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January 2016 ISSUE 1 Midnight Sun V O L U M E 2 9 J a n . 2 0 1 6 Quarterly Magazine for the Scandinavian Club of Regina In this issue: unes Articles 1, 4, 5, 6 Members’ Matters 2 President’s Corner 3 Editorial 3 Scandinavian News 6 What did they write Events; Club Info 8 about - the peope who left their runic Picture: See p. 5 inscriptions on objects big and small more than a thousand years ago? Alphabets - where do they come from? Midnight Sun has talked with one of the world’s leading experts on unic alphabets are often looked upon as a set of magical signs, runology, emerging out of a misty, mysterious past. Modern-day movies and TV Professor series have no doubt helped furthering this image. Truly, in some cases, James E. e.g. on amulets, runic inscriptions were given special powers. We will try to Knirk at the shed some light on the use of the oldest means of written communication Museum of between our ancestors. Cultural History, the Written communication emerged The best known runic alphabet is University among tradespeople - they needed a probably the older futhark – named of Oslo. He possesses means of keeping track of their after its the big picture of rune business transactions. The first first six history, but he also has alphabet is believed to have been letters. an eye for the little invented by the Phoenicians, great There details, the small traders of the Middle East, some 4,000 have messages. In the 2010 years ago. This was a phonetic been several versions of the futhark, exhibition Kiss Me, he alphabet with only consonants. and the inscriptions found on objects showed a great number This is the sign for “ox”, aleph. uncovered in the Nordic region, have of objects with person- Phoenician signs traveled to Greece, been written in any of them. They were to-person messages - Italy (Etruscans and Romans), and it is used in Denmark, Sweden, Norway some of a rather spicy believed that Germanic mercenaries and Iceland. Finland, with its language character. picked up the use of writing and developing from a totally different brought it back to their home lands. origin, does not have national historic With some exceptions, alphabets are monuments with runes. There are, related to each other. The earliest use however, runes of Swedish origin of runes date from circa A.D.150, and found in Finland, and also varous runic their use varied from stone memorials inscriptions from around the Baltic Sea. to maker’s and ownership formulas on weapons and jewelry . Happy New Year! Members’ Matters SCoR 2015 Christmas Potluck 40th Anniversary Celebrations - YOUR Contribution... 2016 will reveal what the SSCoR Board has in store for us, but let you ask yourselves: What can be MY contribution? Whether your membership spans forty years or one - what can you tell us, or show us, as your favourite memory of our Club? Contact Greg (306- 586-9737) or Kari (kar- Guests of honour: Santa Claus of the North Pole in full regalia brought Christmas [email protected]) presents, and author Byrna Barclay of Regina did a reading of a dramatic passage from her book The Forest Horses. - but the most important guests of the SCoR Christmas Party - as always - were the children. 2 SCoR Website http://www.scandinavianclubregina.com/ President’s Corner Picture credits It was nice to see everyone at our P.1: (JellingStone) Christmas pot luck supper in early G.Vlemmings; (J.E.Knirk, poster) UiO December, especially all of the young ©; children. Hopefully everyone was P.2: (all photos) pleased that once again Santa Claus G.Swanson; was able to join us. P.3: (G.Swanson) I know that as you read this Christmas G.Grant; is long gone. Hopefully your Christmas P.4: (bracteate) B.A. celebrations were full of happiness and Lundberg; (lead good family times. On behalf of the amulets, letter, shoe, board of the Scandinavian Club of comb) unimus photo Regina I hope that 2016 will be a good portal; year for everybody.. P.5: (UppsalaStone) WikimediaCommons; Remember that Nordic knitting will (VaxholmStone) resume in January, and we hope to M.Källström; offer some Rosemaling classes as (JellingStone) well. gyldendal.dk/; (passport) M.Schlosser; Happy New Year! JellingStoneReverse) Greg wiki2.org; P.6: (Codex Runicus, scribe) Wikipedia; (CarminaBurana) The Editorial Origin Of Backgammon; (Sverre) Wikimedia Commons; (Bracteate) Forty years - still young, some century farmers to the modern Wikipedia would say, but a considerable age day oil specialists. Younger Other: Public domain for a club counting its members generations will have other among immigrants and preferences than the founders. immigrants’ descendants: each Modern Nordic societies and culture generation farther away from the Old could have more to offer than what we Wanted: Country. Many of the founding have come to consider the typical members have departed from history, ”Scandinavian background”. New Editor but some are still around. We owe the For SCoR to continue thriving and Club’s existence to them and to waves attracting new members, it is important Our volunteer editor of new members over the years. for all of us - not just our elected wants to step down However, an anniversary should not representatives - to give input to what after the AGM in April, just make us sit back and remember we want the direction to be for our and we are looking for the past. It is important to look ahead Club’s development. That might mean her creative successor. to find out what will attract new less resources spent on trying to members. From the SCoR Bylaws: revitalise activities that we have Midnight Sun is a ”[—-] Specifically, the purposes of the outgrown, greater efforts focused on quarterly publication, Club are to: 1. maintain the what may attract younger generations. presently created with Scandinavian traditions of people who That might mean asking around: Microsoft Publisher. trace their ancestry to the northern asking the membership what focus and Contact Kari Mitchell countries of Denmark, Finland, activities they would like the Club to ([email protected]) Iceland, Norway and Sweden; [—-]” have for the next forty years - asking or Greg Swanson (306- Nordic background this day and age potential members what it would take 586-9737) for details. covers it all—from the nineteenth for them to find it interesting to join us. http://www.facebook.com/scandinavianclubregina 3 Bracteates, amulets and other small things n the 4th of July 1955, lightening struck at Bryggen, the Hanseatic Wharf in Bergen, Norway. The fire that followed led to more than fourteen years of excavations and more han 550 ”new” rune inscriptions on bone and wood pieces were found. One of the findings was a letter on wooden Whereas most of the sticks from Sigurd Part of Sigurd Lavard’s letter bracteate findings have Lavard - an order of been made in spearheads to one of Denmark, this gold Bryggen’s craftsmen. pendant was found at But objects with runic Vadstena in Sweden. inscriptions had been unearthed much earlier, all over Scandinavia. Bracteates are thin medieval or older coins. Other findings made of metal (lead) are Wooden objects have been preserved amulets with Christian inscriptions in the ground. As mentioned already on (dating from 11-1200s). They p.1, many of them were name labels sometimes had the form of a cross, or marking the ownership of goods. A were folded into a small, square shape curious (but human) practise is being which could be carried in special manifested in downright odious runes, purses or sewn into pieces of clothing, very like graffiti on washroom walls in and they had probably been buried modern-day society - naming people Cruciform lead amulet with their owners. Modern day use of and telling of sexual exploits. More with runic inscription; metal detectors has resulted in many innocuous graffiti, more like “Kilroy was Norway findings of single metal objects. here” have been found inscribed on walls of Norwegian stave churches. Animal bone material was easy to carve and lent itself to the use by crafty people with a message. Bone was also used to create important tools for everyday life. Take Folded-up lead amulet, Photo: James E. Knirk handy to carry in a combs, for instance. purse; Norway Very interesting is the fact that leather Head lice was a shoes with runes have been partly common nuisance, and the remedy to preserved under the houses at help get rid of it was a good louse Bryggen (picture above). This shoe has comb. This well preserved sample was been beautifuly adorned with an found at a site in Sogn & Fjordane inscription between borders: a Latin county, Western Norway. quotation of Vergil’s Amor vincit omnia (Love conquers all). The Detail of bone comb quotation could have continued “Let us described in text. too surrender to Love” on the other shoe, which was not found. 4 SCoR Website http://www.scandinavianclubregina.com/ Monuments ere are some 7,000 runic inscriptions in the world, half of them located in Sweden, where the great majority are runestones dating from 900 AD onwards. most of them Christian grave monuments. The Church often took over old traditions, but at times expressed warnings against runes, considering them to be pagan. The Jellinge stone is One of the world’s largest runestones, unusual in that the the big Jelling stone, is called inscription was made ”Denmark’s Christening certificate” (see in horizontal bands. It pic. on p.1, and margin). It is a heavily says: decorated three sided granite pyramid. HARALDR KING BADE Denmark has some of the oldest Viking DO THESE RUNES Age runetones.
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