Statelessness in Iran
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Report Iraq: Travel Documents and Other Identity Documents
l Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents LANDINFO –16DECEMBER 2015 1 About Landinfo’s reports The Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo, is an independent body within the Norwegian Immigration Authorities. Landinfo provides country of origin information to the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (Utlendingsdirektoratet – UDI), the Immigration Appeals Board (Utlendingsnemnda – UNE) and the Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Reports produced by Landinfo are based on information from carefully selected sources. The information is researched and evaluated in accordance with common methodology for processing COI and Landinfo’s internal guidelines on source and information analysis. To ensure balanced reports, efforts are made to obtain information from a wide range of sources. Many of our reports draw on findings and interviews conducted on fact-finding missions. All sources used are referenced. Sources hesitant to provide information to be cited in a public report have retained anonymity. The reports do not provide exhaustive overviews of topics or themes, but cover aspects relevant for the processing of asylum and residency cases. Country of origin information presented in Landinfo’s reports does not contain policy recommendations nor does it reflect official Norwegian views. © Landinfo 2016 The material in this report is covered by copyright law. Any reproduction or publication of this report or any extract thereof other than as permitted by current Norwegian copyright law requires the explicit written consent of Landinfo. For information on all of the reports published by Landinfo, please contact: Landinfo Country of Origin Information Centre Storgata 33A P.O. -
Country of Origin Information Iraq
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION IRAQ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) October 2005 This report has been produced by UNHCR on the basis of information obtained from a variety of publicly available sources, analyses and comments. The purpose of the report is to serve as a reference for a breadth of country of origin information and thereby assists, inter alia, in the asylum determination process and when assessing the feasibility of returns to Iraq in safety and dignity. The information contained does not purport to be exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, and incomplete, inaccurate or incorrect information cannot be ruled out. The inclusion of information in this report does not constitute an endorsement of the information or views of third parties. Neither does such information necessarily represent statements of policy or views of UNHCR or the United Nations. In particular the use of ethnic-sectarian terms such as ‘Shiite’, ‘Sunni’ or ‘Kurd’ does not constitute an endorsement of sectarianism but merely reflects the current realities on the ground (i.e. these groups should not be considered homogenous entities). ii Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................ III LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................VII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 A. INTRODUCTION -
Report on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Prepared by the Special Representative of the Commission on Human Rights, Mr
UNITED NATIONS E Economic and Social Distr. GENERAL Council E/CN.4/1996/59 21 March 1996 ENGLISH ONLY COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Fifty-second session Item 10 of the provisional agenda QUESTION OF THE VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO COLONIAL AND OTHER DEPENDENT COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES Report on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, prepared by the Special Representative of the Commission on Human Rights, Mr. Maurice Copithorne (Canada), pursuant to Commission resolution 1995/68 of 8 March 1995 and Economic and Social Council decision 1995/279 of 25 July 1995 CONTENTS Paragraphs Page I. INTRODUCTION................... 1- 26 4 A. Position of human rights in the world today . 3 - 6 4 B. Special Representative’s sources ...... 7- 10 5 C. Activities of the Special Representative . 11 - 16 6 D. Correspondence ............... 17- 18 7 E. Underlying questions ............ 19 7 F. Preliminary comments on the Special Representative’s visit to the Islamic Republic of Iran .......... 20- 26 8 GE.96-11290 (E) E/CN.4/1996/59 page 2 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page II. LEGAL SYSTEM................... 27- 57 9 A. Rights of an accused ............ 28- 29 9 B. Court system ................ 30- 35 10 C. Selection and training of judges ...... 36- 40 11 D. Clerical courts ............... 41 12 E. Punishments ................. 42- 50 13 F. Independent Bar Association ......... 51- 54 14 G. Atmosphere of the law ............ 55- 57 15 III. STATUS OF WOMEN ................. 58- 64 16 IV. THE FATWA AGAINST SALMAN RUSHDIE......... 65- 67 17 V. -
Houses Built on Sand Ii
i Houses built on sand ii Series editors: Simon Mabon, Edward Wastnidge and May Darwich After the Arab Uprisings and the ensuing fragmentation of regime– society relations across the Middle East, identities and geopolitics have become increasingly contested, with serious implications for the ordering of political life at domestic, regional and international levels, best seen in conflicts in Syria and Yemen. The Middle East is the most militarised region in the world, where geopolitical factors remain predominant in shaping political dynamics. Another common feature of the regional landscape is the continued degeneration of communal relations as societal actors retreat into substate identities, while difference becomes increasingly violent, spilling out beyond state borders. The power of religion – and trans- state nature of religious views and linkages – thus provides the means for regional actors (such as Saudi Arabia and Iran) to exert influence over a number of groups across the region and beyond. This series provides space for the engagement with these ideas and the broader political, legal and theological factors to create space for an intellectual reimagining of socio- political life in the Middle East. Originating from the SEPAD project (www.sepad.org.uk), this series facilitates the reimagining of political ideas, identities and organisation across the Middle East, moving beyond the exclusionary and binary forms of identity to reveal the contingent factors that shape and order life across the region. iii Houses built on sand Violence, sectarianism and revolution in the Middle East Simon Mabon Manchester University Press iv Copyright © Simon Mabon 2020 The right of Simon Mabon to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. -
“Global War on Terror” Darryl Li
Darryl Li / A Universal Enemy? DRAFT – 6 August 2009 A UNIVERSAL ENEMY?: LEGAL REGIMES OF EXCLUSION AND EXEMPTION UNDER THE “GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR” * DARRYL LI This essay argues that the ongoing U.S.-driven “Global War on Terror” stands apart from similar state campaigns in its special focus on confronting “foreign fighters” – armed transnational non-state Islamists operating outside their home countries – in places where the U.S. is no less foreign. This global hunt for foreign fighters animates diverse attempts to exclude similarly “out of place” Muslim migrants and travelers from legal protection by reshaping laws and policies on interrogation, detention, immigration, and citizenship. Yet at the same time, certain other outsiders – namely the U.S. and its allies – enjoy various forms of exemption from local legal accountability. This essay illustrates this braided logic of exclusion and exemption by juxtaposing the problems of extraordinary rendition and military contractor impunity in both post-war Bosnia- Herzegovina and post-invasion Iraq. This framework – which predates and will likely outlast the Bush administration – undermines the rule of law and state-building efforts and occludes crucial questions surrounding the legitimacy of how U.S. global power is exercised. This essay employs treaties, Bosnian, Iraqi, and U.S. statutes, cases, and regulations to reframe post-Cold War debates about nation-building and post-9/11 arguments about the laws of war. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 I. FOREIGN FIGHTER, MUSLIM OUT OF PLACE, UNIVERSAL ENEMY: THE ENDURING LOGIC OF THE “GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR”.................................................................................... 5 A. The Foreign Fighter as Figure of Threat.................................................................... 8 B. -
Sabet and the Islamic Republic of Iran Nancy Amoury Combs William & Mary Law School, [email protected]
College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty and Deans 2000 On Children and Dual Nationality: Sabet and The Islamic Republic of Iran Nancy Amoury Combs William & Mary Law School, [email protected] Repository Citation Combs, Nancy Amoury, "On Children and Dual Nationality: Sabet and The slI amic Republic of Iran" (2000). Faculty Publications. 1045. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/1045 Copyright c 2000 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs v. IRAN-UNITED STATES CLAIMS TRIBUNAL On Children and Dual Nationality: Sabet and The Islamic Republic ofIran Nancy Amoury Combs' Keywords: dual nationality, Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, minors, Abstract: The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal's recent decision in Sabet and The Islamic Republic of Iran sheds new light on difficult issues concerning the dual nationality of minors. In particular, the case was the first in which the Tribunal determined minor dual national claimants to have a dominant and effective nationality different from that of either of their parents. Further, the Tribunal broke new ground in its analysis of 'the caveat,' an equitable doctrine that can bar the claims of dual nationals. This article applauds the Tribunal's ad vances in its caveat jurisprudence and develops a new approach that would further those ad vances. 1. INTRODUCTION Before the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the Sabet family was among the wealthiest in Iran.! The patriarch of the family, Habib Sabet, was born to poverty but went on to establish. -
Eid Al-Fitr Prayers in Al-Aqsa Mosque
WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 43rd year No.13942 Saturday MAY 15, 2021 Ordibehesht 25, 1400 Shawwal 3, 1442 IRGC destroys Alekno invites NPC’s plan for Friday mosque of terrorist group 17 players to Iran diversifying petchem Damghan undergoes Page 2 for 2021 VNL Page 3 products underway Page 4 restoration Page 6 Rouhani calls on Muslim countries to defend Palestine TEHRAN – Iranian President Hassan Rouhani has urged Muslim countries to support the Palestinian people in the face of Israeli aggression. In a phone conversation with Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani on Thursday, the Iranian president under- lined the need for unity and cooperation See page 3 among Islamic countries in defending the Palestinian people. Continued on page 3 Development projects worth $1.47b inaugurated in free trade, special economic zones TEHRAN – President Hassan Rouhani on Thursday inaugurated numerous projects valued at 62 trillion rials (about $1.47 bil- lion) in the free trade and special economic zones of five different provinces across the country in an online event. Put into operation following the series of inaugurations started in the previous Iranian calendar year (ended on March 20), the said projects were based in the free trade and special economic zones of East Azarbaijan, Khuzestan, Alborz, Hormozgan, and Sis- tan-Baluchestan provinces. Continued on page 4 “That Day” chronicles Gen. Soleimani’s meeting with “The 23” crew Photo Illustration by Bahman Vakhshour TEHRAN – The Owj Arts and Media Organization has recently produced a documentary named “That Day” that gives images of Lieutenant-General Qa- ssem Soleimani’s meeting with the crew Tehran Times/ Tehran Times/ of the 2018 war drama “The 23”. -
U.S. Naturalization Policy
U.S. Naturalization Policy Updated May 3, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43366 U.S. Naturalization Policy Summary Naturalization is the process that grants U.S. citizenship to lawful permanent residents (LPRs) who fulfill requirements established by Congress and enumerated in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). In general, U.S. immigration policy gives all LPRs the opportunity to naturalize, and doing so is voluntary. To qualify for citizenship, LPRs in most cases must have resided continuously in the United States for five years, show they possess good moral character, demonstrate English language ability, and pass a U.S. government and history examination, which is part of their naturalization interview. The INA waives some of these requirements for applicants over age 50 with 20 years of U.S. residency, those with mental or physical disabilities, and those who have served in the U.S. military. Naturalization is often viewed as a milestone for immigrants and a measure of their civic and socioeconomic integration to the United States. Naturalized immigrants gain important benefits, including the right to vote, security from deportation in most cases, access to certain public-sector jobs, and the ability to travel with a U.S. passport. U.S. citizens are also advantaged over LPRs for sponsoring relatives to immigrate to the United States. During the past three decades, the number of LPRs who submitted naturalization applications has varied over time, ranging from a low of about 207,000 applications in FY1991 to a high of 1.4 million in FY1997. In FY2020, 967,755 LPRs submitted naturalization applications. -
The Myopic Loss of Nationality Rights Leading to Statelessness
SAHNI ARTICLE 3.3.21 (WORD) (DO NOT DELETE) 5/6/2021 7:21 PM THE MYOPIC LOSS OF NATIONALITY RIGHTS LEADING TO STATELESSNESS Binda Preet Sahni * I.INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 112 II.DISCUSSION ........................................................................................... 115 A. The Right to Nationality and the Right to Citizenship ........... 115 1. What is the Right to Nationality? ..................................... 116 2. What is the Right to Citizenship? ..................................... 118 B. Determining the Right to Nationality ..................................... 124 1. When a State Revokes Access to Nationality Rights ....... 124 2. When an Individual Loses Nationality Rights by His or Her Own Act ........................................................................... 137 III.CONCLUSION ........................................................................................ 144 ABSTRACT This article discusses how various jurisdictions address the loss or deprivation of nationality or citizenship that leads to statelessness. Nationality loss can occur by two means: a State may displace an individual’s right to nationality arbitrarily through its official or unofficial laws or through its conduct; alternatively, an individual may relinquish his or her existing nationality by his own intentional or inadvertent act. His or her contribution triggers operation of law which then limits access to nationality rights. * Binda Preet Sahni, PhD. -
OVERVIEW of the STATUS of WOMEN LIVING WITHOUT a SAFETY NET in IRAQ 22 May 2018 Public Theme Report Country Information Service
OVERVIEW OF THE STATUS OF WOMEN LIVING WITHOUT A SAFETY NET IN IRAQ 22 May 2018 Public theme report Country Information Service 1 (61) Report MIG-1811583 06.03.00 22.05.2018 MIGDno-2018-40 Abstract This report is an overview of the situation of women living without a safety net provided by family or marriage in Iraq, and legal infringements against them which are not directly related to the armed conflict in the country. Furthermore, the report takes a brief look at the overall situation of women in Iraqi society. The community-based culture in Iraq has a major influence on the individual’s situation. Men have the main responsibility for their families and family honour, and most women are dependent on men for cultural reasons. Although there has been some change in attitudes, women’s lives are restricted by cultural norms. Women also face discrimination in the labour market and education. Women who violate these cultural norms can become victims of so-called honour violence. Living alone is not generally accepted in Iraq because it is considered inappropriate behaviour. Women can also face other legal infringements. In practice, a single woman has very poor chances of making a living independently. The report is based on various public sources, such as reports published by international organisations and research institutes and complementary news material, which the Finnish Immigration Service had access to at the time of writing this report. MIG-1811583 2 (61) Contents 1. Overview .................................................................................................................................. 4 2. Status of women in Iraq .......................................................................................................... 5 2.1. General information on the status of women in Iraq ................................................... -
Organisation Anfragerin
BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Iran: Women, children, LGBTI persons, persons with disabilities, “moral crimes” COI Compilation December 2015 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord Commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author. Table of contents 1 Treatment of women ............................................................................................................. -
The World's Stateless 2020
THE WORLD’S STATELESS DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY The Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion (ISI) is an independent non-proft organ- isation dedicated to promoting inclusive societies by realising and protecting the right to a nationality for all. Established in August 2014, ISI is the frst and only human rights NGO dedicated to working on statelessness at the global level. ISI is incorporated in the Netherlands, where it has Public Beneft Organisation (PBO) status. © Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, March 2020 [email protected] - www.institutesi.org Cover photo © by David Kuko from Pexels ISBN: 9789082836660 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. Whilst the authors, editors and publisher have tried to ensure the accuracy of this publication, the publisher, authors and editors cannot accept responsibility for any errors, omissions, misstatements, or mistakes and accept no responsibility for the use of the information presented in this work. Disclaimer: All contributions in this publication refect the views of their respective au- thors. They do not necessarily refect the views of the institutions they work for or are afliated with, nor of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion or the other authors who have contributed to this report. All text with no attribution