, 161-3 Blackpool, population, 19 --area and population, 142 Blagovyeshchensk, 1418 --army, 157 Blantyre (), 238 --births and deaths, 147 Blidah (Algeria), 972 - - finance, 155, 157 Bloemfontein, 241-5 - -forests, 161, 163 Bluefields (Nicaragua), 1302, 1303 - - government, 140 Blumenau (Brazil), 824 - -justice and crime, 152 Bluff Harbour (N. Z. ), 394 --land tenure, 160 Blyth, Port, 79, 94 - - religion, 149 Bo (W. Africa), 272 --roads, 172 Bobruisk, 1418 --states, 143, 144 Bocas del Toro (Panama), 1329 - - town, 148, 170 Bochum (Prussia), 1016 --trade, 166, 168, 169, 170, 172 Boeotia, 1129 -- University, 150 Bogota (Colombia), 868 Bonagai (N. Guinea), 3'79 Bohemia, area and population, 7 43 Bonaire Island (Dutch W.I.), 1298 - representation in Reichsrath, 7 40 Bonavfsta (Newfoundfal:td), 305 --provincial Diet, 741, 742 Bone (Algeria), 942, 972 Bohol Island (Philippines), 691 Bonin Islands (Japan), 1201 Boise, Io., 513 Bonn, 1060 ; University, 1020 Boke (), 991 Bonny (Nigeria), 268, 270 Bokhara, 1440, 1467; town, 1467 Bootie, population, 18 Bolama (Port. Guinea), 1377 Bora-Bora I. (Pacific), 1005 Bolan Pass district (Baluchistan), 182 Boras (Sweden), 1525 Bolan road, 708 Bordeaux, 920 ; faculties, 928; trade, Bolivar (Colombia), 868, 870 951 - (Ecuador), 907 Borgu (Nigeria), 266 -(Venezuela), 1630 Borneo, British North, 118, 188 Bolivia, area and·population, 809-10 -Dutch, 1288, 1289; coalmines,1294 -banks, 814-5 Bornu (Nigeria), 266, 267 - books of reference, 815-6 Bosnia ami Herzegovina, 778-9, 1561 -boundary disputes, 810 -books of reference, 785-6 - commerce, 813 Bosnian Brod, 779 -constitution and government, 809 Boston, Mass., 421, 423, 552, 553,554 - defence, 812 - shipping, 436, 460, 462, 558 - finance, 811-12 Botosani (Rumania), 1393 -instruction, 810-11 Bougainville I. (W. Pacific), 1057 -justice, 811 Bougie (Algeria), 972 - mines and minerals, 812-3 Bouhler (W. Australia), 367 -money, weights, and measu~es, Boulogne, 920 ; trade, 9 51 814-5 Boulogne-sur-Seine, 920 -posts and telegraphs, 814 Bounty Islands (N.Z.), :)97 - president, 809 Bourbon Island, or Reullion, 986-7 -production and industry, 812-3 Bourgas (Bulgaria), 1589 1648 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

BOU BRU Bourges, 920 Brechou, Island, 26 Bournemouth, population, l 8, 19 Breda, 1270 Bowditch Islands (Pacific), 404 Bremen, area and population, 1011, Boyaca (Colombia), 868 1014, 1016, 1075 Brabant (Belgium), 790 -books of reference, 1076 Brabant (Netherlands), 1268, 1270 -commerce and finance, 1075 Bradford, population, 18 -constitution, 1075 Braga (Portugal), 1365, 1366 - matricular contribution, 1024 Braganza (Portugal), 1365 -occupations of the people, 1013 Brahui tribe, 183, 184 - religion, 1075 Braila (Rumania), 1393 -representation (Imperial), 1009 Brakna (French W. Africa) 989 -schools, elementary, 1018, 1075 Bmndenburg, area, population, 1097 -shipping, 1041, 1043, 1075 - crime, 1102 Brescia (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 - religion, 1099 Breslau, 1016,1105; University, 1020 -town, 1016 Brest, 920; fort, 936 ; port, 942 Brass (Nigeria), 268, 270 Brest-Litovsk, 1418, 1429 Brasso (Kronstadt), 764 Brian9on (fortress), 930 Brava, 1193 Bridgeport, Conn., 423, 495 Brazil, area, 819 Bridgetown (Barbauos), 309 -army, 822 Brighton, population, 18 - banking, 827 Brisbane (Queensland), 328, 355 -books of reference, 828-9, 1074 Bristol, 18, 19 ; College, 37 - boundary disputes, 820 -port, 94 -cattle industry, 823 British Columbia, area, 282 - coffee, 823, 825, 826 - - finance, 290 -colonies (German and Italian),824 --fisheries, 290 - commerce, 824-6 - -instruction, 285 -constitution, 817 - - manufactures, 290 - cotton mills, 823 - - population, 282 - currency and credit, 827 - - religion, 284 -debt, 821-2 - - representation, 280, 281 -defence, 822 British Central Africa Protectorate, - diamond mining, 823 see N yasaland Protectorate -diplomatic representatives, 827-8 - East Africa, 216 -finance, 821-2 , see Great Britain, - gold mines, 823 England, Ireland, Scotland, -government, 817-8 &c. --local, 819-20 - Guiana, 301-3 - immigration, 820 - Honduras, 303-4 -instruction, 820-1 -New Guinea, 318, 379-81 -justice and crime, 821 - , 118 - mining, 823 - Pacific Islands, 402-6 -money, weights, and measures, 827 - West India Islands, 308 -navy, 822 Brou, 730 -population, 819-20 Broken Hill (N.S. W.), 333 - posts anu telegraphs, 826 Bromberg (Prussia), 1016 - president, 818 Brooklyn, N.Y., 436 - prouuction and industry, 823-4 Bruchsal (Baden), 1066 -railways, 826 Bruges (Belgium), 792 - religion, 820 Brunei, 119, 188 - shipping and navigation, 826 Brunn, 7 45, 748 Brazzaville (Congo), 978 Brunswick, Ga., shipping, 462, 512 INDEX 1649

BRU CAL Brunswick (Germany), area and pop., Bulgaria, shipping, 1589 1011, 1077 - Sobranje, 1584 -births, deaths, &c., 1014-15, 1077 - University, 1585 -books of reference, 1077 Bulbar (Somaliland), 254 -constitution, 1076-7 Bunder Abbas, 1344, 1346 - Council of Regency, 1076 (India), 144 -finance, 1077 Burgos (Spain), 1500 -instruction, 1018 Burma, agriculture, 161, 162 - matricular contribution, 1024 -area and population, 142 --occupations of the people, 1013 -births and deaths, 147 - railways, 1044 - finance, 155, 157 -representation (Imperial), 1009 -forests, 161, 163 - town, 1016, 1077 - government, 140 Brusque (Brazil), 824 -justice, 152 Brussa (vilayet), 1562; town, 1563 - land tenure, 160 Brussels, 792; University, 793 -railways, 174 Bucaramanga (Colombia), 868 -religion, 149 Bucharest, 1393; University, 1394 -roads, 172 Buckeburg, 1119 - trade, 166, 168, 169 Budapest, 764; University, 766 Burnley, population, 18 Buddhism in China, 843 Burntisland, port, 79, 94 -in Japan, 1203 Burton-on Trent, population, 18 - in Siam, 1495 Burutu (Nigeria), 268 Budi (Chile), 832 Bury, population, 18 Budweis, 743 Bushire, 1344, 1346 Buiia (Kamerun), 1053 Bushman race, 1053 Buenos Ayres (city), 711, 712, 720 (Uganda), 219 -(province), 711, 717 Busra, Basra, or Bassora, 1562 -University, 712 Butte (Montana), 576 Buffalo (N.Y.), 421, 423, 600 Byelaya Tserkov, 1418 Bugti tribe (Baluchistan), 181, 183 Byelgorod, 1418 Buka (Solomon Is.), 1057 Byelostok, 1418 Bukedi (Uganda), 219 Bukowina, area and population, 743 - representation in Reichsrath, 7 40 - representation in provincial Diet, ABINDA, 1378 742 C Cadiz, 1506 ; faculty, 1508 Bulawayo (Rhodesia), 246 Caen, 920 ; faculties, 928 Bulgaria, area and pop., 1561, 1584 Cagliari, 1162;town, 1167; Univ., 1171 - books of reference, 1589-90 Caicos Islands, 310, 311 -births, deaths, & marriages, 1584 Cairo, 1596, 1597 ; city, 1598 - commerce, 1588 Calabar, 268, 269, 270 - constitution & government, 1583 Calabria, 1162 -currency and credit, 1589 Calais, 920 ; trade, 951 -debt, 1585-6 Calamai, 113 0 - defence, 1586 Calbayog (Philippines), 691 - finance, 1585 Calcutta, 148, 152; trade, 170; Uni- -instruction, 1585 versity, 150 - po"ts and telegraphs, 1589 Caldas, dept. (Colombia), 868 - prince of, 1583 Calgary (Canada), 283 -production and industry, 1587 California, agriculture, 484-5, 487-8 - railways, 1589 -area and population, 418, 484-5 -religion, 1584-5 - commerce, 489 5 N 1650 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

CAL CAP California, constitution and govern- Canada, Governor-general, 280-1 ment, 482 -High commissioner, 281 - defence, 487 - House of Commons, 280 - finance, 486-7 - immigration, 283-4 - fisheries, 489 -import duties, 291 - forest reserves, 444, 488 - instruction, 284-5 - fruit, 444, 487 - internal communications, 296 -gold and precious stones, 447, 488 -justice and crime, 285-6 -justice and charity, 485 - manufactures, 290 - mining and manufactures, 488-9 - mining, 290 - public land, 440 -ministry, 281 - railways, 489 - money, weights, & measures, 297-8 - religion, 485 - parliament, 280 - representation, 413, 1[83 - population, 282-4 - schools and colleges, 426, 485 -posts, 296 - shipping, 489 - Privy Council, 281 - universities, 426, 485 - production and industry, 289-90 - wheat, 442, 487 - provinces, 282 -wine, 444, 487-8 -railways, 296 Calicut (India), 148 - religion, 284 Callao (Peru), 1352, 1358 - Senate, 280 Caltanisetta (Italy), 1163; town, 1167 - shipping and navigation, 295 Camagiie (Cuba), 886 - telegraphs, 296 Cambodia, 961, 964, 966-7 -towns, 283 Cambridge University, 34-35 -troops in (militia), 288-9 Cambridge (U.S.A.), 421, 423, 553 - universities, 284-5 Camden (U.S.A.), 423 - wheat and oats, 289 Camerino University, 1171 Cai'iar (Ecuador), 907 , see Kamerun Canary Islands, 1505, 1518 Camorta Island (Nicobars), 187 Candia (Crete), 1591 Campania, 1162 Can::Ja (Crete), 1591 Campeche (Mexico), 1237 Canelones (Uruguay), 1621, 1624 Campbell Islands (N.Z. ), 397 Canterbury, population, 18 Campobasso (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 Canterbury (N.Z.) district, 384 Canada, agriculture, 289 Canton (China), 844, 846, 847, 854 -area, 282 Cape Coast Castle (W. Africa), 270 -banks, 297 Cape of Good Hope; agriculture, 210 -books of reference, 298-300 - area and population, 205-7 -coal, 290 -banks, 214 -commerce, 291-5 - births, deaths and marriages, 207 - constitution, 279 -books of reference, 214-5 - currency and credit, 297 - commerce, 210-213 -customs, 291-3 - communications, 213 -debt, 287 - constitution, 204-5 - - provincial, 288 -customs valuation, 210-11 - defence, 288-9 -debt, 209 - finance, 286-7 -defence, 209-10 - - provincial, 288 -diamonds, 210, 212 - fisheries, 290 - finance, 208-9 -forestry, 290 - Governor, 205 -gold, 290 -government, 204-5 -government, 270 - High commissioner, 205 --provincial, 281-:.l - import duties, 210 INDEX 1651

CAP Cl!IY CaJ?6of Good HolM',instruction,207-8 Castries (S. Lucia), 315 - Justice and cnme, 208 Catamarca. (Arg. Rep.), 711, 717 - money, weights, and measures, 214

CEY CHI Ceylon, customs valuation, 126 Chemnitz (Saxony), 1016, 1114, 1115 - defence, 126 Chemulpo (Korea), 1225, 1227 -:- dependency (Maldive Islands), 128 Ch'eng-tu, 844 . - exports and imports, 126-7 Cherbourg, 920 ; fort., 936 ; port, 942 - finance, 125 Cherkassy, 1418 - governor, 122 Chernigov, 1418 - import duties, 127 Chester, population, 18 -instruction, 124 Cheyenne (Wy.), 681 -justice and crime, 125 Chiapas (Mexico), 1238 - military expenditure, 112, 125 Chicago, (Ill.), 420, 423, 516-21; - money, weights, and measures, 128 Univ., 518 - pauperism, 125 Chiengmai (Siam), 1493 - population, l 23-4 Chieti (Italy), 1162; town, 1167 -production, 126 Chifu, 845, 851, 854 - railways, 128 Chihuahua (Mex.), 1237; town, 1238 -religion, 124 Chile, agriculture, 835 - shipping, 127 - area and population, 831 2 -towns, 124 -army! 834 - troops in, 112, 126 - bankmg, 839 Charo (Argentina), 711 -books of reference, 840-1 Chad region (Fr. Congo), 978 - boundary disputes, 831 Chafarinas Islands, 1259, 1506 - births, deaths, and marriages, 832 Ch8gai (Baluchistan), 182, 184 - commerce, 886-8 Chagos Islands, 229 - constitution and government, 830 Chaldeans (in 'rurkey), 1526 - currency and credit, 839 Chaman (Baluchistan), 182 -debt, 834 Chamba (India), 145 - defence, 834-5 Champerico, Port (Guatemala), 1143 -diplomatic representatives, 840 Chandernagar (l!'rench India), 963,964 - finance, 833-4 Chang-chung (Kirin), 860 - government, 830 Ch'ang-sha (China), 844, 845, 854 -- local, 881 Channel Islands, areaandpopulation, - immigration, 832 14, 15, 25, 26 - instruction, 832-3 - books of reference, no - justice and crime, 833 -government, 103 - mining, 885-6 Chantabun (Siam), 1497 - money, weights, measures, 839-40 Chantuk (Siam), 1498 -navy, 835 Charjui, 1467 -nitrate exports, 836 Charkieh (Egypt), 1596, 1597 -pauperism, 833 Charleroy (Belgium), 792 - posts and telegraphs, 839 Charles Edward, Duke (Saxe-Coburg - president, 830 and Gotha), 1108 - production and industry, 835-6 Charleston, S.C., 423, 436, 637, 640 - railways, 838-9 shipping, 462 - religion, 832 Charleston (W. Va.), 672 -shipping and navigation, 838 Charlestown (), 313 -universities, 832 Charlottenburg, 1016 Chili (China), 844 Charters Towers (Queensland), 355 Chillan (Chile), 831 Chatalja (Turkey), 1561 Chiloe (Chile), 831, 832 Chatham Islands, 384, 396 Chimborazo (Ecuador), 907 Chaux-de-Fonds (Switzerland), 1544 China, area, 84 4 Chehkiang, 844, 851 -army, 850 Chelyabinsk, 1418 - books of reference, 863-6 INDEX 1653

CHI COL China, coal mines, 852 Cincinnati (Ohio), 421, 423, 613 - commerce, 853, et seq. Ciudad Bolivar (Venezuela), 1630 - copper, 852 Ciudad de Cura (Venezuela), 1630 - cotton, 851 Clermont, faculties, 928 - customs, maritime, 848 Clermont-Ferrand, 920 - customs valuation, 853 Cleveland (Ohio), 421, 423, 613 -debt, 849 Clichy, 920 - defence, 850-1 Coahuila (Mexico), 1237 - dependencies, 843, 860-2 Coastland (Austria), area and popu· -diplomatic representatives, 860 lation, 743 - finance, 848-9 -representation in Reichsrath, 740 - government, 842 --provincial Diet, 741, 742 - - local, 843 Cohan (Guatemala), 1140 - instntction, 847 Coburg, 1109 - leases of territory, 845, 965 Cochabamba, 810, 812; town, 810 - mines and minerals, 852 Cochin (Madras), 144 - money, weights, and measures, 859 Cochin-China(French), 961,964,967-8 - navy, 850-1 Cocos Islands, 188, 190 -population, 844-6 Codrington College (Barbados), 309 - ports, 845, 854 Coethen (Anhalt), 1064 - post and telegraphs, 858-6 Coimbra (Portugal), 1365, 1366 ; -production and industry, 851-2 Univ., 1368 - railways, 856-8 Coimbatore (India), 148 - reigning emperor, 842 Colchagua (Chile), 831 -religion, 846-7 Colima (Mexico), 1238 -roads, 856 College de France, 929 -shipping and navigation, 855-6 Coli'lane (Macao), 1376 - silk, 851, 853 Cologne, 1016, 1105 -tea, 851, 853-4 Colombia, area and population, 867-8 China, North, British troops in, 112 - books of reference, 873 Ch'i·nan (China), 844 - boundary disputes, 868 Chinandega (Nicaragua), 1302 - commerce, 870-1 Chinde, 239, 1379 - constitution and government, 867 Chinkiang, 845, 854 - currency and credit, 872 Chinnampo (Korea), 1225, 1227 - defence, 869 Chinwangtao (China), 845, 854 - diplomatic representatives, 872-3 Chiromo, 238 - finance, 869 Chishima (Kurile) Islands, 1202 -instruction, 869 , 705 -mines and minerals, 869-70 Chok Yi, Emperor (Korea), 1224 - money, weights, and measures, 872 Cholon (Cochin-China), 967 - posts and telegraphs, 872 Choluteca (Honduras), 1150 -president, 867 Chota Nagpur (India), 142 -production, 869-70 Choiseul I. (W. Pacific), 404 - railways, 871-2 Christchurch, N.Z., 188, 190, 1087 - religion, 868 Christianssand, fort (Norway), 1315 - river navigation, 872 Christmas Island (Pacific), 384, 404 -shipping, 871-2 Chubut, 711; colony at, 717 Colombo (Ceylon), 124, 126 Chulalongkorn I. (Siam), 1493 Colon (Panama), 1328, 1329, 1330 Chungking, 845, 854 - (Venezuela), 1630 Chuquisaca (Bolivia), 810 Colonia (Uruguay), 1621, 1624 Chutta tribes (Baluchistan), 184 Colonial territory (Bolivia), 810 Cienfuegos (Cuba), 886 Colonies, British, three classes of, 111 1654! THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

COL cos Colonies, British, military contribu· Connecticut, defence, 497 tions, 112 - finance, 496-7 --regimental establishments, 112 - instruction, 425, 495-6 Colorado, area and pop., 418, 491 - justice, 496 -constitution and govt., 413, 490 - mining, 497 - defence, 493 - production and industry, 499 - finance, 492 -representation, 413, 495 - instruction, 426, 491 - tobacco, 443, 497 -justice and charity, 491 Constantine (Algeria), 971, 972, 973 -mining, 447, 493 Oonstantinople1 1561 ; town, 1563 ; - production and industry, 493-4 shipping and trade, 1675 - public lands, 440 Constantinople, Patriarch of, 1563 -religion, 491 Cook Islands, 383, 396 -representation, 413, 491 Coolgardie (W. Australia), 367 Columbia, District of (U.S.A.), 416, Coorg (India), agriculture, 160-3 417, 501 - area and population, 142, 147 -area and population, 417, 502 -forests, 161, 163 - instruction, 603 -government, 140 Columbia (S. Oar.), 637 -land tenure, 160 Columbus (Ohio), 421, 423, 613 -religion, 149 Commerson Island (W. Pacific), 1057 -roads, 172 Commonwealth of Australia, see Copais Lake, 1134 Australia Copenhagen, population, 894, 895 Como (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 distilleries, 900 ; finance, 898 Comoro Isles, 962, 986 university, 896 Concepcion (Paraguay), 1332 Copts, 702, 1598-9 Conception, prov. (Chile), 831 Coquimbo (prov.), 831; port, 837 -town (Chile), 831 Cordoba (Arg. Rep.), 711, 717 Concord, N. H., 586 -town (Arg. Rep.), 711; univ., 712 Condamine (Monaco), 1248 C6rdoba (Spain), 1506 Confucianism, 843 Corea, see Korea Congo Independent State, area, 87 4-5 Corfu (Kercyra), 1129 ; town, 1130 -books of reference, 878-9 Corinth canal, 1137 -commerce, 876 Carinthia, 1129 -constitution and government, 874 Corinto (Nicaragua), 1302 -debt, 875-6 Corisco (Span. Africa), 1518 - defence, 875 Cork, 13, 25 ; Queen's College, 37 - finance, 875 Coronal, port (Chile), 837 -instruction, 876 Corrientes (Arg.), 711; town, 712 - population, 875 Corse (Corsica), 917, 931, 942 - production, 87 6 Coruiia (Spain), 1507 -railways, 877 Cosenza (lt!lly), 1162 ; town, 1167 -religion, 875 Cosmoledo Is. (Seychelles), 252 -river navigation, 877 Cossack schools, 1421; soldiers,1432-4 -posts and telegraphs, 877-8 Costa Rica, area and population, 880 - shipping, 877 - books of reference, 884 Congo, French, 962, 978-9 - commerce, 882-3 - Portuguese, 1378 - constitution, 880 Connaught, province, pop., 23-4 -debt, 881 - agricultural holdings, 7 4 - defence, 881 Connecticut, area & pop., 417, 495 - diplomatic representatives 884 - banking, 498 - finance, 881 ~constitution and govt., 413, 494 - government, 880 IND:EX 1655 cos DEB Costa Rica, industry, 882 Cura,.ao, 1~96, 1298-9 -instruction, 881 Curico (prov.), 831; town, 831 -justice, 881 Curieuse Is. (Seychelles), 252 - money, weights, and measures, 883 Cutch {India), 144 - posts and telegraphs, 883 Cuttack (India}, 148 - president, 880 Cuxhaven, 1029 - production, 882 Cuzco, Peru, 1352; Univ., 1353 -railways, 883 Cyclades, 1129 - religion, 881 , 129-32, 1561 - shipping, 883 - troops at, 112 Cothen (Anhalt), 1064 Czegled (Hungary), 764 Courtrai (Belgium), 792 Czenstochowo, 1418 Coventry, population, 18 Czernowitz, 745; University, 748 Covilha (Portugal), 1366 Covington, Ky., 636 Crab Island (W.I.), 31~ ABOSSA (Uganda), 219 Cracow, 730, 745; University, 748 D Dacca, 148 Cradock (Cape Colony), 207 Dadhar (Baluchistan), 183 Crai:ova (Rumania), 1393 Dahlak Archipelago, 1192 Cremona (Italy), 1161; town, 1167 Dahomey, 962, 988, 9&2-3 Crete, 112, 1561, 1590-1 Dakahlieh rEgypt), 1596, 1597 Crimmitschau (Saxony), 1115 Dakar (Senegal), 990 Cristobal, port (Panama), 1328 Dakota, see N. and S. Dakota Cristobal Colon (Venez.), 1630 Dalai Lama (Tibet), 861 Croatia-Slavouia, area and pop., 762 Dallas (Tex.), 423 - local government, 761-2 Dalmatia, area and population, 743 -justice and crime, 767 -representation in Reichsrath, 740 - representation in parliament, 760 - - provincial Diet, 742 --provincial Diet, 761 Damiio (India), 1376 - schools, 765-7 Damaraland (Ger. S. W. Af. ), 1()53-4 Cronstadt (Russia), see Kronstadt Damascus, 1563; trade, 1573 Crooked Island (Bahamas), 308 Damietta, 1596, 1597; city, 1598 Croydon, population, 18 Dampier I. (Pacific), 1057 Cuba, area and population, 885-6 Danakil1·ace, 987 - books of reference, 890 Danger Island (Cook Is.), 396 - commerce, 888-9 Danger Is. (Pacific), 404 - constitution and government, 885 Dansai region (Laos), 1494 -currency, 889 Danube (province), 1122, 1123 - defence, 887 Danube, navigation, 1400 - diplomatic representatives, 889 Danzig, naval port, 1029; shipping, - finance, 887 1043 - instruction, 886-7 Dar al Baida (Morocco), 1237 - minerals, 887 Darbhangah (India), 148 - production, 887 Dar-es-Salaam (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 - milways, 889 Darfur, 1r.78 - shipping, 889 Darmstadt (Hesse), 1016, 1083 Cucuta (Colombia), 868 Darn (New Guinea), 379 Cuenca (Ecuador), 907 Daru (W. Africa), 272 Ouddalore (IndifL), 148 Darwin (Falkland Is.), 300 Culebra (P. Rico), U.S. naval station, Darzadah race (Baluchistan), 184 436, 690 Daudi Chua, Kabaka (Uganda), 220 Cundinamarca (Colombia), 868 Dayton (Ollie>), 423, 613 Cuneo (Italy), 1161; town, 1167 Deb (of Bhutan), 808 1656 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

DEB DRE Debra Tabor (Abyssinia), 702 Denmark, religion, 895-6 Debreczen, 764 - Rigsdag, 893 Degama (Nigeria), 268, 270 -royal family, 891-2 Dehwar race (Baluchistan), 184 - shipping and navigation, 902 Delagoa Bay Railway, 1380 - university, 896 Delaware, area and pop., 417, 499 D'Entrecasteaux Islands, 379 -constitution and govt., 413, 498 Denver, Colo., 421, 423, 491, 492, 494 - defence, 500 Derby, population, 18, 19 - finance, 500 Derna (N. Africa), 1578 -instruction, 426, 499 Desirade I. (Guadeloupe), 1000 -justice and charity, 499-500 Des Moines (U.S.A.), 423, 526, 527 -production and industry, 500-1 Dessau (Anhalt), 1016, 1063 - representation, 413, 498 Desterro (Brazil), 824 Delft, 1270 Detmold (Lippe), 1085 Delhi, 148 Detroit (Mich.), 421, 423, 560 Delta Arauco (Venez.), 1630 Deventer, 1270 Demerara, 301 Devonport, population, 18 Dendermonde, 797 Dhar (India), 144 Denmark, agriculture, 899-900 Dharm Raja (of Bhutan), 808 - area and population, 894-5 Dhiraj Pirthivi Bir Bikram {Nepal), -army, 898-9 1225 -banks, 903 {India), 144 - births, deaths, and marriages, 895 Diarbekir (vilayet), 1562 ; town, - books of reference, 905 1563 ; trade, 1573 - colonies, 904 Diego Garcia Island, 229 - commerce, 900 Diego-Suarez, 980, 981, 982, 984 - constitution, 892-4 Dieppe, trade, 951 - currency and credit, 903 Diest, 797 - customs valuation, 901-2 Dijon, 920 ; faculties, 928 -debt, 898 Dilly, port, 1377 - defence, 898-9 Dindings (Perak), 188, 189 - diplomatic representatives, 901 Dingri (Tibet), 861 - distilleries, 900 Dinguiray (Guinea), 991 - emigration, 895 Dire-Dawa (Abyssinia), 703, 987 - finance, 896-8 District of Columbia (U.S.), 416, 417, -- local, 898 501 - fisheries, 900 -area and pop., 417, 502 - Folkething, 893 - instruction, 503 - government, 892-4 Diu (India), 1376 - - local, 894. Djibouti!, 703, 987-8 -import duties, 900-1 Diwangiri (Bhutan), 808 - instruction, 896 Dobruja, 1392, 1393 -justice and crime, 896 Dolnia Tuzla, 778, 779 - kings of, since 1448, 892 Dominica (B.W.L), 311, 312, 313 - Lanilsthing, 893 Dongola (Sudan), 1615 - ministry, 894 Dorclrecht, 1270 - money, weights, & measures, 904-5 Dorpat (Yuriev), 14.11, 1418; Univ., -navy, 899 1420 - occupations of the people, 895 Dortmund, 1016 - posts and telegraphs, 903 Dover (Del.), 498 -production and industry, 899-90 Dover, Port, 94 - railways, 903 Drammen (Norway), 1312 -reigning king, 891 Drenthe Province, 1268, 1270 INDEX 1657

DRB ECU Dresden, 1016, 1114, 1115 Dutch East Indies, shipping, 1295-6 Duala (Kamernn), 1058 - sugar culture, 1298 Dublin, 18, 24, 25; univ., 85, 36 - tea culture, 1295 -Catholic Univ. College, 87 - tobacco culture, 1294 Dubreka (Guinea), 991 Dutch Guiana {), 1296 Ducie Island (Pacific), 403 Dutch West Indies, 1296 Dudley, population, 18 Dutch Curac;ao, 1296 Dudoza Island (Pacific), 404 Dvinsk, 1418, 1429 Dueim (Sudan), 1615 Duff Islands (Pacific), 404 Duisburg, 1016 Duke of Clarence Islands, 404 AGLE (Trois Freres) Is., 229 Duke of York Islands, 404 E East Africa (British), 216 Duki district (Baluchistan), 182 {British), Dulcigno (Montenegro), 1251, 1258 216-19; books ofreference, 225-6 Duluth (Minn.), 428, 565, 667 East Africa (Gennan), 1051, 1065 Duma, the (Rnssia), 1406 East Africa {Port.), 1876, 1878-80 Diinaburg (Dvinsk), 1418, 1429 East Indies, Britiah. See India, Diinamunde, 1434 British Dundee, 22 ; College, 86 East Indies, Dutch. See Dutch East Dunedin, N.Z., 884; port, 398, 894 Indies Dunkerque, 920 ; defence, 936, 942 ; . East London (Cape Col.), 207, 212 trade, 951 Eastern Bengal and Assam, agricul· Durango (Mexico), state, 1287; town, ture, 161, 162 1288 -area and population, 142, 148, 161 Durania (tribe), 706 - births and deaths, 147 Dura.zno (Uruguay), 1621, 1624 - finance, 155, 157 Durban, 281, 284, 236 -forests, 168 Durham University, 84, 86 -government, 140 Durlach (Baden), 1066 -justice and crime, 152 Dusseldorf, 1016 - land revenue, 155 Dutch East Indies, 1287 -- tenure, 160 - agriculture, 1298 -railways (Assam), 174 -area and pop., 1289 - religion, 149 - births, deaths, and marriages, 1289 - roads (Assam), 172 -books of reference, 1300-1 - states, 145 - cinchona culture, 1298 -trade, 166, 168, 169 - coffee culture, 1292 Echegheh (Coptic), 702 -commerce, 1295 Economics, London School of, 36 - constitution and government, 1288 Ecuador, area and pop., 906-7 - consular representatives, 1296 -banks, 910 -currency and credit, 1296 -books of reference, 911 - defence 1292 - cocoa culture, 908 - finance, 1291 - commerce, 908 - ~vernor-geneml, 1289 - constitution and government, 906 - mstruction, 1290 -currency and credit, 910 - justiceandcrime,1291 -debt, 908 -mining, 1298 - defence, 908 - money, weights, measures, 1296 - diplomatic representatives, 911 - posts and telegraphs, 1296 - finance, 907 - production ana industry, 1292 - instruction, 907 - railways, 1296 - justice and crime, 907 - religion, 1290 - money, weights, a.nd measures, 911 1658 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

ECU BNG Ecuador, posts and telegraphs, 910 Elberfeld, 1016, 1105 - president, 906 Elbing (Prussia}, 1016 - production, 908 Eldama Ravine (E. Africa), 216 - railways, 910 El Darner (Sudan), 1615 - religion, 907 Eleuthera Island (Bahamas), 308 -roads, 910 Elgon (E. Africa), 216 -shipping and navigation, 910 Elima (Ivory Coast), 991 Eder (Waldeck), 1121 Elis, 1129 Edinburgh, 22 ; University, 35, 36 Elizabeth (N.J.), 423 Edmonton (Canada), 283 Ellice Islands (Pacific), 404 Edward VII., King and Emperor, 3 ; Elmina (Gold Coast), 270 title, 4 El-Obeid (Sudan), 1615 Efate Is. (Pacific), 405 Elobey, Great and Little, 1518 Efik tribes (Nigeria), 270 Elsass, Upper and Lower, 1061 Egypt, agriculture, 1606 Elvas (Portugal), 1366 - area, 1561, 1596-7 Ely, Isle of, 16 - army, 1605-6 Embo (E. Africa), 216 -books of reference, 1617-9 Emilia (Italy), 1161 - commerce, 1608-10 Emyrne (Madagascar), 982 - constitution and government, 1595 Enderbury Island (Pacific), 404 - cotton, 1609 England and Wales, agriculture, 71 -currency and credit, 1613 et seq. -customs valuation, 1609 -agricultural holdings, 73, 74 - debt, 1604-5 - area, 14-20 -diplomatic representatives, 1616-7 - Bank of England, 100 - El AzP.ar, Mosque, 1598 -banks, chartered, 100 -finance, 1603-5 --joint-stock, 100-1 - ~overnorships, 1596 --post-office, 101 -mstruction, 1599-1602 --trustee, 101-2 -irrigation, 1606--7, 1614 - births, deaths, and marriages, 26 -justice and crime, 1602-3 -books of reference, 105-9 - Khedive, 1594 - canals, 95-6 - money, weights, & measures, 1618-4 -cities and towns, 18, 19 - mudiriehs, 1596 -coal produce, 78 - occupations of the people, 1598 - commerce, 83 et seq. -population, 1597 - cotton factories, 81 -posts and telegraphs, 1612-3 -counties, administrative, 16, 17 -production and industry, 1606 - county boroughs, 18, 19 -railways, 1612 - criminals, 44 - religion, 1598-9 - education, elementary, 39-42 - shipping and navigation, 1610 -- medical, 36 - Suez Canal, 1611 -- middle-class, 37 - towns, 1598 --technical, 37, 38 - troops in, British, 112, 1605-6 -- universities, 34-7 -- native, 1605 - electorate, 7 Egyptian Sudan, 1614 - emigration, 27, 28 Egwanga (Nigeria), 268 - fishecies, 76 Eisenach, 1111, 1112 - illiterates, 39 Eisenberge (Waldeck), 1121 - immigration, 28 Elandslaagte (Natal) coal-field, 234 -imports and exports, 83-92 El Arish (Egypt), 1596, 1597 - justice and crime, 42-4 El Azhar, Cairo, 1598 - local government, 11, 12 El Beni (Bolivia), 810 - local taxation, 57, 58 INDEX 1659

ENG FIN England and Wales, metropolis (see ACATATIVA (Colombia), 868• also London), 20 F FadaN'Gourma(Dahomey), 993 - occupations of the people, 20 Faeroe Islands, 844 - parliamentary representation, 7 Fakaafo Islands, 404 - pauperism, 45, 46 Faizabad (India), 148 - police force, 45 Falashas (of Abyssinia), 702 - population, 14-20 Falcon (Venezuela), 1630 - property assessed, 54 , 300-1 - posts and telegraphs, 96-8 Fall River (Mass.), 421, 423 - railways, 94-5 Falmouth (Jamaica), 310 - religion, 29-31 Falun (Sweden), l 525 - revenue and expenditure, 48 et seq. Famagusta (Cyprus), 129 - textile factories, 80 Fanning Island (Pacific), 404 - towns and cities, 18, 19 Fargo (N. Dale), 610 - trade, 83 et seq. Faridkot, 159 - URiversities, 34-36 Farmuli, 707 Enkeldoorn (Rhodesia), 246 Faro (Portugal); 1365, 1366 Enschede (Netherlands), 1270 Farukhabad (India), 148 (Uganda), 221 Fayum, 1596, 1597 ; town, 1598 Entre Minho e Douro, 1365 Federal District (Brazil), 819, 820 Entre Rios (Arg. Rep.), 711, 717 J<'ederal District (Mexico), 1237 Enzeli (Persia), 1344 Federal District (Venezuela), 1630 Epinal, fortress, 936 Feira (Rhodesia), 249 Equator (Congo State), 874 Felegyhaza, 764 Erfurt, 1016 Felicite I. (Seychelles), 252 Erie (Pa. ), 423, 627 Feng-tien prov. (Manchuria), 860 Eritrea, 1192-3 Ferdinand, Prince (Bulgaria), 1583 Erivan, 1418 Ferencz Canal, 775 Erlangen (Bav.) 1072; Univ., 1020 Fernando Po (Span. Africa), 1518 Ernst, Duke (Saxe-Altenburg), 1107 Ferrara, 1161;town, 1167; univ., 1171 Ernst Ludwig, Gd.-Duke (Hesse), Ferro! (Spain), 1507 1081 Fez, (Morocco), 1256 Erzeroum (vilayet), 1562; town, 1563 Fife (N. Rhodesia), 248 Eskilstuna (Sweden), 1525 Fiji, 318 Esmeraldas (Ecuador), 907, 908; - area and population, 398-9 town, 907 - births and deaths, 399 Espirito Santo, prov. (Brazil), 819 - books of reference, 402 J<~spirito Santo Island (Pacific), 405 -commerce, 400-1 Esquimalt (Canada), 288 - communications, 401 Essen, 1016 -constitution and government, 398 Essequibo, 301 -debt, 400 Esslingen, 1123 - finance, 399-400 Estremadura, 1365 - instruction, 399 Eszek, 730 -production and industry, 400 Ethiopia, 701 - religion, 399 Euboea, 1129, 1134 - shipping, 401 Europe, British colonies in, 111-14 -sugar mills, 400 Evansville (U.S.A.), 423, 522 Finland, agriculture, 1464 Evora (Portugal), 1365, 1366 - area, 1414, 1462 Ewe Race (W. Africa), 992, 1052 - births, deaths, marriages, 1462 Exeter, population, 18 - canals, 1466 "Exuma Island (Bahamas), 308 -commerce, 1465 - crime, 1463 1660 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

FIN FRA Finland, emigration, 1462 Fort Wayne (Ind.), 423, 524 - finance, 1463 France, agriculture, 945-7 -forests, 1464 - area, 916 et .•eq. -government, 1410 -army, 936-41 -industry, 1464 - associations cttltuelles, 922 - instmction, 1463 -banks, 956 -iron, 1464 - births, deaths, and marriages, 920 -money, weights, an1 measures, 1466 - books of reference, 958-60 - pauperism, l 463 - budget, 933 et seq. -population, 1412, 1414, 1462 - canals, 954 - posts and telegraphs, 1466 - Chamber of Deputies, 913-4 -railways, 1466 -colonies and dependencies, 961-72 - religion, 1462 --trade of, 961-2 - shipping and navigation, 1465 - - Africa, 970 -towns, 1462 --America, 1000 -university, 1420, 1463 --Asia, 963 Fium~, 764; port, 774 - -Australasia, 11103 Flanders, 790 --Oceania, 1005 Flensburg, 1016 - commerce, 949-52 Flat Island (Seychelles), 252 --with United Kingdom, 952 Florence (Firenze), 1162; town, 1167 - Conseil d'Etat, 915 Flores (Uruguay), 1621 - Conseil Superieur des Colonies, Florianopolis (Brazil), 824 961 Florida, area and pop., 417, 503 - constitution, 912 -constitution and govt., 413, 504-5 - cotton industries, 948 - defence, 507 - currency and credit, 955-6 - finance, 506-7 - customs valuation, 949 -instruction, 426, 505-6 - debt, 934-5 -justice and charity, 506 - defence, 936 et seq. -production and industry, 507-8 - - frontier and fortresses, 936 - public lands, 440 - deficits, 934 - religion, 505 -departments, 917-8 - representation, 413, 504 -diplomatic representatives, 957-8 - rice crop, 442 - divorces, 920 Florida (Umguay), 1621, 1623 -faculties, 927-8 Flushing, 1283 - finance, local, 935 Focsani (Rumania), 1393 --state, 931-5 Foggia (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 - fisheries, 949 Fon race (W. Africa), 992 - foreigners residing in, 919 Forcados (Nigeria), 268, 270 -government, central, 912 Forli (Italy), 1161; town, 1167 - -local, 915 Formosa (Island of), 845, 1201, 1219 -illegitimacy, 920 -area and pop., 1220 - import duties, 949-51 - commerce, 1220 - instruction, 922-30 -finance, 1220 - internal communications, 954-5 -government, 1201, 1219 -justice and crime, 930-1 Formosa (Arg. Rep.), 711 - Latin Monetary Union, 956 Fort-de·France (), 1002 - live stock statistics, 947 Fort Hall (E. Africa), 216 -manufactures, 948 Fort Jameson (Rhodesia), 248 - mercantile navy, 953 Fort Johnston (Nyasaland), 238, 239 -mining and minerals, 947 Fort Sandeman (Baluchistan), 182 -ministry, 912-3 Fort Smith (Ark.), 480 -money, weights, & measures, 956-7 INDEX 1661

FRA GAR France, navy, 941 et seq. Friedrich II. (Baden), 1064 - occupations of the people, 919-20 Friedrich, Prince (Waldeck), 1120 - pauperism, 931 Friedrich August, King (Saxony), - population, 916 1112 --departments, 917-8 Friedrich August, Grand- Duke -- towns, 920 (Oldenburg), 1089 - posts and telegraphs, 955 Friedrich Franz IV., Grand-Duke -President, 912 (Mecklenburg-Schwerin), 1086 - production and industry, 945 et seq. Friedrich-W ilhelmshafen(W. Pacific), - railways, 954-5 1057 -religion, 921-2 Friendly Islands (Tonga), 402 -Senate, 914-5 Friesland, 1268, 1270 - shipping and navigation, 958-4 Fuchau, 844, 846, 847, 854 - silk industries, 94 7, 948 Fukien, 844, 851 -sovereigns and governments from Fukui (Japan), 1203 1589, 918 Fukuoka(Japan), 1203 - sugar works, 948 Fula Dugu dist.(Gambia), 273 - textile industries, 948 Fulani tribes (Nigeria), 268 - torpedo stations, 942 Funafuti I. (Pacific), 404 -towns, 920 Funchal, 1365, 1366 - tramways, 955 Furah Bay CoiL (Sierra Leone), 272 -universities, 927-8 Fiirth (Bavaria), 1016, 1072 -wheat, 946 Fnsan (Korea), 1225, 1227 - wine statistics, 947, 952 Futa Jallon (Guinea), 991 - woollen industries, 948 Futuna Island (Pacific), 1004 Francistown (S. Africa), 203 Fyzabad, 148 Franconia, 1070, 1072 Frankfort (Ky.), 535, 536 Frankfort-on-Main, 1016, 1105 Frankfort-on-Oder, 1016 ABERONES (S. Africa), 203 Franz Josef I. (Austria-Hungary), 724, G Gabun or Gabon, 978 726 Gaeta fort, 117 8 Fredericton (Canada), 288 Giifle (Sweden),1225 ; local gov., 1523 Frederik VIII., King of Denmark, Galan, dept. (Colombia), 868 891 Galapagos Islands, 906, 907, 908 Fredrikshald (Norway}, 1312 Galatz (Rumania), 1393, 1396 Fredrikstad (Norway), 1312; ship- Galicia (Austria), area and pop., 7 43 ping, 1321 -representation in Reicbsrath, 7 40 Freetown (Sierra Leone), 272 -- provincial Diet, 741, 742 Freiberg (Saxony), 1115 Gallalan d, 7 01 Freiburg (Baden}, 1016, 1065; town, Galla tribes, 216, 701 1066; Univ., 1020 Galle (Ceylon), 124 Fremantle (\V. Australia), 328, 367-8 Galveston, Tex., 460, 462, 650, 653 , 962, 978-9 Galway, Queen's College, 37 - Guiana, 931, 962, 963 Gambaga (W. Africa), 270 - Guinea, 962, 968, 988, 991 Gambia Colony & Protectorate, 273-6 - India, 961, 962, 963, 964 Gambier Islands (Pacific), 403, 1005 - Indo-China, 961, 964-6 Gamtak (Sikkim), 186 - Somali Coast, 957-8, 962, 963, 988 Gandawa (Baluchistan), 183 -, 961, 988 et seq. Ganges Canal, 163 Fribourg (cant n}, 1540, 1543; uni• Garawe (Liberia), 1231 versity, 1546o Gardner Island (Pacific), 404 Friedrich, Duke (Anhalt), 1063 Garhwal (Tehri) (India), 145 1662 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

GAR GHI Gartok, 862 German Empire, emigration, 1015 Gateshead, population, 18 - emperor and king, 1007 Gaya (India), 148 -emperors since 800, 1007-8 Gaza (Turkey in Asia), 1563 -finance, 1022-4 Geelong (Victoria), 346 - fisheries, 1035-6 Gelsenkirchen, 1016 -foreign dependencies, 1051 et seq. Geneva {canton), 1540, 1543 -foreigners resident in, 1013 Geneva, 1544; University, 1546 - forestry, 1034 Genoa, 1161; town, 1167; fort, 1178; -fruit trees, 1034 shipping, 1188; University, 1171 - illegitimacy, 1014 Georg II., Duke (Saxe-Meiningen), -import duties, 1037-8 1110 -inhabited houses, 1012 Georg, Prince (Schaumburg-Lippe), -instruction, 1017-20 1118 -justice and crime, 1021 George II. (Tonga), 402 -live stock, 1034 George Town (Penang), 189 -manufactures, 1036-7 Georgetown (Agcension I.), 201 - Matricular Beitriige, 1024 Georgetown (Guiana), 301 -mining and minerals, 1034-5 Georgia(U. S. A.), area and population, - money, weights, and measures, 104 7 417, 509 -navy, 1028-32 -constitution and govt., 508-9 -occupation census, 1895, 1012-13 - cotton crop, 443, 511 -pauperism, 1022 - defence, 511 - population, 1011 et seq. -finance, 510-11 - - of states, 1011 - instruction, 426, 510 --of towns, 1012, 1015 -justice and charity, 510 -postal statistics, 1045-6 -production and industry, 511-12 -production and industry, 1032 -religion, 510 -railways, 1043-4 -representation, 417, 509 - Reichstag, 1009-10 -rice crop, 442, 511 -religion, 1017 Georgios I. (Greece), 1127 -religious censuses, 1017 Gera (Reuss), 1107 -royal family, 1007 German East Africa, 1051, 1055-6 - schools, elementary, 1017-8 German Empire, agriculture, 1032 --secondary, 1018-19 -area, 1011 --technical, 1019-20 ' - army, 1025-8 - secretaries of state, 1010 - banks, 1047 -shipping, 1041-3 -beer brewed, 1037 -states, 1009-10 -births, deaths, and marriages, 1014 -sugar manufacture, 1036 - books of reference, 1048-50 - telegraphs, 1046 - Bundesrath, 1008-10 - towns, 1045-16 -canals and navigations, 1045 -universities, 1020 -colonies and dependencies, 1051 - wheat, 1033, 1034 et seq. German New Guinea, 1051 -commerce, 1037 et seq. German S.-W. Africa, 1051, 1053-4 - constitution and government, 1008 German West Africa, see Kamerun, &c. - crops, 1033-4 Germany, states of, 1061 -currency and credit, 1047 Ghadames (N. Africa), 1578 - customs valuation, 1038 Gharbieh (Egypt), 1596, 1597 -debt, 1024 Ghardaia (Algeria), 970 -defence and fortresses, 1024 Ghat (N. Africa), 1578 --frontier, 1024 Ghent, 792; University, 793 - diplomatic representatives, 1048 Ghilzais (tribe), 706 INDEX 1663

GHU GRE Ghulam race (Baluchistan), 184 Gotha, 1109 Gibeon (Ger. S. W. Africa), 1053,1054 Gothard (defence), 1548 , 113 Gouda, 1270 - troops at, 112 Gough's Island, 251' Giessen (Hesse), 1083 ; Univ., 1020 Goulbum (N.S.W.), 333 Gifu (Japan), 1203 Goyaz, prov. (Brazil), 819 Gijon (Spain), 1506 Gozo Island, 114 Gilan, 1343 Graaff-Reinet, 207 Gilbert Islands (Pacific), 404 Gradiska, 730 Gipsies in Spain, 1506 ; in Bulgaria, Graham's Town, 207 1684; in Servia, 1393; in Persia, Granada (Spain), 1506 ; univ., 1508 1340; in Rumania, 1393; in - (Nicaragua), 1302 Turkey, 1563 Grand Basa (Liberia), 1231 Girga (Egypt), 1596, 1597 Grand Bassam (Ivory Coast), 991, 992 Girgenti, (Sicily), 1162; town, 1167 Grande Aldee (French India),, 963 Girton College, Cambridge, 37 Grande Comore Island, 986 Giudimaka (Fr. W. Af.), 989 Grande-Terre (Guadeloupe), 1000 Gizeh (Egypt), 1596, 1597 Grand Turk (W.I.), 311 Glarus (canton), 1540, 1542 Grand Lahou Elima (Ivory Coast), 991 Glasgow, 22; University, 35, 36 Grand Popo (Dahomey), 992 - port, 79, 94 Grand Rapids (U.S.A.), 423, 560 - technical college, 37 Grangemouth, Port, 79, 94 Glauchau (Saxony), 1115 Granville (N. S. W. ), 333 Gleiwitz (Prussia), 1016 Gratz, 745 ; University, 748 Glorieuse Archipelago, 986 Graubunden (Grisons), 1540, 1543 Gloucester, population, 18 Great Britain, administrations since Gmiind, 1123 1841, 11 Goa (Portuguese India), 1376 - agriculture, 71 Goajira, Ter. (Colombia), 868 - agricultural holdings, 73-4 Gobabis (German S. W. Africa), 1054 --education, 75-6 Gobi desert, 802 Great Britain, area, 14 Godavari irrigation, 163 --cultivable, 71-2 Gojam (Abyssinia), 701 -army, 58 Gold Coast, 266, 270-1, 273-6 --distribution, 62, 111-12 Gold Coast Territories, 271 --estimates, 51 Gomal Pass, 108 - - in India, 62 Gomel (Russia), 1418 --organisation, 59-63 Gonaives (Haiti), 1146 - - regular, 59, 63 Gondar (Abyssinia), 701 - - territorial, 59-63 Gondokoro (E. Africa), 221 - Bank of England, 100 Goole, Port, 94 - banks, chartered, 100 Goppingen, 1123 --joint-stock, 100-1 Gora race (Liberia), 1231 - -post-office, 101 Gorakhpur (India), 148 --trustee, 101-2 Gordon College (Khartoum), 1616 - barley produce, 72, 73 Goree (Senegal), 990 - births, deaths, & marriages, 26, 27 Gorgol (French W. Africa), 989 -books of reference, 104-10 Gorlitz, 1016 - budgets, 4 7 Gorz and.Gradiska, 740, 742 -cabinet, 8-10 Gospodar of Montenegro, 1215 - canals, 95-6 Goteborg (Sweden), 1522, 1525, 1528; -- annual value, 54 government, 1523; shipping, 1534 -census, 14 Gottingen, University, 1020 - Civil Service estimates, 52-3 1664 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

GRE GRE Great Britain, Civil List, 5 Great Britain, flax, 82 -coal raised, 77, 78 -forestry, 76 -coal exports, 78-9 - gas works, annual value, 54 --ports, 79 -gold bullionimportsandexports,87 - colonies & dependencies, 111 et seq. - government, imperial and cen- - commerce, 83-92 tral, 6 -Commons, House of, 6-7 - - executive, 8 - consolidated fund services, 50 --local, 11-13 - constitution, 6 - heir-apparent, 3 ; income of, 5 - corn and green crops, 71-3 - house-duty revenue, 49 - cotton, consumption, 81 - illiteracy, 39 - - exports, 82-3 -immigration, 27-8 --factories, 81 - imports, 83-91 - -imports, 81-2 - - average per head, 84 -Councils, county, 11-12 --cotton, 82-3, 90 --district, 12 - - flax, 83, 90 - - parish, 12 --flour, 88-90 - Counties, Administrative, Eng- --food, 89 land and Wales, list of, 16, 17 --- -per head, 91 -County boroughs, list of, 18-19 -- - foreign and colonial, 86-87 -credit, 99 -- - gold and silver, 87 - crime, 42-5 - - iron, 79, 90 - crops, description & produce,71-3 --metals and minerals, 79-80, 90 - Crown lands revenue, 49 - - principal articles, 90-2 - customs, 48 --tea, 89 - - valuation, 84 --wheat, 89 - deaths, 26-7 --wool, 81-2, 90 -debt, 50, 56-57 - income tax, 49, 54 - defence, 58-71 -inhabited houses, 19, 22, 25 -education, 34-42 -instruction, 34-42 --Board of, 37 - - military, 64 - electors, 7-8 -iron imports, 79, 90 - estate duties, 49 -iron ore, 77, 79 -estimates, 47-53 --works, 80 -emigration, 27-9 - - - annual value, 54 - excise, 54-55 -justice and crime, 42-45 - expenditure, 49-53 - King and Emperor, 3 - exports, 83-92 - land distribution, 71 - - average per head, 84 --tax, 49 --coal, &c., 78-9 - live stock, 72 - - cotton, 82-3 -Local Government, 11-13 - - cottons, 83 --taxation, 57-8 - -foreign and colonial, 86-7 - Lords, House of, 6 - -gold and silver, 87 - marriages, 26, 27 - - iron and steel, 79-80, 91 -medical schools, 36, 37 --principal articles, 90-1 - metal imports, 79-80, 90 --textiles, 81--3, 90-1 - mi!it"try expenditure, colonial con- --wool, 81-3 tribution, 111-12 - - woollens, 82, 83, 91 -military commands, 58-9 - farm holdings, 73, 7 4 - minerals, 77-80 -finance, 47-58 -mines, 78; value, 54 - fish imports and exports, 77 - ministries since 1841, 11 -fisheries, 76 - ministry, 8-10 INDEX IG65

GRE GRO Great Britain, money, 99-102 Great Britain, technical education,37 -9 - money, weights and measures, 102 - telegraphs, 49-50, 98-9 - municipal corporations, 12 - telephones, 99 -national debt, 56-7 - textile industry, 81-3 - navigation, 92-4, 95-6 - tramways, 95 - navy, 64 et seq. -universities, 34-7 - - armoured cruisers, 68-9 - waterworks, annual value of, 54 --battle ships, 67-68 - wheat produce, 72-3 -- Board of Admiralty, 64-5 -wool, home-grown, 81 - - estimates, 52, 64 - -imported and exported, 81-2 - - number of seamen and Great Inagua Island (W. I.), 308 marines, 65 Great Nicobar Island (Andamans), 187 - - programme for 1908-9, 64 Greece, agriculture, 1134 - - protected cruisers, 69 -area and pop., 1128-30 --reserved merchant cruisers, 66 - army, 1132-3 - - submarines, 71 - books of reference, 1138-9 - - summary of fleet, 66 - Bule, II28 - oats produce, 72, 73 - commerce, 1135-6 - occupations of the people, 20, 23, - constitution, 1128 25 - currant crop, 1134 - parliaments : duration, 8 -currency and credit, 1137 - pauperism, 45-47 - customs duties, 1135-6 - police force, 45 -debt, 1132 - population, 14-29 - defence, ll32-4 - -counties, 16-24 - diplomatic representatives, 1138 --county boroughs, 18-19 - finance, 1131-2 --divisions of United Kingdom, -instruction, ll31 14-15 -mining, ll34-5 - - towns, 22, 25 - ministry, 1095 - postal statistics, 96-9 -money, weights, measures, 1137-8 - prime ministers, list of, 11 -navy, ll33-4 - production, 71 - posts and telegraphs, 1137 -property and income tax, 49 -production and industry, 1134-5 - quarries, annual value, 54 - railways, 1137 - railways, 94-5 - reigning king, 1127 --value, 54 -religion, 1130-1 - registered electors, 7 - shipping, 1136-7 - religion, 29-34 -towns, 1130 -revenue and expenditure, 47 et seq. - University, 1131 - royal family, 3-4 Greenland, 904 --grants, 5 Green and Sea Point (Cape Col.), 207 -salt, 78 Greenock, population, 22 - schools, elementary, 39-41 Greifswald University, 1020 - -middle-class, 37-9 Greiz (Reuss), 1106 -scientific (elementary) instruction, (W.I.), 314, 315-7 37-8 Grenadines, the, 314 - shipping, 92-4 Grenoble, 920; faculties, 928; fort, 986 -silver bullion imports and exports, Grimsby, 18; Port, 79, 94 87 Griqualantl. (Africa), 206 - sovereigns, list of, 5 Grisons (Switzerland), 1540, 1543 - stamps (revenue), 49 Grodno, 1418 - taxation, 54 Groniugen (province), 1268, 1270 --local, 57 Groningen (town), 1270; univ., 1271 5 0 1666 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

GRO HAM Grosseto (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 Gwanda (Rhodesia), 246 Guadalajara (Mexico), 1238 Gwelo (Rhodesia), 246 Guadalcanar Island (Pacific), 404 Gyangtze, 862 Guadeloupe, 962, 963, 1000-1 Gympie (Queensland), 355 Guam or Guahan (Ladrones ), 696, 105 7 Gyulafehervar, 730 Guanacaste (Costa Rica), 880 Guanajuato (Mexico), state, 1237 ; town, 1238 AAKON VII., Ring (Norway), Guanare (Venezuela), 1630 H 3, 891, 1307 Guantanamo, Cuba, navalstation,436 Haapai Island (Tonga), 402 Guarico (Venezuela), 1630 Haarlem, 1270 Guatemala, area and population, 1140 Habibullah Khan (Afghanistan), 705 - banks, 1144 Habus lands (Tunis), 996 -books of reference, 1144-5 Hackney College, London, 36 -commerce, 1142-3 Hagen, 1016 -constitution, 1140 Hague, The, 1270 - crime, 1140 Haidarabad, area, &c., 143 - defence, 1141 - military contingent, 159 -diplomatic representatives, 1144 -religion, 149 -finance, 1141 - revenue, 143 -minerals, 1142 -town, 148 - money, weights, and measures, 1144 Hainan I., 852 -posts and telegraphs, 1144 Hainaut, 790 -president, 1140 Haiphong (Tonking), 968 -production and industry, 1141 Haiti, 1146-9 -railways, 1143 Hakodate (Japan), 1203; port, 1215 -religion and instruction, 1141 Half Cavalla (Liberia), 1231 -shipping, 1143 Haifa (Sudan), 1615 ; town, 1615 Guatemala Ia Nueva, 1140 Halifax, population, 18 Guayaquil, 907, 908 Halifax, Nova. Scotia, 283, 293 Guayas (Ecuador), 907 -troops at, 288 Guebres (Persia), 1340 Hall Island (Pacific), 404 Guelders, 1268, 1270 Halle-on-Saale, 1016; univ., 1020 Guerga or Girga (Egypt), 1596, 1597 Halmstad (Sweden), 1525 Guernsey, government, 103 Halsingborg (Sweden), 1525 - Herm, and J ethou, pop., 25, 26 Hamadiln (Persia), 1340 Guerrero (Mexico), 1238 Hamburg, area and pop., 1011, 1016, Guiana (British), 301-3 1078 - (Dutch), 1296 - births, deaths, and marriages, 1014, - (French), 931, 962, 963 1079 Guinea (French), 962, 968, 988, 991, -books of reference, 1081 1001 -commerce and shipping, 1079-80 - (Portuguese), 1376, 1377 -constitution, 1077-8 - (Spanish), 1518 -emigration, 1015, 1078 Giinther, Prince(Schwarzburg-Rmlol- -finance, 1079 stadt), 1119 -instruction, 1018, 1079 Gurangs (Nepal), 1262 - matricular contribution, 1024 Gurkhas (Nepal), 1262 -occupations of the people, 1013 Gustav V. (Sweden), 1520 -religion, justice, 1079 Giistrow (Mecklenburg-Schwerin), - representation (Imperial), 1009 1087 -shipping, 1041, 1043, 1079-80 Guthrie (Okh.), 617, 618 Hamilton (Bermudas), 277 Gwalior, 144, 159 - (Ontario), 283 INDEX 1667

HAN RON Hangchau, 845, 854 Hermit Island (W. Pacific), 1057 Hankau, 844, 845, 854 Hermoupolis, 1130 Hanley, population, 18 'sHertogenbosch, 1270 Hanoi (Tanking), 964, 968 Herzegovina, see Bosnia and Herze- Hanover, 1016, 1105 govina -province, area and pop., 1097 Hesse, area & pop., 1011, 1014, 1081 --crime, 1102 -books of reference, 1034 --religion, 1099 - constitution, 1081 Hanyang (China), 852 - emigration, 1015, 1083 Harar or Harrar, 702, 703, 1615 -finance, 1083 Harbour Grace (Newfoundland), 305 - grand-duke, 1081 Harbour Island (Bahamas), 308 -instruction, 1018, 1083 Harburg, 1016 - matricular contribution, 1024 Harrisburg (Pa. ), 423, 627 - occupations of the people, 1013 Harrismith (O.R.C.), 243 - production and industry, 1084 Hartford (Conn.), 423, 495 -railways, 1044 Hartlepool, Port, 94 -religion, 1017, 1083 Hartley (Rhodesia), 246 -representation, Imperial, 1009 Hartley Coll., Southampton, 37 Hesse, Upper, 1082 Harvard University (U.S.A.), 554 -Rhenish, 1082 Harwich, Port, 94 Hesse-Nassau, area, &c., 1097 Hastings, population, 18 -crime, 1102 Rausa tribes (Nigeria), 266 -religion, 1099 Havana (province), 886; town, 886 ; Hidalgo {Mexico), 1237 university, 887 Hill Tipperah (India), 145 Havre, le, 920 ; trade, 951 Hirosaki (Japan), 1203 Hawaii, area and pop., 418, 686-7 Himeji (Japan), 1203 - books of reference, 688 Hiroshima (Japan), 1203 -commerce, shipping, &c., 687-8 Hissar, 1467 -constitution and govt., 416, 686 Hivaoa Island (Pacific), 1005 - instruction, 687 Hobart (Tasmania), 328, 375, 378 -justice, 687 Hoboken (U.S.A.), 423, 590 -naval station, 436 H6d-Mezo Vasarhely, 764 - production, 687 Hof (Bavaria), 1072 Hawke's Bay (N.Z.), district, 384 Hohenlohe - Langenhurg, Prince, Hazar Asp, 1468 Stattholder Alsace-Lorraine, 1061 Hazaras (tribe), 706 Hohenzollern, area, &c., 1097 Heidelberg, 1066 ; Univ., 1020 -crime, 1102 Heidelberg (S. Af.), gold field, 261 -religion, 1099 Heilbronn, 112il Hokkaido (Japan), 1201 Heinrich, XIV. (Reuss), 1106 Hokoto (Pescadores) Islands, 1201 Heinrich XXIV. (Reuss), 1106 Holland, see Netherlands Hejas (vilayet), 1562 Holland (N. and S.), 1268, 1270 Helder, 1270 Holland, parts of, 16 Helena (Montana), 576 Holloway College, Egham, 36 Helsingborg (Sweden), 1488 Holyoke (Mass.), 428 Helsingfors, 1418, 1462, 1463; Univ., Honan (China), 844 1420 Honduras, area and population, 1150 Helung-kiang, prov. (Manchuria), 1"60 - books of reference, 1154 Herat, 705-7 -commerce, 1151-2 Herbertshohe (W. Pacific), 1057 - constitution and govt., 1150 Heredia (Costa Rica), 880 -debt, 1151 Herm, Island, 26 -diplomatic representatives, 1153 5 0 2 1668 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

HON IDA Honduras, finance, 1151 Hungary, births, deaths, and mar- - instruction, 1150 riages, 764 - money, weights, & measures, 1153 -books of reference, 782-4 - posts and telegraphs, 1153 - breweries, 773 - president, 1150 -canals, 774-5 - production and industry, 1151 -commerce, 773-4 -railway, 1153 - constitution, 760 Honduras, BLtish, 303-4 -currency and credit, 776-7 Hongay (Tanking), 968 - customs valuation, 773 Hong Kong, administration, 132 -debt, 769 - area and population, 132-3 - emigration, 764 -banks, 137 - finance, 768-9 - births and deaths, 133 -forestry, 769, 772 -books of reference, 137 - government, 760 - commerce, 135-6 - -local, 761 -currency and credit, 137 - - provincial, 761-2 - defence, 135 -instruction, 765-7 - emigration and immigration, 134 -justice and crime, 767 - exports and imports, 136 - language, 763 - finance, 134-5 - manufactures, 772-3 -governor, 132 - mining and minerals, 772 - instruction, 134 - ministry, 760-1 -justice and crime, 134 - occupations of the people, 763 -lease of territory, 133, 845 - parliament, 760 - military expenditure, 112 -pauperism, 768 -money, weights, and measures, 137 - post and telegraphs, 775-6 -shipping, 135 - production, 769 ,.---- troops at, 112, 135 -railways, 775 Honolulu, 687, 688 - reigning sovereign, 724 Honshiu (Japan), 1201 - religion, 765 Horsens (Denmark), 895 -rivers, 774-5 Hottentots, 206, 1053 - royal family, 724-5 Houston (Tex.), 423, 650 - shipping and navigation, 77 4 Hova race (Madagascar), 981 -silk culture, 772 Howrah (India), 148 -towns, 764 Hsi-an, 844 -universities, 766-7 Hsin-chiang, prov. (China), 862 Hungary Proper, 760, 762, 767 Huahine Island (Pacific), 1005 Huon Islands (Pacific), 1004 Huanchaca (Bolivia), 813 Hupeh, 844, 851 Huanillos (Peru), 1356 Huy (Belgium), 797 Huanuni district, (Bolivia), 813 Hubli (India), 148 Huddersfield, population, 18 BADAN (W. Africa), 269 Hue (Annam), 966 I Ibague (Colombia), 868 Huila, dept. (Colombia) 868 Ibrahim, Sultan of J ohore, 198 Huitla (Angola), 1378 Ibo (Port. E. Africa), 1379 Hull, 18 ; Port, 79, 94 Ibo tribes (Nigeria), 270 Hunan, 817, 844, 851 Iceland, 894, 904 Hungary, see also under Austria- Ichang, 845, 854 Hungary Jdahc, area and population, 418, 513 -agriculture, 769-72 - constitution and government, 513 -area and pop., 762 - defence, 512 - banks, 77 6-7 - finance, 513 INDEX 1669

IDA IND Idaho, instruction, 426, 513 India, emigration, 147 -justice and charity, 514 - executive authority, 139 -mining, 447, 515 - expenditure, 153-7 -production and industry, 515 -exports, merchandise, 164.-70 -public lands, 440 --treasure, 165-6 -representation, 417, 513 - finance, 153-7 Ijo tribes (Nigeria), 270 -forest ground, 161, 163 Iki Islands (Japan), 1201 -- revenue, 154 Ilbeggi, chief (Persia), 1339 - government, 138 Ilkhani, chief (Persia), 1339 -- local, 141 Illinois, agriculture, 520 -Governor-general, 139 -area and population, 418, 517 - governors-general, list of, 139 -coal, 520 - Governors of provinces, 140 -constitution and government, 516 - Imperial service troops, 158 -defence, 519 -import duties, 165 -finance, 519 -imports, merchandise, 164-70 - instruction, 426, 517-8 - -treasure, 165, 166 -justice and charity, 518-9 - instruction, 150 -production and industry, 520-1 --medical colleges, 150-1 - public lands, 440 --normal schools, 150-1 -representation, 413, 516 --technical schools, 150-1 - wheat crop, 442, 520 -- universities, 150 Illorin (Nigeria), 266 - internal communications, 172-4 Iloilo (Philippines), 691 -justice and crime, 152-3 Imbabura (Ecuador), 907 -land, cultivated and uncultivated, Imperial College of Science and 161 Technology, 36 -- irrigated, 162-3 Imphal (India), 148 -land revenue, 154, 155 Inaccessible Island, 251 - -tenure, 155, 160 India (British), agriculture, 159 et seq. - languages, 145-6 -area, 138, 141 et seq. -money, weights, measures, 178 -army expenditure, 156 - municipal finance, 157 --European, 112, 157 - -government, 141 - -native, 158 - native states, 141, 143-5 --of feudatory states, 159 -newspapers, vernacular, 151 -banks, savings, 177 - occupations of the people, 146 -births and deaths, 147 - opium revenue, 154, 155, 156 -- books of reference, 178 - police, 153 -canals, 163, 172 -population, 141 et seq. - capital of joint-stock companies, - -British territory, 141, 142 163-4 - -civil condition, 145 - collieries, 164 - -presidencies and provinces, 142 -commerce, 164-70 --native states, 143-5 - constitution, 138 ---according to language, 145-6 -cotton mills, 163 -- British born, 146 - council, 138, 139 --occupations of, 146 - council of Governor-General, 139-40 --of towns, 147, 148 - crime, 152-3 -- distribution according to re- -crops, 162 ligion, 148-50 -currency and credit, 175-7 -- in E. Africa, 217 - customs valuation, 154, 155 -- in S. Africa, 230, 231, 256 -debt, 156 -- in Zanzibar, 222 -defence, 157-9 - posts aJHl telegraphs, 17 4-5 1670 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

IND 18L India, production & industry, 159-64 Ipswich, population, 18 -provinces, 140, 142 Ipswich (Queensland}, 355 -railways, 172-3 lquique, 831, 837 - religion, 148--50 Iquitos (Peru), 1352, 1356, 1359 - revenue, 153-7 Irbit (Russia), 1418 -roads, 172 Ireland, agriculture, 71 et seq. - sslt revenue, 154, 155 -- holdings, 7 4 -sea-borne external trade, 164, 165 - area, 14, 15, 23-4 - Secretary of State, 138 - banks, joint-stock, 100 - shipping and navigation, 170-2 --post-office, 101 -tenure of land, 155, 160 --trustee ssvings-banks, 101-2 -towns, 147-8 - births, deaths, and marriages, 27 - trans-frontier land trade, 170 - books of reference, 110 -Universities, 150 - canals, 95, 96 India (French), 961, 962, 963-4 - cities and towns, 25 India (Portuguese), 1376 - coal produce, 79 Indian Territory, 416, 418, 419, 443; - commerce, 82-85 details, 619-20 - cotton factories, 81 Indiana, agriculture, 525 - counties, 24 -area and pop., 418, 522 - criminals, 45 -coal, 525 - education, elementary, 42 -constitution and govt., 521-2 - - middle-class, 39 - defence, 524 -- technical, 39 - finance, 524 - - universities, 35-37 - instruction, 426, 523 - electorate, 7 -justice and charity, 523-4 - emigration, 27-9 -- production and industry, 525-6 - fisheries, 7 6 -public lands, 440 -forestry, 76 - religion, 523 -illiterates, 39 - representation, 413, 521 - imports and exports, 85 - tobacco, 443 -justice and crime, 44, 45 -wheat crop, 442, 525 - language, 15 Indianapolis (Ind.), 421, 423,522, 524 - live stock, 72 Indians (N.American), 413, 416, 417, - local government, 13 419, 434, 441, 595, 620 - local taxation, 57-8 Indo-China, French, 961, 964-6 - occupations of the people, 25 Indore (India), 144, 159 - parliamentary representation, 7 Ingoldstadt {Bavaria), 1072 - pauperism, 46, 47 lnhambane(Port.E.Africa),1378,1379 - police force, 45 Innsbruck University, 748 -pop., 14-15, 23-5; towns, 25 Intendencias (Colombia), 868 - pop., provinces, 23, 24 Iowa, agriculture, 529 - posts and telegraphs, 96-8 -area and pop., 418, 527 - property assessed, 54 -coal, 529 -railways, 94, 95 - constitution and govt., 526 - religion, 33, 34 - defence, 529 -revenue and expenditure, 48etseq. - finance, 529 - trade, 83 et seq. - instruction, 426, 527-8 - universities, 35-7 -justice, charity, 527 Irkutsk, 1418 - production and industry, 529-30 Isabel Island (W. Pacific), 404, 1057 - public lands, 440 Isles de Los (W. Africa), 272, 988 - religion, 527 Isle of Man, area and population, 14, - representation, 413, 526 15, 25, :!6; governm~nt, 102-3 INDEX 1671

ISL JAP Isle of Man, books of reference, 110 Italy, towns, 1166-7 Isle of Pines, 1003, 1004 -universities, 1171 Ismailia, 1596 I vangorod,-1429 Ismid (mutessarifat), 1562 Ivanovo-Voznesensk, 1418 Ispahan, 1339, 1344 Ivory Coast (French),962, 988, 991-2 I stria, 7 40, 7 42 Izmail, 1418 I tajahy (Brazil), 824 Izhevsk, 1418 Italy, agricnlture, 1182 Izhra, 1435 -area, l160 et seq, -army, 1178-80 --African, 1180-3 ABALPUR (India), 148 -banks, 1190-1 J Jackson (Miss.), 568 - births, deaths, and marriages, 1165 Jackson ville (Fla.), 505, 508 -books of reference, 1193-7 Jaffa, 1563 ; trade, 1573 - Chamber of Deputies, 1157 Jaffna (Ceylon), 124 - commeroe, 1185-7 Jagst, 1122, 1123 - constitution, 1157 Jaipur, 144, 159; town, 148 -currency and credit, 1189-91 Jaisalmir state, 144 -customs, 1187 J alandhar (India), 148 -debt, 1176-7 Jalisco (Mexico), 1238 -defence, 1177 Jaluit (Pacific), 1058 -diplomatic representatives, 1191 Jamaica, 310, 315-17 - emigration, 1165-6 -troops at, 112, 311 -finance, local, 1177 Jammu and Kashmir, 143 --public property, 1177 Janina (vilayet), 1561 --state, 1174 J aniuay (Philippines), 691 - fisheries, 1184-5 Japan, agriculture, 1213 -foreign dependencies, 1192-3 - area and population, 1201-3 -forestry, 1183-4 -army, 1207-10 -frontier, 1177 - banks, 1218 -government, 1157-9; local, 1159 -births, deaths, & marriages, 1202 -illiterates, 1169 note, 1170-1 - books of reference, 1221-3 - import duties, 1187 -commerce, 1214-16 -instruction, 1169-72 -constitution, 1198 -justice and crime, 1172-3 -currency and credit, 1218 - mines and minerals, 1184 -debt, 1206 -ministry, 1159 - defence, 1207 et seq. -money, weights, & measures, 1191 - -of coast, 1210 - navy, 1180-2 -dependency, see Formosa - occupations of people, 1164 - diplomatic representatives, 1219 -pauperism, 1178-9 - finance, imperial, 1205-6 - popnlation, 1160 ct s~q. - -local, 1206 - posts and telegraphs, 1189 -government, 1198-1200 -prisons, 1173 --local, 1200-1 - production & industry, 1182 et seq. - House of Peers, 1199 -provinces, 1161-3 -House of Representatives, 1199 -railways, 1188-9 - Imperial Diet, 1199 -reigning king. 1155 -import dutie8, 1215 -religion, 1167 - instruction, 1203 -royal family, 1155-7 -justice and crime, 1204 - Senate, 1157 -manufactures, 1214 - shipping, 1188 - Mikado, 1198 - silk culture, 1183 - minerals, 1214 1672 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

JA.P KA.N Japan, ministry, 1200 Junagarh (India), 169 -money, weights,&me&&ures,1218-9 Jungholz, 1037 - navy, 121Q-13 Junk Ceylon Is., 1498 - pauperism, 1205 Juticalpa (Honduras), 1150 -posts a.nd telegraphs, 1217 Jutland, 894 - production a.nd industry, 1213 -railways, 1217 - rei~ing sovereign, 1198 ABAKA OF UGANDA, 220 - rehgi.on, 1203 K Kabba (Nigeria), 266 -shipping and navigation, 1216-7 Kabin mines (Siam), 1497 - towns, 1203 Kabul, 705-7 - universities, 1204 Kabyles (Tunis), 996 Jarvis Island (Pacific), 404 Kafirs (S. Africa), 206, 207 Jask (Gulf of Oman), 1326 Kafiristan, 705 Jassy (Rumania), 1393; Univ., 1394 Kagoshima {Japan), 1203 Jat race (Baluchistan), 184 Kahoolawe (Hawaii), 686, 687 Java, administration, 1288 Kaifeng, 844 - area and population, 1289-90 Kaiping Coal mines, 852 - cultivation, 1292 et seq. Kaisarieh, 1563 - live stock, 1294 Kaiserslantem (Bavaria), 1016, 1072 - mining, 1294 Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, 1029, 1045 - religion, 1290 Kaiser Wilhelm's Land, 1051, 1057 Jebba (Nigeria), 267 Kakar Khuras:i.n, 182 Jefferson City (Missouri), 571, 572 Kaiat, 181-5 Jekri t1'ibes (Nigeria), 290 - Khans of, 181-3 J elalabad, 707 -town, 183 Jelebu state (Malay), 195 -trade, 184 Jena University, 1020, 1112 Kalgoorlie (W. Australia), 367-8 Jeres (Spain), 1506 Kalmar {Sweden), 1525 Jersey, area and population, 25, 26 Kalomo (N. Rhodesia), 247 -government, 103 Kaloubieh {Egypt), 1596, 1597 Jersey City (N.J.), 421, 423, 590 Kaluga, 1418 Jerusalem (mutessarifat), 1562; town, Kamenets Podolak, 1418 1563 Kamerun, 1051, 1052-3 Jesselton (Borneo) 118 Kamlin {Sudan-), 1615 Jethou, Island, 26 Kampot (Cambodia), 966 J_!'umont (France), trade, 951 Kanasawa (Japan), 1203 Jhansi (India), 148 Kandahar, 706-7 Jiboutil {Somali coast), 703, 987-8 Kandy (Ceylon), 124 Jind (India), 145, 159 Kanem, 979 Jitomir,1381, 1418 Kankan !Guinea), 991 Jodhpur, State, 144, 159 ; town, 148 Kano {Nigeria), 266-7 Johannesburg, 255, 257, 258 Kanobin (Lebanon), 1563 John II. {Liechtenstein), 759 Kansas, agriculture, 533 Johns Hopkins Univ. {U.S.A.), 548 -area and pop., 418, 531-2 Johol state {Malay), 195 -coal, 533 Johor Bahru, 198 - constitution and govt., 530- Johor State, 198 - defence, 533 Joinville {Brazil), 824 - finance, 533 Jongpens (Bhutan chiefs), 808 - instruction, 426, 532 Jonkoping {Sweden), 1525 -justice and charity, 532 Jubaland, 216 -production and industry, 533-4 Jujuy {Arg. Rep.), 711 - public lands, 440 INDEX 1673

KAN KIE Kansas, religion, 532 Kentucky, area and pop., 418, 535-6 - representation, 413, 531. -coal, 537 - wheat crop, 442, 518 -constitution and govt., 535 Kansas City (Ka.), 532 - defence, 537 Kansas City (Mo.), 421, 423, 572 - finance, 537 Kansu, 844, 852, 862 - forests, 537 Kapurthala (India), 145, 159 - instruction, 426, 536 Karachi, 148 ; trade, 170 -justice and charity, 536-7 Karagwe (Ger. E. Af.), 1056 -production and industry, 537-8 Karakul, 1467 - religion, 536. Karamojo (Uganda), 219 - representation, 413, 535 Karafuto Island, 1202 - tobacco crops, 443, 522, 537 (State), India, 144 - wheat crop, 4.42 Karikal (French India), 963 (E. Africa), 216 Karl Giinther, Prince (Schwarzburg- Kephallenia, 1129 Sondershausen), 1119 Kerbela, 1340, 1563 Karlsborg, foFtress (Sweden), 1529 Kerch, 1409, 1418, 1429, 1435 Karlstad (Sweden), 1525 Kerguelen Island, 987 Karlskrona (Sweden), 1525, 1528 Kericho (E. Africa), 216 KarlsrUhe (dist.), 1065; town, 1016, Kerkyra (Corfu), 1129 1066 Kermadec Islands, 384, 396, 397 Karolyvaros, 730 Kerman (Persia), 1340, 1343 Kars, 1418, 1429 Kermine, 1467 Karshi, 1467 Kesteven, 16 Kashan (Persia), 1340 Keta (W. Africa), 270 Kashgar, 862 Kete Kratshi (Togoland), 1052 Kashmir, area, &c., 143 Key West 1Fla.), shipping, 462; - military contingent, 159 naval yard, 436, 505, 507 - religion, 149 Khaibar road (pass), 708 -revenue, 143 Khaipur (Sind), 144, 157 Kassa (Hungary), 764 Khakar Kurassan, 182 Kassala, 1615 Kharbih, 861 Kassel, 1016 Kharkoff, 1418 ; university, 1420 Kastamouni (vilayet), 1562 Khartoum, 1615 ; province, 1615 ; Katmandu (Nepa!), 1262 church, 1699 Kauai (Hawaii), 686, 687 Khelat, see Kalat Kaulun (port), 854 Kherson, 1418 -or Kowloon (lease), 133, 845 Khetran (Baluchistan), 182 &ausagi Isln.r.d (Pacific), 404 Khiva, 1440, 1468 ; town, 1468 Kavungu (E. Africa), 216 Khojent, 1418 Kayes (Senegal), 993 Khoms (N. Africa), 1578 Kazan, 1418; University, 1420 Khorassan, 1343 Kazis (of Sikkim), 186 Khost (Baluchistan), coal, 184 Kazvin (Persia), 1340 Khotan (Turkestan), 862 Kecskemet, 764 Khotin, 1418 Kedah (Siam), 1493, 1495 Khurdistan, 1562 Keeling Islands, 188, 190 Khuzar, 1467 Keetmanshoop (G.S. W. Africa), 1057 Khuzdar(Baluchistan), iron&lead, 184 Keewatin (Canada), 281, 282 Kiakhta, 862 Kelantan (Malay Pen.), 1493, 1494 Kiangshi, 844, 851 Kelung (Formosa), 1220 Kiangsu, 844 Kena (Egypt), 1596, 1597; town, 1598 Kiau-chau, 845, 854, 1051, 1056 Kentucky, agriculture, 537 1\ieY, 1418, 1429; UniY., 1420 1674 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

KIE KUC Kiel, 1016 ; shipping, 1043 ; Univ., Kong (Ivory Coast), 991 1020 Kongmun, 846, 854 Kiel, naval station, 1029 Konia, or Konieh, 1562 ; town, 1563 ; Kikuyu, 216 trade, 1573 Kilimane (Quilimane), 1007, 1280 Konigsberg, 1016, 1105; univ., 1020 Kilindini (E. Africa), 217 Konigshiitte (Prussi.t), 1016 Kilmarnock, population, 22 Konstantinhafen (W. Pacific), 1057 Kilwa (Germ. E. Africa), 1055 Konstanz (Baden), 1065; town, 1066 Kimberley, 207; diamondoutput,210 Kontagora (Nigeria), 266 Kiuburn, 1435 Kordofan, 1615 King George's Sound, 321 Korea, area and populati9n, 1225 King's College, London, 36 -books of reference, 1228-9 Kingston (Canada), 283, 288, 289 - commerce, 1226-8 Kingston (Jamaica), 310 - defence, 1226 Kingston-upon-Hull, 18, 79, 94 - diplomatic representatives, sec Kingstown (St. Vincent), 315 Japan King William's Town (Cape Colony), - Emperor, 1224 207 -finance, 1226 Kioto (Kyoto) (Japan), 1203; univ., - government, 1224-5 1204 - instruction, 1225-6 Kipini, 216 - money, 1228 Kirin, 860 - production, 1226 Kiriya (Turkestan), 862 - religion, 1225 Kishineff, 1418 Korogwe (E. Africa), 1055 Kishm Island (Persian Gulf), 1326 Kossova (vilayet), 1561 Kisi race (Liberia), 1231 Kostroma, 1418 Kismayu, 216, 1193 Kota (India), 144 Kissidugo (Guinea), 991 Kotakota, 238 Kistna irrigation, 163 Kotei of Japan, 1198 K isnmu (E. Africa), 216 Kotonu (Dahomey), 99\l Kittery (Me.), 588 Kovna, 1418, 1429 Kitui (E. Africa), 211) Kowloon, lease, 132, 845; port, 854 Kitwara (E. Africa), 1056 Kozlov, 1418 Kiukiang, 844, 854 Kpandu (Togoland), 1052 Kiungchau, 846, 854 Kragouyevatz, 1484 Kiushiu (Japan), 1202 Krakau, or Cracow, 730, 745; Univ, Kizilbashis (Afghan), 706 748 Klip River coalfield (Natal), 234 Krasnoyarsk, 1418 Kobe (Japan), 1203; shipping, 1215, Krat (Siam), 1494 1217 Krefeld, 1016 Koblenz, 1016 Krementchug, 1418 Kochi (Japan), 1203 Krian irrigation (Perak), 197 Kofu (Japan), 1203 Kristiania, 1310, 1312; shipping, Kokand, 1418 1321 ; University, 1312 Kokura (Japan), 1203 Kristiansand (Norway), 1312 Kolhapur, 144 ; town, 148 Kristianstad (Sweden), 1525 Koln (Cologne), 1016, 1105 Kristi:msund (Norwtty), 1312 Kolomea, 7 45 Kronstadt (Russia), 1409, 1418, Kolozsvar (Klansenbnrg), 764 ; 1429, 1435 university, 767 Kru tribes (Liberia), 1231 Kom (Persia), 1340 Krutown (Liberia), 1231 Komarom, 730 Kuala Lumpor {Selangor), 196 Konakry (French Guinea), 991 Kuch Behar (India), 145 INDEX 1675

KUC LE Kuching {Sarawak), 120 Laibach, 745 Kudat (Borneo), 119 Lake Leopold II. (Congo), 874 Kuelin, 844 Lakon (Siam), 1493 Kulja, 862 La Libertad, port, Salvador, 1476 Kumamoto (Japan), 1203 Lamaism, 861, 862 Kumasi (Ashanti), 270, 271 Lampeter College, 37 Kumbakonam, 148 Lampoonchi (Siam), 1493 Kunar Valley, 705 Lampongs (I. of Sumatra), 1289 Kungrad, 1468 Lamu, 216 Kunsan (Korea), 1225, 1227 Lanai (Hawaii), 686, 687 K uopio, 1462 Lan-chow, 844, 862 Kurdistan, 1562 Landshut(Bavaria), 1072 Kurds (Persia), 1340 Landskrona (Sweden), 1525 Kure (Japan), 1203, 1210 Lansing (Mich.), 559, 560 Kuria Muria Islands, 116 Lantao I. (Hong Kong), 133 Kurile Islands, 1202 Langres, fortress, 936 Kursk, 141S Laoag (Philippines), 691 Kurume (Japan), 1203 Laos (French), 934, 961, 964 ; Kurussa (Gui11ea), 991 (Siamese), 1457 Kusai (Caroline Is.), 1058 La Paz, 810, 811-12; town, 810, 811 Kushk, 1429 La Plata, 712, 713 Kutais, 1418 Lappa (China), 854 Kwang-chau-wan Bay (lease), 845, Lara (Venezuela), 1630, 1632 964, 965 Laraiche (Morocco), 1257 Kwango Oriental (Congo State), 874 Larisa, 1129 ; town, 1130 Kwangsi, 844 Larnaca (Cyprus), 129 Kwangtung, 844, 851 Larvik (Norway), 1322 Kweichau, 844 Las Bela (Baluchistan), 181-4 Kwei-yang, 844 Las Bela (Baluchistan), Jam of, 183 Kyrenia (Cyprus), 129 -trade, 170, 181 Lashkar (India), 148 Lasis (Baluchistan), 183 Las Palmas, 1506 ABRADOR, 305, 306 Lasta (Abyssinia), 701 L Labuan, 188, 190 Latacunga (Ecuador), 907 Labyrinth Islands (Andamans), 186 Latin Monetary Union, 956-7 Laccadive Islands, 188 Latuka Lauvu (Uganda), 219 La Ceiba (Honduras), 1150, 1152 Lauag or Laoag (Philippines), 691 Laconia, 1129 Launceston (Tasmania), 375, 378 Ladario de Matto Grosso, 822 Laurium, mines (Greece), 1134 La Digue (Seychelles), 252 Lausanne, 1544; University, 1546 Lado enclave (on Nile), 874 Lawrence (Ky.), 423 La Esperanza (Honduras), 1150 League I. (Pa. ), 436 Ladrone Islands, 696, 1051, 1057 Lealui (Barotseland), 249 Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, 3 Lebanon, 1562, 1563 La Fere, fortress, 936 Leece (Italy), 1162; town, 1167 Lagoon Islands (Pacifie), 404 Leeds, 18; University, 30, :36 Lagos Islaml and harbour, 269 Leeward Islands, 3ll, 315-17 -Province (S. Nigeria), 268, 269, Leeward Is. (Pacific), 1005 273-5 Leeuwarde, 1270 - town, 268, 269 Leghorn (Livorno ), 1162 ; town, Lahore, 148 1167 ; shipping, 1188 Lahr (Baden), 1066 Le Havre, 920 ; trade, 951 1676 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

LEI LON Leicester, population, 18 Lincoln, population, 18 Leiden, 1270; University, 1271 Lincoln (Nebr.), 579 Leinster province, pop., 23, 24 Linden, 1016 -agricultural holdings, 74 Lindi (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 IJeipzig, 1016, 1114,1115; Univ., 1020 Lindsey, 16 IJeiria (Portugal), 1366 Lingah, port (Persia),1343,1344,1346 Leith, 22 ; Port, 79, 94 Linkoping (Sweden), 1525 Leks (Persia), 1340 Linz, 745 Le Mans, 920 Lipa (Philippines), 691 Lemberg, 745; university, 748 Lippe, 1011, 1085 Leon (Ecuador), 907 - matricular contribution, 1024 J,eon (Mexico), 123 8 -occupations of the people, 1013 Leon (Nicaragua), 1302 - regent, 1085 Leopold IV. (Regent of Lippe), 1085 -representation (Imperial), 1009 Leopold II. (Belgium), 786 Lisbon, 1365, 1366 Leopoldville (Congo State), 877 Lithgow (N. S. W. ), 333 Lepchas (of Sikkim), 186 Little Popo (Togoland), 1051 Les Cayes (Haiti), 1146, 1148 Little Rock (Ark.), 479, 482 Leskovatz (Servia), 1484 Liukiu (Loochoo) Islands, 1201 Les Saintes (French W.l.), 1000 Lin Kung (Wei-hai-Wei), 199 Levallois Perret, 920 Liverpool, 18,19; port,94; Univ.,35,36 Levuka (Fiji), 399, 400 Livingston, port (Guatemala), 1143 Leyte Island (Philippines), 691 Livingstone (Rhodesia),, 249 Lhasa (Tibet), 861 Livorno(Leghorn),ll62; town, 1167; Liao-tung Peninsula, lease, 845, 860 shipping, 1188 Libau, 1418, 1429, 1434 Llanquihue (Chile), 831 Liberia (Costa Rica), 880 Loanda (Angola), 1318 Liberia, area and population, 1230-l Loango (Congo), 978 -books of reference, 1234 Lobor (Uganda), 219 - commerce, 1232-3 Lobos de Afuera (Peru), 1356 - constitution, 1230 Lodz, 1418 - finance, 1232 Loja (Ecuador), 907 - president, 1230 Lokoja (Nigeria), 266 Libreville (Congo), 97 8 Lombardy, 1161 Liechtenstein, 759 Lombok (Dutch E. Indies), 1289 Liege, prov., 790 ; town, 792, 797; Lome (Togoland), 1052 Univ., 793 London, population of, 16, 20 Liegnitz, 1016 - boroughs, 12 I,ifou Island, 1004 - City area and population, 20 Liguria, 1161 - City and Guilds Technical Insti- Lille, 920 ; faculties, 928 tute, 36, 37 Lima, 1352 ; University, 1353 - County Council, 12, 57, 58 Lima (Spain), 1507 -government, 12 Limasol (Cyprus), 129 - Imperial College of Science and Limburg (Belgium), 790 Technology, 36 -(Netherlands), 1268, 1270 -- King's College, 36 Limburg (Netherlands), coal mines, - medical schools, 36 1242 -port, 94 Limerick, 13, 25 - registration area and pop., 20 Limoges, 920 - School of ];conomics, 36 Limon (Costa Rica), 880, 882, 883 - University, 34, 36 Linares (Spain), 1507 -University College, 35, 36 Linares (Chile), 831 London (Ontal"io), 283 INDEX 1677

LON MAD Londonderry, 13, 25 Lumbwa (E. Africa), 216 Long Island (Bahamas), 308 Lund (Sweden), 1525; Univ., 1526 Long Island (W. Pacific), 1057 Lunda (Angola), 1378 Lorala.i. (Baluchistan), 182 Lum!ville, fort, 936 Lorca {Spain), 1506 Lungchau, 846, 854 Lord Howe Island, 343 Luque (Paraguay), 1382 Lorient, 920 ; fort, 936 ; port, 942 Lurs (Persia), 1340 Liirrach {Baden), 1066 Luxembourg (Belgium), 790, 756 Lorraine, mining and minerals, 1034. Luxemburg (Grand Duchy), 1034 Los Andes (Arg. Rep.), 711 1235-6 Los Andes (Venezuela), 1632 Luzon Island, 691 Los Angeles (Cal.), 421, 423, 484 Lynn (U.S.A.), 423 Los Islands (W. Africa), 272, 988 Lynx Island (Pacific), 404 Lothringen, 1061 Lyon, faculties, 928 Loui.siade Islands, 379, 380 - fortress, 936 , agriculture, 541 - local government, 916 - area and population, 418, 539 - population, 920 - constitution and govt., 538-9 Lyttelton (N.Z.), trade, 393; ship• - cotton crop, 443, 541 ping, 394 - defence, 541 -finance, 540-1 -instruction, 426, 539-40 - justice and charity, 540 ACA0,1376 -production and industry, 541-2 M Macaulay I. (Pacific), 397 - public land, 440 Maceio (Brazil), 820 - religion, 539 Macerata, 1162; town, 1167 ; Univ- - representation, 413, 539 ersity, 1171 -rice crop, 442, 541 Mackean I. (Pacific), 404 Louisville (Ky.), 421, 423, 536, 537 Mackenzie (Canada), 282 Lonren~oMarques, 1378, 1379 Macoris, St. Domingo, 1478 Louvain, 792 ; University, 793 Macquarie Island, 37 4 Lowell (Mass.), 421, 423 Madagascar, area and pop., 962, 980 Lower California, 1238 -banks, 984 Loyalty Is. (Pacific), 1003, 1004 - books of reference, 985-6 Lualaba-Kasai (Congo State), 874 - commerce, 963, 983 Luang-Prabang (Laos), 968, 1494 - consular representatives, 985 Lubeck, 1011, 1014, 1015, 1016, - currency, 984 1018, 1085 - defence, 982 - matricular contribution, 1024 - finance, 982 - occupations of the people, 1013 -government, 980 - representation (Imperial), 1009 - instruction, 981-2 -shipping, 1043 - justice, 982 Liibeck (Principality), 1011, 1013, - posts and telegraphs, 984 1089, 1090 - production and industry, 982-3 Lublin, 1418 - religion, 981 Lucca (Italy), 1162; town, 1167 - roads and railways, 984 Lucerne (canton), 1540, 1542 - shipping, 984 Lucerne (town), 1544 Maddalena, 1., fortress, 1178 Lucknow, 148 Madeira, 1365 Liideritz Bay (Ger.S. W. Africa), 1054 Madison (Wis.), 677 Ludwigsburg, 1123 Madras, agriculture, 161-2 Ludwigshafen (Bavaria), 1016, 1072 -area and population, 142 Luitpold, Regent (Bavaria), 1068 -army, 158 1678 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908 MAD MAN Madras, births and deaths, 147 Malaita Island (Pacific), 404 -finance, 155, 157 Malay States, Federated, adminis- -forests, 161, 163 tration, 195 et seq. -government, 140 -area and population, 195 -irrigation, 163 -commerce, 197 -justice and crime, 152 -communications, 197-8 -land tenure, 160 - finance, 196-1 -railways, 174 -irrigation, 197 -religion, 149 - production, 197 -roads, 172 - Siamese, 1493, 1494 -states, 143, 144 Malden Island (Pacific), 404 -town, 148, 170 Maldive Islands, 128 -trade, 168, 169, 170 Maldonado (Uruguay), 1621 -university, 150 Malekite sect (Morocco), 1256 Madrid, 1506 ; university, 1508 Maler Kotla, 159 Madura (Dutch East Indies), 1288, Malindi {E. Africa), 216 1289 Malleco (Chile), 831 Madura (Madras Presidency), 148 Malmo {Sweden), 1522, 1523, 152G Maestricht, 1270 Malta, 114 ; troops at, 112 Mafeking, 203 Mamuret-iil-Aziz, 1562 Magallanes {Chile), 831 Man, see Isle of Man Magars {Nepal), 1262 Manabi (Ecuador), 907 Magdala (Abyssinia), 702 Managua (Nicaragua), 1302 Magdalena, {Columbia), 868, 871 Manahiki I. {Cook Is.), 396 Magdeburg, 1016, 1105 Manameh (Bahrein), 117 Mahdera-Mariam (Abyssinia), 702 Manaos {Brazil), 819 Mahe {French India), 963 Manchester, 18, 19; Port, 94; Uni· Mahe Island (Seychelles), 252 versity, 35, 36 Maikop, 1418 Manchester Ship Canal, 96 Maimachin (Mongolia), 862 Manchester (U.S.A.), 423, 586 Maine, area and population, 417,543-4 Manchuria, 844, 845, 860 - constitution and govt., 542-3 Mandalay, 148 - defence, 545 Mandi (India), 145 - finance, 544 Mandingo race (Liberia), 1231 - fisheries, 453, 545 Mangaia Island (Cook Is.), 396 - instruction, 425, 544 Mangarva Isl. {Pacific), 1005 -justice, charity, 544-5 Manica District (Port. E. Af. ), 1379 - precious stones, 441 Manila (Philippines), 691, 692 - production and industry, 545-6 Manitoba, agriculture, 289 -railways, 546 -area, 282 - representation, 413, 543 - finance, 288 Mainz {Hesse), 1016, 1049 - fisheries, 290 Maitland (Cape Col.), 207 - instruction, 285 Maitland, E. and W. {N. S. W. ), 333 - manufacture, 290 Maizuru (Japan), 1210 - population, 282 Jl,fajeru Island {Pacific), 1058 - religion, 284 Majunga (Madagascar), 981, 984 - representation, 280, 281 Makalle (Abyssinia), 702 Manizales (Colombia), 868 Makassar, 1291 Mannheim (Baden), dist., 1065; Mako, 764 town, 1016, 1066, 1068 Makran {Baluchistan), 182, 183, 184 Manono (Samoa), 1059 Malacca{StraitsSettlements), 188, 189 Manpur (India), 160, 161 Malaga (Spain), 1506 Mansourah, 1598 INDEX 1679

MAN MEC Mantova (Mantua), 1161; town, 1167; Massachusetts, defence, 556 fort, 1178 - finance, 555-6 Manua (Samoa), 697 - fisheries, 453, 557 Mao (Kanem), 979 - instruction,425, 553-4 Maoris, 382-3, 384, 396 -justice, charity, 554-5 Maracaibo, 1630 - manufactures, 556-7 Maranhao Ste.te (Brazil), 818, 819 -representation, 413, 552 Marburg University, 1020 - shipping, 558 Marches (Italy), 1162 - tobacco, 443 Mare Island, Cal., navy ya1•d, 436, 487 Massowah, or Massawah, 1192, 1615 Mare Island, 1004 Massenia (Bagirmi), 979 Margarita I. (Venezuela), 1632 Mastung (Baluchistan), 182 Marianne Islands, 1051, 1057 , 246 Mariupol, 1418 Matadi (Congo State), 874, 877 Marie-Galante (Guadeloupe), 1000 Matagalpa (Nicaragua), 1305 Marlborough (N.Z.) district, 384 Matanzas (Cuba), 886 ; town, 886 Marmagao (Port. India), 1376 Matsuyama (Japan), 1203 Maronites (sect), 1563 Matsuye (Japan), 1203 Marquesas Is. (Pacific), 1005 Matto Grosso State (Brazil), 819 l\Iarri tribe (Baluchistan), 181, 183 Maubeuge, fortress, 936 Marseille, 920 ; faculties, 928 ; trade, Maui (Hawaii), 686, 687 951 Mauke Island (Parry Is.), 396 Marshall Islands, 1051, 1058 Maule (Chile), 831 Martigny, defence, 1548 Mauritanie (W. Africa), 989 Martinique, 962, 963, 1002 , area and population, 227 Maryborough (Queensland), 355 - books of reference, 229 Maryborough (Victoria), 346 - commerce, 227 Mary Island (Pacific), 404 -constitution and government, 226 :Maryland (Liberia), 1231 -crime, 227 Maryland, agriculture, 550 -customs valuation, 228 -area and population, 417, 547-8 -debt, 227-8 -coal, 550 - defence, 227 - constitution and government, 547 -dependencies, 227, 229 - defence, 550 - education, 227 - finance, 549-50 -finance, 227-8 - fisheries, 550 - governor, 226 - instruction, 426, 548 - import duties, 228 -justice, charity, &c., 549 -military expenditure, 112 - production and industry, 550-1 -money, weights, and measures,229 - religion, 548 - religion, 227 -representation, 413, 547 - shipping and communications, -tobacco, 443, 550 228-9 - wheat, 442, 550 Mayaguana Island (Bahamas), 308 1\hsailand, 216 Mayence (Mainz), 1083 Masampo (Korea), 1225, 1227 Mayaguez (Porto Rico), 689 Masaya (Nicaragua), 1302 Mayebashi (Japan), 1203 Maseru, 201 ; town, 202 Maynooth College, 37 Mascara (Algeria), 972 Island, 962, 986 Mashonaland, 246 Mayumbe (Congo State), 877 Maskat or Muscat, 221, 1326 Mazagan (Morocco), 1257 Massa (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 Mazar-i-Sharif (Afgh. ), 707 Massachusetts, area andpop.,417,553 Mbabane (Swaziland), 264 -constitution and govt., 551-3 Mecca, 1563 1680 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

MEC MIN Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1086 Mexico, defence,t1241 -area and population, lOll - diplomatic representatives, 1246 - instruction, 1018 - finance, Federal, 1239 - matricular contribution, 1024 -- local, 1240 -occupations of the people, 1013 -gold production, 1242 -representation (Imperial), 1009 - government, 1236 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1088 -- local, 1238 -area and population, 1011 - instruction, 1239 - matricular contribution, 1024 - justice, 1239 -occupations of the people, 1013 - live stock, 1242 -representation (Imperial), 1009 -manufactures, 1243 Mechlin {Belgium), 792 - mines and minerals, 1242-3 Medellin {Colombia), 868 - money,weights, &measures,1245-6 Medina, 1563 -navy, 1241 Meerane (Saxony), 1115 - posts and telegraphs, 1245 Meerut, 148 - president, 1236 Meiningen, 1110 - production and industry, 1241-3 Meissen, 1115 - railways, 1245 Mekran Coast (Baluchistan), 184 -religion, 1239 Melbourne, 328, 346, 352; Univ., 347 - shipping, 1245 Melilla, 1259, 1506 - silver production, 1242 Melsetter (Rhodesia), 246 - towns, 1238 Memphis (Tenn.), 421, 423, 646 - state, 1237 ; city, 1238 Menado (Dutch E. Indies), 1289 Miagao (Philippines), 691 Mendoza, prov. (Arg.), 711, 717; Michigan, agriculture, 562 town, 712 -area and population, 418, 559-60 Menelik II. (Abyssinia), 701 - constitution & government, 558-9 Mengo (Uganda), 221 - defence, 562 Mengtsz, 846, 854 -finance, 561-2 Menoufieh (Egypt), 1596, 1597 -instruction, 426, 560-1 Merida (Mexico), 1238 -justice and charity, 561 Merida (Venezuela), 1630 - mining, 562 Merka, 1193 - production and industry, 56;::-3 Merowe {Sudan), 1615 -public lands, 440 Meshed (Persia), 1339, 1344 - representation, 413, 558-9 Mesopotamia, 1562 - wheat crop, 442, 562 Messenia, 1129 ; silk, 1134 Michoacan (Mexico), 1208 Messina, 1163; town, 1167 ; Uni- Middlesbrough, 18 ; Port, 94 versity, 1171 Mijertain Somalis, 1193 Meta, Ter. (Colombia), 868 Mikindani (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 Methil, Port, 79, 94 Milan (Milano), 1161; town, 1167 Metz, 1016, 1062 Military Territories, {French West Mewar (India), 144 Africa), 988, 993 Mexico, agriculture, 1241 Milwaukee (Wis.), 421, 428, 677 680 - area and population, 1237 Minas (Uruguay), 1621 ' -army, 1241 Minas Geraes (Brazil), 819, 823 - banks, 1245 Mindanao Island, 691 -births, marriages, anu ueaths, 1238 Mind(•uli, mine (Fr. Congo), 979 - books of reference, 124 7 Minieh or Minia (Egypt), 1596, 1597 - commerce, 1243-5 Minneapolis, 421, 423, 565, 567 - constitution, 1236 -University, 565 - currency and credit, 1245 Minnesota, agriculture, 567 -debt, 1240 - area and population, 418, 564-5 INDEX IG81

MIN lllON Minnesota, constitution and govern- Mogador (Morocco), 1257 ment, 563 Moghilev-on-Dnieper, 1418 - defence, 566 Mohammarah or Muhamrah, 1346 - finance, 566 Mohammed Ali Mirza, Shah (Persia), - forests, 444 1337 - instruction, 426, 565 Moharek I. (Bahrein), 117 -justice and charity, 565-6 Moheli Island, 986 - mining, 567 Mois tribes (Annam), 966 - production and industry, 567 Moji (Japan), 1203; port, 1217 - public lauds, 440 Mokpo (Korea), 1225, )227 - representation, 413, 563-4 , 1392 - wheat crop, 442, 567 Molise, 1162 Minsk, 1418 Mollendo (Bolivia), 813 Miquelon Island, 962, 963, l 002 Molokai (Hawaii), 686, 687 Miranda (Venezuela), 1631) Molucca Islands, 1288, 1289 Mir Mahmud Khan of Kalat, 182 , 216, 218 Mirzapur, 148 Monaco, state, 1248 ; town, 1248 Misahohe (Togo land), 1 052 -casino, 1248 Misiones (Arg. Rep.), 711 Monastir (vilayet), 1561 Miskolcz, 764 Mongalla province (Soudan), 1615 Mississippi, agriculture, 570 Mongolia, 843, 844, 862 - area and pop., 418, 568-9 Monrovia (Liberia), 1231, 1233 - constitution and government, 568 Mons, 792, 797 - cotton crop, 443, 570 Montana, area and pop., 418, 419, 576 - defence, 570 - cattle-ranching, 577 -finance, 570 - constitution and government, 575 - instruction, 426, 569 - defence, 577 -justice and charity, 569-70 - finance, 577 -production and industry, 570-1 - instruction, 426, 576 - public lands, 440 -justice and charity, 576-7 -representation, 413, 568 -mining, 447, 557, 577-8 - rice crop, 442 -production and industry, 577-8 Missouri, agriculture, 5 74 - public lands, 440 - area and population, 418, 572 - representation, 413, 575-6 - constitution and government, 571 Monte Argentaro, (fort.), 1178 -defence, 574 Monte Carlo, 1248 -finance, 573-! Montego Bay (Jamaica), 310 - instruction, 426, 572-3 Montenegro, area and pop.,l251 -justice and charity, 573 -books ofreference, 1255 -mining, 574 - commerce, 1253 -production and industry, 574-5 - communications, 1253-4 - public lands, 440 - finance, 1252 -religion, 572 -government, 1251 -representation, 413, 571 - instruction, 125 2 -wheat, 442, 574 -justice and crime, 1252 Mitau, 1418 -money, 1254 Mitchell Islands (Pacific), 404 -production and industry, 1253 Mitiaro Island (Cook Is.), 396 -reigning prince, 1251 Mito (Japan), 1203 -religion, 1251 Mittel berg, 1037 Monterey (Mexico), 1238 Mobile, Ala., 462, 473, 475 Montevideo, department, 1621, 1623; Modena, 1161;town, 1167;Univ.,l171 town, 1623; University, 162:l Mogadischo or Magadisho, 1198 Montgomery, Ala., 472, 473, 475 1682 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

MON NAT Montpelier (V t. ), 658 Munster, 1016; University, 1020 Montpellier, 920 ; faculties, 928 Muong-sing (Laos State), 968 Montreal, 283, 293 Murcia (Spain), 1506 Montreuil, 920 Muri (Nigeria), 266, 267 Montserrado (Liberia), 1231 Mf1rzf1k (N. Africa), 1578 (W. i.), 311, 312 Muscat, 221, 1326 Moorea Island (Pacific), 1005 Mutsuhito, Mikado of Japan, 1198 Moradahad, 148 Muttra, 148 Morant Cays, 310, 311 Mwatate (E. Af.), 216 Moravia, area and population, 743 Mysore, 142; area, &c., 143 -representation in Reichsrath, 740 -religion, 149 --provincial Diet, 741, 742 - revflnue, 143 Morelia. (Mexico), 1238 - milita.ry contingent, 159 Morelos (Mexico), 1237 -town, 148 Morescoes in Spain, 1506 Mzimba (Nyasaland), 238 Morioka (Japan), 1203 Mormagii.o (Port India), 1376 Morocco, area and pop., 1256 -books of reference, 1260-1 ABA (Japan), 1203 - commerce, 1257 N Nabha (India), 145,l 59 -defence, 1257 Nacaome (Ilonduras), 1150 - diplomatic representatives, 1260 Nagano (Japan), 1203 - finance, 1257 Nagasaki (Japan), 1203, 1214 ; ship- -government, 1255 ping, 1215, 1217 -money, weights, & measures, 1259 Nagoya (Japan), 1203 - posts, 1259 Nagpur, 148 - religion, 1256 Nagyvarad (Grosswardein), 764 - Sultan, 1255 Nairobi (E. Africa), 216 217 Morocco city, 1256 Naivasha (E. Africa), 216 Morshansk, 1418 Nakhichevan, 1418 Moscow, 1318;govt.,l409; univ.,1420 Namangan, 1418 Mosquito Reserve (Nicaragua), 1302 Namur, provi11ce, 790; town, 792,797 Mossamedes (Angola), 1378 Nan (Siam), 1493 Mossel Bay (Cape Colony), 212 Nana Kru (Liberia), 1231 Mossul (vilayet), 1562; t!lwn, 1563 Nancowry (Nicobars), 187 Mostagnem (Algeria), 972 Nan-ch'ang, 844 Mostar, 778 Nancy,-920; faculties, 928; fort, 936 Moulmein, 148 Nandi (E. Africa), 216 Mowbray (Capo Col.), 207 Nanking (China), 844, 845, 847, 854 Mozambique, 1370, 1378, 1380 N'J-ntes, 920 Mued tribes (Morocco), 1256 Naples (Napoli), 1162; town, 1167; Muhammh, 1346 shipping, 1188; University, 1171 Mujtahids (Persian priests), 1340 Naquib race (Baluchistan), 183 Mukden, 860 Nara (Japan), 1203 Mulai-Abd-el-Aziz (Moroc0o), 1255 Narino dept. (Colombia), 868 Miilhausen, 1016, 1062 Nashville (Tenn.), 423, 645, 646 Multan (India), 148 N asirabad tahsil, 182, 184 Mulheim-on-Rhein, 1016 Nassarawa (N. Nigeria), 266 Miilheim-on-Rubr, 1016 Nassau (Bahamas), 308 Muncheu-Gladbach, 1016 Nassau Islands (Pacific), 404 Munich, l 016, 1072; Univ., 1020 Natal, area, 231 Munster province, population, 23-4 - agricultural products, 233-4 -agricultural holdings, 74 - books of reference, 237 INDEX 1683

NAT NEV Natal, coal fields, 284 Netherlands, commerce, 1279-82 - commerce, 284-5 - constitution, 1265 - constitution and government, 280 - currency and credit, 1285-6 - customs valuation, 285 - customs valuation, 1282 - defence, 238 -debt, 1274-5 - finance, 282 -defence, 1275 et seq. - gold output, 234 - diplomatic representatives, 1287 -governor, 281 - emigration 1269 - industry, 238 -finance, 1273 et seq. - instruction, 232 - fisheries, 1279 - live stock, 284 -government, central, 1265 - military expenditure, 112, 288 -- local, 1267 -population, 281 -import duties, 1280-1 -posts and telegraphs, 236-7 -instruction, 1270-1 - railways, 236 -justice and crime, 1272 - shipping, 236 - manufactures, 1279 - troops at, 112, 233 - mining, 1279 Navanagar (India), 148, 159 -ministry, 1266-7 Navigator or Samoan Is. (Pacific), - money, weights, measures, 1286-7 1058-9 - pauperism, 1272 Navua (Fiji), 401 - population, 1268 Nebraska, agriculture, 581-2 -posts and telegraphs, 1284.-5 -area and population, 418, 579-80 - production and industry, 1277 -constitution and govt., 578-9 ~ railways, 1284 - defence, 581 - reigning sovereign, 1264 - finance, 581 - religion, 1270 - instruction, 426, 580 -royal family, 1264 -justice and charity, 580-1 -shipping and navigation, 1282 -production and industry, 581-2 - towns, 1270 - public lands, 440 -tramways, 1284 - religion, 580 -Universities, 1271 - representation, 413, 578-9 Neuchatel (canton), 1540, 1543 - wheat crop, 442, 582 Neuchatel (town) 1544; Academy, Neckar, 1122, 1123 1546 Nedounkadou (French India), 963 Neufahrwasser, shipping, 1043 Negapatam, 148 N euilly, 920 Negri Sembilan, 188, 195-7 Neu Hannover (W. Pacific), 1057 Negros Island (Philippines), 691 Neu Lauenburg (W. Pacific), 1057 Negus Negust of Ethiopia, 701 NeuMecklenburg (W. Pacific}, 1057 Neiva (Colombia), 868 Neu Pommern (W. Pacific), 1057 Nelson district (N.Z.), 384 Neuquen (Arg. Rep.), 711, 717 Nemolassa (Rumania), 1396 Neustadt, 1111, 1112 Nepal, 1262-3 N eu Strelitz, 1089 N estorians (Persian), 1340 ; Turkish, Nevada, area and pop., 418, 583 1563 - constitution and government, 583 Netherland Island (Pacific), 404 - defence, 584 Netherlands, agriculture, 1277-9 - finance, 584 -area, 1268 - instruction, 426, 583-4 - banks, 1285-6 - justice, 584 -births, deaths, & marriages, 1269 - mining, 585 --books of reference, 1299 - production and indnHtry, 585 - canals, 1284 - public lands, 440 - colonies, 1288 - religion, 584 5 p 2 1684 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

NEV NEW Nevada, representation, 413, 583 New Jersey, instruction, 425, 590 1 Nevis (Island}, 311, 312, 818 -justice and charity, 591 Newark, N.J., 421, 423, 590 -production and industry, 592-3 Newars {Nepal), 1262 - religion, 590 New Bedford (U.S.A.), 423, 553 - representation, 413, 589-90 New Brunswick, agriculture, 289 New London (Conn.), 436, 495 - area and population, 282 New Mexico, area and population - boundary, 283 418, 594--5 - finance, 288 - banks, 597 - fisheries, 290 - constitution and government, 594 - instruction, 285 - defence, 596 - manufactures, 290 -finance, 596 - religion, 284 - instruction, 426, 595 - representation, 280, 281 -justice, charity, 595 , 931, 962, 1003-4 -precious stones, 447, 596 Newcastle (Natal), coal-field, 234 -production, 574 Neweltstle (N.S. W.), 333, 335 - public lands, 440 Newcastle-on-Tyne, population, 18, - religion, 595 19 - representation, 594 - Colleges, 34, 36 - university, 595 New College, London, 36 Newnham College, Cambridge, 37 Newfmmdland, area and pop., 305 New Orleans(La.), 421,423,436, 539; - books of refm·ence, 307-8 shipping, 460, 462, 541 -· commerce, 306-7 Newport (Mon.}, 18; port, 79, 94 - finance, 306 Newport (R.I.), naval station, 436 - fishing, 306 Newport News (Va.), 462, 662 -government and ministry, 305 New Providence (W.I.), 308 - import duties, 306 New South Wales, aborigines, 333 - mining, 307 - agriculture, 337-40 -production, 306-7 - area and population, 333-4 New Guinea, British, 318, 379-81 - banks, 342-3 - Dutch, 1288, 1289 - births, deaths, and marriages, 334 -German, 105, 1057 - books of reference, 343 New Hampshire, agriculture, 588 -commerce, 341-2 -area and population, 417, 586 -constitution and govt., 331-2 - constitution and govt., 585-6 - currency and credit, 342-3 - defence, 588 -debt, 336 -finance, 587-8 - emigrants, 334 - instruction, 425, 586-7 - finance, 336-7 - justice and charity, 587 -- local, 337 - production and industry, 588-9 - fm·estry, 340 - 1·eligion, 586 - gold output, 340 - 1·epresentation, 413, 585-6 -governor, 332 New Haven (Conn.), 421, 423, 495 - local government, 332 (Pacific), 404, 1004-5 - illegitimacy, 334 New Italy (Chile), 832 - immigrants, 334 New Jersey, agriculture, 592 - instruction, 335 -area and population, 417, 590 - justice and crime, 335-6 - banking, 593 - live-stock, 340 -constitution and govt., 589-90 -manufactures, 340-1 - defence, 592 -mines and minerals, 340 -finance, 591-2 - ministry, 332 - fisheries, 592 - occupations of people, 333 INDEX 1685

NEW NIU New South Wales, production and New Zealand, pauperism, 307 industry, 337-40 -posts and telegraphs, 395 - religion, 334 -production and industry, 389-91 -roads, 342 - railways, 395 - tramways, 342 - religion, 385-6 -University, 335 - shipping and navigation, 394 - wealth, 337 -University, 386 - wheat, &c., 339 - wool exports, 391 - wool production, 340 Nganhwei or An·hui, 844, 851 - SeealsoAustralia,Commonwealth of Ngotshe (Natal), 230, 231 New Urgenj, 1468 Nho-Lam (Annam), 966 New York State, agriculture, 603 Nicaragua, area and pop., 1302 - area and population, 417, 599-601 - books of reference, 1306 - colleges, 601 - commerce, 1303-4 - constitution and govt., 597-8 - constitution and government, 1302 - defence, 603 -diplomatic representatives, 1306 - finance, 602-3 - finance, 1303 - instruction, 425, 600-1 - industry, 1303-4 -justice and charity, 601-2 -money, weights, and measures, 1305 - manufactures, 604 -posts and telegraphs, 1305 - mining, 603 -president, 1302 -production, industry, 603-5 - railway, 1305 -representation, 413, 597-8 - religion and instruction, 1303 - tobacco, 443, 603 - shipping, 1305 New York(city), area and pop., 423, Nice, 928 ; fort., 1936 599 ; births, deaths, &c., 420 ; Nicholas I. (Prince of Montenegro), local government, 598 ; shipping, 1250 460, 462, 605 Nicholas II. (Russia), 1403 New Zealand, 318; agriculture,389-90 Nicobar Islands, 142, 149, 186-7 -area and pop., 383-5 Nicosia (Cyprus), 129 -banks, 396 Nictheroy (Brazil), 819 - births, deaths, and marriages, 385 Nidwalden (canton), 1542 -books of reference, 397 Niger Territory (French), 962, 989-90 - commerce, 391-4 Nigeria, Northern, 266-7, 273-6 -constitution and govt., 381-3 - Southern, 268, 273-6 - currency and credit, 396 - Eastern, Central Provinces, 270 -customs, 392, 393 -Western Province, 269 -debt, 388 Nightingale Island, 251 - defence, 389 Niigata (Japan), 1203, 1215 - emigration, 385 Niihau (Hawaii), 686, 687 -finance, 387-8 Nijni-Novgorod, 1418 - - local, 388-9 Nikki (Dahomey), 992 -local government, 383 Nikolaistad, 1462 - immigration, 385 Nikolayev, 1409, 1418, 1435 - import duties, 393-4 Nikolsk, 1419 -instruction, 386 Niksic (Montenegro), 1251, 125~ -justice and crime, 386-7 Nile Provinces (Sudan), 1615 -land holdings, 390 Nimeguen, 1270 -manufactures, 391 Nimes, 920 - Maoris, 382-3, 384 Ningpo, 846, 854 - mines and minerals, 391 Nippon, see Japan - ministry, 382-3 Nisch (Servia), 1484, 1488 - occupation of people, 384 Niuchwang, 845, 860 1686 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

NIU NJ)'K I. (Cook Is.), 396 Norway, debt, 1315 Nizhne-Tagilsk, 1418 - defence, 1315 Nizhnii-Novgorod, 1418 - diplomatic representatives, 1323-4 Nome (Alask.), 650 - emigration, 1311 Nondweni dist. (Natal), copper, 234 - finance, 1314 Nongson (Annam), mines, 966 - fisheries, 1318 Norfolk Island, 343 -forestry, 1317 Norfolk (Va,), 423, 436, 462, 664 - government, central, 1308 N orrkoping (Sweden), 1522, 1523, - -local, 1309 1525 - Grondlov, the, 1308 Northampton,~population, 18 -import duties, 1318 North Carolina, agriculturo, 609 - instruotion, 1312-3 -area and pop., 417, 606~7 -justice and crime, 1313 -constitution and govt., 606 - King of, 3, 891, 1307 - defence, 609 - Lagthing, 1308-9 - finance, 608 -mines and minerais, 1317 - instruction, 426, 607 - money, weights, & measures 132:J -justice and charity, 608 -navy, 1316 -production and industry, 609--10 - occupations of people, 1311 - representation, 413, 606 - Odelsthing, 1308-9 - rice, cotton, and tobaeeo ~rops, - pauperism, 1313 442-3, 609 -posts and telegraphs, 1321-2 North Dakota, agriculture, 612 -production and industry, 1317 - ar~a and pop., 418, 610~11 - railways, 1321 - constitution and govt., 610 - religion, 1312 - defence, 612 -shipping and navigation, 1320-1 -finance, 611 - Storthing, the, 1308-9 - instruction, 426, 611 - towns, 1312 -justice and charity, 611 -university, 1312 - production and industry, 612 - See also Sweden - publ-ic lands, 440 Norwich, population, 18 - religion, 611 N ossi-Be Island, 981 -representation, 413, 610 Nottingham, 18; College, 37 -wheat crop, 442, 612 Noumea (N. Caledonia), 1003, 1004 Northern Territory (S. Australia), Novara, 1161, 1167 361-2 Nova Scotia, area, 282 Northern Prov. (Uganda), 219 - finance, 288 North Island (N. Z. ), 383--4 - fisheries, 290 North - West - Frontier Province - instruction, 285 (India), 140, 142, 147, 149, 157, - manufactures, 290 160-3 - papulation, 282 North- West Territories (Canada), - religion, 284 279, 281, 284, 285, 290 -representation, 280, 281 Norway, agriculture, 1317 N ovgorod, 1418 -area and pop., 1310-12 Novi-Bazar, Sanjak of, 778 -army, 1315 Novogeorgievsk, 1429 - banks, 1322-3 Novo Redondo (Angola), 1378 - hirths, deathR, and marria,ges, 1311 Novocherkask, 1418 - Looks of reference, 1324-5 Nuble, prov. (Chiln), 831 - commerce, 1318 ct seq. Nueva Leon (Mexiro), 1237 - constitution, 1308-9 Nueva San Salvador, 1474 - council of state, 1309 Nnkatina Island, 1005 - currency and credit, 1322-3 Nukha, 1419 INDEX. 1687

NUK oro Nukualofa (Tonga), 403 Ohio, public lands, 440 Nukufetau Island (Pacific), 404 - representation, 413, 587 Nukulaelae Islands (Pacific), 404 - tobacco, 443, 616 Nukunono Islands (Pacific), 404 - wheat, 442, 616 Nupe (Nigeria), 266 Okayama (Japan), 1203 Nuremberg, 1016, 1072 Oki Islands (Japan), 1201 Nushki (Baluchistan), 182 Oklahoma, city, 618 Nyasa.land Protectorate, 238-40 Oklahoma and Indian Territory - administration, 238 agriculture, 619 - cotton cultivation, 238 -area and pop., 418, 419, 615 - defence, 239 - banks, 621 · -finance, 239 - constitution and govt., 617--8 - governor, 240 - cotton crop, 443 - posts and telegraphs, 239-40 - defence, 619 - shipping (lake), 239 - finance, 619 Nyasa Company (Portuguese), 1378 -instruction, 426, 618 Nyeri (E. Africa), 216 -justice and charity, 618 Nyezhin, 1418 - public lands, 440 NyiregyMza (Hungary), 764 - representation, 618 -wheat, 442, 619 Oldenburg, grand-duchy, 1089 AHU (Hawaii), 686-7 -area and population, 1011 O Oakland (U.S.A.), 423, 484 - duchy, 1090 Oatafu IBlmds (Pacific), 404 - grand-duke, 1089 Oaxaca (.Mexico), state, 1238 ; town, -instruction, 1018 1238 - matricular contribution, 1024 Obbia (Somali Coast), 1193 -occupations of the people, 1013. Obeid, 1615 - relig~on, 1017 Oberhausen, 1016 -representation (Imperial), 1009 Obock (Somali Coast), 987 -town of, 1090 ObuaRsi (W. Africa), 270 Oldham, population, 18 Obwalden (canton), 1542 Old Marghelan, 1418 Oceania (British), 318 Olongapo, P. T., 436 -French, 962, 1005 Olympia (Wash.), 666 Ochakoff, 1429, 1434 Omaha (Nebr.), 421, 423, 579, 581 Ocos, port (Guatemala), 1143 Oman, 1326--7 Odense (Denmark), 895 - British ports, 1326 Odessa, 1418 ; University, 1420 ; Omdurman, 1615 government, 1409 Omoa. (Honduras), 1150 Offenbach (Hesse), 1016, 1083 Omotepe I. (Nicaragua), 1303 Offenburg (Baden), 1066 Omsk, 1418 Ogasawarajima (Bonin) Islands, 1201 Onitsha (Nigeria), 269, 270 O'Higgins, prov. (Chile), 831 Onomitcl1i (Japan), 1203 Ohio, agriculture, 616 Ontario, agriculture, 289 -area and pop., 418, 613 -area, 282 - constitution and govt., 612-3 - finance, 288 -defence, 616 - fisherieR, 290 -finance, 615 - inRtruction, 285 -instruction, 426, 614 --manufactureR, 290 -justice and charity, 61/i - population, 282 - manufactures, 616-7 - religion, 284 -- mining, 616 - representation 280, 281 -production and industry, 616-7 Opobo (Nigeria), 1688 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

OPO PAN Oporto, 1366 Osnabruck (Prussia), 1016 Oran (Algeria), 942, 971, 972, 973 Ossovets, 1429 , area, 242 Ostend (Belgium), 792 -banks, 245 Otago (N.Z.), district, 384 - books of reference, 245 Otaru (Japan), 1203 -coal, 244 Otavi (Ger. S. W. Africa), J 054 - commerce, 244 Otjimbingue (Ger. S. W. Africa), 105,! - communications, 244 Otsu (Japan), 1203 - constitution, 241 Ottawa, 283, 285, 293 - diamonds, 244 Otto, King (Bavaria), 1068 -government, 241 Oudh (province), see United ProvinC'es - governor, 241 Oulgaret (French India), 963 - finance, 243 Overyssel, 1268, 1270 - instruction, 242-3 Oviedo, 1506 ; faculty, 1508 -justice, 243 Oxford, 18; University, 34-5 - live stock, 243 - population, 242 -production and industry, 243-4 AARL (Cape Colony), 207 - railways, 244-5 P Pabellon de Pica (Peru), 1356 - religion, 242 Pachuca (Mexico), 1238 - telegraphs, 245 Pacific Islands (British), 402-6 Orcha (India), 144 - high commissioner, 403 Orebro (Sweden), 1525 Pacific (French), 962, 1003-6 Oregon, agriculture, 597 Pacific (German), 1051, 1057-9 -area and population, 418, 622 (Dutch E. Indies), 1291 ---: constitution and govt., 621 Padua (Padova), 1161; town 1167 · - defence, 624 University, 1171 ' ' - finance, 623-4 Pago Pago (Samoa), 696, 697 - fisheries, 453, 625 Pahang, 188, 195-7 - forest reserves, 444 Paisley, population, 22 - instruction, 426, 623 Pakhoi, 846 -justice and charity, 623 Palau or Pelew Islands, 1051 1057 - mining, 625 Palatinate, 1070, 1072 ' - production and industry, 624-5 Palembang, 1289 -public laud, 440 Palermo, 1163; town, 1167; ship· - religion, 623 ping, 1188; University, 1171 - representation, 413, 622 Palestine, colonization in 1573 -wheat, 442 Palma (Baleares), 1506 ' Orel, 1418 Palmerston Island (Cook Is.), 396 Orenburg, 1418 Palmerston, North (N. Z. ), 384 Oriente (Ecuador), 907 Palmyra Island (Pacific), 404 Orissa (India), 142 Pampa (Arg. Rep.), 711 Orizaba (Mexico), 1238 Panama, 868; area and pop., 1328-9 Orkney Isles, area and population, 21 -books of reference, 1331 Orleans, 920 - canal, 1328, 1330-1 Ormoc (Philippines), 691 - commerce, J 330 Oro (Ecuador), 907, 908 - education, 1329 Orono, Univ. (U.S.A.), 544 -government, 1328 Orsova, 730 - president, 1328 Oruro (dep. ), 810; town, 810, 811 -production, 1329 Osaka (Japan), 1203; port, 1215 -railway, 1330 Oscarsborg (Norway), 1315 - shipping, 1330 Osh, 1418 - town, 1328-30 INDEX 1689

PAN PER Panay Island (Philippines), 691 Patiaia, state, 145, 159; town, 148 Pangani (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 Patna, 148 Pangkor Is. (Perak), 189 Patras, 1130 Panjgur (Mekran), 184 Pau, 920 Panjin (Goa), 1376 Pau-ting-fu (China), arsenal, 847 Papeete, 1005 Paulpietersburg (Natal), 230, 231 Papho (Cyprus), 129 Pavia, 1161; town, 1167 Papua, see British New Guinea Pawtucket (R.I.), 633, 636 Para (Brazil), 819; arsenal, 822 Paysandu, 1621, 1623 Paraguari (Paraguay), 1332 Pearl Is. (Panama), 1329 Paraguay, area and pop., 1332 Pearl River, Miss., 462 - books of reference, 1336 Pees (Fiinfkirchen), 764 - commerce, 1334-5 Pedro Cays, 310, 311 - constitution and government, 1332 Peking, 813, 845 - currency and credit, 1335 Pelew Is., 1051, 1057 - debt, 1333-4 Peloponnesus, 1129 - defence, 1334 Pemba Island, 216, 221--3 - diplomatic representatives, 1366 Penang, 188-94 - education, 1333 Penguins, chief (Kedah), 1495 - finance, 1333 Pentops (Bhutan chiefs), 808 -justice, 1333 Pennsylvania, agriculture, 630 - money, weights, & measures, 1335 -area awl population, 417, 627 - posts and telegraphs, 1335 - constitution and govt., 626-7 - president, 131!2 -· defence, 630 - production and industry, 1334 - finance, 629-30 - railways, 1335 - instruction, 425, 627-8 - religion, 1333 - iron industries, 631 Parahyba State (Brazil), 819 -justice and charity, 628-9 ·- (town), 820 - mining, 631 Paramaribo (Surinam), 1297 - production and industry, 630-2 Parana (Arg. Rep,), 712; University, - representation, 413, 626 713 - tobacco, 443, 630 - State (Brazil), 819, 824 - wheat, 442, 630 Parchim (Mecklenburg. Schwerin) Penon (Morocco), 1259 1087 Penon de ]a Gomera, 1506 Pargana-Manpur State (India), agri- Penrhyn Island (Cook Is.), 396 culture, 160, 162 Pensacola, Fla., 436, 462, 505, 508 - forests, 161 Penza, 1418 Paris, faculties, &c., 928-9 Peoria, 111., 423, 517 - finance, 935 Perak, 188, 195-7 - fOl'tifications, 936 Perene District (Peru), 1355 --local govemment, 916 Perim, 116 - population, 920 Perlis (Siam), 1495 -trade, 951 Perm, 1418 Parma, 1161;town, 1167;Univ.,ll71 Pernambuco (state), 819, 823 Paro (Bhutan), 808 -(town), 819 ; arsenal, 822 Parramatta (N.S.W.), 333 Pernik mines (Bulgaria), 1550 Parry Is., 396 Perp1gnan, 920 Parsis, or Gnebres (Persian), 1340 Persia, area and population, 1339-40 Passamaquoddy (Me.), 462 - banks, 1346 Pasto (Colombia), 863 - books of reference, 1349-50 Patagonia, 835 -cities, 1339-40 Paterson, N.J., 423, 590 - commerce, 1344 ct seq. }690 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

PER PIU Persia, constitution, 1338 Peter I., of Servia, 1482 - currency and credit, 1346 Petervarad, 730 - defence, 1342 Pforzheim (Baden), 1016, 1066 - diplomatic representatives, 1349 Philadelphia (Pa.), 41!0, 423, 627; -finance, 1341-2 shipping, 460, 632 - foreign loans, 1342 Philippeville (Algeria), 972 - government, 1335 Philippine Islands, area and pop., - - local, 1338-9 691 - instruction, 1340-1 -banks, 695 -justice, 1341 - books of reference, 698 -minerals, 1343 - commerce, 694-5 - money, weights, & measures, 1348-9 - currency and credit, 696 -National Council, 1338 - finance, 693 -pearl fishing, 1343 - forests, 693 -posts and telegraphs, 1347-8 -government, 416, 691 - production and industry, 1343 - immigration, 691 -railway, 1347 - instruction, 692 - religion, 1340 -justice, 692 -royal family, 1337-8 - mining, 693-4 - Senate, 1338 - production, 693 -Shah, 1337 - religion, 692 Persian Gulf ports, 1343, 1344, see - university, 692 also Oman Philippopolis, 1583, 1584, 1585 Perth (W. Australia), 367-8 Phrenix (Ariz.), 476 - (Scotland), population, 22 Ph.renix Islands (Pacific), 404 Peru, agriculture, 1355 Phocis, 1129 -area and pop., 1352-3 Phthiotis, 1129 - banks, 1360 Piacenza, 1161 ; town, 1167; fort -books of reference, 1360-1 1178 -boundary disputes, 1353 Piauhy State (Brazil), 819 - commerce, 1357-8 Pichincha (Ecuador), 907, 908 - constitution and government, 1351 Piedmont, 1161 -currency and credit, 1359-60 Pierre (S. Dak. ), 641 - debt, 1354-5 Pietermaritzburg, 231 - defehce, 1355 Pilgrim's Rest gold-field (S. Af.), - diplomatic representatives, 1360 261 - finance, 1355-6 Pillzhum (Ecuador), 908 -industry, 1356-7 Pilsen, 745 - instruction and justice, 1353-4 Pinar del Rio (Cuba), 886 - mines, 1356 Pines, Isle of (Pacific), 1003, 1004 - money, weights, and measures, 1366 Ping Yang (Korea), 1225, 1227 - posts and telegraphs, 1359 Pio X., Pope, 1383 - president, 1351 Piotrkov, 1418 - railways, 1359 Pirreus, 1130, 1137 - religion, 1353 Pirmasens (Bavaria), 1072 - shipping and navigation, 1358-9 Pirot (Servia), 1484, 1488 -universities, 1353 Pisa, 1162; town, 1167; Univ., Perugia, 1162; town, 1167; Univ., 1171 1171 Pisagna, port (Chile), 837 Peruvian Corporation, 1355, 1356 Pishin (Baluchistan), 182-4 Pesaro, 1162; town, 1167 Pitcairn Island (Pacific), 403 Pescadores Islands, 1201 Pittsburg (Pa.), 421, 423, 627, 631 Peshawur, 148 Piusk, 1418 INDEX 1691

PLA POR Plauen (Saxony), 1016, 1115 Port Nolloth (Cape Colony), 212 Plevna (B•1lgaria), 1584 Porto (Portugal), 1365 Plock, 1418 PortO Alegre (Brazil), 819 Ploesti (Rumania.), 1393 Port of Spain (Trinidad), 313 Plymouth, population, 18 Porto Mauririo, 1161 ; town, 1167 Plymouth (Montserrat), 312 Porto Novo (Dahomey), 992 Pnom-Penh (Cambodia), 966 Porto Rico, 688-9 Podgoritza (Montenegro), 1251, 1253 Port Royal (Jamaica), 811 Pointe-3-Pitre (Guadeloupe), lOOt Port Royal (S.C.), 436 Pointe des Galets (Reunion), 987 Port f' lid (Egypt), 1596, 1597 ; Poitiers, 920 ; faculties, 928 town, 1598 Pola, 730, 745 Porto Seguro (Togoland), 1052 Poland (Russian), area and popula- Port Sudan, 1615 tion, 1412-13, 1417 Port Talbot, 79, 94 - crops, 1439 Portsmouth, population, 18, 19 -forests, 1441 Portsmouth (N.H.), 436, 586, 588 -government, 1H1 Portsmouth (Va.), 462 -justice, 1423 Portugal, agriculture, 1371 -land ownership, 1438 -area and pop., 1365-7 -live stock, 1441 - banks, 1375 - manufactures, 1445 -births, deaths & marriages, 1366-7 -mining, 1442, 1443 - books of reference, 1380-2 - See also Russia - colonies, 1376 et seq. Poltava, 1418 - commerce, 1372 et seq. Pomerania, area and population - constitution & government, 1363-4 1097 - Cortes, 1363 - crime, 1102 - currency and credit, 1375 -religion, 1099 -debt, 1369 Ponape (Caroline Is.), 1058 - defence, 1369-71 Ponce (Porto Rico), 689 -diplomatic representatives, 1374 Pondichery (French India), 963 - emigration, 1367 Pondoland, 206 - finance, 1368-9 Ponta Delgada (Azores), 1366 - fisheries, 1372 Poona, 148 - import duties, 1372-4 Popayan (Colombia), 868 -instruction, 1367-8 Portalegre (Portugal), 1365, 1366 -justice and crime, 1368 Port Alexander (Angola), 1378 -king, 1362 Port Ancon (Panama), 1328 -mines, 1371-2 Port Arthur, 845, 860, 1202 -ministers, 1364 Port-au-Prince (Haiti), 1146, 1148 -money, weights, & measures, 1375 Port Blair (Andamans), 187 - occupations of the people, 1366 - Penal Settlement, 187 - posts and telegraphs, 137 4 Port Bonet (Ivory Coast), 992 - production and industry, 1371 Port Cornwallis (Andamans), 187 -railways, 1374 Port de Paix (Haiti), 1146 - religion, 1367 Port Edward (Wei-Hai-Wei), 199 - royal family, 1362 Port Eli7.abeth, 207, 212 -shipping and navigation, 1374 Port Florenee (E. Africa), 216 -sovereigns since 1097, 1363 Port Herald (Nyasaland), 238 - towns, 1366 Portland (Me.), 423, 462, 544, 546 - university, 1368 Portland (Oreg.), 421, 423, 623 -wine exports, 1373-4 Port Louis (Mauritius), 227, 228 Portuguese E. Africa, J 376, 1378 Port Moresby (N. Guinea), 379, 380 - W. Africa, 1376, 1377 1692 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

POR PYR Portuguese India, 1376 Prussia, Landtag, 1095 Posen, area and population, 1097 -live stock, 1034, 1104 -crime, 1102 -manufactures, 1036, 1104 -emigration, 1099 - matricular contribution, 1024 - religion, 1099 -minerals, 1034, 1104-5 -town, 1016, 1105 - ministry, 1096 Poshan, coal field (China) 852 - occupations of the people, 1013 Potenza, 1162; town, 1167 -railways, 1044, 1105 Poti, 1435 -religion, 1017, 1099 Potosi (dep.), 810; town, 810, 811 - representation (Imperial), 1009 Potsdam, 1016 -royal family, 1091-2 Pozart\vatz (Servia), 1484 -sugar manufacture, 110! Pozsony (Pressburg), 764 - towns, 1105 Prague, 7 45 ; University, 7 48 -town and rural pop., 1097-8 Praia (Cape Verde Islands), 1377 -universities, 1020, 1100 Praslin Is. (Seychelles), 252 Prussia (E. and W.), area, &c., 1097 Pree (Siam), 1493 - crime, 1102 Preston, population, 18 - religion, 1099 Pretoria, 255, 257, 258, 260, 261 Przemysl, 730, 7 45 Prince Edward Island, area, 282 Pskov, 1418 - - - finance, 288 Pue~la (Mexico), state, 1237; town, - - - fisheries, 290 1238 - - - instruction, 285 Pueblo Colo., 491 - - - manufactures, 290 Puerto Barrios (Guatemala), 1143 - --population, 282 Puerto Cortes (Honduras), 1150, 115:l - - - religion, 204 Puerto Plata (Santo Domingo), 1478, --- representation, 280, 281 1479 Prince's Island (Principe), 1376,1377 Puerto Principe (Cuba), 886 Providence Is. (Seychelles), 252 Puerto Suarez (Bolivia), 813 Providence (R.I.), 421, 423 PugetSound(Wash.), shipping, &•·-, Province Wellesley (Penang), 188-94, 436, 462 633 Pukapuka I. (Cook Is.), 396 Prussia, Abgeorrlnetenhaus, 1094 Puket (Siam), 1495, 1498 -agriculture, 1103-4 Pulo Cambing (Timor), 1377 -area and population, 1011, 1096 Punakh:i (Bhutan), 808 -army, 1103 Punjab, agriculture, 160-2 - births,deaths,marriages,J 014,1098 -area and population, 142 -books of reference, 110_5-6 -army, 157 -breweries, 1104 -births and deaths, 147 - commerce, 1105 -finance, 155 - constitution, 1094 - forests, 161, 163 -debt, 1103 -government, 140 - distilleries, 1104 -irrigation, 163 -emigration, 1015, 1019 -justice, 152 -finance, 1102-3 -religion, 149 - foreigners, 1098 -roads, 172 -government, 1094-6 - states, 143, 145 --local, 1096 - university, 150 - Herrenhaus, 1094 Punta Lobos (Peru), 1356 -instruction, 1018, 1100-1 Puntarenas (Costa Rica), 880, 883 -justice and crime, 1101-2 Putomayo, 'l'er. (Colombia), 8•18 -king, 1091 Pyrgos, 1130 -kings from 1701, 1093 Pyrmont, 1121 INDEX 1693

QUA REV UA TRIBES (Nigeria), 270 Quito, 907 ; university, 907 Q, Quang-nam (Annam) mines,966 Quebec, province, area, 282 -- finance, 288 ABAI (E. Africa), 216 -- fisheries, 290 R Rabat (Morocco), 1257 -- instruction, 285 Radom, 1418 - - manufactures, 290 Ragusa, 730 -- population, 282 Raiatea I. (Pacific), 1005 - - religion, 284 , area, &c., 143 -- representation, 280, 281 -native states, 143, 144 - town, 283, 293 -religion, 149 Queen's College, Belfast, 37 - roads, 172' --Cork, 37 Rakaanga Island (Cook Is.), 396 - - Galway, 37 Raleigh, N. Car., 606, 607 Queensland, aborigines, 354 Ralick Islancls (Pacific), 1058 -agriculture, 357-8 Rampur(India), 145, 159; town, 148 - area and population, 354-5 Banders (Denmark), 895 - artesian wells, 359 Rangoon, 148; trade, 170 - banks, 359-60 Raoul I. (Pacific}, 397 - births, deaths, and marriages, 355 Rapa Island (Pacific), 1005 - books of reference, 360 Rarotonga Island (Cook Is.), 396-7 -commerce, 359 Rastatt (Baden), 1066 - constitution & government, 353-4 Ratack Islands (Pacific), 1058 -crops, 358 Ratisbon (Bavaria), 1072 - dl.lbt, 357 Ravavai Is. (Pacific), 1005 - defence, 357 Ravenna, 1161; town, 1167 - emigration, 355 Ravensburg, 1123 - finance, 356-7 Rawalpindi (India), 148 - forests, and timber trade, 358 Reading, 18 ; College, 37 -gold, 359 Reading (U.S.A.), 423, 627 - governor, 353 Redonda Island, 311, 312 - immigration, 355 Red Sea province, 1615 - instruction, 356 Regent's Park College, 36 - justice and crime, 356 Reggio di Calabria, 1162; town, 1167 -live-stock, 868 Reggio Emilia, 1161; town, 1167 - local government, 354 Reichenbach (Saxony), 1115 - mines and minerals, 359 Reichenberg (Austria), 745 - ministry, 353 Reims, 920 . -occupations of the people, 355 Reikjavik, 894, 904 - pauperism, 356 Rembau (Malay State), 195 - production and industry, 357-8 Remisemont, fortress, 936 - religion, 355 Remscheid (Prussia), 1016 - shipping, 359 Rennes, 920 ; faculties, 928 -wool, 358 Resht (Persia), 1340 -See also Australia, Commonwealth of Rethymo (Crete), 1591 Queretaro (Mexico), state, 1237; Reunion Island, 962, 963, f-86-7 town, 1238 ReUS-! (elder branch), 1106 Quesada, dept. (Colombia), 868 -(younger bmnch), 1106 Quetta, 181-5 Reuss-Gera, 1107 Quezaltenango (Guatemala), 1140 Ret1ss-Greiz, 11 OG Quilimane (Port. E. Africa), 1378 Reuss-Schleiz, 1013 Qui-Nhon (Annam), 966 Reutlingen, 1123 Quintana Rio, dist. (Mexico), 1237 Reval, 1418, 1435 1694 THE SfATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

REW RUM (Fiji), 401 Rochdale, population, 18 Rewa (India), 144 Rochefort, 920 ; port, 942 Rhine, province, area, &c., 1097 Rochester {N.Y.), 421, 423, 600 - crime, 1102 Rockhampton (Queensland), 355 -religion, 1099 Rocky Island (Pacific), 404 Rhode Island, area and pop., 417,633 Rodrigues, 226, 229 -banks, 636 Roko Tui (Fiji title), 398 -constitution & government, 632-3 Rome, 1162; pop., 1167; defence, - defence, 635 1178 - finance, 635 - See and Church of, 1183 - instruction, 425, 634o --archbishoprics, 1387 -justice and charity, 634 - -bishoprics, 1387 - manufactures, 635 -- books of reference, 1388-90 - railways, 636 - -cardinal bishops, 1384 -representation, 413, 632-3 - - - priests, 1384-6 Rhodesia, area, 245 - - - deacons, 1386 - books of reference, 249-50 - - diplomatic relations, 1388 - North-Eastern, 245, 248 - - patriarchates, 1387 --area, 248 - - Pop

RUM ST Rumania, diplomatic representatives, Rumania, iron and steel, 1442-3 1401 - justice and crime, 1422-3 - finance, 1394-5 -land ownership, 1438 -forests, 1397-8 -live stock, 1441 - instruction, 1393-4 -manufactures, 1445-6 -justice, 1394 - mines and minerals, 1442 et seq. - local government, 1392 - Ministers, Committee of, 1408 - mining, 1398 -- Council of, 1408 -money, weights, & measures, 1401 - ministry, 1408-9 - posts and telegraphs, 14.01 -money, weights, & measures, 1460 - production and industry, 1397 -naphtha, 1444 - railways, 1400 -navy, 1434-8 - reigning lUng, 1391 - population, 1412 et seq. - religion, 1393 - - ethnical composition of~ 1415 - shipping, 1400 - posts and telegraphs, 1457 - towns, 1393 - prisQp.s and prisoners, 1423 - universities, 1394 -production and industry, 1438 Rumelia, Eastern, 1561, 1584 et seq. Rurntn Island (Pacific), 1005 - railways, 1455-7 Rusapi (Rhodesia), 246 -reigning emperor, 1403 Russia, agriculture, 1438 et seq. -religion, 1419-20 -area, 1412 - rivers and canals, 1455 -army, 1430-4 - Ruling Senate, 1407 - banb, 1458-60 -salt, 1445 -births and deaths, 1415-6 - shipping and navigation, 1453 - books of reference, 1469-78 -sugar works, 1446 -coal output, 1443-4 - textile industries, 1446 -commerce, 1446 et seq. - tobacco, 1440 - constitution, 1405 et seq. -towns, 1417-19 - cotton cultivation, 1440 -Tsars & emperors from 1613, 1405 -- industry, 1446 - universities, 1420 - Council of the Empire, 1406 -wheat crops, 1439, 144 3 - crops, 1439-40 Rustchuk, 1584, 1585 -currency and credit, 1457-60 Ryazan, 1418 -debt, 1427 Rybinsk, 1418 - defence, 1429 et seq. - dependencies in Asia, 1467 AADANI (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 - diplomatic representatives, 1461 S Saba Island (Dutch W.l.), 1298 -distilleries, 1446 Sacramento (Cal.), 484 -Duma, 1406 Sado Islands (Japan), 1201 - emigration, 1416-7 Saffi (Morocco), 1257 -finance, state, 1423-7 Saga (Japan), 1203 - - local, 1428-9 Sa~allo (Somali Coast), 987 -forests, 1441-2 Sahara, 961, 988 -frontier, 1429 - (Algerian), 970, 971 - gold output, 1442 Saharanpur, 148 - government, 1405-9 Saiad tribes (Baluchistan), 184 -- local, 1409-11 Saigon (Cochin-China), 964, 967 96 - Holy Synod, 1408 St. Andrews University, 35, 36 -illiteracy, 1422 St. Barth6Iemy (Guadeloupe), 1000 - imperial family, 1403-4 St. Benoit (Reunion), 987 -import duties, 1447 St. Brandon Islands, 229 - instruction, 1420-2 St. Christopher, sec St. Kitt 1696 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

ST. SAN St. Croix (Danish W.I.), 904. Salford, population, 18 St. Denis (France), 920; port, 936 Salisbury (Rhodesia), 246 - Reunion, 986 Salonica (vilayet), 1561 ; town, 1563; St. Etienne (France), 920, 929 trade, 1573 St. Eustache (Cura9ao), 1298 Salta (Argentina), 711 ; town, 712 St. l!'rancis (Seychelles), 252 Saltillo (Mexico), 1238 St. Gallen (canton), 1540, 1543 Salt Lake City (Utah), 4.23, 654 St. Gallen (town), 1544 Saito (Uruguay), 1621, 1623, 1624 St. George's (Grenada), 314 Saltpond (W. Africa), 270 St. Helena, 251 Salvador, area and pop., 1474 St. Helens, population, 18 - books of reference, 1477 St. ,Tohn (New Brunswick), 283, 293 -commerce, 1475-6 St. John (Antigua), 312 -constitution & gov., 1474 St. John (Danish W.I.), 904 -debt, 1475 St. John's Hall, London, 36 -diplomatic representatives, 1477 St. John's (Newfoundland), 305 - finance,1474-5 St. Joseph (Mo.), 421, 423, 572 - instruction, justice, 14.7 4 St. Kitts, 311, :!12, 313 -money, weights, measures, 1477-8 St. Louis (Mo.), 4.21, 423, 572 -posts and telegraphs, 1476 - Reunion, 986 -president, 1474 - (Senegal), 990 -production, 1475 St. Lucia (W. I.), 314, 315-17 -railways, 1476 St. Marie (Madagascar), 981 -shipping, 1476 St. Martin-de-Re (prison), 931 Salzburg (Austria), area and pop., 743 St. Martin Island (Guadeloupe), 1000 -representation in Reichsrath, 7 40 St. Martin (Cura~ao), 1298 --provincial Diet, 741, 742 St. Mary I. (Gambia), 273 -town, 745 St. Maurice, fort (Switzerland), 1548 Samar Island (Philippines), G91 St. Nazaire, 920 Samara, 1418 St. Nicolas (Belgium), 792 Samarai (N. Guinea), 379 St. Ouen, 920 Samarang (Dutch E. Ind.), 1290,1291 St. Paul (Minn.), 421, 423, 564, 567 Samarcand, 1414, 1418 - - Reunion, 986 Samere (Abyssinia), 702 St. Paul Island, 987 Samoan Islands (German), 1051, St. Petersburg, 1418, 1429, 1435 1058-9 -government, 1409 -- (American) 6.96; naval station, -University, 1420 436, 696 St. Pierre Island, 962, 963, 1002 Samos, lloO, 1561, 1593 - (Seychelles), 252 Samshui, 846, 854 - (Reunion), 936 San Antonio (Tex.), 423 St. Quentin (France), 920 San Carlos (Philippines), 691 St. Salvador (Bahamas), 308 Sandakan (Borneo), 118, St. Thomas (Danish W.I.), 904 Sandhurst Royal Military and Staff St. Thomas I. (W. Africa), 1376-7 Colleges, 64 St. Vincent (W.I.), 314, 315-17 Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), 686 Saipan (Caroline Islands), 1058 Sandwich Harbour (S. W. Africa), Sakai (Japan), 1203 1054 Sakalava race (Madagascar), 981 San Antonio (Tex.), 650 Sakhalin Island, 1202, 1409, 1463 San Francisco (Cal. ),city,421,423,484 Salamanca University (Spain), 1508 -county, 483 Salem (India), 148 - trade & shipping, 460, 462, 489 Salem, Oreg., 622 -University, 485 Salerno, 1162; town, 1167 San Gil (Colombia), 868 INDEX 1697

SAN SAX San Jose (Cal. ), 484 Santo Domingo, defence, 1479-80 San Jose (Costa Rica), 880, 883 - diplomatic representatives, 1481 San Jose (Guatemala), 1148 -finance, 1479 San Jose (Uruguay), 1621 -justice, 1479 San Juan (Arg. Rep.), 711, 717 - money, weights, & measures, 1481 -town, 712 -posts and telegraphs, 1481 San Juan del Sur, 1302 -president, 1478 San Juan (Porto Rico), 689; naval -production and industry, 1480 station, 436 - railways, 1481 San Luis (Argentina), 711 ; town, 712 -religion and instruction, 1478 San Luis Potosi (Mexico), state, 1237; - shipping, 1481 town, 1238 -town, 1478 San Marino, 1191; books of reference, - See also Haiti. 1197 Santo Luis (Brazil), 820 San Miguel (Salvador), 1474 Sapele (S. Nigeria), 268, 270 San Paulo (Brazil), 719, 823; town, Santos (Brazil), 820 719 Santuao, 846, 854 San Paulo de Loanda, 1378 San Vicente (Salvador), 1474 San Pedro (Paraguay), 1332 Sapporo (Japan), 1203 San Pedro (Guatemala), 1140 Sarajevo, 778 San Pedro Sula (Hon.), 1150 Saratov, 1418 San Salvador, 1474 Sarawak (Borneo), 119-20, 188 San Sebastian, 1607 Sardinia, 1163 ; defence, 117 8 Sansanne-Mangu (Togoland), 1052 Sark and Brechou, population, 26 Santa Ana (Salvador), 1474 -government, 103 Santa Catharina (Brazil), 785, 789 Sasebo (Japan), 1203, 1210 Santa Clara (Cuba), 886 Saskatchewan (Canada), 280, 281, Santa Cruz (Arg. Rep.), 711 282, 289, 290 Santa Cruz (Bolivia), 810 Sassari,1163; town, 1167;Univ.,ll71 Santa Cruz (Canaries), 1507 Sault Ste, Marie, Mich., 560 Santa Cruz Is. (Pacific), 404 Savage I. (Cook Is.), 396 Santa Cruz de Mar de Pequena, 1259 Savaii (Samoa), 1051, 1058 Santa Fe, 711 ; town, 711 ; Savannah, Ga., 423, 452, 509, 512 university, 713 Savanna laMar (W.I. ), 310 Santa Fe, N. Mex., 594 Saxe-Altenburg, 1009, 1107 Santa Marta (Colombia), 868, 870 Saxe-Coburg Gotha, 1009, 1108 Santander (Spain), 1506 Saxe-Meiningen, 1009, 1110 Santa Rosa (Colombia), 868 Saxe Weimar, 1009, 1110 Santa Rosa (Honduras), 1150 Saxony, area and pop., 1011, 1014, San Thome Island, 1376, 1377 1114-5 Santiago (S. Domingo), 1478, 1479 -books of reference, 1118 Santiago University (Spain), 1508 - constitution, 1113-4 Santiago de Chile (prov.), 831 - distilleries, 1118 -(town), 831 ; university, 831 -emigration, 1015 Santiago de Cuha (province), 886, -finance, 1116 887 ; town, 886 -government, 1113-4 Santiago del Estero (Arg. Rep.), 711 -instruction, 1018, 1116 Santo Domingo, area and pop., 1146, -justice and crime, 1116 1478 -king, 1112 -books of reference, 1481-2 -live stock, 1034 - commerce, 1480 -manufactures, 1036, 1117 -constitution and govt., 1478 - matricular contribution, 1024 -debt, 1479 - mining, 1034, 1117 5 Q 1698 THE STATESMAN•s YEAR-BOOK, 1908

SAX BER Saxony, occupations of the people, Scotland, justice and crime, 48, 44, 45 1018 - language, 15 -production and industry, 1116 et - local government, 12, 18 . seq. -local taxation, li7-8 - railways, lOU, 1118 - occupationsofthepeople, 23 -religion, 1115 - parliamentary representation, 7 - representation (Imperial), 1009 - p&U_Perism, 46 -towns, 1115 - pollee force, 45 - (Prussian), area, &c., 1097 - population, 14-5, 20-8 - crime, 1102 -- counties, 21, 22 -religion, 1099 - posts and telegraphs, 96-8 Say (Dahomey), 998 - property assessed, 54 Schaffhausen (canton), 1540, 1548 - railways, 94, 95 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1011, 1118-9 -religion, 31-3 Schellenburg, 759 -revenue and expenditure, 47 etseq. Schnectady, N. Y., 423, 600 -towns, 22 Schiedam, 1270 -trade, 83 et seq. Schlesien, au Silesia - universities, 35-6 Schleswig-Holstein, area, &c., 1097 Scranton (Pa.), 421, 423, 627 - crime, 1102 Scutari (Albania), 1561 -religion, 1099 Seattle (U.S.A.), 423, 667 Schiineberg (Prussia}, 1016 Sebastopol, 1418, 1429, 1434 Schwarzburg- Rudolstadt, 1009, 1119 Sebbe-vi ('fogoland), 1052 Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, 1009, Sebenico, 730 1119-20 Setangor, 188, 195-7 Schwarzwald, 1122, 1123 Selukwe (Rhodesia), 246 Schwerin, 1087 Semipalatinsk, 1419 Schwyz (Canton), 1540, 1542 Senaar, 1615 Scotland, agriculturalholdings, 73,74 Sendai (Japan), 1203 - agriculture, 71 et seq. Senegal, 961, 962, 963, 990-1 - area, 14, 15, 20-3 Senegambia Territories (French), 963, -banks, joint-stock, 100--1 988 --post-office, 101 Seoul (Korea), 1225, 1227 -banks, trustee, 101, 102 Seraing (Belgium), 792 - births, dP.aths, and marriages, 27 Serdar, chief (Persia), 1339 -books of reference, 109-10 Serena (Chile), 831 - canals, 95, 96 Serpulkhov, 1418 - coal produce, 79 Sergipe (Brazil}, 819 - commerce, 83-85 Serowe (Bechuanaland), 203 - cotton factories, 81 Servia, agriculture, 1452 - counties, 21, 22 - area and pop., 1483-5 - criminals, 45 -army, 1487 -education, elementary, 41-2 -births, deaths, marriage&, 1485 -- middle-class, 38, 39 -books of reference, 1491-2 -- technical, 39 - commerce, 1489 -- universities, 35, 36 - constitution and govt., 1482-3 - electorate, 7 -currency and credit, 1491 -emigration, 27,~28 -debt, 1487 -fisheries, 76 -defence, 1487 - forestry, 76 -diplomatic representatives, 1491 - illiterates, 39 -finance, 1486-7 - imports and exports, 85 - forests, 1488 - income-tax assessment, 54 -instruction, 1485 INDEX 1699

!!ER SIN Servia justice, crime, pauperism,l486 Shol&pur, 148 -livestock, 1488 1 Shumla (Bulgaria), 1584 -mining, 1488-9 I Shush&, 1419 -money, weights, & measures, 1491 , Sia.lkot (Indis), 148 - posts and telegraphs, 1490-1 1 Sism, area and pop., 1494-5 - production and industry, 1488 -banks, H99 · railways, 1490 - books of reference, 1500-1 - religion, 1485 - boundaries, 1494 - sovereign, 1482 - commerce, 1498 -towns, 1484 - defence, 1496-7 - universit,r, 1485 - diplomatic representativeR, 1500 Setif ( Algt>rJa.), 972 - finance, 1496 Setubal (Portugal), 1366 -forests, 1497 Setul (Sism), 1495 -government, 1493-4 Sevilla. (Spain}, 1506 ; Uuiv., 1508 -instruction, 1495 Seychelles, 252-3 -King, 1493 Seyd Mohamed Rahim Khan (Khiva), -money, weights, & measures, 1499 1468 - posts and telegraphs, 1499 Seyid Abdul Ahad (Bokhara), 1467 -production and industry, 1497-8 Seyidie (E. Africa), 216 -railways, 1499 Seyyid Ali bin Hamoud (Zanzibar), - religion, 1495 222 -royal family, 1493 Seyyid Feysil bin Turki (Oman), 1326 -serfdom, 1497 Sfax: (Tunis), 996 -shipping, 1499 Shabatz (Servia), 1484 Siangtan, 845 Slui.hjaMnpur, 148 Siberia, area and pop., 1412-13 Shahr i Sabz, 1467 -immigration, 1417 Shaik Othman (Aden), 116 -justice, 1423 Shanghai, 845, 846, 847, 854 -mining, 1442, 1444 Shansi, 844, 851, 852 -production, 1439-40 Shan States (lndis), 142 -railway, 1456 Shan States (Siamese), 1493 Sibi (Baluchistan), 182-5 Shantung, 844 Sibonga (Philippines), 691 Sha.rig (Baluchistan), 182 Sicily, 1163 Sharkieh or Charkieh, 1596, 1597 Sidi-bel-Abbes (Algeria), 972 Shasi, 845, 854 Sidi Mohamed (Bey of Tuni~), 995 Sheffield, 18, 19; University, 35, 36 Siedlce (Russia), 1418 Sheikh chief (Persis), 1339 Siem Reap (Cambodia), 1494 Sheilah Berbers (Morocco), 1256 Siena, 1162; town, 1167; Uuiv.1171 Shemakha, 1419 Sierra Leone, 112, 266, 271-2, 273-6 Shen-king prov. (Manchmia), 860 - Protectorate, 272 Shensi, 844 Siguiry (Guinea), 991 Sherbro Island (W. Africa), 272 Sikkim, 143, 185 Shetland Isles, area and pop., 21 Silesia (Austrian), area and pop., 7 43 Shias (sect), 117, 706, 1340 -representation in Reichsrath, 740 Shidzuoka(Japan), 1203 - - provincial Diet, 7 42 Shigatze, 861 Silesis (Prussian), area, &c., 1097 Shikoku (Japan), 1202 -crime, 1102 Shimonoseki (Japan), 1203, 1217 - religion, 1099 Shintoism (Japan), 1203 Silhouette Is. (Seychelles), 252 Shtriz (Persis), 1340 Simbirsk, 1418 Shire Highlands, 238 Simpheropol, 1418 Shoa (Abyssinia}, 701 Sinaloa (Mexico), 1238 5 Q 2 1700 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

SIN sou Sind (India.), 142, 160, 161, 162, 166, Sorbonne (Pari~), 928 168, 169 Soriano (Uruguay), 1621, 1623 Singapore, 188-94 Soroki, 1418 Singan, 845 South Africa. (British), see Rhodesia Sinjera.ni (Ba.luchista.n), 182 South African Customs Union, 247 Sin-kia.ng, prov. (China.), 862 Southampton, 18 ; Port, 94 Sino (Liberla.), 1231 - college, 37 Sioux Falls, S. Da.k., 641-2 South Australia., aborigines, 362 ·Siracusa (Sicily}, 1188 ; town, 1187 -agriculture, 884 Sirhind Ca.na.l (India.), 163 -area. and population, 361-2 Sirmur (Na.ha.n) (India), 145, 159 -banks, 365 Sisophon (Cambodia.), 1494 -births, deaths, marriages, 362 Sista.n, 1344 - books of reference, 365 Sitka (Alas.), 684 - commerce, 364-5 (vila.yet), 1562; town, 1563 - nonstitntion & government, 360-1 Skien (Norway), 1312 -debt, 364 Skupshtina (Montenegro), 1251 - emigration, 362 Slavonia see Croatia-Slavonia - factories, 358 Slivno or Slivnitza (Bulgaria), 1584 - finance, 363-4 Smethwick, population, 19 -governor, 361 Smolensk, 1418 - local government, 361 Smyrna '(vilayet), 1562 ; town, 1563 ; - immigration, 362 trade, 1573 - instruction, 362-3 Society Islands, 1005 -justice and crime, 363 Soderhamn (Sweden), 1525 - live stock, 364 Soerabaya (Java), 1290, 1291 -mines, 364 Sofala, Port, (E. Africa), 1379 -ministry, 3til Sofia, 1584, 1585; university, 1585 -Northern Ter., 361, 362 Sokode (Togoland), 1052 - production and industry, 364 Sokoto (Nigeria), 266 - religion, 362 Sokoto (Abyssinia), 702 -shipping, 365-6 Sokotra Island, 116 -university, 363 Solomon Islands (British), 404 -wheat, 364 Solomon Islands (German), 1051, 1057 - wine, 323, 364 Solothurn (Soleure), 1540, 1543 -SeealsoAustralia,Commonwealthof Somali Coast (French), 962, 963, South Carolina., agriculture, 639 987-8 -area and pop., 417, 637 Somaliland (Abyssinian), 701 - constitution and government, 636 Somaliland (British), 233-4 -cotton crop, 443, 639 Somaliland (Italian), 222, 1193 - defence, 689 Somali ports (Italian), 222, 1193 - finance, 638-9 Somali tribes (E. Africa), 216 - fisheries, 639 Sombrero Island, 313 - instruction, 426, 638 Somerville College, Oxford, 37 -justice and charity, 638 Somerville (U.S.A.), 423, 553 -mills, 640 Sonderherg, naval base, 1029 - mining, 639 Sondershausen, 1120 -production and industry, 639 Sondrio (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 - religion, 638 Songchin (Korea), 1225, 1227 -representation, 413, 636-7 Sonora (Mexico), 1238, 1242 - rice and tobacco crops, 442-3, 639 Sonsonate (Salvador), 1474 South Dakota, agriculture, 643 Sophia Island (Pacific), 404 - are11 and pop., 418, 419, 641-2 Sopron (Hungary), 764 - constitution & government, 640-1 INDEX 1701 sou STR South Dakota, defence, 642 Spain, universities, 1508 - finance, 642 -wines, 1512, 1514-15 - instruction, 426, 642 Spandau, 1016 -justice and· charity, 642-3 Spanish Town (Jamaica), 310 - mining, 644 Speightstown (Barbados), 309 - production and industry, 643-4 Speyer (Bavaria), 1072 - public land, 440 Spezia, 1178 - religion, 642 Sporades, 1129 -representation, 418, 640-1 Springfield (Mass.), 423, 533 - wheat crop, 442, 643 Springfield (Ill.), 516-7 South-Eastern Agricultural College, Sri Menanti (Malay State), 195 Wye, 86 Srinagar, 148 South Georgia Island, 800 Stanley (Falkland Islands), 300 South Island (N.Z.), 888-4 Stanley Falls (Congo State), 874 ::,!outhport, population of, 19 Stanley Pool, 874, 877 South Shields, population, 18, 19 Stanleyville, 877 South-West Africa (German), 1051, Starbuck Island (Pacific), 404 1053 Starkenburg (Hesse), 1082 Spain, agriculture, 1512 Stavanger (Norway), 1312 -area and pop., 1505-7 Stavropol, 1418 -army, 1510 Stawell (Victoria), 346 - births, deaths and marriages, 1507 Steiermark, see Styria -books of reference, 1518-9 Steppes (Russian), area and pop. ,1414 -colonies, 1517-8 - crops, 1405 - commerce, 1513-6 Stettin, 1016, 1105; shipping, 1043 ~ constitution, 1503 Stevenson Road (Rhodesia), 248 -Cortes, 1503 Stewart Island ( N. Z. ), 3.83-4 -currency and credit, 1516-7 Stewart Sound (Andamans), 187 -debt, 1509 Stockholm, 1522, 1525, 1526; -diplomatic representatives, 1517 defence, 1528 ; local government, -emigration, 1507 1523 ; shipping, 1534 - finance, 1508 et seq. ::,!tockport, population, 18, 19 -fisheries, 1513 , area, 188 -government, central, 1503 -·books of reference, 198 --local, 1505 - commerce, 192-3, - import duties, 1515 -'communications, 194 -instruction, 1507-8 -constitution, 188 - live stock, 1512 - currency, 194 -manufactures, 1513 -customs valuation, 191 -mining and minerals, 1512-3 -defence, 191 - ministry, 1504 -finance, 191 -money, weights,andmeasures, 1517 -government, 188 -navy, 1511-2 -governor, 188 - occupations of the people, 1507 - import duties, 192 -posts and telegraphs, 1516 - instruction, 190 -production and industry, 1512-3 -justice and crime, 190 -railways, 1516 -military expenditure, 112 - religion, 1507 -money, weights, measures, 194 -royal family, 1500 -population, 188-9 -shipping and navigation, 1516 -production and industry, 192-4 - sovereign, 4, 1500 -railways, 194 - sovereigns since 1512, 1503 -shipping, 193 -towns, 1506-7 -tin, 193 1702 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

STR swr Straits Settlements, troops at,112, 191 Sweden, industry, 1532 - Si;e also Malay States, Federated. -instruction, 1526 Strassburg, 1016, 1062; Univ., 1020 -justice and crime, 1526 Stuttgart, 1016, 1123 -king, 1520 Styria, (Austria), area and pop., 743 - kings and queens since 1521, 1521 - representation in Reichsrath, 7 40 - Landstings, 1522-3 --provincial Diet, 741-2 -mines and minerals, 1531 Suabia, 1070, 1072 - ministry, 1522 Suakim, 1615 - money, weights, and measures, 1537 Suchan, 845, 854 -navy, 1530 Sucre (Bolivia), 810, 811 - occupations of the people, 1525 Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian), 1614 - pauperism, 1526 Suez Canal, 1596, 1597, 1611-2 -posts and telegraphs, 1535 Sulina, 1400 - production, 1531 Sulu Islands, 691 -railways, 1535 Sumatra, 1288,1289; coal mines, 1294 - religion, 1526 Sumy, 1418 -royal family, 1520-1 Sunda Islands, 1283 -shipping and navigation, 1534-5 Sunday I. (Pacific), 347 -towns, 1525 Sunderland, 19; port, 79, 94 - universities, 1526 Sundsvall (Sweden), 1525 - See also Norway. Sungei Ujon~, 195 Switz~rland, agriculture, 1551 Sunior Sunm(sec), 184,222,706,1340 -area and population, 1542 Surat, 148 - army, 1549 et seq. Surinam, 1296-8 - banks, 1554 Sus (Morocco), 1256 - book of reference, 1555-6 Suva (Fiji), 399, 400 -births, deaths, andmarriages, 1544 Sveaborg, 1429, 1434, 1462 - Bundesrath, the, 1541 Swakopmund(Ger. S. W. Af.),1053-4 - commerce, 1552-3 Swansea, 19 ; port, 79, 94 -constitution, 1502 Swat, 705 -currency and credit, 1554 Swatau, 846, 854 -- customs valuation, 1553 Swaziland (S. Africa), 256, 263-4 -debt, 1548 Sweden, agriculture, 1531 - defence, 1548-51 -area and population, 1523 et seq. -diplomatic representatives, 1555 -army, 1528 - emigration, 1544 -banks, 1535-6 -Federal Assembly, 1541 - births, deaths, and marriages, 1525 -finance, 1547 -books of reference, 1537-8 -forestry, 1551 -commerce, 1532-4 -government, central, 1539 - constitution, 1521 --local, 1541-2 - council of state, 1521 - instruction, 1545-6 - currency and credit, 1535 -justice and crime, 1546-7 -customs valuation, 1533-4 - money, weights, measures, 1555 -debt, 1528 - Nationalrath, the, 1540 -defence, 1528 - occupations of the people, 1543-4 - Diet, the, 1521 -posts and telegraphs, 1554 -diplomatic representatives, 1!\37 - president, 1541 - emigration, 1525 -production and iwlu"try, 1551-2 - finance, 1527 - railways, 1553 -government, central, 1521 -religion, 1544-5 --local, 1523 - Shinderath, 1540 - import duties, 1532 -towns, 154{ INDEX 1703

BWI TEN Switzerland, universities, 1546 Tamsui (Formosa), 1220 Sydney (N.S.W.), finance, 337 Tamworth (N.S.W.), 333 - naval station, 335, 337 Tanala (Malagasy), 981 - population, 333 ; shipping, 328 ; Tanaland (E • .Africa), 216 University, 333 Tanga (Ger. E . .Africa), 1055 Sydney Island (Pacific), 404 Tan~er (Morocco), 1256, 1257 Syracuse (N.Y.), 421, 423, 600 TaDJore, 148 Syr Daria, 1414 Tantah (Egypt), 1598 Syria (vilayet), 1562 Taoism, 843 Syzran, 1418 Taranaki district (N.Z.), 384 Szabadka (Hungary), 764 Taranto, fort, (Italy), 1178 Szechuen, 844, 851, 852 Tarapaca, prov. (Chile), 831,835,1353 Szeged (Hungary), 764 Tarija (Bolivia), 810; town, 810 Szekes-Fejervar (Hungary), 764 Tarnopol, 745 Szemao, 846, 854 Tashkend, 1418 Szentes (Hungary), 764 Tasichozong (Bhutan), 808 Tasmania, agriculture, 377 -area and population, 374-5 - births, deaths, and marriages, 37 4 .ABACO (Philippines), 691 -books of reference, 378 T Tabasco (Mexico), 1237 - commerce, 378 'l'abora (Ger. E. Africa), 1055 -constitution and government, 373 'l'abriz (Persia), 1339, 1340, 1344 -debt, 376 Tachira (Venezuela), 1630 -emigration, 375 Tacna, prov. (Chile), 831, 1353 - finance, 376 Tacoma, Wash., 423, 667 -gold, 377 Tacuarembo (Uruguay), 1621 - governor, 373 Tafilet (Morocco), 1256 -horticulture, 377 Tagal tribes (Cochin China), 967 - immigmtion, 375 Taganrog, 1418 -instruction, 375 Tahaa I. (Pacific), 1005 -justice and crime, 375 Tahiti, 962, 1005 - mines and minerals, 377 Tai mce (.Annam), 966 - ministry, 373 Tainan (Formosa), 1220 - occupations of the people, 37 4 Taipa (Macao), 1376 -pauperism, 375 , see Formosa -production and industry, 377 Tai-yuan, 844 - railways, 328, 329 Tajurah (Somali coast), 987 -religion, 375 Tajiks (tribe), 706 -shipping, 378 Taka (Bhutan), 808 -university, 375 Takamatsu (Japan), 1203 - SeealsoAustralia,Commonwealthof Takasaki (Japan), 1203 Taveta (E. Africa), 216 Takaoka(Japan), 1203 Tavira (Portugal), 1366 Talca, prov. (Chile), 831 Tawilah I. (Persian Gulf), 1326 -town, 831 Ta-yeh mines (China), 852 TaWin-wan, 845, 860, 1202 Tegucigalpa (Honduras), 1150 Tallahasse, Fla., n05 Teheran, 1339, 1340, 1343, 1344 'l'amatave, 981, 984 Tembuland, 206 Tamaulipas (Mexico), 1237 Temesvar, 730, 764 Tambov, 1418 Teng-yueh, 846, 854 Tammerfors, 1418, 1462 'fennessee, agriculture, 648 Tampa, Fla., 505 -area aud population, 418, 645-6 Tampin, 19{j -coal, 648 1704 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK 1908

TEN TRA Tennessee, constitution & govt.,644-5 Tobolsk, 1418 - cotton, 448, 648 Togo (Togoland), 1052 - defence, 648 Togoland, 1051 -finance, 647 Islands (Pacific), 404 - instruction, 420, 646 Tokio or Tokyo, 1208; univ., 1204 -justice and charity, 646-7 Tokushima (Japan), 1208 - mining, 648 Toledo, Ohio, 421, 423, 618 -production and industry, 648 Tolima (Colombia), 868, 870 - religion, 646 Toluca (Mexico), 1288 -representation, 418, 644-5 Tombo Island (Guinea), 991 - tobacco crop, 448 Tomsk, 1418 ; university, 1420 - wheat crop, 442 Tonga Islands, 818, 402-8 Tenno or Emperor of Japan, 1198 Tongareva I. (Cook Is.), 896 Tephus (of Bhutan), 808 'l'ongkah Is., 1498 Tepic Ter. (Mexico), 1287, 1238 Tongsa (Bhutan), 808 Teramo (Italy), 1162 ; town, 1167 Tonk (India), 144 Terre Haute, Ind., 423, 522 Tonking, 961, 964, 968-9 Tete (Port. E. Africa), 240, 1378 Tonsberg, fort (Norway), 1315 Tetua.n ~Morocco), 1257 Toowoomba. (Queensland), 355 Texas, agriculture, 651 Topeka, Ka., 581, 532 -area and population, 418, 649-50 Toro (Uganda), 219 - constitution and government, 649 Toronto (Canada), 283, 293 - cotton crop, 443, 652 Tortoise Islands, see Galapagos - defence, 651 Tortola Island (W. I.), 313 - finance, 651 Totonicapan (Guatemala), 1110 - instruction, 420, 650 Tottoni (Japan), 1203 -justice and charity, 650-1 Touggart (Algeria), 970 - mining, 652 Toul (fortress), 936 - production and industry, 651-2 Toulon, 920 ; fort, 936 ; port, 942 - religion, 650 Toulouse, 920 ; faculties, 928 - representation, 413, 649 Toungso (Tongsa) (Bhutan), 808 - tobacco, 652 Tourane (Annam), 966 - wheat and rice crops, 442, 651-2 Tourcoing, 920 ; trade, 951 Thai district (Baluchistan), 82 Tournai, 792, 797 Thessaly, 1129 Tours, 920 Thimbu (Bhutan), 808 Townsville (Queensland), 355 Thursday Island, 321 Toyama (Japan), 1203 Thurgau (canton), 1540, 15d3 Transcaspian provinces, 1414 Tibet, 844, 860 'franscaucasia, 1413; produce, 1440 Ticino (canton), 1540, 1542 Transkei, 206 Tient-sin, 844, 845, 847, 854, 1193 Transvaal, The, area and pop., 256-7 Tierra del Fuego, 711, 835 -banks, 263 Tiflis, 1418 - books of reference, 264-5 Tigre (Abyssinia), 701 -Chinese, 261, 262 Tilburg, 1270 - coal output, 261 Timbo (French Guinea), 991 - commerce, 262-3 Timbuktu, 993 - constitutiou & government, 254-6 Timor (Dutch), 1289; (Portuguese), - defence, 260 1376, 1377 - diamonds, 261 Tiraspol, 1418 - finance, 259-60 Tlaxcala (Mexico), 1239 - gold output, 261 Tlem9en (Algeria), 972 - governor, 255 , 313, 314 -instruction, 257-8 INDEX 1705

TRA TUS Transvaal, Inter-Colonial Council, Tunis, 961 255-6 -area and pop., 961, 996 - justice, 258 -army, 938, 995-6 - live-stock, 261 -bey, 995 -mining, 261-2 -books of reference, 999-1000 - production and industry, 261-2 -city, 936 -railways, 263 - commerce, 963, 998-9 -religion, 257 - finance, 996 - telegraphs, 263 - government, 995 Trapani (Italy), 1163; town, 1167 -industry, 997 Tras os Montes, 1365 - instruction, 996 (India), 144 - money, weights, & measures, 999 Trarza (Fr. W. Africa), 989 -railways and telegraphs, 999 Trebizond (vilayet), 1562 ; town, Tunja (Colombia), 870 1563 ; trade, 1573 Turane (Annam), 966 Treinta-y-Tre& (Uruguay), 1621 Turin (Torino), 1161,1167; Univ., 1171 Trenton (N. Jersey), 423, 590 Turkana (Uganda), 219 Treviso (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 Turkestan (Chinese), 844, 862 Trichinopoli, 148 - (Russ.),l414; cotton,1440 Trieste, 740, 742; town, 730; port, 756 Turkey, agriculture, 1571-3 Trikkala, 1129; town, 1130 - area and pop., 1561-3 Tringano (Siam), 1494 -army, 1567 Trinidad, 312, 315-17 -books of reference, 1579-82 Trinidad (Bolivia), 810 -commerce, 1573-5 Tripoli (Afr.), 1562,1579; trade, 1578 - constitution, 1558 - (Greece), 1130 - debt, 1565-6 , 251-2 - defence, 1566 Trivandrum, 148 - diplomatic representatives, 1578-9 Trois Freres Islands, 229 - finance, 1565 Trondhjem (Norway), 1312; shi!J- -frontiers, 1566-7 ping, 1321 - government, 1558-60 Troy (U.S.A.), 423, 600 - instruction, 1564-5 Troyes, 920 - mining, 1573 Trujillo (Honduras), 1150 -ministry, 1559 -(Peru), University, 1356 - money, weights, & measures, 1577 -(Venezuela), 1630 -navy, 1571 Tsai-t'ien (Emperor of China), 842 - posts and telegraphs, 1576-7 Tsaritsyn, 1418 - privy council, 1559 Tsingtau (China), 1056 -production and industry, 1571-3 Tsu (Japan), 1203 - railways, 1576 Tsushima Islands (Japan), 1201 - religion, 1563-4 Tua-Motu Is. (Pacific), 1005 - royal family, 1557 Tuaregs (Morocco), 1256 -shipping and navigation, 1575-6 Tiibingen, 1123; Univ., 1020, 1124 - sovereigns from 1299, 1558 Tubuai Is. (Pacific), 1005 - Sultan, 1557 Tucuman (Arg. Rep.) (prov. ), 711,716 - towns, 1563 - (town), 712 - tributary states, 1561 Tula, 1418 - , 1559-60 Tuli (Rhodesia), 246 Turkistan (Afghanistan), 706 Tumlong (Sikkim), 186 Turks Island, 310, 311, 315-17 Tundama, dept. (Colombia), 868 Turkwel (Uganda), 219 Tunghi Bay (Zanzibar), 222 Tuscany, 1162 Tungurahua (Ecuador), 907 Tushmal, chief (Persia), 1339 1706 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

TUS UNI Tuskegee Institution, Ala., 473 United States, agriculture, 440-4 Tuticorin, trade, 170 - area, 416, et seq, Tuttlingen, 1123 - army, 433-5 Tutuila Is. (Samoa),436, 696,697,1058 - banks, 465-6 Tver, 1418 - births,deaths,and marriages, 420-1 Twillingate (Newfoundland), 305 -books of reference, 468-71 Twiste (Waldeck), 1121 -cabinet, 411-12 Tyne Ports, 79, 94 -cereal crops, 442-3 Tynemouth, population, 19 - cities, 422-3 Tyrol (Austria), area and pop., 743 - coal output, 446 - representation in Reichsrath, 7 40 - coinage, 464, 667 --provincial diet, 741, 742 - commerce, 454-60 Tyumen, 1418 -Congress, 412 -constitution, 409-16 -copper output, 445-7, 451 -corn, 442 BANGI (Congo State), 874 - cotton, 442, 446, 448, 452 U Ubangi-Shari-Chad Colony (Fr. - currency and credit, 464 Congo), 978 - customs valuation, 456 Uddevalla (Sweden), 1525 -debt, 432 Udine (Italy), 1161 ; town, 1167 - defence, 433-9 Ufa, 1418 -diplomatic representatives, 467-8 Uganda Protectorate (E. Africa), - finance, Federal, 430-2 219-21 ; books of reference, 225-6 - - state, 432-3 , 217 - fisheries, 453 Uitenhage (Cape Colony), 207 -foreign-born population, 420 Ujiji (Ger. E. A f.), 1055 - forestry, 444 Ujpest (HungaYy), 764 - fruit-growing, 444 Ukamba (E. Africa), 216 - gold output, 444-7 Uleaborg, 1462 - government, 409-14 Ulema (Persian), 1340 - - local, 415-6 Ulm, 1016, l123 --state, 415 Ulna (Honduras), 1150 -House of Representatives, 413 Ulster province, population, 23-4 - immigration, 421-2 - agricultural holdings, 7 4 -import duties,454 Ulu (E. Africa), 216 -Indian reservations, 419 Uman, 1418 - instruction, 424-8 Umballa (India), 148 -iron and steel, 446, 448, 450 Umbria, 1162 -justice and crime, 428-9 Umtali (Rhodesia), 246 -live stock, 443 Ungava (Canada), 282 -manufactures, 447, et seq. Union, or Tokelau Islands, 404 -mines and minerals, 444-7 United Provinces (Agra and Ondh), -money, weights, & measures, 466-7 agriculture, 161, 162 I - navy, 435-9 -area and population, 142 -occupations of the people, 419 - births and deaths, 14 7 - pauperism, 429-30 -finance, 1!\5, 157 -petroleum output, 14ii -- for<•sts, 161, 16;) - population, 416, 1'1 seq. - governlllent, 140 - - movement of, 420-2 -justice, 152 - posts, 463-4 - religion, 149 -president, 410 -roads, 172 -presidents since 1789, UO - states, 143, H5 - 11roduction awl industry, 440-53 INDEX 1707

UNI VEN United States, public land, 440-1 Uruguay, shipping & navigation, 1626 - railways, 463 Ust-Dvinsk, 1429 - religion, 423-4 Utah, agriculture, 656 -rice, 442 -banks, 657 - schools, 424-8 -area and population, 418, 654 -Senate, 412-3 - constitution and government, 653 - shipping and navigation, 460-2 - defence, 656 -silver output, 444-7 - finance, 655-6 - spirits, production of, 453 - instruction, 426, 654-5 -states and territories, 417-8 -justice and charity, 635 -sugar, 442 -mining, 447, 656 -telegraphs, 463 - production and industry, 656-7 - telephones, 463 - public land, 440 - tobacco, 443, 448 - representation, 413, 653-

VEN VLA Venezuela, finance, 1631 Victoria, mining, 351 - ~old output, l 632 -ministry, 345 -JUStice and crime, 1631 - occupations of the people, 346 - mines and minerals, l 632 - production and industry, 350-1 - money, weights, & meas,, 1634-5 - railways, 328 - posts and telegraphs, 1634 - religion, 347 - president, 1629 - shiJ.>pin~ and navigation, 328 -production and industry, 1632 - Umvers1ty, 347 -railways, 1634 - wealth, 351 -religion and instruction, 1630-1 - wheat, &c., 350 -shipping, 1634 - wine, 323, 350 Venice (Venezia), 1161; town, 1167; - wool production, 350-1 shipping, 1188 ; fort, 1178 Seealao Australia, Commonwealth of Vera Cruz (Mexico), 1237 ; town,1238 Victoria (British Columbia), 283 Verdun (fortress), 936 Victoria (Hong Kong), 133 Vermont, agriculture, 660 Victoria Island (Pacific), 404 -area and population, 417, 658 Victoria (Kamerun), 1053 - constitution&govt., 657-8 Victoria (Labuan), 190 - defence, 660 Victoria (Rhodesia), 246 - finance, 659-60 Victoria (Seychelles), 252 - forests, 660 Victoria University, 35 - instruction, 425, 659 Vienna, 745; University, 748 -justice, and charity, 659 Vieques I. (P.R.), 690 -production and industry, 660 Villa Bella (Bolivia), 813 - representation, 413, 658 Villa del Pilar (Paraguay), 1332 Verona, 1161; town, 1167; fort, 1178 Villa Montes (Bolivia), 81ll Versailles, 920 ; fort., 936 Villa Real (Portugal), 1365 Verviers (Belgium), 792 Villa Rica (Paraguay), 1332 Vianna do Castillo (Portugal), 1365 Villenour (French India), 963 Viborg, 1418, 1429, 143'4, 1462 Vilna, 1418 Vicenza, 1161 ; town, 1167 Vinnitsa, 1418 Victoria, agriculture, 360-1 Virginia, agriculture, 664 - area and population, 345-7 -area and population, 417, 662 -banks, 352 -banks, 665 - births, deaths, marriages, 346 - constitution & government, 661-2 - books of reference, 352 - defence, 664 -coal, 35i - finance, 664 -commerce, 351-2 - fisheries, 665 -constitution and govt., 344-5 - instruction, 426, ·662-3 -currency and credit, 352 -justice and charity, 663-4 -debt, 349 - mining, 665 - emigration, 347 - production and industry, 664-5 - finance, 349 - representation, 413, 661-2 -forests, 351 - tobacco crop, 443, 664 - gold coined, 352 Virginia, West, see West Virginia --production, 351 Virgin Islands, 311, 312, 313 - governor, 344 Vitebsk, 1418 - local government, 345-6 Viti Levu (Fiji), 398 -immigration, 347 Vitoria (Spain), 1507 -instruction, 347-8 Vittorio Emanuele III. (Italy), 1155 - justice and crime, 348 Vizeu (Portugal), 1365 - live-stock, 350 Vladikavkaz, 1418, 1429 -manufactures, 351 i Vladimir, 1418 INDEX 1709

VLA WES Vladivostok, 1418, 1429, 1435 Washington (State), defence, 669 Yolo (Greece), 1130 - finance, 668-9 Vologda, 1418, 1423 - fisheries, 453 Volzhsk, 1418 ! - forest reserves, 444, 670 Vorarlberg, area and population, 743 -instruction, 426, 667-8 - reprflsentation in Reichsrath, 740 -justice, and charity, 668 --provincial Diet, 741, 742 - mining, 670 Voronezh, 1418 -production and industry, 669-71 Vranya (Servia), 1484 - public land, 440 Vryheid (Natal), 230, 231 - representation, 413, 666 Vyatka, 1418 - religion, 667 Vyernyi, 1419 - wheat crop, 442, 669 Washington Island (Pacific), 404 Waterbury, Conn., 423, 495 Waterford, 13, 25 ADAI, 979, 988 Watling's Island (W.I.), 308 W Wad Draa (Morocco), 1258 Wattana, mines (Siam), 1498 Wadelai (E. Africa), 221 Waziristan, 705 Wad Gir (Morocco), 1256 Weihaiwei, 199, 845 Wad Medani (Sudan), 1615 Weimar, 1111, 1112 Wad Ziz (Morocco), 1256 Weinheim (Baden), 1066 Wa~a Wagga (N.S.W.), 333 Welle (Congo State), 874 Wa1-wu-pu (China), 842 Wellesley Coli. (U.S. A.), 554 Wakamatsu (Japan), 1203, 1214 Wellington (N. Z. ), district, 384 Wakayama (Japan), 1203 - town, 393 ; population, 384 ; Wakkerstroom (Natal), 230 trade, shipping, 394 Waldeck, 1009, 1013, 1120 Wenchau, 846, 854 Wales, areaandpop., 14, 15,17-20 Wesleyan College, Richmond, 36 -books of reference, 110 West Africa (French), 961, 968 et seq. -coal raised, 79 - Portuguese, 1376, 1377 -language, 15 - Spanish, 1518 - middle-class education, 38 West African Colonies, British, 266-77 -trustee savings banks, 101 -books of reference, 276-7 - University, 35, 36 - customs valuation, 275 See also England and Wales -debt, 274 Walfish Bay (S. W. Africa), 206 -statistics, 273-6 , 1392 - troops at, 112, 272 Wali, chief (Persia), 1339 West Bromwich, population, 19 Wallis Archipelago (Pacific), 1004 Western Australia, agriculture, 370 W alsall, population, 19 -area and population, 367-8 Wankie coalfield (Rhodesia), 246 -banks, 372 Wansai region (Siam), 1458 - births, deaths, and marriages, 368 Wari (West Africa), 268, 270 - books of reference, 372 Warrington, population, 19 - commerce, 371 Warrnambool (Victoria), 346 - constitution & government, 366-7 Warsaw, 1418, 1429; Univ., 1420 - currency and credit, 372 Warsheikh, 222, 1192 - debt, 369 Washington, D.C., 416, 421, 423, - emigration, 368 436, 503 -finance, 369 Washington (State), agriculture, 669 -forestry, :!70 - area and population, 416, 418, 667 -gold, 371 -coal, 670 - governor, 366 - constitution and government, 666 - immigration, 368 1710 THE S1.'ATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908

WEB WiiR Western Australia, instruction, 368 WilkeRbarre (Pa. ), 423, 627 - justice and crime, 369 Wilmington, Del., 423, 499, 501 -mining, 371 Wilmington, N. Car., 607 -ministry, 366-7 Wilson Islands (Pacific), 404 - pauperism, 869 Windhoek (Ger. S. W. Africa), 1058-4 -production and industry, 370 Windward Islands, 314, 815-17 - railways, 871 Winneba (W. Africa), 270 - religion, 868 Winnipeg, 283 - shipping, 371 Winterthur (Switzerland), 1544 Sse also Australia, Commonwealth of. Wisconsin, agriculture, 679 Western Province, Uganda, 219 - area and population, 418, 677 Westfield College, Hampstead, 86 -constitution & government, 675-7 West Ham, populatiop, 19 - defence, 679 West Hartlepool, population, 19 - finance, 67 8-9 West Indies, British, 308 ; statistics, -instruction, 426, 677-8 315-17 -justice, and charity, 678 - Danish, 904 - production and industry, 679-80 - Dutch, 1296 - public lands, 440 Westland (N.Z.), district, 384 -representation, 413, 676 Westphalia, area, population, 1097 - tobacco crop, 443, 679 - crime, 1102 - wheat crop, 677 -religion, 1099 Wismar( Mecklenburg-Schwerin ), 1087 W estPoint(U. S. A. ),militarycoll., 601 Witwatersrand, 257, 258 West Virginia, agriculture, 674 Wolverhampton, population, 19 -area and pop., 417, 672-3 Wonsan (Korea), 1225, 1227 -banks, 675 Woodlark I. (N. Guinea), 379-80 -constitution and govt., 671-2 Woodstock (S.A.), 207 -defence, 674 Woolwich,RoyalMilitaryAcademy,64 -finance, 674 Worcester, population, 19 -forests, 675 Worcester (Cape of Good Hope), 207 - instruction, 426, 673 Worcester(Mass.), 421, 423 -justice, and charity, 673-4 Worms (Hesse), 1083 - mining, 675 Wu-chang, 844 - production and industry, 67 4-5 Wuchau, 846 - religion, 673 Wuhu, 845 -representation, 413, 672 Wiirttemberg, agriculture, 1125-6 Wheeling (W.Va.), 673 -area and pop., 1011, 1122 Whydah (Dahomey), 992 -- births, deaths, marriages, 1014 Wiborg, see Viborg - books of reference, 1123, 1126 Wiener-Neustadt, 745 -breweries, 1037 Wiesbaden, 1016 - constitution, 1121 Wigan, population, 19 -debt, 1125 Wiju, port (Korea), 227 -emigration, 1015 Wilhelm II., German Emperor, 1007; -finance, 1124-5 King of Prussia, 1091 - industry, 1125-6 Wilhelm II. (Wiirttemberg), 1121 -instruction, 1018, 1124 Wilhelm, Grand Duke, Luxemburg, - live stock, 1034 1234 -manufactures, 1036 Wilhelm Ernst, Grand Duke (Saxe· - matricular contribution, 1024 Weimar), 1111 - occupations of the people, 1013 Wilhelmina, Queen (Netherlands), -posts and telegraphs, 1045, 1046 1264 -railways, 1044, 1126 Wilhelmshaven, naval port, 1029 -reigning king, 1121 INDEX 1711

WUR Z.EG Wiirttemberg, religion, 1017, 1123-4 Yokkaichi (Japan), 1203 -representation (Imperial), 1009 Yokohama, 1203; port, 1215, 1217 -towns, 1125 Yokosuka (Japan), 1203, 1210 Wiirzburg(Bav.}, 1016, 1072; Univ. Yola (Nigeria), 263 1020 Yong Am Po, port (Korea), 1227 Wye, agricultural college, 36 Yonkers, N.Y., 423,600 Wynberg (S.A.), 207 , Yonewaza (Japan), 1203 Wyoming, area and pop., 418, 681 York, population, 19 -constitution and govt., 680-1 Yoruba tribes, 268, 269 - defence, 682 Youngstown, Ohio, 423, 613 - finance, 682 Ypres, 797 - instruction, 426, 681 Ystad (Sweden), 1525 -justice and charity, 681-2 Yucantan (Mexico), 1237 - mining, 683 Yukon {Canada), 280, 282, 291 - production and industry, 682-3 Yunnan, 844 - public lands, 440 Yuriev (Dorpat), 1411, 1418; univ., - religion, 681 1420 -representation, 413, 680-1 Yuruari, 1630; gold mines (Venez.), - sheep and wool, 603 1632

XUAN DAY (Annam), 966 AANDAM, 1270 Z Zacatecas (Mexico), state, 1237 ; town, 1238 Zagazig (Egypt), 1598 AHOUE (N. Caleuonia), 1003 Zagrab(Agram), 761,764; univ, 767-7 Y Yamagata (Japan), 1203 Zaila, Zeila, or Zeyla, 254, 161 il Yanaon (French India), 963 Zaimis, A. 'l'. A., High Commis- Yanina (vilayet), 1561 sioner (Orete), 1590 Yao race (C. Africa), 238 Zakynthos (Zanthe), 11"29 Yap (Caroline Islands), 1058 Zamora (Venezuela), 1630 Yarbatenda (Gambia), 988 Zante, or Zanthe, 1129 ; town, 1130 Yarkand, 862 Zanzibar, area and population, 222 Yarmouth, Gt., population, 19 - books of reference, 225 Yaroslavl, 1418 - commerce, 223-4 Yatung (Tibet), 862 - currency, 224 Yeisk, 1418 - finance, 223 Yekaterinburg, 1418 -government, 216, 221 Yekaterinodar, 1418 - justice, 223 Yekaterinoslav, 1418 - police and troops, 223 Yelets, 1418 - production, 223 Yelizabethgrad, 1418 - Protectorate, 222 Yelizabethpol, 1418 - religion, 222 Yellaboi Island (W. Africa), 270 - Sultan, 222 Yemen (Arabia), 1560, 1562; bound- -town, 222 ary, 1567 Zara, 730 Yenikale, 1435 Zaragoza, 1506 ; university, 1508 Yezd {Persia), 1340, 1343 Zaria (Nigeria), 266, 267 Yezo (Hokkaido), 1201 Zaruma (Ecuador), 908 Yi-Chok, Emperor (Korea), 1224 Zayechar (Servia), 1488 Ying-tse (Manchuria), 864 Zealand, 1268, 1270 Y ochau, 845, 854 Zegrz, 1429 1712 THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, 1908 ZEI zwo ZeUa (Somalilaud), 254 Zomba (Nyasaland), 238 Zelaya (Nicaragua), ·1802 Zor (vilayet), 1502 Zemstvos (Russia.), 1410 Zug (canton), 1540, 1542 Zerbst (Anhalt), 1064 Zulia (VenezoPla), 1630 Zgerz, 1429 Zululand, see Natal Zhitomir (Jitomir), 1418 Zunga.ria, 862 Zhob Valley (Baluchistan), 182, 184 Zungeru (Nigeria), 266 Zinder-Chad, 993 Ziirich (Canton), 1540, 1542 Zipag!lira (Colombia), 868, 870 -(city) 1544 ; Uni~rs~ty, 1546 Zitonin, 1381 Zwickau (Saxony), 1016, 1114, 1115 Zittau (Saxony), 1115 Zwolle, 1270 Zitzikar (Manchuria), 860

THE END

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