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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE April 23, 1997

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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE April 23, 1997 S3486 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð SENATE April 23, 1997 Mr. HELMS. Now, I am taking this have hostile intentions toward the and would cause me to reconsider my advantage as the chairman of the com- United States. This means that coun- current support for the treaty. mittee. I spoke for 26 minutes this tries which are suspected of having I urge my colleagues to vote against morning. The distinguished ranking chemical weapons programs and are any killer amendments that would member spoke for an hour. Just for the sponsors of terrorismÐsuch as Libya, strike these conditions and, therefore, record, how long did the distinguished Syria, Iraq, and North KoreaÐmust deprive the United States of assurances Senator from Indiana speak? I ask that participate in the CWC. Just this that the Chemical Weapons Convention of the Chair. morning, a newspaper article reported is effective, enforceable and verifiable. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. that a prominent North Korean defec- The American taxpayers, who will be LUGAR). The Senator from Indiana tor has warned that his former country funding U.S. participation in the CWC, spoke for 41 minutes. is fully prepared to launch a chemical deserve a treaty that unquestionably Mr. HELMS. I see. So the Senator weapons attack on its neighbors. North and unambiguously advances our na- from North Carolina feels that maybe Korea has not yet signed the CWC. tional security. they have had ample opportunity thus Fourth, we need to provide as much I yield the floor. far into the debate. protection as possible for U.S. Govern- f Now, I ask that the distinguished ment facilities and businesses when RECESS Senator from Minnesota be recognized faced with international inspections. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under for 7 minutes, after which time we will While the CWC does allow the United the previous order, the Senate will be stand in recess for the policy luncheon. States to refuse specific inspectors, it in recess until 2:15 p.m. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without should be a matter of policy that we Thereupon, the Senate, at 12:39 p.m., objection, the Senator from Minnesota will not accept inspectors from terror- recessed until 2:15 p.m.; whereupon, the is recognized. ist states like Iran. We are certainly Senate reassembled when called to Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I rise to justified in suspecting that these in- order by the Presiding Officer (Mr. express my support for the Chemical spectors would be intent on gaining ac- GREGG). Weapons Convention [CWC] with the cess to classified or confidential busi- f full complement of 33 conditions on ness information. U.S. participation, which are now being Fifth, I understand the administra- EXECUTIVE SESSION considered by the Senate. tion has offered assurances that the As a member of the Foreign Rela- United States will not seek to transfer CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION tions Committee, I have been review- chemical technology or information ing and studying this treaty for over a about chemical defenses to countries The Senate continued with the con- year now and have had some serious that might put it to harmful use. But sideration of the convention. reservations about the CWC through- because of the vagueness of the treaty The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- out that process. language, we need to go further to pre- ate will now proceed, under a previous order, to a voice vote on Senate Reso- Therefore, I believe the conditions in vent the proliferation of chemical Senate Executive Resolution 75 are es- lution 75. weapons. We need to close off the possi- The resolution (S. Res. 75) was re- sential to ensuring that the CWC has bility that other countries could use real benefits for American national se- jected. language in the treaty as cover for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under a curity and will be truly verifiable and their desires to transfer chemical tech- previous order, the motion to recon- effective. Before we commit the Amer- nology to countries like Iran. As we sider is agreed to. ican taxpayers to paying more than have seen in Iraq and North Korea, nu- The resolution of ratification (S. Res. $100 million annually for U.S. partici- clear technology acquired supposedly 75) is back before the Senate. pation in the treaty, we owe them for peaceful purposes can advance Under the previous order, the ques- nothing less. weapon capabilities. tion now occurs on the first 28 condi- Let me outline the conditions I be- Sixth and finally, we need to be sure tions en bloc. lieve are the most important. that the CWC is effectively verifiable, The first 28 conditions en bloc were First, I am pleased the Clinton ad- meaning that the United States has a agreed to, as follows: ministration has finally reversed its high degree of confidence in its ability SEC. 2. CONDITIONS. long-standing position that the CWC to detect significant violations. I The Senate's advice and consent to the would prevent U.S. soldiers from using strongly supported the START II Trea- ratification of the Chemical Weapons Con- tear gas to rescue downed pilots or to ty because it met this traditional vention is subject to the following condi- avoid deadly force when enemy troops tions, which shall be binding upon the Presi- standard. If we don't think we can de- dent: are using civilians as human shields. tect cheating under the CWC, it seri- (1) EFFECT OF ARTICLE XXII.ÐUpon the de- Second, we must be sure that Russia ously calls into question the value of posit of the United States instrument of will both comply with the existing the treaty. ratification, the President shall certify to chemical weapons destruction agree- Recently, there have been reports the Congress that the United States has in- ments it has already signed, and that it that China is selling chemical weapons formed all other States Parties to the Con- will ratify the CWC. Russia has the components to Iran. Both countries vention that the Senate reserves the right, largest chemical weapons stockpile in pursuant to the Constitution of the United have signed the CWC and, therefore, States, to give its advice and consent to rati- the world and its compliance with ear- are supposedly committed to banning fication of the Convention subject to res- lier agreements will help the United such activity. ervations, notwithstanding Article XXII of States be more confident of its ability In conclusion, Mr. President, there the Convention. to monitor Russian compliance with are conditions in the current resolu- (2) FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS.ÐNotwith- the CWC. tion of ratification for the CWC that standing any provision of the Convention, no This is especially important given re- address every single one of the con- funds may be drawn from the Treasury of the ports that Russia has already devel- cerns I have mentioned. United States for payments or assistance (in- oped new chemical weapons programs cluding the transfer of in-kind items) under I sincerely intend to support and vote paragraph 16 of Article IV, paragraph 19 of specifically designed to evade the trea- for the Chemical Weapons Convention Article V, paragraph 7 of Article VIII, para- ty. More than 15 months after the Unit- as long as the resolution of ratification graph 23 of Article IX, Article X, or any ed States ratified the START II Trea- is fortified with such strong conditions. other provision of the Convention, without ty, Russia has refused to follow suit. They will help ensure that this treaty statutory authorization and appropriation. What makes us think that if we join will have a real impact on the pro- (3) ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNAL OVER- the CWC before Russia does, it will liferation of chemical weapons and pro- SIGHT OFFICE.Ð then follow our example? vide proven protection for U.S. forces. (A) CERTIFICATION.ÐNot later than 240 days after the deposit of the United States instru- Third, the CWC will not protect However, I understand that some of ment of ratification, the President shall cer- American soldiers from chemical at- my colleagues may try to strip out tify to the Congress that the current inter- tack unless it has a serious and imme- these important conditions on the nal audit office of the Preparatory Commis- diate impact on those countries that CWC. This would be very unfortunate sion has been expanded into an independent April 23, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð SENATE S3487 internal oversight office whose functions vention, including the training of inspectors (B) PERIODIC AND SPECIAL REPORTS.Ð will be transferred to the Organization for and the provision of detection equipment and (i) IN GENERAL.ÐThe President shall report the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons upon on-site analysis sampling and analysis tech- periodically, but not less frequently than the establishment of the Organization. The niques, or share the articles, items, or serv- semiannually, to the Select Committee on independent internal oversight office shall ices resulting from any research and develop- Intelligence of the Senate and the Perma- be obligated to protect confidential informa- ment undertaken previously, without first nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the tion pursuant to the obligations of the Con- having concluded and submitted to the Con- House of Representatives on the types and fidentiality Annex. The independent internal gress a cost-sharing arrangement with the volume of intelligence information provided oversight office shallÐ Organization. to the Organization or affiliated organiza- (i) make investigations and reports relat- (C) CONSTRUCTION.ÐNothing in this para- tions and the purposes for which it was pro- ing to all programs of the Organization; graph may be construed as limiting or con- vided during the period covered by the re- (ii) undertake both management and finan- stricting in any way the ability of the Unit- port.
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