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Ragnarocks You Take on the Role of a Viking Clan Using Runestones to Mark Your Clan’S Claims of Land
1 1 IN NORSE MYTHOLOGY, HUMANS EXIST IN THE LAND OF MIDGARD - A PLACE IN THE CENTER OF THE WORLD TREE AND CONNECTED TO THE NINE REALMS. AMONG THESE NINE REALMS LIVE GODS AND GODDESSES, SERPENTS AND SPIRITS, AND ALL MANNER OF MYTHICAL AND MYSTICAL CREATURES. In Ragnarocks you take on the role of a Viking clan using Runestones to mark your clan’s claims of land. In the advanced game, your clan worships one of these powerful beings from another realm who lends you their power to help you outwit rivals and claim territories for your clan. At the end of the game, the clan who controls the most territory in Midgard wins! Contents Heimdallr Odin Guardian of Asgard Sól Ruler of the Aesir Goddess of the Sun Art Coming Soon Art Coming Soon Art Coming Soon SETUP: Draw two additional Mythology Powers with [Odin icon] andCommand hold them. cards. These are your START OF YOUR TURN: AT THE END OF YOUR TURN: You may relocate one of your vikings Settled You may either play a Command card this turn to any unoccupied space that was from your hand, or pick up all your played BEFORE YOUR MOVE: not Settled at the beginning of this turn. You may Move one space with Command cards. If you play a Command your Selected Viking card, you gain(ignore that setuppower powers). until your next turn 32 Mythology Cards 40 Runestones 6 Viking Pawns 1 Tree Stand 1 Game Insert Board 2 3 basic game setup 1 Remove game pieces from the insert and set them where all players can reach them. -
Herjans Dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age
Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age Luke John Murphy Lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni trú Félagsvísindasvið Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age Luke John Murphy Lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni trú Leiðbeinandi: Terry Gunnell Félags- og mannvísindadeild Félagsvísindasvið Háskóla Íslands 2013 Ritgerð þessi er lokaverkefni til MA–gráðu í Norrænni Trú og er óheimilt að afrita ritgerðina á nokkurn hátt nema með leyfi rétthafa. © Luke John Murphy, 2013 Reykjavík, Ísland 2013 Luke John Murphy MA in Old Nordic Religions: Thesis Kennitala: 090187-2019 Spring 2013 ABSTRACT Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Feminities, and Elite Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age This thesis is a study of the valkyrjur (‘valkyries’) during the late Iron Age, specifically of the various uses to which the myths of these beings were put by the hall-based warrior elite of the society which created and propagated these religious phenomena. It seeks to establish the relationship of the various valkyrja reflexes of the culture under study with other supernatural females (particularly the dísir) through the close and careful examination of primary source material, thereby proposing a new model of base supernatural femininity for the late Iron Age. The study then goes on to examine how the valkyrjur themselves deviate from this ground state, interrogating various aspects and features associated with them in skaldic, Eddic, prose and iconographic source material as seen through the lens of the hall-based warrior elite, before presenting a new understanding of valkyrja phenomena in this social context: that valkyrjur were used as instruments to propagate the pre-existing social structures of the culture that created and maintained them throughout the late Iron Age. -
Cunningham Tarpaulin Sky in Utero
! TWO: THE ICE LAND ICE ARENA cold eyes blue eyes cold eyes dead eyes red eyes dead eyes what breaks the eyes skates up and down the eyes up, the eyes down the eyes, cold eyes bite cold eyes blue eyes cold eyes on thin eyes, you’re on thin eyes skating, wound on eyes, skating red eyes A-20 Aircraft— Wagner’s Valkyries knows, dives a soldier’s nerves Chassis— grief stains, skeleton of screaming metal priceless lie-down Engine— auto-translation power supply with mess, with Wooden Box— ice jamming coffin-lidded gorged on 8s Runestone— hell-raised audience guide all, different voices A-20 Aircraft— hell-raised coffin-lidded priceless lie-down Chassis— audience guide a soldier’s nerves ice jamming Engine— grief stains, skeleton with mess, with auto-translation Wooden Box— of screaming metal knows, dives all, different voices Runestone— gorged on 8s Wagner’s Valkyries power supply A-20 Aircraft— grief stains, skeleton gorged on 8s audience guide Chassis— a soldier’s nerves of screaming metal with mess, with Engine— Wagner’s Valkyries knows, dives power supply Wooden Box— all, different voices ice jamming coffin-lidded Runestone— auto-translation priceless lie-down hell-raised A-20 Aircraft— coffin-lidded priceless lie-down hell-raised Chassis— of screaming metal with mess, with grief stains, skeleton Engine— power supply knows, dives ice jamming Wooden Box— gorged on 8s a soldier’s nerves all, different voices Runestone— Wagner’s Valkyries auto-translation audience guide A-20 Aircraft— of screaming metal audience guide with mess, with Chassis— -
Arkeologisk Tidsskrift Primitive Tider Utgis Av Marie Ødegaard (Redaktør), Hege Skalleberg Gjerde, Gaute Reitan, Marte Spangen, Vibeke M
21 arkeologisk tidsskrift Primitive tider utgis av Marie Ødegaard (redaktør), Hege Skalleberg Gjerde, Gaute Reitan, Marte Spangen, Vibeke M. Viestad og Mari Arentz Østmo Sektretær: Andreas Ropeid Sæbø ISSN 1501-0430 Postadresse: Primitive tider Postboks 6727, St. Olavs plass 0130 Oslo E-post: [email protected] / [email protected] Internett: https://journals.uio.no/PT/index Ombrekk: Hege S. Gjerde Trykk: Reprosentralen ved Universitetet i Oslo ©Primitive tider. Ettertrykk for mangfoldiggjøring kun etter avtale med redaksjonen. Forsideillustrasjon: Handelsrelaterte gjenstander fra Vikingtid. Foto: Åge Hojem, NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet. Fra artikkelen Metallsøkerfunn som grunnlag for kunnskap og vern. En case-studie fra Sunndal – et knutepunkt i jernalder og middelalder av Dahle et al. s.81-99. Skrive for Primitive tider? Primitive tider oppfordrer spesielt uetablerte forfattere til å skrive. Vi er interessert i artikler, kommentarer til tidligere artikler og rapporter (enklere, ikke fagfellevurderte tekster). Kanskje blir din artikkel neste nummers debattema! Send inn ditt manuskript og la det få en faglig og seriøs vurdering av redaksjonen. Husk at hele prosessen kan være tidkrevende, så planegg i god tid. Innleveringsfrister finner du på våre nettsider. Det er likevel ingen grunn til å vente til siste øyeblikk, send gjerne inn før fristen! For å lette arbeidet for deg og for oss, er det helt nødvendig at du setter deg godt inn i forfatterveiledningen og følger den. Forfatterveiledningen finner du på våre nettsider: https://journals.uio.no/PT/index Artikkelutkastet bør lengdemessig omtrent tilsvare den ferdige artikkelen. Det må med andre ord være noe mer enn en skisse/ løse ideer, men også vesentlig kortere enn en avhandling. -
Myths of the Rune Stone: Viking Martyrs and the Birthplace of America
book review Myths of the Rune Stone: Viking Martyrs For example, Krueger’s and the Birthplace of America take on the local and reli- David M. Krueger gious dimensions of the (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015, 214 p., stone’s history is original. Paper, $24.95.) He excellently explores how the stone became a near- Many places claim to be the birthplace of America, but few sacred artifact even outside have been as contested as the one near Kensington, Minnesota. the Scandinavian American The source of this claim, a stone slab unearthed in 1898, is the ethnic community. Krueger subject of David Krueger’s Myths of the Rune Stone. This first shows how in the 1920s the comprehensive book about the popular meaning of the Kens- stone— by way of a failed ington Rune Stone is a welcome contribution to the study of its plan for a massive 200- foot historiography and to the impact of local culture on an Ameri- monument— became a can origin myth. tool of small- town booster- Since its discovery by a Swedish- born farmer, the Kensing- ism. In 1928, the stone was ton Rune Stone’s claim that Norsemen were present in what purchased by a group of is now Minnesota in the year 1362 has been a topic of heated Alexandria businessmen controversy. Although scholars of Scandinavian languages and and put on display in a downtown bank. To the Alexandria runology (the study of runic inscriptions) have long agreed community, the stone was a source of prestige and a strategy about its nineteenth- century origin, the stone has continued to to promote tourism. -
Schulte M. the Scandinavian Dotted Runes
UDC 811.113.4 Michael Schulte Universitetet i Agder, Norge THE SCANDINAVIAN DOTTED RUNES For citation: Schulte M. The Scandinavian dotted runes. Scandinavian Philology, 2019, vol. 17, issue 2, pp. 264–283. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2019.205 The present piece deals with the early history of the Scandinavian dotted runes. The medieval rune-row or fuþork was an extension of the younger 16-symbol fuþark that gradually emerged at the end of the Viking Age. The whole inventory of dotted runes was largely complete in the early 13th century. The focus rests on the Scandina- vian runic inscriptions from the late Viking Age and the early Middle Ages, viz. the period prior to AD 1200. Of particular interest are the earliest possible examples of dotted runes from Denmark and Norway, and the particular dotted runes that were in use. Not only are the Danish and Norwegian coins included in this discussion, the paper also reassesses the famous Oddernes stone and its possible reference to Saint Olaf in the younger Oddernes inscription (N 210), which places it rather safely in the second quarter of the 11th century. The paper highlights aspects of absolute and rela- tive chronology, in particular the fact that the earliest examples of Scandinavian dot- ted runes are possibly as early as AD 970/980. Also, the fact that dotted runes — in contradistinction to the older and younger fuþark — never constituted a normative and complete system of runic writing is duly stressed. In this context, the author also warns against overstraining the evidence of dotted versus undotted runes for dating medieval runic inscriptions since the danger of circular reasoning looms large. -
Norse Mythology
N O R S E M Y T H O L O G Y N E I L G A I M A N W. W. NORTON & COMPANY Independent Publishers Since 1923 New York • London FOR EVERETT, OLD STORIES FOR A NEW BOY. C O N T E N T S An Introduction THE PLAYERS BEFORE THE BEGINNING, AND AFTER YGGDRASIL AND THE NINE WORLDS MIMIR’S HEAD AND ODIN’S EYE THE TREASURES OF THE GODS THE MASTER BUILDER THE CHILDREN OF LOKI FREYA’S UNUSUAL WEDDING THE MEAD OF POETS THOR’S JOURNEY TO THE LAND OF THE GIANTS THE APPLES OF IMMORTALITY THE STORY OF GERD AND FREY HYMIR AND THOR’S FISHING EXPEDITION THE DEATH OF BALDER THE LAST DAYS OF LOKI RAGNAROK: THE FINAL DESTINY OF THE GODS A Glossary A N I N T R O D U C T I O N It’s as hard to have a favorite sequence of myths as it is to have a favorite style of cooking (some nights you might want Thai food, some nights sushi, other nights you crave the plain home cooking you grew up on). But if I had to declare a favorite, it would probably be for the Norse myths. My first encounter with Asgard and its inhabitants was as a small boy, no more than seven, reading the adventures of the Mighty Thor as depicted by American comics artist Jack Kirby, in stories plotted by Kirby and Stan Lee and dialogued by Stan Lee’s brother, Larry Lieber. Kirby’s Thor was powerful and good-looking, his Asgard a towering science fictional city of imposing buildings and dangerous edifices, his Odin wise and noble, his Loki a sardonic horn-helmeted creature of pure mischief. -
Year 7: Myths and Legends Home Pack
Year 7: Myths and Legends home pack Name: Form: Teacher: School week 7 W.C. 02.11.2020 Lesson 1: This week, you are going to look at the introduction of the human hero. Previously to this, our focus has been on characters who are Gods or part of the supernatural in some way. What is a hero? How many examples can you give of a hero? • • • • • • Below are Propp’s character conventions. These are characters you can expect to see in a traditional adventure story and what their role is. How do you think the heroic figure has changed over time? Think about what the Greek expectations were, then Roman and what we are familiar with today. Greek Roman Modern In the past, we have looked at heroes as masculine figures. Do you think this is still relevant today? Do we expect heroes to be masculine? Explain your thinking. Why is it important to have a human hero? How does it impact the story and the reader’s relationship with it? Lesson 2: What are the purpose of the following characters, according to Propp’s conventions. Do this from memory first and then you can look back to complete any that are missing. Hero – Villain – Doner – Helper – Princess – Dispatcher – Princess’ father – False hero - Read ‘The Sword in the Stone’. Does it fit any of the seven basic plots? Which one and why? How is Arthur presented as a heroic character? Use the questions below to help you: What is Arthur like? Arthur is presented as a heroic character as he is… How does the text show us this? This is shown when… The Sword in the Stone Our story begins in the fifth century with King Uther who reigned in the south of Britain. -
Runestone Images and Visual Communication
RUNESTONE IMAGES AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION IN VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA MARJOLEIN STERN, MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JULY 2013 Abstract The aim of this thesis is the visual analysis of the corpus of Viking Age Scandinavian memorial stones that are decorated with figural images. The thesis presents an overview of the different kinds of images and their interpretations. The analysis of the visual relationships between the images, ornamentation, crosses, and runic inscriptions identifies some tendencies in the visual hierarchy between these different design elements. The contents of the inscriptions on runestones with images are also analysed in relation to the type of image and compared to runestone inscriptions in general. The main outcome of this analysis is that there is a correlation between the occurrence of optional elements in the inscription and figural images in the decoration, but that only rarely is a particular type of image connected to specific inscription elements. In this thesis the carved memorial stones are considered as multimodal media in a communicative context. As such, visual communication theories and parallels in commemoration practices (especially burial customs and commemorative praise poetry) are employed in the second part of the thesis to reconstruct the cognitive and social contexts of the images on the monuments and how they create and display identities in the Viking Age visual communication. Acknowledgements Many people have supported and inspired me throughout my PhD. I am very grateful to my supervisors Judith Jesch and Christina Lee, who have been incredibly generous with their time, advice, and bananas. -
Co-Operation Between the Viking Rus' and the Turkic Nomads of The
Csete Katona Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries MA Thesis in Medieval Studies Central European University Budapest May 2018 CEU eTD Collection Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Supervisor CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 I, the undersigned, Csete Katona, candidate for the MA degree in Medieval Studies, declare herewith that the present thesis is exclusively my own work, based on my research and only such external information as properly credited in notes and bibliography. -
Henrik Williams. Futhark 1
Read What’s There: Interpreting Runestone Inscriptions Henrik Williams It is not difficult to find established interpretations of runestone texts that presuppose carving errors. Sometimes these are obvious, especially when we are dealing with common words like ‘raise’ or ‘stone’. But less common words such as names are often assumed to be miscarved too. The following examples may be cited, taken from the national corpus editions or other recognised published sources. Arbitrarily omitted runes: U 519 iRbrn GæiRbiǫrn N 210 hala helga U 838 þufr ÞōlfR Nä 12 s-ukn s[t]ȳksun Tumbo church stone faskr FastgæiRR/-gærðr (as interpreted by Jansson 1965, 14) U 729 tekr drængR U 865 …2ulfas Īgulfastr Vs 11† [kufri] Guðfriðr Ög 91 yuia Ōrǿkia Gs 13 lanklans læiðangr lands Erroneous runes: DR 298 itinkil Stenkel Sm 69 suil Svæinn Vs 4 bRkia biðia Sö 174 [ub]lubR Ōblauðr (as interpreted by Otterbjörk 1983, 40) U 676 kulua Kylfa Sö 82 þuþR kRkum dauðr ī Grikkum Williams, Henrik. “Read What’s There: Interpreting Runestone Inscriptions.” Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 1 (2010), 27–39. © 2010 Henrik Williams This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. 28 • Henrik Williams Superfluous runes: Fällbro stone rauþkar HrōðgæiRR (as interpreted by Jansson 1946, 259) Sö 174 [ub]lubR ŌlafR U 1022 althrn Halfdan Why is it that none of the eminent runologists responsible for these inter- pretations seem to have any problem in assuming serious carving errors, sometimes in inscriptions that otherwise look orthographically perfect? A clue is offered by Magnus Olsen, who in his treatment of N 210 Oddernes 2 refers to the book Upplands runstenar by Otto von Friesen. -
The Rök Runestone and the End of the World. Futhark 9–10
The Rök Runestone and the End of the World Per Holmberg (University of Gothenburg), Bo Gräslund (Uppsala University), Olof Sundqvist (Stockholm University), and Henrik Williams (Uppsala University) Abstract The Rök runestone from central middle Sweden, dated to around 800 CE, is famous, among other things, for a supposed reference to the emperor Theodo ric the Great. This study proposes instead that the inscription deals with an anxiety triggered by a son’s death and the fear of a new climate crisis similar to the catastrophic one after 536 CE. Combining perspectives and findings from semiotics, philology, archaeology, and history of religion, the study presents a completely new interpretation which follows a unified theme, showing how the monument can be understood in the sociocultural and religious context of early Viking Age Scandinavia. The inscription consists, according to the pro posed interpretation, of nine enigmatic questions. Five of the questions con cern the sun, and four of them, it is argued, ask about issues related to the god Odin. A central finding is that there are relevant parallels to the inscription in early Scandinavian poetry, especially in the Eddic poem Vafþrúðnismál. Keywords: Rök, runestones, Viking Age, riddles, Eddic poetry, skaldic poetry, climate crisis he Rök runestone (Ög 136) is the most famous runic monument of Tthe Viking Age. It was erected c. 800 CE in a prosperous agricultural district in today’s central middle Sweden by Varinn as a memorial to his son Vāmōðʀ. Except for one damaged line, its more than 700 runes and other characters are still clearly legible, and cover all five visible sides of a fiveton granite slab, over two and a half meters high above the ground.