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Volume III, Number 8 August, 1984
Occultation Newsletter is published by the International Occultation Timing Association. Editor and compos- itor: H. F. DaBo11; 6 N 106 White Oak Lane; St. Charles, IL 60174; U. S. A. Please send editorial matters, renewals, address changes, and reimbursement requests to the above, but for new memberships, new subscrip- tions, back issues, and any special requests, write to IOTA; P. 0. Box 3392; Columbus, OH 43210-0392; U.S.A.
FROM THE PUBLISHER ufacturer will be sought for the system after the changes have been tested. Chen also hopes that the For subscription purposes, this is the second issue reduction software can be converted to run on micro- of 1984. computers, so that this work also can be done inde- pendently. Those planning to attend the IOTA meet- When renewing, please give your name and address ex- ing should contact Paul Maley, 15807 Brookvi11a, Y .~ actly as it appears on your mailing label, so that Houston, TX 77059, U.S.A., telephone 713,488-6871, we can locate your file; if the label should be re- vised, tell us how it should be changed. Some problems with last year's graze predictions were described in o.n. 3 (4), p. 81 & 89. The prob- o.n.'s price is $].40/issue, or $5.50/year (4 is- lems have not been corrected, and the differences sues) including first class surface mailing. Back between the 80F (or BOG) and 78A USNO prediction issues through vol.2, No. 13 still are priced at versions are even greater this year. , For waning- only $1.00/issue; later issues @ $1.40. Please see phase northern-limit grazes with latitude 1ibration the masthead for the ordering address. Air mail greater than zero, you should apply (to the ACLPPP shipment of o.n. back issues and subscriptions, if profile, which is based on version 78A) the correc- desired, is 45¢/issue ($1.80/year) extra, outside tion om x (lat. 1ibration in degrees), as des- the U.S.A., Canada, and Mexico. cribed in o.n. 3 (S), p. 100 (observations of two grazes this July seem to indicate this is the best IOTA membership, subscription included, is $11.00/ way to proceed so far this year). The 1983 observa- year for residents of North America (incltiding Mexi- tions were not numerous enough to solve the problem co) and $16.00/year for others, to cover costs of definitively, and things could happen a little dif- overseas air mail. Observers from Europe and the ferently this year, so preliminary information about British Isles should join I0TA?ES, sending DM 20.-- observations of any waning northern-limit grazes to Hans-j. Bode, Bartold-knaust Str. 8, 3000 Hanno- with large HEIGHT values during the next two months ver 91, German Federal Republic. will be valuable for deciding how to deploy for events during the following months and next year. IOTA NEWS If you plan a large expedition, get the latest in- formation about the shifts from me; around full David W. Dunham moon, I will leave a message giving reconnendations on our answering machine at 301,585-0989. - This year's meeting of the International Occultation Timing Association will be held at the Lunar and Other important news that might ordinarily be found Planetary Institute, 3303 NASA Road One, Houston, here is covered in two other articles of this issue, Texas 77058, on Saturday, October 20th. The loca- entitled "IOTA/ES News" and "Asteroidal Occultation tion is the same as last year's meeting. The meet- News." You should read both, whether you are a mem- ing will begin at 10 am Central Daylight Time, and ber of IOTA/ES or not, since the first article has will last most of the day. The following topics are some information which may be of interest to all on the agenda: Observations of the May 30th annular IOTA members. eclipse; final plans for the November 22nd total so- lar eclipse; plans to observe occultations during Also, residents of the U.S.A. should notice the dis- the 1985 May 4th total lunar eclipse from or near cussion about deducting travel costs from their in- Africa, including the simultaneous north-south graz- come when calculating their 1984 taxes, near the end es of 2.9-mag. Zubenelgenubi (Alpha Librae) during of the article about the May 30th solar eclipse. totality; other interesting occultations, especially That discussion also applies for travel to observe by asteroids, during 1985; and preliminary plans to grazing occultations or asteroidal occultations. observe Halley's Comet from southern Africa in 1986. Ne also will have some discussion about photoelec- IOTA Special Bulletin Number 8, containing informa- trica11y recording occultations, perhaps including a tion about asteroidal occultations in July and Aug- WolfgangcomparisonBeisker,of the Germanis in thephotometerU.S.A. for(thea year?desi ner,with ust, was distributed as a stopgap measure when un- foreseen difficulties prevented preparation of this the Chen photometer. Peter Chen tells me that his issue in time. 1Ae plan to distribute the next issue system is being redesigned somewhat to include more in 3 to 4 weeks, to include the material which would off-the-shelf components, to improve the reliability not fit in this or previous issues, and more infor- and decrease the need for repairs in Austin. A man- mation about grazing occultations, including some ""U
158 I ¢, more reduction profiles by Robert Sandy, Independ- servatory, TX. There was a gap in the laser obser- i ence, MO. o.n. 3 (IQ) is scheduled tentatively for vations when problems were encountered with the ded- late November. icated ranging facility at Haleakala, HI, and a new smaller system at McOonald. As the electronics are MORE ON THE GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT improved, it should be possible to make regular lu- nar laser ranging observations wIth telescopes with David Id. Dunham apertures smaller than 1 meter, which will permit more observatories to participate in this important The statements which I made about the non-variabili- program. That also will result in more accurate de- ty of the gravitational constant in o.n. 3 (6), 118, termination of earth polar motion and U.T. based on analysis of the Martian lander radio rang- ing data, appear to be an oversimplification of the Time is on the side of lunar occultation and laser actual situation. When small effects due to general ranging observations, since h is proportional to relativity are studied, the natures of the observed time squared. Hence, the determination will become quantities become important. The various cosmologi- much more accurate in the future. A good determina- cal theories predict different results if the ob- tion of the "space-like" rate of change of the semi- servables are "space-like" (predominantly measure- major axis (mean distance) of the lunar orbit will ments of distance) or "time-like." For example, Di- be made from the laser data during the next several rac's large-numbers hypothesis predicts a changing years. Lunar laser ranging probably will have the gravitational constant for "time-like" measurements final word in the gravitational constant controver- but not for "space-like" measurements. sy, as good "time-like" and "space-like" determina- tions of cosmological parameters are obtained. Lunar occultation timings are "time-like" measure- ments. Hundreds of revolutions of the moon have I thank Tom Van Flandern and lunar laser ranging pi- been observed, and the observed quantity of in- oneer Carroll Alley, Department of Physics, Univer- terest is n, the rate of change of the lunar mean sity of Maryland, for discussions which were most motion, or more precisely, the mean angular motion valuable for preparing this article. in ecliptic longitude. There are both tidal and cosmological contributions to the lunar ii, but the ASTEROIDAL OCCULTATIONS OF UNCATALOGED STARS, AND two can be separated using different types of obser- SOME NEMAUSA A.C. EVENTS, DURING 1984 vations, as explained by Van Flandern in his arti- cle, "Is the Gravitational Constant Changing?", in Robert L. Mi11is, Lawrence H. Wasserman, Otto G. the 1981 September 1 issue of Astrophysical journal Franz, Edward Bowell, Arnold Klemola, and David KL 248, pp. 813-816. He gives a value for the excess Dunham rate of change in lunar mean motion of possible cos- mological origin as An earlier version of this article was published as part of IOTA Special Bulletin Number 8, which was kiln = (+3.2 ±2.2) x 1q-ii per year, distributed to all o.n. subscribers. Events before August will not be included in the more legible list which results in published with this article, since they already have taken place, and none of them were observed, as far Gig = (-6.4 ±2.2) x 1q"11 per year, as we know.
when interpreted with the scalar covariant cosmology Additional occultations of uncataloged stars by sev- of Canuto and Hsieh. en of the largest asteroids during 1984 have been found by scanning photographic plates at Lowell Ob- The accurate Viking ranging data primarily measure servatory. The techniques were the same as those distances, and are consequently predominantly used for a similar list of 1983 events published in "space-like." The data were accurate enough to mea- o.n. 3 (2), 25, except that the star positions have sure a cosmological change in the mean motion in been improved using plates taken at Lick Observa- spite of only about four revolutions being observed. tory. The 1984 events have been published by the This also could give a "time-like" measurement, ex- first four authors in Astronomical journal 89 (SL cept for one problem. The change is so small over 698. All events involving these large asteroids the interval that it can be absorbed in the deter- were found by the first five authors at the Lowell mination of the masses of the asteroids, whose long- and Lick observatories, but the predictions listed period perturbations also appear as a constant here were calculated by Dunham. One of the events change in the Martian mean motion over the time in- found at Lowell, an occultation by (65) Cybele on terval of the Viking data. Since the transmitters July 13, was found by Dunham and published in o.n. 3 on the Viking landers are dead, the observation in- (6), 124. The A.C. and newly measured positions of terval can not be extended. Hence, the Viking re- the star, and consequently the predicted paths, are sult is almost entirely "space-like." in good agreement.
Although lunar laser ranging measures distance, the Bob Mi11is has photoelectrically observed the stars relatively fast lunar motion results in laser data to be occulted on August 5, 19, and 20, and on No- giving a more "time-like" measurement of G via de- vember 17, to assess the observability of these termination of n. Mean motion can be measured since events, which will be marginal even photoelectrical- the moon's right ascension and declination are ef- ly. The identification number of the star to be oc- fectively determined from the laser data due to the culted by (704) Interamnia on Sept. 2 is a B.D. num- changing distance resulting from the motion of the ber, not a Lowell reference number. After the As- ranging observatory around the earth's axis of rota- tron. J. article was published, another occultation tion. A program of regular lunar laser ranging has was found at Lowell. An 11th-mag. star will be qc- resumed using the 107-inch reflector at McOonald Ob- (Text continues in second column, next page) mv + " C (" i
1984 UNIVERSAL P L A N E T S T A R OCCULTATION El M 0 0 N DATE TIME NAME m\/ 8,Alj Star No mjj RA. (1950)Dec. am Dur df P Possible Area Ephem. SUN El %Sn1 Ue Source 18h21m-43m Patientia 11 Aug 5 .7 2.30 L931708 11.2 Oh42?1 -17°06 ' 1.0 38 41 12 Manchuria, Japan, Australia ]28°117° 68+ none HERGET78 Aug 5 6 36-47 Interamnia 10 .8 2.10 1.944324 13.5 18 75.6 -20 55 0.09 41 34 9 U.S.A.?s 141 36 63" W 95 W EMP 7977' Aug 8 11 37-56 [nteramnia 10 .9 2.13 L941608 13.2 18 ]4.2 -20 42 0.12 46 39 9 NewZealand?s;Queens1and,lndonesia 138 8 90" all EMP 1977 Aug 15 19 00 Nemausa 12 .3 2.91 11.4 613.1 15 24 1.3 4 9 28 Papua New Guinea 50 84 Aug 19 85- all KRSTNN77 3 0-24 Interamnia 11 .0 2.22 L94161813.6 1811.4 -20 01 0.10 75 6510 e Brazil, e U.S.A. 127 136 57- e 70 Id EMP 1977 Aug 20 5 31-43 Hygiea 9 .7 2.02 L945703 13.4 20 32.8 -15 52 0.03 45 28 7 sc U.S.A., nw Mexico, Hawaii 159 115 46- e 95 Id SCHMADEL Aug 29 3 45-66 Interamnia 11 .2 2.33 L941624 12.7 18 11.3 -79 27 0.2 80 71 10 South America 117 84 8+ none EMP 1977 Aug 31 0 22 Nemausa 12 .2 2.75 14.5 6 39.2 14 35 0.2 5 10 26 Arabia, Iran 58 117 24" none KRSTNN77 Sep 2 15 3-22 Interamnia 11 .2 2.38 -19°4924 8.918 12.1 -19 13 2.4 64 5710 Seychelles, India, w China 113 21 52" w100 E EMP 1977 Sep 3 ]6 40 Nemausa 12 .2 2.71 10.5 6 45.2 14 20 1.9 5 10 26 japan?s 60 162 63+ none KRSTNN77 Sep 4 3 31-40 Cybele 12 .2 2.65 L930121 15.4 I 21.4 5 42 0.05 39 40 12 U.S.A.?s 140 109 68" W 55 Id EMP 1975 Sep 7 2 45-59 Patientia 11 .2 2.07 L931908 ]3.2 0 32.2 -20 58 0.2 24 24 11 swEurope,nwAfrica,Brazi1,8olivia 154 51 91+ W 0 HERGET78 Sep 8 21 3-12 Cybele 12 .1 2.62 1.930123 13.5 1 19.6 5 25 0.3 33 34 12 Europe 145 50 98" all EMP 1975 Sep 11 19 37 Nemausa 12 .2 2.62 12.1 6 58.3 13 44 0.8 5 10 25 Australia 65 98 98- all KRSTNN77 Sep 14 7 23 Nemausa 12 .I 2.59 11.8 7 02.2 13 32 0.9 5 11 25 Cuba, Bahamas 66 70 86- all KRSTNN77 Sep 18 1 58 Nemausa 12 .1 2.54 13.5 7 07.9 1313 0.3 5 11 24 southern Africa (low) 68 28 54- all KRSTNN77 Sep 23 4 41 Nemausa 12 .1 2.48 12.0 715.5 12 45 0.8 6 11 24 Canary Is., nw Africa 71 46 6- e 10 W KRSTNN77 Sep 27 22 46 Nemausa 12 .0' 2.42 11.6 7 22.3 12 18 1.0 6 12 23 southern India?m 74 113 11+ none KRSTNN77 oct 6 5 26 Nemausa 11 .9 2.32 12.1 7 33.5 11 28 0.7 7 13 22 n. Brazil 80 139 88" W 30 W KRSTNN77 oct 12 8 23 Nemausa 11 .8 2.24 12.1 7 41.2 10 50 0.6 7 14 21 n. U.S.A. 84 71 95- all KRSTNN77 Nov I 7 2 59 Hygiea 11 .0 3.15 L946104 ]3.5 20 53.8 -14 37 0.10 19 15 10 sw Canada 1985 77 155 41- none SCHMADEL jan 9 19 8 Cybele 13.0 3.57 1.929837 11.6 0 52.2 2 29 1.7 17 21 17 n. Africa, Arabia 84 131 91- e 15 E EMP 1975 (Text continues on next page) 1984 MINOR PLANET MOTION APPARENTM A) O +Cj.K ~>=-n—1 = = NJ ~1 m · NJ · Ap "S = m =S±2 = CJ " m OC")3 O CD E Qlj W O ~ DATE .No, NAME km-diam.-" RSOI Type °/Day PA. Star No S RA. Dec. ¶ m " O 6j0 r"
considerable error; see the discussion about dc-cultations by (747) Winchester in the article about I · 3 m "GO CD = CP CD "S ¢.0 Q0 " G cn ~. "· CO (D 'L931 708 H Oh43'n9 COCO cdn c-fc·+ "P Aug 5 451 Patientia 281 0.17 1835 C 0.106 174 -16°54' " CS?9&¶d CO < ~0 = Qj B':S Sw " E OD "· :OZQ · CD = (D "S )· Aug 5 704 Interamnia 339 0.22 2382 C - 0.132 301 L944324 H 78 17:7 C= V UJ W 7 :3 CO V) = n"- = Om G '<= -20 54 ::' "D CD ~· m C-P > Aug 8 704 Interamnia 339 0.22 2378 C 0.115 305 Q0 n on cr="m In e·r cn cp mmn L941608 H 18 16.3 -20 41 W C-FCDG QJ A~ = c-r O CI Aug 15 51 Nemausa 153 0.07 582 U 0.426 96 =" 3 · a. cn a. CD "% c-r C 615.0 15 24 " m O CT O - Qj c-f = Aug 19 704 Interamnia 339 0.21 2366 C 0.068 332 n Z-r," mf "3 cn CO CD U" cn p O"· O= 3r L941618 H18]3.4 i::: § "S 7 ODE O X "· A) "S (D ems = 3 Qj Aug 20 10 Hygiea 443 0.30 3588 C 0.162 259 O y 4· C 6 = 3 m O "S "0 CD ".Q L945703 H 20 34.7 cn ~ " = m CO CD m n g Aug 29 704 Interamnia 339 0.20 2354 C 0.060 28 c,n ~ " a. — =" Cl <"P cn(D QjO" m» · L941624 H 18 13.3 -19 27 " "· —h BD Q) " C-F "· G W cn = O " Aug 31 51 Nemausa 153 0.08 580 U 0.408 99 = "S CJ1O C+:3 cD CD CI " = jG-F m ~-> C 6 41.1 14 33 ~ (D O On ='CJ Co n rp a. O Qj rt^< — Sep 2 704 Interamnia 339 0.20 2349 C 0.074 47 -19°4924 H 18 14.1 3 CI Qj *" -19 13 g = :O= CP I "8X?J& -. = c-r Sep 3 51 Nemausa 153 0.08 579 U 0.403 100 C 6 47.2 O .> · m ~ a. "· CT = 14 18 m 7 => c-r e-r = (D.O Qj D" o"S°Z3 S Sep 4 65 Cybele 311 0.16 2464 3C 0.100 237 CP · = con VI m m'< -h "S In VI C-F L930121 H 1 23.2 5 53 ~ = C^) CD CD c-r n (D O e m In W Sep 7 451 Patientia 281 0.19 1822 C 0.187 232 m C^j · ~· "S U7 CD c·r m c-PP ~· L931908 H 0 34.0 -20 46 ). Mp 3 =uo -h rr "· U7 m " =' = QJ Sep 8 65 Cybele 311 0.16 2467 3C 0.120 239 I m = 0"= W " "S W c-fOoD e·t· L9301 23 H 1 21.5 5 36 " (D Vi :3 (D = = C-F Sep 11 51 Nemausa )53 0.08 578 U 0. 390 102 C 7 00.2 g; 9%@ ;;" Cl CD 4 (D CD O Ci Qj 13 41 79 "· eo C·+ -b a. = O d >":3CD (D Ou" Sep 14 51 Nemausa 153 0.08 577 U 0.385 102 Cl -> CD · C: "· E CD · C 7 04.1 13 29 3. Qj =c Co -S = C-P (D 3 Z Sep 18 51 Nemausa 153 0.08 576 U 0.378 103 (in DO O "S A) · cams: C 7 09.8 -hbmj>i > D (D G - "S TP A) Sep 23 51 Nemausa 153 0.09 575 U 0.367 105 "5 ¢CD OX:CD · "h In in > ~· "S ") C 717.5 l?:: ' % 3fj ~3 :§ U') I) ". rj Sep 27 51 Nemausa 153 0.09 575 U 0. 356 106 g S d " ' c-rm Ci X = C 7 24.3 12 14 C: U7 Ai = a. m Ap "S = (D Oct 6 51 Nemausa 153 0.09 573 U 0.334 108 C+ · +
astrometric plans on this page. except that much of the stellar information is not ¢6 available for these fainter stars; the consequent The format of the two tables is similar to that of differences are explained in o.n. 3 (2), 25 for the the tables for the other 1984 events in o.n.3 (6), similar lists of 1983 events.
PLANS FOR ASTROMETRY FOR LATE 1984 calculations of the occultations (under Landgraf). ASTEROIDAL AND PLANETARY OCCULTATIONS 1984 Dunham Landgraf David kl. Dunham Date Shift At Shift At
Astrometry for the occultation of SAD 186001 by Nep- Sep. 2 +1!'43 ®3E +2!'59 9'!'1E tune was described in IOTA Special Bulletin #8. Ac- oct. 15 +1.45 0.3E +4.77 2.5L cording to TAU Circular 3962 (dated 1984 July 23; Nov. 28 "1.68 0.3L +9.43 27.9E the number inadvertently was left off), no occulta- Dec. 26 +1.74 0.0 +1.68 0.0 tion by the planet occurred at the European Southern Observatory (ESQ) in Chile. I have not heard wheth- "+" indicates. a north shift from the EMP 1982 path, er any observations were made from more southerly "E" means that the time correction is early, and "L" locations, such as Santiago or New Zealand. A prob- means that it is late. The corrections I have cal- able occultation (about 2 seconds long) by a small culated are more consistent with each other than satellite of Neptune, at least 15 km in diameter, Landgraf's, and mine result in occultation paths was recorded at ESQ at 5h 40m U.T., according to iau close to those computed at Lowell Observatory using Circulars 3962 and 3968. R. Scott Ireland and Mi- Landgraf's orbital elements to generate the ephemer- chael C. Mooney report photoelectric drops of about is. So I suspect that Landgraf's occultation calcu- " 45 seconds duration at 4h 21m and 37m U.T. at Bihh lations (except, for some unknown reason, the one on Pine Key, FL; and a 2-step disappearance after 6 Dec. 26) have errors. Planned Lick astrometry was recorded at the Florida Institute of Technology should settle the matter. The list of events for in Melbourne, FL. North American Astrometry is given below,:
Speaking of planets, don't forget Venus occulting 1984 Asteroid Priority Note Lambda Sagittarii on November 19. Astrometric im- provement will be impossible for that event. A Sep. 2 Winchester - E I 1 last-minute IOTA expedition may be undertaken to Sep. 4 Dido 1 British Columbia to observe the occultation, if the Sep. 15 Hebe 1 2 weather forecast is good (not likely). If you are Sep. 16 Aglaja 1 interested in trying this and are not planning on Sep. 23 Winchester - H 1 3 observing the total solar eclipse three days later, Oct. 2 Chicago 2 contact me. Oct. 6 Corduba 2 Oct 12 Nemausa 2 Asteroidal occultations which are potentially visi- Nov. 4 Hermione 2 ble from North America are given in a list below. A Nov. 8 Pretoria 2 "1" in the priority column means that we are asking Nov. ]3 Ceres I Arnold Klemola to try to obtain plates at Lick Ob- Nov. 24 Faina 2 servatory; "2" signifies that preliminary astrometry Nov. 28 Winchester - H 1 will be requested from others, especially Bill Pen- Dec. 16 Hebe 1 hallow at Quonochontaug Observatory in RI. If pos- Dec. 17 Athor 2 4 sible, the new Lowell 18-inch astrograph will be Dec. 22 Winchester - E 1 5 used for some of the "2" events and for the "1" Dec. 30 Vesta 1 events which might not be possible at Lick; see p. 161. Some of the events found during plate scans at Notes Lowell discussed on p. 158 may also be added to the list based on the results of Mi11is' photoelectric 1. Winchester events on Aug. 28 and 30 can be observations. (747) Winchester is followed with an checked. "H" or an "E", designating that the Herget or EMP ephemeris, respectively, shows the event to occur in 2. Hebe events on Sept. 14 also can be checked. North America. Only one group or the other will be considered, depending on which ephemeris turns out 3. Other events on Sept. 23 can be checked. to be correct based on astrometry for the first Win- chester events on the list. kl. Landgraf at the Max- 4. This event could occur in Europe, where astrome- Planck-lnstitut fiir Aeronomie, Lindau, German Feder- try might be obtained. al Republic, recently computed an improved orbit and an associated ephemeris for Winchester. In early 5. Other events through Dec. 27 could be checked. September, this ephemeris is closer to Herget's ephemeris, but in December, Landgraf's ephemeris No efforts are planned for the August 20th occulta- lies about a third of the way from the EMP 1982 path tion by Halley's Comet, since even the 44% sunlit to that computed from Herget's elements. Landgraf's moon 37° away will hinder observation of the very times are in good agreement with EMP 1982. For the faint star. Improved positions of the stars which occultations of four AGK3 stars, the table below may be occulted on Sept. 5, Nov. 23, Nov. 24, and gives the shift of the path from the EMP 1982 ephem- Dec. 27 are probably available in the International eris, computed by me (under Dunham) from the differ- Halley Watch Comet Halley Star Catalog based on Lick ences between the ephemerides, in the sense of Land- Observatory data, so the predictions for those graf - EMP 1982 (the "Landgraf - Dunham paths of the events will be updated on the basis of the IHW data, world and regional maps), and from Landgraf's own if possible. "4
W 161
G The events listed below are potentially visible from sometimes do not exist in the real sky; this usually Europe, and astrometry might be obtained with the can be checked with the T.V.M.A. I have found a few Bordeaux photoelectric meridian circle or perhaps by relatively bright stars which are not in T.V.M.A on Taylor at R.G.O.; see p. 161. I have not comnuni- the AC.-based detailed charts, and have removed cated with the astrometrists concerned, so I can not them from the charts published in o.n. However, I promise that attempts will be made for any of the have not done this checking for charts not published events. Those marked "B" under "Notes" indicate in o.n., primarily sent to Southern-Hemisphere and that astrometry probably can be obtained before the Asian observers. For relatively bright stars, the event at Bordeaux. Atlas Eclipticalis (A.E.) is sometimes also helpful.
1984 Asteroid Notes On all the AGK3-based charts, a one-degree box cen- tered on the star to show the region for the A.C.- Sep. 1 Doris B? based charts is shown for all events for the rest of Sep. 1 Hektor 1984, whether there is a corresponding A.C. chart or oct. 9 Doris B not (none are given outside the declinations covered oct. 21 Messalina by good A.C. data, from +3?8 to +33°, or if the star Nov. 2 Doris B orta willasteroidsufficeis 8thformag.findingor briit?.hterAn soexamplethat AGK3is theda- Nov, 4 Winchester - E B Nov. 12 Hypatia B chart for (238) Hypatia on Nov. 12. Also, there is Dec. 16 Dejopeja b? a plotting error if the asteroid's motion is very Dec. 17 Athor B steep, nearly due north-south. In this case, the Dec. 25 Winchester - H B path is plotted as a stairstep, when in fact it
C ~ should be smooth with small horizontal bars to mark A similar list for southern Africa, which might be the days, rather than steps. An example is the improved by Joe Chums at Cape Observatory, is below: chart for (790) Pretoria on Nov. 8.
1984 Asteroid Notes I have not produced finder charts for some very mar- ginal events, with small magnitude drops or faint Nov. 12 Hypatia See Europe above stars with strong interference by moonlight, and al- Dec. 30 Ate so for some relatively favorable events visible from parts of the earth where no astronomers are known to ASTEROIDAL OCCULTATION NEWS live. If you want a chart for one of these events, write to me and I will try to provide it. David W. Dunham Bob Millis invited me to give a talk, about the Gordon Taylor announced that he will be taking pre- well-observed 1983 Pallas and Nemausa occultations, mature retirement from the Royal Greenwich Observa- at Lowell Observatory at the end of June. The visit tory this August, according to his Bulletin 33 of would also provide a chance for a detailed compari- the International Astronomical Union's comission 20 son of our ephemeris-generation software. I ar- Working Group on Predictions of Occultations by Sat- ranged to stay there June 28-30, and got an un- ellites and Minor Planets. Taylor will continue to planned visit with Peter Manly in Phoenix when a de- act as Chairman of the working group until the next layed flight caused me to miss my connecting flight meeting of the I.A.U. in 1985 November, and he will to Flagstaff the evening of the 27th (we compared have continuing access to resources needed for im- eclipse videotapes). Much of the time at Lowell was provements of occultation predictions for events up- spent with Larry Wasserman, who with some help from coming in Europe until the end of 1985. He notes me was able to run my ephemeris program on the Low- that the asteroidal occultation predictions for 1986 ell POP-ll computer. The comparisons with Ted Bow- probably will be computed at Lowell Observatory and ell's ephemeris program were quite satisfactory, the published in the Astronomical journal. main difference being a slow deviation of the mean motion amounting to about one arc second after 16 While preparing a finder chart for the November 2nd years. This difference, due either to the differ- occultation by (747) Winchester, I found that the Cnce in integrators or to different planetary ephem- computer-generated chart based on Astrographic Cata- erides, could effectively be eliminated by using re- log data for the event bore no resemblance whatsoev- cent osculating elements. The calculations of as- er to the real sky shown in the True Visual Magni- trometric ephemerides from the same integrated heli- tude Photographic Star Atlas (T.V.M.A.). It also ocentric rectangular coordinates were in exact was puzzling to me that some of the A.C. charts con- agreement. Hence, we are now confident in computing tained no stars south of declination 3?8. It turns the same results from preliminary astrometry ob- out that declination 3?8 is the boundary between the tained a few months before a given occultation, as Toulouse and Algiers zones of the A.C. Apparently, well as for last-minute astrometry. A large disa- all the Algiers data used by Fresneau for creating greement in our computed paths for an occultation by the A.C. tape are wrong. Hence, the A.C. data south (704) Interamnia on july 6 turned out to be due to a of declination 3?8 should be ignored, and you should transcription error in the published star position. delete from the list starting on p. 126 of o.n. 3 \ (6) the occultations of A.C. stars south of dec. 3?8 I was given a tour of the most-used Lowell tele- by (45) Eugenia and (747) Winchester on the follow- scopes. Most interesting was an 18-inch f/8 aerial ing 1984 dates: October 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 23, and camera lens, which had been designed also for possi- 31; November 2, 4, and 6; and December 9, 11, 12, ble astronomical use, which recently was mounted in and 29. On rare occasions, an Algiers-zone star may an observatory less than 100 m from the reduction have been given an incorrect declination much far- facilities in the planetary research building. That ther north, in one of the other zones with good da- observatory had housed a 20-inch f/18 refractor ta. Hence, stars on the A.C. tape north of dec. 3?8 which had been used by the Aeronautical Chart and 162
Information Center for their lunar mapping work in ideas between IOTA and IOTA/ES, and paved the way 3 support of the Apollo program nearly 20 years ago. for increased cooperation. A major agreement was a Plans are to use the 18-inch lens as a wide-field pledge to avoid duplication of effort between the astrograph with a 60"/mm plate scale, comparable to two organizations. Services (graze predictions, as- the Lick Observatory twin astrograph. The field of teroidal appulse predictions, etc.) for observers in view will be about 3 by 4 degrees. Measurements of Ireland, the U.K., and Europe (except the R region the first test plates are encouraging, and routine in part of the U.S.S.R.) would be provided only by astrometric work with the telescope may begin within IOTA/ES, and any current IOTA prediction obligations a few months. If it works as planned, it will per- to observers in those areas would be transferred to mit a large increase in last-minute astrometry, IOTA/ES. Some Europeans have purchased o.n. sub- since it will be much more convenient to use than scriptions direct from IOTA, so they can receive the the Lick astrograph and will have no higher-priority issues more quickly, and IOTA will continue all paid competing program. Ted Bowell is looking forward to subscriptions. This sometimes has meant the differ- using it to improve the accuracy of his extensive ence between receiving a finder chart before or af- routine astrometry of asteroids, since the positions ter an asteroidal occultation, since o.n. often has obtained with the R-inch astrograph now used are been distributed by IOTA less than a week before only accurate to about 1". Also while in Flagstaff, some events covered in the issue were to take place. I saw Robert Fried's 16-inch telescope at Braeside After this issue, we will try to rectify this prob- Observatory, which is largely controlled by micro- lem by covering events taking place at least a month computers for variable star photometry. after the issue is distributed by IOTA, at least for events potentially visible from Europe. Then, Euro- Lowell Observatory is especially interested in the peans can get the issue one or two weeks later less occultation of a 10th-mag. star by Ceres, which can expensively from IOTA/ES. IOTALES will be less len- "~1 be observed photoelectrically from Mexico and prob- ient with those who are behind on their payments, ably much of Florida on November 13; see o.n. 3 (6), and will provide more reliable service. Dunham gave pages 126, 127, and 133, and my map in the Planetary Bode the tape of 1985 graze data at the meeting, so Occultations article in last January's Sky and Tele- that these predictions can be computed much farther scope. They have obtained some support from the Na- in advance than was previously possible. First- tional Geographic Society for the effort. Ten port- class mail will be used for time-critical communica- able photoelectric systems, from Lowell, M.I.T., and tions. With the proposed changes, IOTA/ES will have the universities of Arizona and Maryland, have been more honorary members, who can not send us a payment mobilized for the event. because they live in currency-controlled countries, than IOTA. In order to equalize the burden, IOTA Arnold Klemola and the Lowell astronomers also re- will give IOTA/ES a discount on the price charged cently had completed scans of Lick plates of the for the copies of o.n. provided to IOTA/ES based on northern Milky Way fields which will be traversed by the number of honorary and paid members in the or- (6) Hebe and (747) Winchester late this year and ganizations. There is usually only one honorary early next year. The results will be presented at member in a currency-controlled country, and his the Division of Planetary Sciences meeting in Hawaii membership is provided with the understanding that in October. Most of the non-AGK3 events during 1984 he will distribute IOTA information to others in his already had been found in my A.C. searches and pub- country, and provide us with observational reports. lished in o.n. 3 (6), 119. Some well-observed oc- cultations of these asteroids will be important for Asteroidal occultations were the first item on the analysis of radar observations planned at Arecibo, scientific agenda of the regional meeting. Dr. PR, in 1985 January. Several of the occultations Wolfgang Beisker presented his analysis of timings are potentially visible from North America. The of the 1983 March 11th occultation of SAD 93315 by visit to Lowell also gave us an opportunity to de- (19) Fortuna obtained at three Czech observatories cide which events during the remainder of 1984 were and at Wiesbaden, G.F.R., and of the 1984 February most important for last-minute astrometry; see p. 19th occultation of AGK3 +6° 1540 by (g) Metis as 160. timed by three observers in Liibeck and Kiel, G.F.R., and two in Rethe and Kalauch, German Democratic Re- Graham158162 byBlow(230$re ortsAthamantisthat theonoccultationMay 11th wasoftimedSAD at public. The observation in Liibeck was photoelec- tric. Dunham gave accounts of the occultations by four stations in and near Brisbane, Queensland; more (2) Pallas and (SI) Nemausa which were so success- about this best Australian success to date will ap- fully observed in the U.S.A. in 1983. Bode said pear in a future issue. Asteroid occultation activ- that the Astronomische Arbeitskreis Hannover was ity in Europe is discussed on p. 162. Remember to working towards a capacity for making astrometric send asteroidal appulse and occultation reports to observations for "last-minute" improvement of aster- Jim Stam; Route 13 Box 109; London, KV 40741; oidal occultation predictions. W. Landgraf and L. U.S.A. for publication in o.n.; his first sumary Kristensen asked if more information might be pub- article will appear in the next issue. lished in o.n. to allow detailed calculation of cir- cumstances for for individual events. Dunham felt IOTA/ES NEWS that this would be impractical, and of not much use to the majority of o.n. readers, considering the David W. Dunham and Hans-joachim Bode other information already published and the local- circumstance predictions distributed to IOTA mem- Four occultation workers from Denmark, Dunham from bers. Dunham would provide lists giving the time the U.S.A., and 2] from the German Federal Republic and angular distance of geocentric closest approach, attended the regional meeting of the European Sec- and the position angle of motion, to those who want- tion of IOTA in Hannover, G.F.R. on June 16th. The ed to compute more details, and he would provide ac- meeting had been announced in IOTA NEWS in the last curate ephemerides and star positions to those cal- issue. The meeting provided a useful exchange of culating updated predictions from "last-minute" as- 163
trometry. vations of occultations by solar system bodies (the Moon, minor planets, Halley's Comet), and coopera- Occultations of stars by comets were discussed next. tion of European observers. The registration fee, Dunham noted that the nucleus of Comet IRAS-Araki- including accomodation at the Apollo Hotel, is 620 Alcock was at least a few kilometers in diameter, Czech crowns or DM 150. An afternoon sightseeing larger than expected, based on doppler radar obser- trip is planned for Sept. 1, and an optional sight- vations obtained at Arecibo and reported at I.A.U. seeing tour of Prague and vicinity is planned for Colloquium 83, "Comet Dynamics," in Rome two days Sept. 3-5. This will be a good opportunity to visit before, The radar data also indicated a large cloud one of the most occultation-active countries of Eu- of particles, each at least 1 cm across, in agree- rope. More information can be obtained from the au- ment with Nolthenius' occultation observation re- thors or from Bohumi1 Malecek, Hvezdarna, 75701 Val- ported in o.n. 3 (4), 86. He concluded that the asske Mezirici, Czechoslovakia. best way to record an occultation by a comet would be with an image-intensified video system. Dunham THE 1984 MAY 30TH SOLAR ECLIPSE pointed out that this is also the best way to record occultations during total lunar eclipses, such as David Id. Dunham the one on 1985 May 4, when Alpha Librae (Zubenel- genubi) will be grazing along a line passing near Plans for this eclipse, including a sumiary of the Khartoum, Sudan; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; and the Sey- 1st regional coordinators' notice for the eclipse, chelles. We planned to see if a practical system were published on p. 149 of the last issue. Skies could be assembled without too high a cost. Bode were overcast along virtually the entire path in said that IOTA/ES planned an expedition to South Af- Virginia and Assateague Island. But conditions rica to observe Halley's Comet (and possible occul- hardly could have been better along the rest of the "~ tations) in early 1986. Dunham, Bode, and two other path in the U.S.A. from Louisiana to North Carolina, IOTA/ES members attended the International Halley and many observers recorded broken annularity and Watch astrometry workshop at the European Southern the surrounding partial annularity phases photo- Observatory headquarters near Munich on June 18-19; graphically and with video equipment. Many saw the Ted Bowell distributed predictions of some occulta- chromosphere briefly, and some reported muted shadow tions by comets at that meeting. bands. Harold Povenmire observed visually with his 6-inch reflector from Atlanta. He timed a few bead The May 30th eclipse was next on the agenda at Han- events, then moved all beads out of view and removed nover; see p. 163. An American-format VHS VCR and the front-end filter. He was able to observe for television set had been borrowed and were used to nearly 15 seconds before the light became too in- show Dunham's and Fiala's video records of the tense; he saw the chromosphere and innermost part of eclipse. Bode showed his spectacular series of the corona, but does not reconnend such observa- slides with details of Baily's beads. Another ser- tions, although he suffered no permanent eye damage. ies of slides taken by Bode's colleague, joe, over- Alan Fiala, U. S. Naval Observatory, and I success- exposed the beads but showed the red chromosphere fully videorecorded the eclipse from Fair Play, well. The Knudsens passed around their photoes of South Carolina. Our first impressions are that the the projected image taken in the Azores. Bode plans path may have been a little south of our prediction. to give a presentation about solar eclipse radius Observers within the predicted path in Louisiana re- measurements and the May 30th eclipse at the Astro- ported that the annulus was always broken, as seen nomische Gesellschaft meeting in the G.F.R. in early in their video records. Paul McBride, Green Forest, September. AR, who observed with Barry Simon's group along LA Highway 3127 in St. Charles Parish, watched an image The Hannover meeting concluded with a discussion (about 30 cm in diameter) projected with his lS-cm about lunar occultations, with Fiala's videotape of reflector. He said the ring "was continuous and un- the 1981 May 10th graze of Delta Cancri being a broken" at mid-eclipse, although his photograph highlight. The possibility of computing residuals showed one break. He had predicted that true annu- was discussed in light of the long delay in getting larity, with no breaks in the ring, should have oc- these results from the ILOC. Kyri1 Fabrin could use curred there for at least a couple of seconds. the Besselian elements tape which he gets each year from USNO for computing USN0-1ike total occultation Guillermo Ma11en reports that nearly 1000 stations predictions, to compute residuals also, if he can were set up near the edges of the path of true annu- obtain some official support for this work at Aal- larity in Mexico. It was cloudy at about 400 sites, borg, Denmark. Dunham noted that the Lunar Section but reports will be provided for as many as 600 of the British Astronomical Association is now com- sites. High school students manned most of the sta- puting residuals for some of their members using a tions, and many visually timed the duration of true personal computer. Europeans and others interested annularity, if there was any. Those who had no true in doing this themselves might obtain more informa- annularity were to report the number of breaks in tion from Alan E. Wells, 135 Elmdon Lane, Marston the annulus at central eclipse. Ma11en worked with Green, Birmingham 837 7DN, England. Wells also re- the Mexican department of education and the National ports the ability to compute accurate graze paths Council of Science and Technology to organize the when events are identified in the "graze nearby" massive effort. messages of the USNO total occultation predictions. I distributed a 2nd coordinators' notice on May 15. Bohumi1 Malecek has sent information about the 3rd The main pupose of that notice was to include the European Symposium on Occultation Projects. The ba- results of a recently completed analysis of observa- sic program lasts from August 30th to September 3rd, tions of the 1983 June 11th eclipse, including Alan with sessions on August 31st to September 2nd at the Fiala's and Ken Schatten's videorecord of that event Observatory, Valasske Mezirici, Czechoslovakia. which was shown at several different meetings during Topics of the meeting include predictions and obser- May. The corrections derived from the analysis were: 164
+0'.'09 ±0'.'02 to the solar radius At about the same time as the 3rd notice, I also 3 +0:'65 ±0!'03 to the lunar ecliptic longitude distributed a notice giving details of the DC-area -0:'19 ±0!'02 to the lunar ecliptic latitude National Capital Astronomers expedition plans for the eclipse, to those who planned to participate. Since the 1984 May 30 and 1983 june 11 eclipses took Our planned site was Bishop's Corner, VA, about 50 place at similar places in the earth's and moon's miles southwest of Petersburg. Alan Fiala, and some orbit, I reasoned that the corrections for the two others from USNO and out-of-town IOTA members, also eclipses would be similar, so I predicted that the planned to join this effort. We set up three op- path for the May 30th eclipse would shift 400 ±250 tions, depending on how far people were willing to meters south, measured perpendicularly to the path, travel for clear skies. Several of us left the from my nominal predictions ultimately referred morning of the 29th, aiming for Georgia or Alabama, ephemeris data and corrections implicit in Van Flan- where clear skies were predicted (NCA "Option I"). dern's OCC program, 80F version. The longitude cor- Many others, led by IOTA member Richard Taibi, rection implied that the eclipse would occur 2 ±% stayed at reserved motel rooms in South Hill, VA, 15 seconds early. The 1983 radius correction, when miles south of Bishop's Corner. Several others compared with those from other recent eclipses pub- planned to leave the Washington area the morning of lished in o.n. 3 (6), 119 (but see also p. 150 of the 30th to drive directly to Bishop's Corner. the last issue), indicates that the solar radius may Wayne Warren cancelled this effort when the weather be expanding currently. When just the form and forecast showed almost no hope of being able to merge events were used in the 1983 analysis, the ra- drive far enough to get to clear skies before the dius correction became insignificant, O':Oi ±0':04. eclipse. Since these events determine the true annularity I had distributed a one-page plot showing the path limits, I didn't expect much deviation from the ex- ~ - pected path width for the May 30th event. at 1:250,000-scale in four strips across most of Virginia. When the weather forecast became pessi- Also in the 2nd notice, some errors in the eclipse mistic for Virginia two days before the eclipse, I photography tables of Allen Seltzer's article in the plotted the path southward down to Louisiana, but May issue of Astronomy magazine were pointed out and there was no time to mail copies. In retrospect, I corrected. Pre-eclipse tests and comparison with should have asked someone to prepare these plots Kodak's formula showed that most of Seltzer's expo- earlier, in time to distribute to all coordinators sure times were about ten times smaller than they or even to publish for sale, since the 1:250,000- should have been. Some errors in my lst notice al- scale maps show nearly all roads and are about the so were corrected. The 2nd notice contained some minimum scale for being sure to be within the narrow other observing tips and noted that joseph Rao at path. Wayne Warren got copies of the important Compu-Weather in New York had made arrangements with parts of the maps for me and for Richard Taibi on radio hams along the eclipse path to distribute wea- the 28th. On the afternoon of the 29th, I left a ther information. These arrangements were broadcast copy with the AAVSO in Petersburg. Richard Fleet, in short hourly messages on MAY. We also announced from Zimbabwe, was staying in Petersburg and said the availability of a videotape presentation about that he and over a dozen others copied the maps and the eclipse which we had hurriedly prepared for As- dashed into North Carolina to observe the eclipse tronomy Day. It discussed eclipses in general; pre- successfully. Several at South Hill, using Taibi's dictions for the Maji 30th event, including Fiala's copies, did the same thing. Many others rerouted to simulation; the interesting parts of Fiala's video places and expeditions described in the 3rd coordi- record of Baily's beads near the southern limit of nators' notice, or used the maps in USNO Circular the 1983 June 11 total solar eclipse; and observa- 166, to get into the path and observe the eclipse. tional techniques, following discussions in the 1st coordinators' notice. At the end of the 2nd notice, Many called my answering machine at 301,585-0989, published in the May issue of Sky and Telescope, tO prediction information was given for the Azores and . Morocco. track us down or to get the latest weather forecast. I thank Joseph Rao and others at Compu-Weather for A 3rd coordinators' notice was distributed on May providing these good forecasts. Although I was able 23rd. It included information provided by Joe Rao to update the message on the answering machine from about the ham radio net, am and fm standard-broad- remote telephones, I was not able to retrieve mes- cast stations near the eclipse path which planned to sages. This is because many of those who called carry the special Compu-Weather eclipse forecasts, listened to the entire message and stayed on the and other possible sources of weather information. line, not hanging up until after the beep signalling But its main purpose was to give an extensive list the start for them to record a message had sounded. of telephone numbers of local coordinators, and ex- At one point on the 30th, I tried to retrieve the pedition meeting times and places. I thank all co- messages, but gave up after listening to hang-up ordinators for providing me with all this informa- clicks for many minutes, getting a few messages, the tion in time for distribution. last of which was at 2 pm on the 29th. Long-dis- tance calls are too expensive to wait so long. Next During the afternoon of May 27th, we had an equip- time, I will ask (in the outgoing message) those on- ment check-out gathering and party at our home in ly interested in hearing the outgoing message to Silver Spring, MD. About 30 attended, including a hang up before the beep. crew from CBS News from New York City who wanted to get some TV footage of astronomers preparing for the We stayed the night of the 29th in Greenville, SC. eclipse and a demonstration of safe ways to view the On the morning of the 30th, we met several others at eclipse (we recomnended and showed projection with the Physics Department at Furman University. We es- binoculars). Some of the shots were shown on the pecially thank Dr. Taylor, chairman of the Physics CBS television national news broadcast the evening Department, for letting us copy maps and make long- of the 29th and the morning of the 30th. distance phone calls for the final arrangements. "¶
165
There were still quite a few clouds, which the local the eclipse, I recomended this by phone to a couple forecaster said probably would dissipate by eclipse of the regional coordinators, but at that point time. But he recomended going about 40 miles far- there was not enough time to combine video forces. ther west to ensure clear skies. We ended up going An adjustment like this is much easier when record- to the home of Sandy Reidhead, at the south edge of ing a projected image than direct methods, so I the broken annularity zone at Fair Play, SC, near recomend using a projected image for future video the Georgia border. Altogether, there were 16 there solar eclipse work. As far as I know, all video who had left the DC area on the 29th, including Hans records of the May 30th eclipse show the full disk, Bode, leader of the European Section of IOTA in Han- at least during the annular phases of the eclipse. newer, German Federal Republic, and Richard Nolthen- Photographs generally have better resolution than ius, Los Angeles, CA. Among several others who had video, so we are interested in comparison between trave11ed separately to Fair Play were Robert El- the two techniques, especially 16-rmn movies and 35- liot, Univ. of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, and Bob Mel- mi stills with motorized backs. I know of very few vin, the regional coordinator for the Carolinas. We successful photographic records in these two catego- observed from four sites spread across the broken ries. Scott Shaw informed me that a good 16-m mov- annularity zone, the southernmost being at the Reid- ie was made by University of Georgia personnel. head residence, After the eclipse, the Reidheads Hans Bode at our site obtained a spectacular series gave an impromptu but lavish party, during which Fl- of 35-m slides at half-second intervals; he says ak and I showed our videotapes of the eclipse on that one of these will be published on the cover of their video projection system. Stern und Weltraum. Dr. N. P. Wieth-knudsen and his wife obtained some good photographs of a projected The group from Furman University successfully ob- image of the annulus at Praia dc Vitoria, Terceira, served the eclipse from Easley, a few miles west of Azores. Many Germans and other Europeans attempted Greenville. Joseph Rao and Irving Price, an NCA observations in Morocco, but clouds foiled most of member, saw the eclipse at a school on the northeast these efforts. side of Greenville. During the hour before the eclipse, the clouds also departed along most of the Reporting Observations and Analysis. The first path across North Carolina. Leroy Doggett and some thing we want to do is collect copies of all the others from USNO found about 15 amateurs, mostly successful video and photographic records of the from Raleigh, at the end of a dirt road near Hyco eclipse, to see which methods recorded the most bead Lake a few miles south of the Virginia Border north- detail. If you have some good shots, please send a west of Roxboro, NC. Although there were clouds copy either to me at P.0. Box 7488, Silver Spring, around the horizon, the sun was in the clear at cen- MD 20907, or to Dr. Alan Fiala, U.S. Naval Observa- tral eclipse. That's the northeasternmost group tory, Washington, DC 20390. Late in August, we will which saw annularity, as far as I know. It was make a videotape showing the central one or two min- still cloudy at Bishop's Corner, only about 40 miles utes of every video record of the eclipse which we away. have received, and if practical, some zoom shots of the best photographic material to show detail. We Alan Fiala used a filtered lens with an effective can make video records of slides and movies by pro- focal length of 600 m to obtain a direct videorec- jecting them on the translucent screen we used for Gird of the eclipse;" Carl and Marie Lukac assisted projecting the eclipse (we did that for the eclipse him. I videorecorded a transmitted image projected demonstration video record for Astronomy Day men- onto a translucent screen with a S-inch Schmidt- tioned above and in the 2nd coordinators' notice). Cass; joe Mack assisted. Our records show the bead We will send copies of this to all who send us vide- phenomena about equally well; we both used RCA Ul- otapes; they can copy and further distribute it. In tricon low light level video cameras. But my video general, we will return the videotapes sent to us, record does not show the chromosphere and some of with a copy of all the records recorded either ~- the finer bead detail which I could see visually on starting at the beginning over the record you sent the projection screen. The records of bead disap- us, or starting at the end of your record, whichever pearances and reappearances should be quite useful, you prefer. we will try to set up a schedule so but this might not be the case for form and merge that those submitting only photographic material events due to blooming and irradiation. We also will also have an opportunity to see the videotape made a super-8 movie of our projected image, but it of all the observations. We will either return the was of poor quality compared with the video record. photographic copies sent to us, or buy outstanding Fiala watched the eclipse coverage by all the major ones. We are especially interested in good B-mm and networks on the news that evening, and none of them 16-nn movies. ' showed as much detail as our records. This may be due to their insistence on using color cameras, After we see the material, we will select the better which might not have the dynamic range of the Ultri- records for detailed analysis. Location also will con black-and-white camera. The Cable News Network be considered. Valuable unique records were ob- got the best network record, with a quality compara- tained at Clemson University, SC; Fernbank Science ble to our record. Center, GA; and perhaps other places which were out- side the zone of broken annularity (where everyone In retrospect, those who videorecorded the eclipse with portable equipment went) but within the region should have made an effort to combine forces, so of partial annularity. It took me nearly a week's that four cameras could record four separate arcs, effort to analyze nearly all of the 1983 june solar about 100° long each, of the annulus. This would eclipse Baily's beads data, and each video record of have shown smaller beads and given more detail, as the May 30th eclipse has as much, and maybe more, noted during the 1983 total eclipse in the 2nd coor- data! The observers will need to help us a great dinators' notice (during a total eclipse, the beads deal in order for their data to be analyzed. We are confined to a shrinking crescent, on which the will provide blowups of the predicted lunar profile, cameraman can concentrate). A couple of days before such that the Watts angle (position angle measured 166
0 relative to the lunar axis of rotation) of each pre- toelectrica11y at Agassiz Station, MA; the trace is dicted mountaintop and valley bottom can be read to published in Astron. j. 89 (2), 287. K. Aksnes et the 0?2 resolution of Watts' limb data (this might al. discuss the observation in an appendix: "The not be done until late July or August). Observers purpose of this note is . .. to record (as a sort can match this with their most central picture to of warning) a single instance of the observation of determine which beads they recorded. The times of a secondary event, associated with a predicted oc- individual bead events can then be determined by cultation, which had, by chance, a clear and nonas- comparison of the most central view with preceding tronomical origin." The plot shows two distinct and following views. For video records, we can help drops in the combined light of the satellites. "The by superimposing a count of seconds and hundredths second minimum whose midtime occurs about 90 seconds from a known epoch, if you have WklV on the audio before the predicted time corresponds to an occulta- channel. We will need from you the coordinates of tion of S4 (Dione) by S5 (Rhea). The earlier mini- your observing site measured from a 1:24,000-scale mum is the anomalous one and might have remained a USGS map (Dr. Fiala has most of them, if you want to mystery but for the nearby presence of the 16-day- borrow his copy of the one showing your site rather old moon. Sky conditions were generally good, than buy one from USGS or a local map dealer) and though a very thin, diminishing cirrus layer was bead times and identifications. Remember to report visible in the moonlight. Also visible to the ob- the height above sea level, as well as the longitude server was a faint discrete feature whose length and and latitude. The three coordinates should be given narrow fuzzy width suggested that it had originated to an accuracy of 20 feet, or 0'2 in longitude and as a persistent contrail from a jet aircraft. The latitude. The bead events should be identified passage of this extended linear feature over Saturn (disappearance, reappearance, form, and merge), the corresponded in midtime and duration to the first U.T. given to 0.1 second, and the Watts angle speci- dip on the plot. In the absence of moonlight, this ~ ~ fied to 0?2. The time scale for the analysis will definite identification would not have been possible." be very long, since both Flak and I postponed sev- eral important projects to prepare for the eclipse, (114) Kassandra and SAD 95572, 1983 February 14: No and these and these now are demanding our attention. occultation was observed with the 104-cm telescope I will not undertake a complete analysis of the of Uttar Pradesh State Observatory in Naini Ta1, In- eclipse data until after I have completed the analy- dia, according to H. S. Mahra. sis of observations of last year's occultations by Pa11as and Nemausa, and formal papers giving the re- (511) Davida and sad 162050, 1983 February 28: No sults have been submitted for publication. I hope occultation was seen by M. Clark at Mt. john, New to analyze some of the May 30th data in time for the Zealand, according to Circular C83/9 of'the Occulta- total eclipse in November, and perhaps in time for tion Section of the Royal Astronomical Society of Hans Bode's presentation about eclipse radius mea- New Zealand. surements at a meeting of the Astronomische Gese11- schaft in the German Federal Republic in September. Uranus and A.C. -21° 64352, 1983 March 3: A short, I am sorry that we can't respond more quickly to the almost grazing occultation of the star by Uranus' many reports we are receiving. Epsilon Ring was recorded photoelectrically at Perth Observatory, Western Australia. If.you trave11ed to the path of annularity intending to obtain timed visual, photographic, or video rec- (137) Meliboea and B.D. +3° 2001, 1983 March 6: No ords of Baily's beads, your travel expenses for the occultation occurred at Naini Ta1, India. eclipse were effectively a donation to IOTA and can be deducted from your income when computing your Umbriel and A.C. -21° 64352, 1983 March 25: The 1984 U.S. income tax. This is true even if you are relative positions of the star and Uranus were deter- not a member of IOTA. Keep records of your expens- mined accurately from the Perth observations of the es. At about the time we distribute the videotapes March 3rd occultation of the same star by the Epsilon with all the observations, we will distribute forms Ring. An improved orbit for Umbriel about Uranus (not yet prepared) for reporting your expenses. was derived at CERGA, Grasse, France, using observa- These forms should be completed and sent to IOTA tions made in France and at the European Southern treasurer H. F. DaBo11, who will validate each form Observatory in Chile. The revised predicted path by signing his initials and returning it to the crossed southeasternAustralia, similar to the origi- sender. nal prediction shown in o.n. 3 (3), 62. Paul Maley traveled to Australia to observe the event, but had Many thanks to all of you who responded to our ap- no occultation at a site several miles west of Can- peal for observations of Baily's beads during the berra. No occultation also occurred at Brisbane and May 30th eclipse. Perth; clouds prevented observation from Victoria and eastern New South Wales. During the trip, Maley OBSERVATIONS OF ASTEROIDAL APPULSES AND OCCULTATIONS also visited New Zealand and New Guinea, where he was able to make preliminary arrangements and im- David KL Dunham portant local contacts for IOTA's expedition for the total solar eclipse next November. [Continued from o.n. 3 (7), 149] (2) Pallas and SAD 104460, 1983 March 28: Lionel Accounts of individual events are given below; they Hussey, observing with a 20-cm Schmidt-Cass at are reasonably comprehensive only during the later Christchurch, New Zealand, timed a 052 occultation part of 1983. Clouded out attempts usually are not starting at U.T. 16h 36m 2152. It is very unlikely included in the accounts. that such a short event would be caused by Pa11as itself. Hussey estimates that the possibility of Dione and Rhea, 1980 March 3: This mutual occulta- the one-magnitude drop being spurious was about 40%. tion involving Saturn's satellites was recorded pho- "
167
(2) Pallas and sad 104751, 1983 May 4: The occulta- (45) Eugenia and SAD 162357, August 6: P. I. Van 'V tion was observed at Kazan, U.S.S.R., as noted in Blomnestein timed a jsQ occultation beginning at o.n. 3 (6). 114. Marco Cavagna reports that no oc- u.t. 19h jm 4154, with 056 p.e. applied, in Kimber- cultation was seen from two sites in Milan, Italy. ley, South Africa, at longitude 24° 47' 59!'9 E., latitude -28° 44' 20!'0, height 1206 m. Using an 11- (65) Cybele and Lowell 680214, 1983 May S: jan cm reflector, he noted that observing conditions Hers, observing with a 14-inch Schmidt-Cass at were good and that the event did not resemble the Sedgefield, South Africa, long. 22?7960 E., Lat. momentary dinning usually associated with poor see- -34?0121, height 10 M, reported that the star disap- ing. The disappearance and reappearance were almost peared at U.T. lh 1Om 5059 ±055 ("may be a little instantaneous and 11th-mag. Eugenia remained visible late") and reappeared at jh jjm 0257 ±053 (quite during the occultation. No occultation was seen at sudden and distinct"). A "very uncertain, maybe at- Grahamstown and Johannesburg. mospheric" 153 brightening started 158 after the disappearance. The sky was completely clear, but (712) Boliviana and SAD 159867, August 13: No oc- proximity of the moon and very poor seeing made ob- cultation occurred at E. Doncaster and Mt. Eliza, serving difficult. The observed duration is half Victoria, and at Bundaberg, Queensland, all in Aus- the predicted central duration of 24 seconds. tralia.
(71) Niobe and SAD 117178, May 6, 1983: Jim Hale, (81) Terpsichore and SAD 183178, August 20: No oc- jasper, AR, saw no occultation, as expected from cultation occurred at Bulawayo and Harare, Zimbabwe, Lick astrometry mentioned in o.n. 3 (S), 104. and at Durban, Johannesburg, Pietermaritzburg, Pre- toria, Sedgefield, and Sutherland, South Africa. (159) Aemilia and SAD 163629, 1983 july IS: No oc- cultation occurred at Bulawayo and Harare, Zimbabwe; (909) Ulla and SAD 129717, September 4: Photoelec- and at Cape Town, Durban, Grahamstown, Johannesburg, tric observation with the Indian Institute of Astro- and Kempton park, South Africa, according to a sum- physics' 40-inch reflector showed no occultation at mary supplied by M. D. Overbeek. Kavalur, according to J. C. Bhattacharyya.
(SOB) Princetonia and SAD 213361, july 19: No oc- Neptune and KMN 31, September 12: This occultation cultation occurred at Bulawayo and Harare, Zimbabwe, was recorded photoelectrically with the 104-cm tele- and johannesburg, South Africa. scope at Naini Ta1, India, according to H. S. Mahra.
(45) Eugenia and SAD 162591, july 23: P. Raw saw no (94) Aurora and SAD 183331, September 13: . Peter An- occultation at E. Doncaster, Victoria, Australia, derson, Brisbane, Australia, saw a possible drop to according to Circular C84/3 of the Occultation Sec- 75% brightness for about 15 seconds (twice the pre- tion of the Royal Astronomical 'Society of New Zealand. dicted duration) with a slower recovery at gh Om U.T., although a similar dimming had been seen with (185) Eunike and SAD 101045, july 23: No occulta- a wispy cloud a few minutes earlier. tion occurred at Manerbio, Italy; Casinos, Spain; La Seyne-sur-Mer, Carnia1, and Vars-les-Elaux, France; (259) Aletheia and SAD 77803, September 14: Luiz and at Dourbes, Belgium, according to reports sent Augusto L. Silva saw no occultation at Porto Alegre, by R. Boninsegna, Dourbes, Belgium, and the Club An- R.S., Brazil. tares Observatory. (120) Lachesis and SAD 185970, October I: No occul- (511) Davida and Hyderabad A.C. -22° 76308, August tation occurred at Johannesburg, South Africa. i: Robert Price, Cootamundra, N.S.ld., Australia, reported a dimming of the star for 8 seconds start- ClO) Hygiea and SAD 183401, October 8: Peter. Ander- ing at U.T. 8h 33m 51'. He felt that this was pos- son, Brisbane, Australia, saw a "definite" occulta- . sibly due to thin cloud, although nearby stars tion lasting 657 starting at 9h 47m 4853 U.T. He seemed unaffected. No Occultation was seen at Bris- described the thrill this event gave him as being bane and Bundaberg, Queensland. Glenn Evans, Ox- very similar to when Australia II won the Americas' ford, New Zealand, noted two possible one-magnitude Cup yacht race. No occultation occurred farther brightness drops, one for 052 and the other for south in Australia, at Queenscliff and Gymea, New about a minute, but felt that they could be atmos- South Wales, and at kl. Footscray and Glen Waverley, pheric. Victoria.
(336) Lacadiera and SAD 127446, August 3: No occul- (55) Pandora and B.D. +20° 2365, October 14: No oc- tation occurred at Vilanova, Spain, according to a cultation occurred at Paris, France, and Brussels, sumnary published by the Agrupacion Astronomica dc Belgium. Sabade11 in Astrum, #55 (1984 March), p. 25. (159) Aemilia and SAD 188979, October 27: No occul- (40) Harmonia and SAD 188145, August 3: No occulta- tation occurred at Naini Ta1, India. tion occurred at La Seyne-sur-Mer, France. (532) Herculina and SAD 187978, November 19: Last- (206) Hersilia and SAD 146454, August 3: No occul- minute astrometry by j. Chums at Cape Observatory, tation occurred at La Seyne-sur-Mer and Janvi11e, South Africa, indicated that this occultation would France, and at Furfooz, Koksijde, and Hove, Belgium. pass over the Cape Coast, according to my calcula- tions, relayed to M. D. Overbeek. Low altitude and (78) Diana and SAD 188283, August 6: No occultation clouds prevented any observations from being made. occurred at Grahamstown, Johannesburg, and Nigel, South Africa. (6) Hebe and SAD 187870, November 20: No occulta- tion occurred at KL Footscray and Bendigo, Victoria, 168
: Australia. a secondary net for us, the occultation probably would have been well observed." Penhallow had taken (545) Messalina and SAD 128200, November 24: No oc- and measured a plate of the star field, but there cultation occurred at Naini Ta1, India. weren't enough of his secondary stars for reducing the narrow-field U.S.N.O. plates. Taylor's plates (208) Lacrimosa and SAD 78799, December 14: No oc- cover a larger area, allowing more AGK3 stars to be cultation occurred at johannesburg and Pretoria, used for the plate reduction, which reduces the er- South Africa, and at Barcelona and Sabade11, Spain. ror in the prediction by reducing the effects of in- dividual catalog star position errors: (849) Ara and SAD 113068, December 16: No occulta- tion occurred at Como, W.A.; Bendigo, Vic.; and (165) Loreley and B.D. +29° 1206, january 20: No Brisbane, Old., all in Australia; and at Whangarei, occultation occurred at Naini Ta1, India. New Zealand. (46) Hestia and SAD 118733, january 29: No occulta- (62) Erato and SAD 118937, December 25: No occulta- tion occurred at La Seyne, So11ies-Pont, and Hyeres, tion occurred at Barcelona and Sabade11, Spain. France, and at Milan, Italy.
(140) Siwa and B.D. +21° 812, December 25: No oc- (9) Metis and SAD 119464, February 19: j. Lecacheux, cultation occurred at Brisbane, Australia. Meudon, sent me telegrams with observations of these objects made with the photoelectric Bordeaux transit (27) Euterpe and B.D. +5° 2507, 1983 December 26: telescope on February 11, 13, 14, 15, and 16. I No occultation occurred at Naini Ta1, India. computed a path shift of 0!'34 south ±0!'06 and tele- phoned the result to Hans Bode, while Wayne Warren ~ — (194) Prokne and SAD 117122, 1984 january 20: As sent it by telex to Lecacheux and L. Kristensen in noted in o.n. 3 (6), 132, Lick Observatory exposures Denmark. Kristensen reports that five Danish ob- in early November implied a 0':26 ±0':3 south shift. servers timed the occultation, with durations rang- Three exposures were taken with the 6I-inch U.S.N.O. ing from 2.4 to 26 seconds. The event also was astrometric reflector at Flagstaff, AZ. Unfortu- timed by at least two observers in northern German nately, Klemola was attending a meeting in Florida Federal Republic. The northern limit was determined at the time and was unable to provide secondary ref- by miss observations north of Copenhagen, while the erence star positions. The Flagstaff exposures were southern limit must have passed just north of Ham- reduced using 7 AGK3 stars, giving shift values of burg, where no occultation also occurred. The actu- 0'.'77, 0!'70, and 0!'74, all north. This large north al path was within 0:'02 of what I predicted using shift indicated that the path would cross New York the Bordeaux data. and southern New England, so several observers were notified on short notice, and three of us trave11ed (175) Andromache and SAD 80634, February 26: No oc- from the Washington, DC, area to central Connecticut cultation occurred at Mt. john, Wellington, and to observe it. Several observers bracketed the path Palmerstown North, New Zealand; E. Doncaster, Vic- well, and in spite of bright moonlight and tempera- toria; and Bickley, Western Australia. ture near -15° C., most were able to follow the star and none saw an occultation. The observers were at (241) Germania and Sigma Scorpii, March 4: Klemola Wallace Observatory and Sudbury, MA; Quonochontaug, measured secondary reference stars for this event R.I.; Glastonbury, Wa11ingford, New Haven, and Stam- from an old Lick Observatory plate. Wayne Warren ford, CT; Hartung-Boothroyd Observatory, Ithaca, and sent them by telex to David Herald in Australia and Cortland, NY; and Westfield, NJ. Cirrus prevented joe Chums at Cape Observatory, South Africa. The effective observation from the Washington, DC, area. "last-minute" plates taken for this event hopelessly A few no-occultation observations were made farther overexposed the star, in spite of diffraction grat- south, at Concord, NC; Burns, TN; Clinton and jack- ings, but at least we hoped to update the asteroid. ~~- son, MS; and Mountain View, CA. Roger Harvey, ob- March 1 exposures at Perth 0bse"rvatory gave a path serving with a 20-inch telescope at Concord, NG, saw shift of 0!'9 south ±0!'3, but larger errors were pos- Prokne approach, merge, and again separate from the sible since Germania was just at the edge of the star, and estimates from the position angles of secondary reference star coverage. In the telex merge "disappearance" and "reappearance" that the as- which Warren sent to potential observers, we cau- teroid passed well south of the star. This is in tioned that the true path might be near the nominal agreement with a prediction by Gordon Taylor based path. joe Chums telephoned me a few hours before on Royal Greenwich Observatory plates taken on jan. the occultation with measurements of a plate he had 16, which indicated a path near 0:'4 south, passing taken only about 10 hours before; a second plate near Houston, TX; Flagstaff, AZ; and Sacramento, CA, with a spot filter centered on the star was useless with an uncertainty of "±1.5 path widths." Taylor's because Germania was also behind the spot. This in- telex giving this prediction was delivered to Wayne dicated a path O:'i south, which I telegramed to ob- Warren three days after the event, underscoring the servers in Japan, the Philippines, China, and the need for last-minute telex or telegram messages to U.S.S.R. No occultation occurred at Dodaira, japan; start with: "Urgent - Please telephone (number)." Dagupan and Quezon City, Philippines; and at Naini Unfortunately, no observations near Taylor's path Ta1, India. have been reported; more North American observers should monitor appulses closer than 1!'5 or 2", re- (27) Euterpe and SAD 118750, March 13: Penha]1ow gardless of the prediction. Robert Mi11is wrote, obtained three exposures on March 10. When reduced "We knew the distribution of AGK stars on the with secondary star positions supplied by Klemola U.S.N.O. plate was far from optimum. However, we which he measured from an old Lick plate, I predict- could either use them, or do nothing. This whole ed a shift of mo ±0!'10 south, putting the path over fiasco points out the need for additional competent populous parts of Newfoundland. I telephoned Ran- astrometric help. Had Klemola been able to measure dolph Joyce in St. john's; he later reported that "4
" 169
/1Q . 0 ISO' )EKT I . -|50' V clouds and snow prevented observation. ~
.,,41(" ' . . , -- --": "=-""\1985iv ,L / -ill JUNO8 °:- Halley's Comet and anonymous A.C. star, March 14: f' ·':P 2 ,
Observations of the comet reported on I.A.U. Circu- O. 0 :' µh "eb- lar 3914 indicated a 1!'3 north shift from my ephem- b 13h ,e ,Z' ·0. eris. But kiemoia's measurements of two 1983 plates ,,0 ,,7'i indicated that the star's right ascension was now about 10" greater than the A.C. value, showing that ,e 3 i , . · ' 1 " ~ 7' b." the path would miss the earth's surface. b t "°' lj s ""' (9) Metis and B.D. +8° 2579, March 15: Observations -- 9 7 '0 - with the Bordeaux transit telescope on five nights \ \ ,r t60' 030" J' -30"\ -60" showed a 1:33 north shift, causing the path to miss the earth's surface by 1!'1. Lecacheux identified the star as being in the AGK3. 4 g'"' - '"°' '""yy,1985 VIII:¥\14:"\,," %:}m§iFi ClO) Hygiea and SAD 163443, March 26: No occulta- ,± '" ' ,,$ - " " "3 ce55> g J / — JUNO /"°' tion occurred at Naini Ta1, India. :: ': , i' 'S;"J ;j: . ?,0 i ji%s%" " ,- ;y'" r " ' 1 d (201) Penelope and SAD 162170, March 27: Astromet- ric attempts were all cloded out. No occultation :\",, ,n,, '¥2.' "I'" '" occurred in the Miami, FL, area, and probably also 1"/" f ·, 'Q ' " k e jr gt^" ~ 5" - I "'1"A· ' I w,.',--?;'." . , tD] . \ . '\ \,/" - ' in Silver Spring, MD, where thin cloud was just mov- _':m '?9 _-s gllC ing in.
(ii) Parthenope and B.D. +6° 2571, March 31: Bor- deaux transit observations on eight nights from Feb. I +%" 'I ·0" + D' '18O'U_ '-m -ISO"" "": I?fj, go"' 29 to March 17 showed increasing residuals in R.A. when reduced with an ephemeris computed from Her- get's orbital elements, but no such trend when EMP ;jG (i"jt'<"('"iI) :3 1980 elements were used. The prediction based on the observations was almost exactly the same as the "":" '"' 7 _/ m Y" " \' EMP 1980 path shown in o.n. 3 (6), 145. Warren sent 1 1 % _ ~^,: "\ Y,,, ' _ "'7 a telex with this prediction to observatories in ja- : 3' t j",.; , pan, China, and the U.S.S.R. . LUNAR OCCULTATIONS OF PLANETS '' 'U9i¥" -I. . "">~"/i- ' '
t U:X CERES "" The maps showing the regions of visibility of lunar " °' ( ' j """ ° ' - _ -20' occultations by planets are reprinted by permission, from the japanese ephemeris for 1985, published by +· :)'_ _ +1 O'";>~ 'I -0 I 0'"" "-J:JO'" " -I 29" "" -go"" the Hydrographic Department of the Maritime Safety Agency of Japan. In region 1, only the reappearance is visible; in region 3, only disappearance may be seen. Reappearance occurs at sunset along a dashed "0'T"'t ""i ,"C="",,,R,,o,:""">·,4"%'- 40i 1?>'°'Y;'t j!-, "")" ,,, ' D curve, while disappearance is at sunrise along a "Bj t "- " 4 .. ' _ : i ' " '" ."' .,/ curve of alternating dots and dashes. We have added a legend to each map indicating the phase of the moon at the time of the event. e~ _ __ " 2 '%. ~1985 X ]5 , " Observers interested in observing partial occuita- 6n ^< 'g,~ " gJ, -^. : _ * £ MERCURY. 2 % + , tions should request predictions at least three . 1 7;j' ¥Ra·b'\ ,g- months in advance, from Joseph Senne; P.0. Box 643; -8¶ 0 :)""' " +cF)'" " a·'0" "" 30' Ro11a, MO 65401; U.S.A.; telephone 314,364-6233.
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"~1'" " "R PLANETARY OCCULTATIONS DURING 1984 E'T (> d ' " \ [The remainder of this issue is a continuation of 2 G " al tn d S * Cb _- njCJ P-H the article "Planetary Occultations During 1984," by ·r LI " Q X David Dunham, which began in o.n. 3 (6), pp. 119- F 146, and was continued in o.n. 3 (7), pp. 151-156. % X ' ° " " SS < (D 'I World maps are by Mitsuru SOma. Regional maps and d L2 , * CJ P- finder charts are by David Dunham.] < _K e ¶" ljj " P- \ -X · '" " 2 i IE \ \ " in < \\ + %" C, F ujCT) — g Jr " · 0 ' e" ~7 E — a ,J, 6' .4/'(9 . CC'. qIF, "° I "0 C A t " '1 "m m'S " 0 8 CJ ·r 4 \ . m
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.f / X i T K Br / * — , / ," " " , ,j« , " /"~ U _ C) % // \ D * ' ,r / ' S" .F CJ I I)) ): ,/ J ,9· ,/ *' '"e , _ ' ° Z,' , ' µ ephemeris source = Erip 1982 " ", :>" " - / "m" 25 — 'S' C\" ', " /' 1984 g 2 ('7q7) WINCHESTER BD " 4' 978 % \ \ / r~_ . ~ " S O 9/ .' . I , ' ./ y U' / ·. J d' F I o.y D Z I · / 6' O . tn tn ' K z' z z ~ gu U-l in tn tn (s) " in un ,,S\ III I (= " D E 2 3 a " O I OI me-4-jcj IQcjjo|cj' 'D r "CJ ¶cj' " ""YI -100° -90 -80 -70 -ED" I i '""" " k %n in in 'T In k T LONGI TUDE
_J I F 171 1984 9 IS (6) FEBE "D" ON FINDER CHART t · " 'AL.,,. .. . , %p DIAMETER 186 KM = CC 13 e) e) d" D " e% '' , .0 8 " . EO"gurjumosn.... 55" 0" E) < i . ' ' ""' " J u \ \ ¥) e E, %~ " . : .· ··;' ·" "·'1'· P 0D Ii \ * ' G) £ g" ·e E'tUj oe· Eh El " . "n~i . ·' ' '""""" ' 0. S \ \ X €)EJ El ·4 # ? ° " · ..r·""' · :' ' '"",,,' \'\ ,"* '\,\\ " \, b £ D" "^ « 0 tsj " O T:.·· i: . "·," . .,1··" ' ' o.q0. 'q 'e \, \\ " -t €K CD ' ' ' ,· · ,,...··"""" \ P '\" - \ \ ":J 'Ee) " E) EI D - : EX · Z_ i. ., · ( ,. " , \ "W \ \ E) €) e E) @ ujZ Z _ 2. "-..,,., ,... . 0.6Cl. 6 S * \ C® g « EE) a E) _ CD " ·J 0 · 0H, W . -...... ·"" : Q5 \ , 1'C's " \\ , |* E)l%, C, E) " G ° ' " ' ' .0".0 ; " ° ' ,.,, ,,,:. jZY., -",,,, : · "i0 ' ,. 0 T 0·8 S ,\ I " 8 "" ' 'O · 0 " ' \"3 \ L_Z * I 'L ' " ·,¥ ' 1// AeS) '€J E) tiE " a." " , ·..¢·0 I \" \3 \ ,J ' \ * ? "" /uj ' , , +.0 S \ "C \3* \:]C\ji ,* \{°3,iro3 t * ,j; ,** " ° cv ·r ""' " U'b cc 0 ¢3 , +.0 S \ "" * j; N . W, m, Gya O It, ©uj . E Q " · * \ ^3 "m "~" \ ~ ? "' ' * 1'\'i? '"\ _I I, , " ,2-" " " ' . " ' ' fS t E 35 T.a S ·, \,,X ," \\ * " ""-J ' / E i T,a S ,,\\,,X : \\ * " ""-L u 4, \' "g : * g " El @ Q) €b e Dc) " " " ' 0 " :.C,A, Tr a!T I · ' CE)0 8 :m" 8 OE)6" "2 t%D :"""" ' 0 El V\': . :':'jj,n""' ":" ,.ij:,, ' :itX ,1j'," ,:':' ,*, ', ',, :,%^b Z,iai::t! s: " : ,"":° :' }"',,:: %,. m,, _,,0 moo 90 !80" 3:b :°,:i%°s nz 2 4 EM " ;"", U " E .e; = i; LONGITUDE E"") %O "E) (S:E) " E) :~ e' "qjdr'" " €' %'" E) " 8- N? Sa ~ ^ EPHEPERIS SOURCE = BRANHAM ,p eEFe' E) " e q ¢9e cv ,£) , " EI 0 , e E)" " a 6 M A°g"oijE" t! €),/,:M :"e)\",5,:: 0 8 U ~ 0 cn O · ., D D 0 " %) D " In ° °) 0 / CI I CD 0 6 ¶Gb 'ni" 0 C IS) _ CV Cv~ _0cyj / _ I O w v 0 D D €) © E) D El O W T T ;\ °0)+ &~ "E)g e 8 " C) D' E) °€) " "El€jE) F_UJuj / '" ° \ Y" % °EJ €) "" Lu , d " '\ * D E) _r( % E) e Z ' " \ E, "': ; ':i"k:e 'i ;: .A:"?t::;:'"t": . i j;""'c : a i ;':!"i* ';:'f:,u "EJ, :,, k g ": < 'R'te," " :! 'b"u : E)Ej ,4 , IE) ·10 w €) ,,E) %) e ,^ , S2 zd|:m , ." % "y i:"" %" 3" : i a; q :: k" :: u W CL Ln'jj YDrO m 0 " — Ct) uj Q ' " o · ~ m p- " m CJ ~ rm S €) €1 E) D 0 u, ~ __ x v, ~~. e&q" "b¶:: Ugg": ° "% ,:EJ: j? =: "'a:,> ";"l:; 0 : ", !v ;,e, : :""sS:k £ s , '": q % " ° ":j a ! :d" "g"" ?y |:i?3— m i 6'd(ae" &"" e'e 0@a 8,)""eM" ° @ "'D""= t ? " +" i? 0 " ° '" :0 .m 12 3°~ E) " gkg" Cj jS1E%t't gO " <·;£':·0 O n4 ;"°E) " D €) E) E' ,%b ¶2 ' ' ""? .";·.·¢' . ., €0@ ," = a,m\o cn" m:,s x>SX 'm i 6: ." ·' ! t ' ' , ' '"'.' """i""! olj !A"e| 0 O , O (D CT) 0 0 0 ·. " 2 . , O ° 0 ~ " a"D" COO °'; EW " " ,2© ' Lu " " , · 0' ° " D ,,(' j " % / E % ,:8,% €) '"2'\ ° 6 "" : '¥ Q , E' E) L U lb, S EE) 0 'O " 0 'GS q, Cl · ,J F E) O €) VJ a CD ie W " LO " ~1 FM G ° " E) > a O C\J ~W E) 'D "0 La " 0 €) " E) " i "="°u' g" %/p'O IE)e " " # · G,'i; · ;"b 'G CC'?. · ' " ·. "i Y.E) ^ b,,EJ E)" S"--" g tCE , , , ,-_ 2© Sa i EX ' 8) " ' EI "@E # "'-. ""' " · , " €J\,"" EI iE)j EI " " ?'u " a¢ 6j ? CC,'" 0 E) " .&o S; ·. ' t " "m El 8 " = Q D E e E) uj .0 " '.. . D X E) ,*b E) _ L- O ' EE) " 't . · €) I a " ' 0 e Ell 6 " EI D - C4 ,0 ".. · E) D Eli D EI " 2 " " F H E) I) ./ D e . "..'.., . " /3m '. 0 D e " 0 -,9 EI "E)?< e)% - : > " " S) " Cd" e w?!2 . ' ;'··... S '. 0 '" , d EI E) €) a Sb E) - 2 2 " %" " ° " " ? (3 8 ,8, e, O ei" 2l_ ° · >·.,...8· . ' ' '" · : aq$g e, · El , = a - 2 .:2 D I _E~mn(D W ' ° 0"·..,, .. , . 0 '.. O 8 8| " w~ nW E uj" O O m 0 · 0 .. CL-— In W Q © I I 0 © CD m m n CO D) · + + m CV D) 0 ~ W + + + + _ 0 " "·"^.° + + ~ CD ^ O QOJ Q)m I I t ~ 172 Oh IQ"~ ~ izRGn — --- -+ ~ du%'hZ:'a7" " "' " """ m X 0'30" V \ / · " :J 5 rr" > m h h 3 00 rr" >'. I 7 " / '" _ 'bZL" 30 'g [G ? r 00 "" " " H 0 ' Ti T 6-- m ¢0 0 0 . U I Lr~_ D Q 0 Q 0 ° 0 Q · 0[g 0 :: } -AG - 0 L , :: } t L- IU 7," 7?1 gu \ - -= :- /_ I . Anonymous by Doris 1984 Sep 1 Anonymous by Hektor 1984 Sep 1 DM +4° 978 by Winchester '84 Sep 2 JO ru..:'i? ., "~. 4 I , __ I ' -1_ _ " -m,' "P"" 0 Cl |h|lO"| " ?0 aw ° ' "7)- -- )1 -' " 4 I W " I C 0 (I D 0 0 Q Q 0 t . t Q 0 6 """"'87/" ," t ,. bO K ?h ?h ~ Bn e _ p],r- ,-: SAD 188498 b.y Dido 1984 Sep 4 Anonymous by P/Ha11ey 1984 Sep 5 Anonymous by Hebe 1984 Sep 14 2 I h m '~~ ""~. " >Y <- h cr <- I -!> ' ) ' U ,) !y:: \\\ m j3\" md0 ,\ I n "'m., m\ " 0 _ i i i So i . i 0 q 0 g) t } I q i So i - i 0 q I I 0 I " I SQ 0 QQ 0 " ' ' )) IQ " , U , ~) """ Z?'S},'S / - "7. FO 3} F: V / T °0 . le' 4 . :ii=. . Anonymous by Hebe 1984 Sep 14 Anonymous by Hebe 1984 Sep 14 Anonymous by Hebe 1984 Sep 15 ~" "" ? '2 . "" ..).N) \\ - 4 _ X 5 m . I ' S"\5"'\ "" ri_'j , % e P 3 iifi° "7° I 3 a ""' , "9 /1 _ t"" . 0""r w-p I 3 I I U i cl i 0 I . Q I U Q 0 0 I a I) I jo 0 L 0 i i 0 Q 0 0 Jb- I I- D .t - -.e..!= ""))I"-"' Anonymous by Hebe 1984 Sep 15 SAD 146599 by Aglaja 1984 Sep 16 Anonymous by Iris 1984 Sep 17 , i b 173 _ _ . . - h 5 cr r r - > ·. t" _ ' //(Z" I, " ': pi ! \,, el- ,! E " " 7'" " " " I *Q · I " , t'S\ " 10 a L K +'1 - U' L _ - . .-"F'n r-r- , ,. , jL _ ,, , ,, , , " - 't--" m : -- I _9' 0 0 0 h m a 7"~ CC] ? 0 0 U )))))" t 0 4 I )30"ii , bO ' i: / I I 0 G r " DM -01° 257 by Flora 1984 Sep 17 Anonymous by Winchester' '84 Sep 21 Anonymous by Winchester '84 Sep 23 "'"a; . .6 . m., =3 " *:::gy - )jjij' 1AM jjjj:-E '%S " ,, ,m ' - ~ ' ~-- 7 " 3 T L- . ,9 P / ' , -)' h 4 0" ,.-j:)_ - -l: ' -' :,:ll"g-\" ::"' ¶ C h m L-----" H I ='0 " _ · "' 4 A I =1 I _ I LA , ,J I) 1 Q I "Q I O i 0 S Cl 0 0 I ::: 2!" Lil 0 ID I " I) Q i: , i, g f,-jj0 "" 'Q T7' -· It ;_"W "" "" "..,, i. lh' I))")))'°°°' 't:, 'ii" " "~£ULU~ Anonymous by Winchester '84 Sep 23 DM +12° 720 by Faina 1984 Sep 23 SAD 77119 by Iris 1984 Sep 23 TL. "" c h , -,,1' i::" Q£ \, 0 ° i'iO" ALGk+ _ to i - I , ° IQ CC d . I X I)')))" " A;-i ;, "T, , h 3 " u¢f'c' " 0 . " Cl Ti "I G)" 7" 0 I 0" I - U I.,!! ' ° 0 Iq LO 0 Q j . , '" t 'a3wsE = "1 t" " ,, , , , " "z ,, j':f JO"" , - 4 ' - "" -- E%- : " ,? - 6_ "'jl')'","'!),'?'||""_ "" )1:)))j'"'°" SAD 164723 by Chicago 1984 Oct 2 DM+2°1330 by Winchester '84 Oct 15 SAD 114569 b.y Winchester 84 Nov 28 E, ",1"I rT '" m%c,$->°y%c¢,^ t ~ )'\),)),)),)),,,, I % \ / ':?:" g ":«/' ,,1'),'/'t'%)7f j·"-t\_""_\ t/j G U 3 % L ^'g=::-l'L Y ' \ " 5. ' i lj u 0 u q ·q q q 0 ',':ry ", "cN" jo' 'P"E"° 7"1 ° " \ ,,, ,)! j ! ? _ , '"0" ""I) j7\'1:r)'i):)""" r%<%, _ i i . .F 0-- X \ Anonymous by Winchester '84 Dec 22 Anonymous by Winchester '84 Dec 23 Anonymous by Winchester '84 Dec 23 1984 g 23 (S! ) PEMAUSA : 0 . , i +14° UU n . i DIAMETER 153 KM = 0:09 . , . , . - , 0 0 43 .. j " _ 9 0 a . ; 0, . " 0 0 (!6 " 8 "" ,0:2 N g " Z-^ · i 0 7 8!' 8 0 " j!L,~- .O (I) 0 CI) ° P , 0 CI) j{P(t)° "" " 42q 12?B — 0 , · ' '13 - e "" (I) 0 (I) e " (I) 6 -en :FE(kASUS 0 cP " 0 . . · . " ' ' (I) 1' 0 0 CJ '°O(jHEKT0R" L G)' (I) ,5 2.0N tt3 . 0 C) 0 (I) (I) 0 0 ° 0 0 0 O (g . . 0 ~ q " « "12 - "~.0 0 12°. 4 ~ 0 ? cj(t) (I) -r.8 N * ' '"" ' ° ~ ,s'Z,(I) (I) \ " " ~L, (I) CI) 0 " O , LI , 6 N\\ \\": · . "T - :, Cl . -- — f) 0 " " ,1 j'! II cm (I) I ~ " C) : 45 _ '\\ ' ' \ PISCES 0 ·. . 32" 30 28 26 24 22 d20" 29" 27 Oh 25" * 06 1984 SEP 1 624 HEKTOR 0 1984SEPl 624HEKTOR + 0 + I 4o o q f O _~:" "_ % " (I) (I)" ·38 (I) g\ . 0 0' ,9n " t ! :':: IS .',Q-\ t 8 ©_,. .-----" % 13 ·2 _0 0 CI) ,,(1) (I) br% X ;X ,·· ,' ,' ', E \ \ " I O % : -~""= " (I) a!b 0 " "DC!) 8 CC fT ° C'h % ° " "a":' i ) ": 35 !JP N \\ (I) 0 " " 'E (I) (I) (!)0 0 f' "13 " 0 % jjµ,s Cl) 0 C' 3,,,3,°pOR'S D "" - (I) ° ©7%57&qy(!) & 0 . :° ' "' ' ' ' ""I, "'> V' " cP 12 .8 ^ (I) ekm"'% ° ,, 0 (I) (i) ¶d ·" . W , · :" 0S%' C!);8 , ° Cl),, ° (I) 0 0,, 0 S) % (I) (I) , .. !"0 .E: " - , ,12 r 0 , 0 (I) e, (I) +36 - (I) CI' ·"", y' " . ' 0 0" - (1)° " Q) (9 '"si"" URIGA D) ° (I) 0 e' (IP 0 0 0 (I) (I) 0 @ · ,y ,;;.'" " §7,6 'A ' i2?4 _ ,,8 'CP,% 'I' (I) 'I) D DbS'8 (I) ' . ,,,%,r ' ,,-20°)(1'":-10 ,',0 I Oq LONGITUDE ,11· (9 °I I II, I,CI) P d' +35" I I ®1 '' : ' g " : , 0,' EPFEMERTS SOLRCE - KRSTKN77 S 0" 48 46 44 42 40 2h38" 47" 45 2k 43" 22" 20 IB 16 14 i25'1Q" , 'H · b ' · ' 1984SEPl 4r8 DORIS 1984SEP I 48 DORIS 19840CT21 545 KESSALINA SRO 57899 1984 9 14 (G) FEBE °A" ON FINDER 0 " ., , 0 « · 0 0 ""-... / (I) (IV qy DIAMETER 186 KP1 = 0!'13 CHART ' ° " """ ""ECF{CE(, ° ;0" ;ZS>F\1 0 0m, D ?- 0 ":0 b " © , 60 2:°0 ,N .a c7" \ D q . , " """"--... (I) ,G) i C> G- 3,0 Ij· (I) , % 0 · ' " "" 8:4 1 (I) " 0 0 ' j38 0 " ,9 " m 0 cb 0 (I) /" " " ' 0°© ~ . 0 , %" " CP ®0 " ,- (I) S , ,1! 0 CI) f 0 (I) ". . A"" : · , ,;;t ,( :3g'a ·Rg? CI) 0 ·0 (I)(I) (I) 00 0 , , : eN cEr(jS0µ 25 Ari +8 ' " % (9 g; 0 ~ % ":)::""'"(7gi", ' ' ,. V 0 0 i " L " " ° % "" e .I . 4 N \ " \ N E,0 0 '~"-~~_ (i) (If 0 , ,,, \ \ · " D I? . 0 0 , % " (9 e (I) cB ,0 0 L \ \ · " " 0 D 0 © (9 0 0 I 0 0 : 45 1·2\: \\ , \ " +7° I (I) III 0 I — m m - " 26" 24 22 20 IB 16 99'14" 23" 21 2h IT I I .0 N\ \" ,i, Z r 1984 NOV 2 48 DORIS 1984NOV2 48 DORIS T \\>S- " \, \0 : B.E3 N \a3 \:3 ,3· \\ r , 0 0 · 0)(? O 1j . , ' °" ' 't' '-A/ ' ·1 I£ ""° "~ " ' ' € · ·' . !' W , , , 0 ~ . . 5AG|TTAR|US-cy, . " . "" " ' r"".-·" 0 0 " · 0 " fj 35 0.4 n \ \ O & 0 . 0 u . · . ..,..-·"'"' e 0 0 b · ' ' 0 ...... ··' ""'""' ' 0 " .. \ "' \ ' " 29Q? 0 ' %° : ' ? 0 " "· _ _ '-"":,i "." 0yp C 0.2 N \ " 0" 0 0 ' .· 0 ------0 · 0 , 0 II 0 T!) .e ·,/d " 0 0 · ' ..'"'" 0 " 0 ,, ' . ." D \ (I) 0 0 " W . · .·' 0 , . bc . >" ' efj ' " " . b, · orr - ' e · ,.".-'", 0 · · ,,, 0:1:%7"'{ ,1_a ' ,° 3 '0 ' dp ,0 ' ' " .' 0 1· ' + 0 " -30" e I" °*' '? 1° V 0 , ' u jOJJ. 46" 44 42 40 38 36 1 834" " " p · ©6'°'"'? " " " . ,1 i <'"' -20" -10 0 IQ 20' 1984SEP4 209 DIDO SAD 188498 , LONGITUDE EPHEPERIS SOURCE - EYQAMAM 0 . " ·0' 0 . 0 : , , 0 ( ' /' '" qp J , ('" n r P 1984 9 23 (747) WINCHESTER "A" ON FINDER CHART 1984 11 2 (48) DORIS DIAMETER 208 KM = 0."16 DIAMETER 200 KM = 0."14 55" a'"i n 70o M G 4 I \ 3.4 N \ "m -~ " ' *. Nx , m___--7-_\ \ , i? N \ ^L,\ 2>"\'\, ._._ "\ = 6 j! " \ :::Lt,,,,^=r,_ _ij'; ," .:' ' 'ijc 0 \ 45 g \ · "' C) \ K L A 6 ~,7 " , q & V, \O; T 2, N < b\3 I N * " " " 4 ~~ 55 ,,e9 " \ \ :3 W I V * " 'L, _ _ '\ * " \J\Z D \ T >' D X - \ \ \ U 2. N \ A *" ,,E _: L? D \ \ \ ,\ " " "1_ _ l " ~ , " \ \t>c \ 2. 2 ' t V" '· —~-_ A ~ BE \ \ " ,jj \ E M * 35' ** R , 't \« I \ I T \ , * " · " ' \9"3 \ 2. 0 n^ : * · <, > N \ D \ \ I . 8 N * N \ M * \ \ """"4_. _ U 45 — ~ \ ' \ \ O m,, ,_!_ , ' 'j-":;_{' ^*dubkg"g= 'Ui:·AM ' D " \ * ' '%1, * E ~ X , ,4 " "'g V, \ a " 25, i"4N ,ij }< , :Kl , , , ,,, - 1 ' "S'CVy O" cy 0 , \ "" ," 'y" I _ I 25 O -1!5 -105 -95 -85 -75 -6S \ LONGITUDE ,, .2g \, \ ", &i: ° \ EPHEMERIS SOURCE = EMF' 1982 "" '? iY \ \ S q' " , " ' L \ ?oh \ \ \ ,5,3'"j' l:, j3\ |iyiy ' P.Jij cS' · % 1984 10 12 (SI) I'EMAUSA DIAMETER 153 KM - 0:'09 -20° -!0 0 ID 20 30 40 SO" 55" n"q m LONGI ME KJ i L-J'-J " \ ' <' " EPFEMERIS SOURCE = FERGET77 * ::, ', .- k m0c—l——l>r" * "·0.2 N "\ \\ b Qc y.b I W°"(J) i Ycn °'m r" C,,". "·0 " \ "Q6 i \ .D g 4 \ + \y Y \' L "' I 7. Ii)'""":ggij!,,. ' ": l M a \ y4 -" jC — A mm · \ y \, \y% cj T 3 \CP"yy ,p tr8> \ ° " I " _ . Y \ \ \ .O g " *G , 0· " S * lp4a) # ' * * :1 I "~,L, " . \<9 * '» M — T ,d **o.j S ' ru N| a ' \ \C d i:: C .b U 29 r- "CJ ~r~.J * :O Ul D Z n' S \ . ' I Ed c\ji E ~ . ~15 y : bi_"C :L ¥ , ,1 "* i " i S S 2 * ' - " " a i ,, " \ 'k \ in m 8 \ \ m \ 7K P % " 8 — . * " H " 3 t lo- \ \ 'jµ " \ " d' tn ,)*',1""N)'j,,',\' IJm S P " - ' \ <) \ a= 8 2", g ,\ : ' ^"· = -q. " O', N ;' i _120" -110 moo -90 -80 -70 -GO -SO Ik m LONGITUDE ~ -b { ~ CJ EPFEMERIS SOURCE - KRSTI\N77 O CJ'7 A 7 nl 176 -. ¶ . 3 "' "j&&°®° 8 ;"&"!" "'i " "0 C'0. '% (9° »- © 0 %,%'e) C,,,4 cl ' . . ·. . . , · .i;, V m. . ' " "t "d(!'° G) 0 3 u e ": . 0;:' " . " "' +12 - " " a, 6.4 ° ,S (I) % ."'ALHENA , " '·. . .4. . " · ' qg ¢,: Q' C) 3 Cl) 1 0" (9 " .V · " -" . (I) (b (I) 0 0A ©% ° e'g'm' # · ,. '®·1, , . ,! · Dv · 0 © % (I)3 , 0 E : 0 i ,."." " ' · 0 0 0 ? ;°°p d : 80% ""%' 9: : :"¢:Erl (. . i" : ' :, ;t """ , '·." +1 1 - ,?" &eb ¶% 6 0 4 % e' db . ..,!'% .' :"">"" ' ·: . g 0 ,S9© % ° " , #§' chdi$?C') 0" ,. "" "i ,"Z " ' " " · ' +io"; ° |R I ,· QPm" 'os ,., '$'> -,1,,9 ,' :" 31" 29TARGET 6h2?" ' "?,"' ' . ·"1 ' " 0 ' " mr 8. 26 24 "72 ZD C1" \ S TAR Not , ,. · 19840CT 6 6 HEBE IN T. V. A. · .9,?264 '1 ," ' 0 . - 1984NO 23 I P/HALLEY © 0 0 ...... ·8° U Uj ' : " ' .,g$ '; ' · ' · t' """" ' 12:4a U , , ,& Q g $"(I) ' monocErOS," · " O'RION · ... '" " ' 8 &, C " Q!)" ,=,0 " €8'%" (I)" '%'(3 S "CqSS "p ° Cl, ° ° T ' . F:"6|3.'" " ''' :."' " "" ' O; " Nor^ '"IN r S'd "P 9) ° e ° " ,, _0 0 13 g,, (i) eµ'(!) , . ' . , ." · """' "'' ....,...·" Be telcxeuse TYMA,-: " ,: '¥ b c9j oLD · (D 3 e, 0 G) ' "·' I · ·,'" '" 0A" ° 0 P '? 'D " &1 (I) ,«i'5 "C %C) 0 8,, 'A:,"..' ." "' H,, ,;: .·....""' ' " . . "' ay ":0" , "%uy:",y e Gb(I) %0° , 0 jjCJ 0 0 "° O (I) C) .·' ?X¢ . . , ., " "6 3(!) m %q), -/ @ e, '" ,i ' « .,.-' " " 0 . ' 0 0 ,, c),0&j'P'y' % b 0 0 U ·., ' ·. .) , , ,,.-"' ,, ., ,, . , 0 C' 'Q® F· ·%· g·CC : ·'¢'% (I) '0° i" " I, ° "' ° : , · ', i . " . 1 ' " % ,m£j cesg8 ,·= 0 ,5· Ci)" Q,b , , G) , , ii ' ' 0 . 0 0 ·,,.'i ,'0 " + · : , 0 " " {p m0 0° F,R0 "kE 34" 32 30 28 26 24 6k2r ' · ." , ,1 . ' \ : 26" 19840CT6 6 HEBE -' _ , 0 , 24 6h 22" '6' 8 ^\m, " r 1984NOV23 I P/HALLEY _u· µ O gc$0(!)0 (i) 0 ueu 0 T 0"° 0 % , ": ° ° , ,, , ,, ;?,"° ::? —"yj: ;Z;S '' '",E% "" "eg, , ° , " ,9® °,% % ,nz!y?rjy "' TSg?"%& m ,S ,J% ,,, _ 'j'^.'S'f' :""' C»":, '^""°"" " e@ ,,:j ":l:?}:? _ :"P]\ . Jj° y;ej%g#, 4%? : . , 0 0qS C9, yj%': 0" " g !" "i:"""-:' , j';; ::$?(sFG, 8,p'?'k .,,·56" 54, 52, ·: so,m 46',,46 2154"," % " I)&?)S)/,,a°b?d :0 ,C9% °"%" " :6%" ""--p:q32" <'?, 30f'%e)" " g'°6':8"D 19840CT2 334 CHICAGO SRO 164723 .2" /' %8, (I) ,S) ,& F?ik 1984DEC26 797ilINCHESTER +4°13/2 407252?6 JSq"l33d 32 30 ¶8" & 27 'D" " *mag,1l 3 . § ' ' 1984DEC 22 747 WINCHESTER e)a " " 0 izS , 19840ECl6' 6 HEBE . "e) D) 'Cl) ° µ ("J e " r IS 4.4 ' , u ' ·' %' © ° 8 '1!)69 ' : . ' d :2 (3% 0 , 0 , ,Sy ®° , :' C ,pa ° cP g; °Y< 0 '· " . 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" : · ,, ©I) 0 o(!) e W G B 0 S Q)5 ° ' ' 0 (I) 0 12 " " -, G CB 13 D . 7 0 0 (I) Z ,, (3 (3 .· @ " · " · m C)6 (i) 24 .4 _ 0 c) 0 0 g " , , · E) b "+23 6 e 7 " ,. GS' 13 CB " + " " 13 S " " ,3 % " \ ,3 '3 'E) . · t ·, ctn o 23 6 - C3 %b ' " 9 ' (!)8 "" " £2_ 0 + » cnd _ 0 ;J4 '3C3 (3 I ANPROMEpA t" , ,, 0 (I) ~~O 0 0 0 (I)(I) (I) 3 (3 O " .L (3 @ ". .. ,, (I) 9 (I) 3 -"g ! 8 3 : &" 0"3 \ , G) "" . ,1) '//j °'°q ,. ,d!) :" ; "JJ "g2 ,,; :°I° ",°%" " "r G? g " . :"J /' - 12" 10 8 6 4 2 do" 'U u·1 cl ri ° g" 7 CT S" ~~0 "" " ' " 1984 NOV 8 790 PRETORIA BD +23°6 "J " ' 1984NOV8 790PRETORIA ~1 1984 11 22 (31) EUPHROSYNE 1984 11 !3 (I) CERES BD "08° 471 ~~0 m DIAMETER 270 KP1 - 0:'14 DIAMETER 1025 KM - 0:77 CX) SSq q5° ,,X b —— _ _ · f" ,,, "a \ 'jii 1""_" ." ' '!1&<,Zl gt ~ ~ \ ~ OY' ' ' \ , : "¥'u" * ' '-y 't7 '¢'" I · \,9 \ Lr '"\ .2 ' \ '- \ ",r-?y'_ "I N E i 35 L 45 — W '\\9* ' L " \ . \ N ** \ * I A O S' "R _ — ~ \ · A ,.0 N ' ' - ""ii' " T · ~ , * * *\j"3 T 0.9 N ·, W_3\ -»4 ,£ 'r /V \",r I A X@& * ' * I m.E3 N " T " (J % * ,,\g° ' * T "' ' T T U \ ' * * \ U :::: ' "* " " ,' "1\ '1'3 1 _: D D ,1 C' II "" ' .5 N I \J "' I"'3 E E 35 — " * : I* " " ? ':'~ ' '"' 25 '9^j, X % : * i %\\ " \ m \" *t Z" . \ Ca -3?6y' * , \ , \ T:""" , '. "-9ia},-) 0 " \° 0 O~ \ * I 'i ?:: S ' ' > =LUL "O ;:U' I , C' 2:i e' .A S '6m5 ! Q-3S|O.' |O.5 S La 0:'7 g I I 25° I IIIII- ' I iS "=^ -130' -120 -110 moo -90 -80 -70" _125° -I 15 -105 -95 -85 -75 -70° LONGITUDE LONGITUDE EPHEMERIS SOURCE = HERGET7E3 EPHEMERIS SOURCE - APAENAXX !9134 !1 13 (I) CERES ED "OS 471 DIAMETER 1025 KM = 0:77 50" ? 'h M_ , °K,, W<~ 1984 11 !7 (IQ) HYGIEA 1-946104 1984 I! 19 (2) VENUS SAD 18684! "g |\L%_ " , * _ I ·1T" ,4J I"— j DIAMETER '1Q3 KM - O:l9 . DIAPETER 12220 KM = 14:'E31 45 —jl'7N_ , W "":'" j>)jsi E 55" ,8/' , m l.q N 3/ ".'L '3 ^ % I . 3 "" _ X , A S' '7;,A A,:!.2AV " " -t ' 2 C' " ' * " L I N / 7 rS', 4 0 8 : "- O.';; " ," " L 45 " / L 45 S bO/ P \ 7· A 3 C' "I / / "Y:J ,* I CL8 T 0° j ' T 0.7 """"—_£ ' I "jS / " '' U 0. t : O .A Gj jl "I -"V * L $ * * " ! :, ': M:A?* ? :' / -" S D D·(J * / " ,/X " _0,/3 N , " ,' 3, 0°,, ""m m,* >1I I ' . ,>,cM_" P E 35 §- C' E . ! ,' F7 ,/' 25 ·2 N O 6S :r I "* , * nj)k " / W / " .1 0 . N *t , " 2, ,A e' · / ' + / -/ . / j1 C' I " I . 7 .6 C' * 0 2 0 W \ 0 0. S d!e'5 jj.lq' , g , 5 :5,!5 'z) ,a s % 5 d'c3 5 ' ' / 0. / S / ' · C) /A 6C' g© CL 2S I I III " g 25" '3° g ' ' X 'b IS " I I -130" -120 -110 -iaj -90 · -80" -130" -120 -110 moo" -20 -10 0 10 20 LONGITUDE LONGITUDE LONGITUDE EPFEFERIS SOURCE - SCKIACEL EPHEMERIS SOURCE - NA0001 EM-EMERIS SOURCE = APAENAXX ( / " " Dip ' "'m d