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Copyrighted Material Trim size: Trim Size: 216mm x 279mm Holm bindex.tex V3 - 05/25/2015 11:50 A.M. Page 361 Index figures are in italics; tables/boxes are in bold aging and periodontal disease anticoagulant therapy epidemiology, 212–213 ADP anticoagulant platelet inhibitor, A periodontal inflammation, systemic 257–258 acetaminophen (paracetamol), 92, 95, 99, 270, diseases and aging, 218 cyclooxygenase inhibitors, 257 275 risk indicators/population, 213–215 warfarin, 257 acidulated phosphate fluoride (AFP), 195 susceptibility, 215–218 antihistamines, 256 actinic cheilitis (solar cheilitis), 72 alcohol aphasia, 345 Actinic elastosis of lower lip, 235 dementia, 112 Appletree dental truck, 330 Actinomyces gerencseriae, 186 mouth cancer, 158 apraxia, 345 Actinomyces Israelii, 186 oral cancer, 136, 236 Arthritis and oral hygiene/denture insertion,72 Active coronal/root caries in mandibular sugars, 138 ‘artificial salivas’, 251 anterior teeth,74 tooth wear, 139 Assessment tools for oral examination,76 activities of daily living (ADL), 64, 70, 121–122, alendronate see bisphosphonate asthma 315 allergy dental management, 97–98 acupuncture (salivary stimulation), 251 dental management, 82–83 overview, 97 adaptation overview, 82 Atrophic mandibular posterior ridge,75 aging, 56 aloe vera, 251 attrition (occlusal wear), 73–74 response, 13 Alveolar bone loss prevention, 160 Attrition (occlusal wear), 74 theories, 7 alveolar ridge, 75, 142 atypical presentation of disease, 62 Addison’s disease, 72, 94 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) auditory function ADP antagonist platelet inhibitor, 257–258 communication, 34 presbycusis, 29 adrenal gland disorders dementia, 106–112 tinnitus, 30 dental management, 94 depression, 103 Average fees for dental services, 319 hyperadrenocortism (Cushing’s disease), gingival plaque, 351 Avlund Scales see Physical Activities of Daily 17, 21, 94 neurological/neuromuscular disorders, Living hypoadrenocortism (Addison’s disease), 72, 96 94 oral disease, 351 B patients taking steroids, 94–95 treatment plans, 176 Baby Boomer generation, 41, 166 adverse drug reactions (ADRs), 69, 145–146, WHO classification, 346 bacteraemia from dental procedures 150, 152 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons angina, 90 Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (AAOS), 99, 100 arrhythmias, 90–91 ‘Dental drugs’, 150 American Association for Retired Persons cardiac pacemakers, 90 Signs,69 (AARP), 47, 57 congestive heart failure, 90 Types, 145 American Dental Association (ADA), 99, 100, coronary artery bypass graft, 89–90 affective disorders 116, 167 coronary stents, 90 bipolar disorders, 104 American Heart Association (AHA), heart transplantation, 90 depression, 103–104 88–89 hypertension, 91 oral health, 112 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), myocardial infarction, 89 African Americans (US), 55 167–168, 256 basal metabolic rate, 9 age/disease interactions, 62 COPYRIGHTEDamifostine, 252 MATERIALbasic periodontal examination (BPE), aged tooth clinical challenges amyloid precursor protein, 107 277–279 operative dental procedures, 203–204 anesthetic agents Behaviouralproblemsinadultwithdementia pulp breakdown and old teeth, 204 intravenous sedation, 256–257 (causes), 350 pulp symptoms/reaction patterns, nitrous oxide, 256 Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid-bulla, 202–203 oral sedation, 256 230 root canal treatment, 204–207 Anderson, Ferguson, 61 benign mucous membrane permphigoid, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), 29 anethole trihione, 252 229 age-related changes anetholetrilone, 252 bidi smoking (India), 233–234 age-related physiological changes, 61–62 angina, 271 BidiSmokingandOralLeukoplakiain teeth and oral mucosa, 12 angular cheilitis, 113, 228, 251 Mumbai, India, 234 Textbook of Geriatric Dentistry,ThirdEdition.EditedbyPoulHolm-Pedersen,AngusW.G.WallsandJonathanA.Ship. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Trim size: Trim Size: 216mm x 279mm Holm bindex.tex V3 - 05/25/2015 11:50 A.M. Page 362 362 Index biology/physiology and aging C caries (older persons) cells - molecular mechanisms, 8–9 Caenorhabditis elegans,8 clinical appearance of root caries, 187–188 cells - renewal and telomere loss theory, ‘calcified canals’,207 coronal caries, 183–184 10–11 calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), 265 detection tools, 190–191 immunological changes, 13–14 calcitrol, 20 diagnosis, 189–190 mitochondria, 10 calcium and bone/muscle loss, 17, 19 diet, 187, 193–196 oral environment, 12–13 Cancer epidemiology, 181–182, 182–184 organ systems, 12 chemotherapy,87 fluoride, 187 oxidative stress theory, 9–10 head/neck radiotherapy,85 histopathology of root caries and pulp salivary glands and secretion, 12–13 cancer dentine, 188–189 biology/physiology and aging overview, 84–85 identification/reduction of risk, 191–193 somatic mutation and DNA damage radiation therapy, 85–86 introduction, 181 theories, 9–10 see also oral cancer lesions, 188 what is aging and why does it occur?, Candida albicans, 155, 228, 229 operative management, 196–197 7–8 Candida hyphae, 228 oral hygiene, 194–195 biopsies Candida sp., 155, 156, 157, 162, 233 prevention, 191–192 fine needle aspiration biopsy, 263 candidiasis, 248–249 risk factors, 185–187 techniques, 262–263 candidosis, 73, 227–228, 340, 357 root caries, 184–185 Biopsy technique, 262 cantilever bridges, 291 saliva, 187 Bireen, James E., 39 Cardiac conditions and endocarditis - summary, 197 bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis prophylaxis with dental treatment,88 caries (oral hygiene) (BON), 268 cardiovascular (CVD) disorders fluoride, 195–196 Bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of jaw, bacteraemia from dental treatment risk mechanical, 194–195 358 assessment, 89–91 Caries prevalence in older populations, 182 bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, nutrition and oral health, 135–136 caries (risk factors) ibandronate) other considerations, 91 caries history, 185 mechanism of action, 17–18 overview, 88–89 periodontal disease, 186 osteonecrosis, 147, 258 caries plaque and microflora, 186–187 osteopenia/osteoporosis in men, 22 caries, 73–74 tissues exposed, 185 osteoporosis, 99, 268 coronal, 183 Caries risk in older populations, 183 root canal treatment, 204 operative dental procedures, 203–204 cataracts, 29 bleeding disorders peridontal disease, 139, 186 cell-mediated response, 13 coagulapathies of interest to dentistry, prevention, 191–196 cell renewal and telomere loss theory, 10–11 83–84 screening, 277–279 Cellular damage and aging,11 common medicines that predispose to Caries Associated with Restorations (CARs), cerebral vascular disease bleeding, 84 181 dental management, 92 dental management, 84 caries (detection tools) overview, 91 overview, 83 DIAGNOdent, 190 cerebrovascular accident (CVA), 71, 91 bleeding and medications, 84 electronic caries monitor, 190–191 cevimeline, 251, 338, 358 Blood pressure for adults quantitative laser fluorescence, 190 C. glabrata, 157 (classification/management),91 caries (diagnosis) chat rooms, 52 Body composition/physiological function location of lesions, 189–190 Chemical plaque control, 156 and macro/micro nutrition, 131 plaque, 189 chemotherapy (cancer) Bone grafts, 261 root caries description, 184, 189 oral complications, 87–88 bone loss see bone and muscle (aging); visual/radiographical examination, 189 overview, 86 osteopenia caries (epidemiological studies) patient assessment, 86–87 bone mineral density (BMD), 17, 18, 20–21 numbers of teeth, 182 chewing ‘bone multicellular unit’,18 restorations, 182–183 comfort, 280 bone and muscle (aging) surfaces at risk, 182 foods choice, 139–141 bone loss, 18 caries (identification/reduction of risk) China and social supports/family relations, 49 bone loss in craniofacial skeleton, 22 bacteria, 191–193 chlorhexidine (CHX), 156, 193, 196, 336–337 bone remodelling, 18–19 chemical intervention, 193 cholesterol, 135–6 cardiac and smooth muscle loss, 23–24 diet, 193 Chronic impairments/habits in persons aged immobilization and muscle/bone loss, 24 genetic modification of bacteria, 193 65+,6 mineral metabolism and bone, 19–20 oral hygiene, 193 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease molecular mediators of remodelling, 19 vaccination, 193 (COPD), 98 osteopenea/osteoporosis, 18, 20–22 caries management by risk assessment C. krusei, 157 sarcopenia, 22–23, 24 (CAMBRA), 117 clarithromycin, 150 summary, 17–18 caries (nutrition/oral health), 137–139 Classification of Behavioural and Mental bromhexine, 252 alcohol, 138 Disorders (WHO), 346 Buccal mucosa (dessicated), 248 erosive or acid-mediated dissolution of Clinical variables and quality of life, 302 burning mouth syndrome (BMS), 158, tooth tissue, 139 clinical assessment of elderly patients 238–239, 266, 272–273 periodontal disease, 139 conclusions, 78 Bur and root canal chamber, 205 smoking, 138–139 geriatric medicine principles, 61–65 Butler, Robert, 40 sugars, 137–138 introduction, 61 Trim size: Trim Size: 216mm x 279mm Holm bindex.tex V3 - 05/25/2015 11:50 A.M. Page 363 Index 363 patient assessment, 66–78 Cushing’s disease, 17, 21, 94 Denture stomatitis prevalence, 229 patient behaviour, 65 cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, 257 desire to look attractive, 317 clinical management of cognitively impaired diabetes mellitus older adult/terminally ill patient D dehydration, 93 cognitively impaired older adult, 345–354 degenerative neuromuscular disorders dental management, 93 essential concepts, 359 dental management, 97 history, 92 terminally ill patients, 355–359 motor neuron disease, 97 hyperglycemia, 92–93 Clinical radiographic examination of multiple sclerosis, 97 hypoglycemia,
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