Colonial Administration Records (Migrated Archives): Basutoland (Lesotho) FCO 141/293 to 141/1021
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Separate Interests to National Agendas Hispanic-American Members of Congress in the Civil Rights Era, 1945–1977
Separate Interests to National Agendas hispanic-american members of congress in the civil rights era, 1945–1977 In June 1952 two long-running but often dissimilar paths of Hispanic-American congressional history converged, if only for a moment. At issue was the transformation of Puerto Rico from a colonial territory to a U.S. commonwealth. Under Puerto Rico’s proposed constitution, the island’s new government, the Estado Libre Asociado (Free Associated State or ELA), would be linked to the U.S. mainland by matters involving foreign affairs, but its authority to govern locally would be enhanced. Congress initially approved the concept, but quickly split over a constitutional human rights provision that had wide support among the Puerto Rican people. In the U.S. Senate, one faction sought to establish Congress’s ability to approve or reject amendments to the island’s constitution, essentially stripping Puerto Ricans of sovereignty.1 One such advocate bluntly argued that Congress essentially had the option to “give them a constitution or not give it to them.” Dennis Chavez of New Mexico, on the other hand—often that chamber’s lone proponent for boosting Hispanic civil rights—pushed back: “The Puerto Ricans did not ask us to take [their political rights]; we took them,” he said. In areas of the world where the U.S. was then working to contain the spread of communism, including in the Caribbean Basin, Chavez noted that America’s efforts would be aided by treating Puerto Ricans with more equanimity.2 Chavez’s intervention in the debate foreshadowed an important trend in this era—the increasing cooperation among advocates for Hispanic issues on a national scale. -
When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919
WHEN FEAR IS SUBSTITUTED FOR REASON: EUROPEAN AND WESTERN GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 1789-1919 Norma Lisa Flores A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2012 Committee: Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Dr. Mark Simon Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Michael Brooks Dr. Geoff Howes Dr. Michael Jakobson © 2012 Norma Lisa Flores All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Although the twentieth century is perceived as the era of international wars and revolutions, the basis of these proceedings are actually rooted in the events of the nineteenth century. When anything that challenged the authority of the state – concepts based on enlightenment, immigration, or socialism – were deemed to be a threat to the status quo and immediately eliminated by way of legal restrictions. Once the façade of the Old World was completely severed following the Great War, nations in Europe and throughout the West started to revive various nineteenth century laws in an attempt to suppress the outbreak of radicalism that preceded the 1919 revolutions. What this dissertation offers is an extended understanding of how nineteenth century government policies toward radicalism fostered an environment of increased national security during Germany’s 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the 1919/1920 Palmer Raids in the United States. Using the French Revolution as a starting point, this study allows the reader the opportunity to put events like the 1848 revolutions, the rise of the First and Second Internationals, political fallouts, nineteenth century imperialism, nativism, Social Darwinism, and movements for self-government into a broader historical context. -
Literature Review on Decentralization in Lesotho
Public Disclosure Authorized Kingdom of Lesotho Local Governance, Decentralization and Demand-Driven Service Delivery VOLUME II: ANNEXES Public Disclosure Authorized DRAFT REPORT - CONFIDENTIAL WORLD BANK Public Disclosure Authorized IN COLLABORATION WITH GOVERNMENT OF LESOTHO, GTZ, AND FAO JUNE 27, 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents ANNEX 1: LITERATURE REVIEW ON DECENTRALIZATION IN LESOTHO 3 ANNEX 2: DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACT 10 ANNEX 3A: STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT AS AMENDED .10 ANNEX 3.B STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACT IN THE SECTORS ..........................................................18 ANNEX 3: CONCEPT PAPER ON CHANGE MANAGEMENT 27 ANNEX 4: PERCEPTIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION AT COMMUNITY AND DISTRICT LEVEL 31 ANNEX 4. 1 ADDITIONAL DETAILS ON METHODOLOGY, CCS AND VILLAGES ..................................................31 ANNEX 4.2 THE STORY OF MR POTSO CHALLENGING THE RIGHT TO FINE WITHOUT ISSUING RECEIPT ............32 ANNEX 5: PRIORITIES, ACCESS AND QUALITY OF SERVICES 33 ANNEX TABLE 5.1: PRIORITY AND ACCESS TO SERVICES ACROSS VILLAGES WITH DIFFERENT ROAD ACCESS ..33 ANNEX FIGURE 5.1: SERVICE PRIORITY IN THABA-TSEKA ...............................................................................34 ANNEX FIGURE 5.2: SERVICE ACCESS IN THABA-TSEKA..................................................................................35 ANNEX TABLE 5.2: STATUS OF SERVICES FOUND IN VILLAGES VISITED BY THE TEAM..................................36 ANNEX -
LESOTHO SITUATION REPORT - June 2016
UNICEF LESOTHO SITUATION REPORT - June 2016 Lesotho Humanitarian Situation Report June 2016 ©UNICEF/Lesotho/2015 Situation in Numbers Highlights UNICEF provided support for the completed Lesotho Vulnerability 310,015 Assessment Committee (LVAC), which revised the number of people Children affected requiring humanitarian assistance from 725,000+ down to 679,437. UNICEF is reaching 69,000 of the most vulnerable children (51% girls), through its Cash Grant Top Up response, which provides relief 64,141 for families in response to the food price shock during the winter Children under 5 affected months. The rapid assessment of schools indicates that 30% of schools are in need of immediate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) 69,000 support. This means there is insufficient water for over 100,000 Vulnerable children in need of social children in all districts. Poor WASH services in schools have shown safety nets to result in low attendance and high drop-out rates. UNICEF’s WASH interventions are progressing in Mohale’s Hoek (the most drought stricken district) with 7 community tanks installed in the 534,508 most vulnerable communities. These communities will receive water People currently at risk of food tankering services, reaching an estimated 5,000 people (55% female; insecurity 41% children). During the first week of July, construction/re-habilitation will begin on community water supply schemes in Berea, Botha Buthe and 679,437 Mohale’s Hoek. This will benefit 15 most vulnerable communities, reaching 23,809 people (56% female; 45% are children). People in need of humanitarian Water purification and WASH messaging are being undertaken in assistance (LVAC) Mokhotlong and Thaba Tseka reaching 80,000 people (52% female; *All numbers above are from the Rapid Drought 49% children), starting the first week of July. -
A Time Bomb Lies Buried: Fiji's Road to Independence
1. Introduction In his Christmas message to the people of Fiji, Governor Sir Kenneth Maddocks described 1961 as a year of `peaceful progress'.1 The memory of industrial disturbance and a brief period of rioting and looting in Suva in 1959 was fading rapidly.2 The nascent trade union movement, multi-ethnic in character, which had precipitated the strike, was beginning to fracture along racial lines. The leading Fijian chiefs, stunned by the unexpectedly unruly behaviour of their people, warned them against associating with people of other races, emphasising the importance of loyalty to the Crown and respect for law and order.3 The strike in the sugar industry, too, was over. Though not violent in character, the strike had caused much damage to an economy dependent on sugar, it bitterly split the Indo-Fijian community and polarised the political atmosphere.4 A commission of inquiry headed by Sir Malcolm Trustram Eve (later Lord Silsoe) was appointed to investigate the causes of the dispute and to recommend a new contract between the growers, predominantly Indo-Fijians, and the monopoly miller, the Australian Colonial Sugar Refining Company (CSR). The recommendations of the Burns Commission Ð as it came to be known, after its chairman, the former governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana), Sir Alan Burns Ð into the natural resources and population of Fiji were being scrutinised by the government.5 The construction of roads, bridges, wharves, schools, hospital buildings and water supply schemes was moving apace. The governor had good reason to hope for `peaceful progress'. Rather more difficult was the issue of political reform, but the governor's message announced that constitutional changes would be introduced. -
Sir Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture.Pub
The Sir Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture Third Annual Aviation Industry Conference Week July 2010 W R Tannock BSc (Hons), CEng, FRAeS To be offered the opportunity to deliver the first Sir ber of the New Zealand Territorial Force, left these Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture is indeed an shores for UK, at his own expense, to join the Royal honour and I thank The Guild of Air Pilots and Air Air Force. Although he failed his first medical ex- Navigators, The Royal New Zealand Air Force, The amination - his health was "rundown" after seven Royal Aeronautical Society and The Aviation Indus- weeks at sea - he was soon accepted into the RAF on try Association for inviting me to do so. a short service commission with the rank of Acting Pilot Officer – just as well since he had less than 10 The founding organisations determined that the shillings in its pocket. After the mandatory period of subject of the lecture would be “on any significant " square bashing" and a short period of, as Des Lyn- civilian or military aviation topic, this can include skey used to call it, " knife and fork school", he was design, testing of significant aircraft, significant off to flying training, passing successfully as an technical or safety initiatives or the contributions of "above-average" student graduating with a major civilian or military aviation personnel”. I feel "distinguished pass". it is entirely appropriate that this inaugural lecture should commemorate the life and times of Sir Geof- Geoffrey Roberts was posted to India to fly light- frey himself considering the significant contribution day bombers on the Northwest frontier where he was he made to both military and civil aviation. -
East of Suez and the Commonwealth 1964–1971 (In Three Parts, 2004)
00-Suez-Blurb-pp 21/9/04 11:32 AM Page 1 British Documents on the End of Empire Project Volumes Published and Forthcoming Series A General Volumes Series B Country Volumes Vol 1 Imperial Policy and Vol 1 Ghana (in two parts, 1992) Colonial Practice Vol 2 Sri Lanka (in two parts, 1997) 1925–1945 (in two parts, 1996) Vol 3 Malaya (in three parts, 1995) Vol 2 The Labour Government and Vol 4 Egypt and the Defence of the the End of Empire 1945–1951 Middle East (in three parts, 1998) (in four parts, 1992) Vol 5 Sudan (in two parts, 1998) Vol 3 The Conservative Government Vol 6 The West Indies (in one part, and the End of Empire 1999) 1951–1957 (in three parts, 1994) Vol 7 Nigeria (in two parts, 2001) Vol 4 The Conservative Government Vol 8 Malaysia (in one part, 2004) and the End of Empire 1957–1964 (in two parts, 2000) Vol 5 East of Suez and the Commonwealth 1964–1971 (in three parts, 2004) ● Series A is complete. Further country volumes in series B are in preparation on Kenya, Central Africa, Southern Africa, the Pacific (Fiji), and the Mediterranean (Cyprus and Malta). The Volume Editors S R ASHTON is Senior Research Fellow and General Editor of the British Documents on the End of Empire Project, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London. With S E Stockwell he edited Imperial Policy and Colonial Practice 1925–1945 (BDEEP, 1996), and with David Killingray The West Indies (BDEEP, 1999). Wm ROGER LOUIS is Kerr Professor of English History and Culture and Distinguished Teaching Professor, University of Texas at Austin, USA, and an Honorary Fellow of St Antony’s, Oxford. -
Case of Maya Indigenous Communities of Belize, Inter-Am
REPORT Nº 96/03 CASE 12.053 MAYA INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF THE TOLEDO DISTRICT BELIZE October 24, 2003 I. SUMMARY 1. This report concerns a petition presented to the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (the "Commission”) against the State of Belize (the "State" or “Belize”) on August 7, 1998 by the Indian Law Resource Center and the Toledo Maya Cultural Council (the “Petitioners”). The petition claims that the State is responsible for violating rights under the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (the “American Declaration”) that the Mopan and Ke’kchi Maya People of the Toledo District of Southern Belize (the “Maya people of the Toledo District” or the “Maya people”) are alleged to have over certain lands and natural resources.1 2. The Petitioners claim that the State has violated Articles I, II, III, VI, XI, XVIII, XX and XXIII of the American Declaration in respect of lands traditionally used and occupied by the Maya people, by granting logging and oil concessions in and otherwise failing to adequately protect those lands, failing to recognize and secure the territorial rights of the Maya people in those lands, and failing to afford the Maya people judicial protection of their rights and interests in the lands due to delays in court proceedings instituted by them. According to the Petitioners, the State’s contraventions have impacted negatively on the natural environment upon which the Maya people depend for subsistence, have jeopardized the Maya people and their culture, and threaten to cause further damage in the future. 3. The State has indicated before the Commission that applicable law and the facts presented by the Petitioners are unclear as to whether the Maya people may have aboriginal rights in the lands under dispute, although at the same time it has recognized in negotiations outside of the Commission proceedings that the Maya people have rights in lands in the Toledo District based upon their longstanding use and occupancy of that territory. -
Black Internationalism and African and Caribbean
BLACK INTERNATIONALISM AND AFRICAN AND CARIBBEAN INTELLECTUALS IN LONDON, 1919-1950 By MARC MATERA A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History Written under the direction of Professor Bonnie G. Smith And approved by _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2008 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Black Internationalism and African and Caribbean Intellectuals in London, 1919-1950 By MARC MATERA Dissertation Director: Bonnie G. Smith During the three decades between the end of World War I and 1950, African and West Indian scholars, professionals, university students, artists, and political activists in London forged new conceptions of community, reshaped public debates about the nature and goals of British colonialism, and prepared the way for a revolutionary and self-consciously modern African culture. Black intellectuals formed organizations that became homes away from home and centers of cultural mixture and intellectual debate, and launched publications that served as new means of voicing social commentary and political dissent. These black associations developed within an atmosphere characterized by a variety of internationalisms, including pan-ethnic movements, feminism, communism, and the socialist internationalism ascendant within the British Left after World War I. The intellectual and political context of London and the types of sociability that these groups fostered gave rise to a range of black internationalist activity and new regional imaginaries in the form of a West Indian Federation and a United West Africa that shaped the goals of anticolonialism before 1950. -
The Colonial Office Group of the Public Record Office, London with Particular Reference to Atlantic Canada
THE COLONIAL OFFICE GROUP OF THE PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ATLANTIC CANADA PETER JOHN BOWER PUBLIC ARCHIVES OF CANADA rn~ILL= - importance of the Coioniai office1 records housed in the Public Record Office, London, to an under- standing of the Canadian experience has long been recog- nized by our archivists and scholars. In the past one hundred years, the Public Archives of Canada has acquired contemporary manuscript duplicates of documents no longer wanted or needed at Chancery Lane, but more importantly has utilized probably every copying technique known to improve its collection. Painfully slow and tedious hand- transcription was the dominant technique until roughly the time of the Second World War, supplemented periodi- cally by typescript and various photoduplication methods. The introduction of microfilming, which Dominion Archivist W. Kaye Lamb viewed as ushering in a new era of service to Canadian scholars2, and the installation of a P.A.C. directed camera crew in the P.R.O. initiated a duplica- tion programme which in the next decade and a half dwarfed the entire production of copies prepared in the preceding seventy years. It is probably true that no other former British possession or colony has undertaken so concerted an effort to collect copies of these records which touch upon almost every aspect of colonial history. While the significance of the British records for . 1 For the sake of convenience, the term "Colonial Office'' will be used rather loosely from time to time to include which might more properly be described as precur- sors of the department. -
Anglo-American Liberalism As a Dominant Factor in Nigerian Foreign Policy, 1960-1966
1x-.f 70-12,396 AKINYELE, Caleb Ibitayo, 1938- ANGLO-AMERICAN LIBERALISM AS A DOMINANT FACTOR IN NIGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY, 1960-1966. The American University, Ph.D., 1969 Political Science, international law and relations I University........ Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann.. Arbor, .. Michigan I] © Copyright by Caleb Ibitayo Akinyele ! 1970 ' ANGLO-AMERICAN LIBERALISM AS A DOMINANT FACTOR IN NIGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY, 1960-1966 by CALEB IBITAYO AKINYELE Submitted to the Faculty of the School of International Service of the American University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Signatures of Committee Professor Whittle Johnson (Chairman). Professor Emmet V. Mittlebeeler Professor A Dean of the School of International Service AMERICAN UNIVERSITY Date... vDtJpooiuucxj X7U7 LIBRARY The American University Washington, D.C. NOV 51969 WASHINGTON. O. C Dedicated to my Parents Preface Great Britain started colonizing Nigeria at about the second half of the nineteenth century. From this time until October 1, I960, the date Nigeria became independent, the British introduced liberalism into the country as a political, economic and social philosophy. Although there exists a relatively large volume of (mostly scattered) literature on Nigerian foreign policy, the question of how the philosophy of liberalism, especially the Anglo-American style, has continued to influence Nigeria’s foreign (as well as domestic) policy even after independence, has not yet been investigated in an adequate chronological perspective. This largely factual, historical (and yet basically theoretical), study is meant to fill that gap. I hope the work will be found helpful particularly by students of Nigerian political affairs and in general by students of African studies. -
Urban Forms and the Politics of Property in Colonial Hong Kong By
Speculative Modern: Urban Forms and the Politics of Property in Colonial Hong Kong by Cecilia Louise Chu A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Nezar AlSayyad, Chair Professor C. Greig Crysler Professor Eugene F. Irschick Spring 2012 Speculative Modern: Urban Forms and the Politics of Property in Colonial Hong Kong Copyright 2012 by Cecilia Louise Chu 1 Abstract Speculative Modern: Urban Forms and the Politics of Property in Colonial Hong Kong Cecilia Louise Chu Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture University of California, Berkeley Professor Nezar AlSayyad, Chair This dissertation traces the genealogy of property development and emergence of an urban milieu in Hong Kong between the 1870s and mid 1930s. This is a period that saw the transition of colonial rule from one that relied heavily on coercion to one that was increasingly “civil,” in the sense that a growing number of native Chinese came to willingly abide by, if not whole-heartedly accept, the rules and regulations of the colonial state whilst becoming more assertive in exercising their rights under the rule of law. Long hailed for its laissez-faire credentials and market freedom, Hong Kong offers a unique context to study what I call “speculative urbanism,” wherein the colonial government’s heavy reliance on generating revenue from private property supported a lucrative housing market that enriched a large number of native property owners. Although resenting the discrimination they encountered in the colonial territory, they were able to accumulate economic and social capital by working within and around the colonial regulatory system.