Country Code Top-Level Domain (Cctld) Project for State of Kuwait
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Characterizing Certain Dns Ddos Attacks
CHARACTERIZING CERTAIN DNS DDOSATTACKS APREPRINT Renée Burton Cyber Intelligence Infoblox [email protected] July 23, 2019 ABSTRACT This paper details data science research in the area of Cyber Threat Intelligence applied to a specific type of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. We study a DDoS technique prevalent in the Domain Name System (DNS) for which little malware have been recovered. Using data from a globally distributed set of a passive collectors (pDNS), we create a statistical classifier to identify these attacks and then use unsupervised learning to investigate the attack events and the malware that generates them. The first known major study of this technique, we discovered that current attacks have little resemblance to published descriptions and identify several previously unpublished features of the attacks. Through a combination of text and time series features, we are able to characterize the dominant malware and demonstrate that the number of global-scale attack systems is relatively small. 1 Introduction In the field of Cyber Security, there is a rich history of characterizing malicious actors, their mechanisms and victims, through the analysis of recovered malware1 and related event data. Reverse engineers and threat analysts take advantage of the fact that malware developers often unwittingly leave fingerprints in their code through the choice of libraries, variables, infection mechanisms, and other observables. In some cases, the Cyber Security Industry is able to correlate seemingly disparate pieces of information together and attribute malware to specific malicious actors. Identifying a specific technique or actor involved in an attack, allows the Industry to better understand the magnitude of the threat and protect against it. -
ITU Operational Bulletin
ITU Operational Bulletin www.itu.int/itu-t/bulletin No. 1150 15.VI.2018 (Information received by 1 June 2018) ISSN 1564-5223 (Online) Place des Nations CH-1211 Standardization Bureau (TSB) Radiocommunication Bureau (BR) Genève 20 (Switzerland) Tel: +41 22 730 5211 Tel: +41 22 730 5560 Tel: +41 22 730 5111 Fax: +41 22 730 5853 Fax: +41 22 730 5785 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Table of Contents Page GENERAL INFORMATION Lists annexed to the ITU Operational Bulletin: Note from TSB ...................................................................... 3 Approval of ITU-T Recommendations ............................................................................................................ 4 Telephone Service: Kuwait (Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority (CITRA), Kuwait City) ........ 5 Viet Nam (Ministry of Information and Communications (MIC), Hanoi) .................................................. 6 Other communication: Serbia ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Service Restrictions ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Call – Back and alternative calling procedures (Res. 21 Rev. PP – 2006) ....................................................... 10 AMENDMENTS TO SERVICE PUBLICATIONS Mobile Networks Code (MNC) ...................................................................................................................... -
Bebras.Edu.Au
bebras.edu.au Bebras Australia Computational Thinking Challenge Tasks and Solutions 2014 Editors: Karsten Schulz, NICTA Sarah Hobson, Good News Lutheran School Acknowledgements We would like to thank the international Bebras Community for allowing us to use the tasks that they have developed over recent years. Bebras is a collective effort of many countries and we are grateful for the warm welcome that Australia has received. Team Australia’s buddy in the international Bebras Community is Team Germany, which has a long-standing involvement in Bebras since 2006. We have started to contribute Australian-made tasks back to the international Bebras community and are glad to be part of such a wonderful sharing group of countries. Special thanks goes to Eljakim Schrijvers from The Netherlands who is a master of the Bebras System and a key go-to person for Bebras Tasks. Computer science is a very international discipline, and Bebras embodies this principle outstandingly. We would like to thank the Australian Government as represented by the Department of Communications for providing funding to the Digital Careers Initiative which is running Bebras Australia. We would also like to thank the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) for providing advice regarding Bebras tasks. 2 Introduction About Bebras Australia The Bebras Australia Computational Thinking Challenge was established in 2014 to enable Australian primary and secondary school students to have a go at Digital Technologies without programming. The format is designed to engage students in a light and problem-oriented way. For Australia, we have developed the two characters Bruce and Beatrix who accompany the students in many of the tasks. -
Proactive Cyberfraud Detection Through Infrastructure Analysis
PROACTIVE CYBERFRAUD DETECTION THROUGH INFRASTRUCTURE ANALYSIS Andrew J. Kalafut Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science Indiana University July 2010 Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Minaxi Gupta, Ph.D. Committee (Principal Advisor) Steven Myers, Ph.D. Randall Bramley, Ph.D. July 19, 2010 Raquel Hill, Ph.D. ii Copyright c 2010 Andrew J. Kalafut ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii To my family iv Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my advisor, Minaxi Gupta. Minaxi’s feedback on my research and writing have invariably resulted in improvements. Minaxi has always been supportive, encouraged me to do the best I possibly could, and has provided me many valuable opportunities to gain experience in areas of academic life beyond simply doing research. I would also like to thank the rest of my committee members, Raquel Hill, Steve Myers, and Randall Bramley, for their comments and advice on my research and writing, especially during my dissertation proposal. Much of the work in this dissertation could not have been done without the help of Rob Henderson and the rest of the systems staff. Rob has provided valuable data, and assisted in several other ways which have ensured my experiments have run as smoothly as possible. Several members of the departmental staff have been very helpful in many ways. Specifically, I would like to thank Debbie Canada, Sherry Kay, Ann Oxby, and Lucy Battersby. -
Taxonomy and Adversarial Strategies of Random Subdomain Attacks
Taxonomy and Adversarial Strategies of Random Subdomain Attacks Harm Griffioen and Christian Doerr Delft University of Technology, Cybersecurity Group Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6, Delft, The Netherlands fh.j.griffioen, [email protected] Abstract—Ever since the introduction of the domain name new type of attack gained some visibility when source code system (DNS), attacks on the DNS ecosystem have been a steady triggering it was discovered in a forensic analysis of the Mirai companion. Over time, targets and techniques have shifted, Internet-of-Things malware in 2016 [?], since then a number and in the recent past a new type of attack on the DNS has of actors have picked up this particular technique. emerged. In this paper we report on the DNS random subdomain attack, querying floods of non-existent subdomains, intended to Until now, very little is known how these attacks are cause a denial-of-service on DNS servers. Based on five major executed and exactly using which means. This paper intends to attacks in 2018 obtained through backscatter measurements in address this gap. Based on backscatter measurements through a a large network telescope, we show the techniques pursued by large network telescope, we observed the emergence of random adversaries, and develop a taxonomy of strategies of this attack. subdomain attacks over a period of three years and will in this paper make the following two contributions: Keywords—cyber threat intelligence, random subdomain attack, DNS, DDoS • We show the spectrum of different types of random subdomain attacks in use in the wild today based on I. INTRODUCTION five exemplary case studies, and use this to develop a taxonomy of random subdomain attacks. -
Guide to WIPO's Services for Country Code Top-Level Domain Registries
Guide to WIPO’s services for country code top-level domain registries Domain name registrations across country code top-level domains (“ccTLDs”) serve as important local business identifiers. Their number continues to increase over time. When trademark-related disputes arise, ccTLD registry operators often prefer to outsource case administration to WIPO – at no cost – for neutral and independent decision-making. Guide to WIPO’s services for country code top-level domain registries This guide presents ccTLD registry operators and national authorities with information on how to resolve third-party domain name disputes in a cost- and time-saving manner. The guide explains the main policy design features of a successful Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) system. It also provides information on the WIPO-created Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) and the possibility to tailor the UDRP for specific ccTLD requirements. 3 Guide to WIPO’s services for country code top-level domain registries WIPO can assist ccTLDs in a number of ways There are a variety of national, economic, cultural, and linguistic considerations that are important for the ccTLD community. To curb the abusive registration of domain names that conflict with intellectual property (IP) rights, and in particular to resolve disputes between third parties, WIPO’s ccTLD Program can assist ccTLDs in the following ways: Advice on Advice on Tailoring and registration new dispute updating terms and resolution existing dispute conditions policies resolution policies Free -
DNS) Administration Guide
Edgecast Route (DNS) Administration Guide Disclaimer Care was taken in the creation of this guide. However, Edgecast cannot accept any responsibility for errors or omissions. There are no warranties, expressed or implied, including the warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, accompanying this product. Trademark Information EDGECAST is a registered trademark of Verizon Digital Media Services Inc. About This Guide Route (DNS) Administration Guide Version 2.40 8/28/2021 ©2021 Verizon Media. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Route ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Module Comparison ................................................................................................................................. 2 Managed (Primary) or Secondary DNS Module .................................................................................... 2 DNS Health Checks Module .................................................................................................................. 3 Billing Activation ...................................................................................................................................... -
Itu-T List of Mobile Country Or Geographical Area Codes
Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 1117 – 1.II.2017 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU COMPLEMENT TO RECOMMENDATION ITU-T E.212 (09/2016) _________________________________________________________________ LIST OF MOBILE COUNTRY OR GEOGRAPHICAL AREA CODES (POSITION ON 1 FEBRUARY 2017) _________________________________________________________________ Geneva, 2017 List of Mobile Country or Geographical Area Codes Note from TSB 1. This List of mobile country or geographical area codes replaces the previous one published as Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 1005 of 1 June 2012. Since then, various new assignments have been made, and they have been published in the ITU Operational Bulletin. 2. This List includes : - a list of mobile country or geographical area codes - in numerical order; - a list of mobile country or geographical area codes - in alphabetical order. 3. This List will be updated by numbered series of amendments published in the ITU Operational Bulletin. Furthermore, the information contained in this Annex is also available on the ITU website www.itu.int/itu-t/bulletin/annex.html. 4. Please address any comments concerning this publication to the Director of TSB: Tel: +41 22 730 5887 Fax: +41 22 730 5853 Email: [email protected] 5. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this List do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of ITU concerning the legal status of any country or geographical area, or of its authorities. Annex -
How to Add Domains and DNS Records
Barracuda NextGen Firewall X How to Add Domains and DNS Records https://campus.barracuda.com/doc/41109753/ Configure the Barracuda NextGen X-Series Firewall to be the authoritative DNS server for your domains or subdomains to take advantage of Split DNS or dead link detection. Step 1. Make the X-Series Firewall the authoritative DNS server at your domain registrar To become the authoritative DNS server for a domain contact the registrar for your domain to use the static or dynamic WAN IP addresses of your X-Series Firewall. Hosting a subdomain If you want to delegate a subdomain to the X-Series Firewall, add ns1 and ns2 records to the zone file of the domain where it is stored at the registrar. If the domain is yourdomain.com, and you want to host subdomain.yourdomain.com add the following DNS records: subdomain IN NS ns1 subdomain IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A <WAN IP 1 OF YOUR BARRACUDA FIREWALL> ns2 IN A <WAN IP 2 OF YOUR BARRACUDA FIREWALL> Step 2. Enable authoritative DNS on the X-Series Firewall In the DNS Servers table, you can view a list of the static IP addresses for which the DNS Server service is enabled (NETWORK > IP Configuration). Dynamic IP addresses are not listed. An access rule is created in step 3 to redirect incoming DNS requests on dynamic interfaces to the DNS service on the firewall. The access rule LOCALDNSCACHE must be active after enabling authoritative DNS for local clients to access the DNS server. 1. Go to the NETWORK > Authoritative DNS page. -
Cq Dx Zones of the World
180 W 170 W 160 W 150 W 140 W 130 W 120 W 110 W 100 W 90 W 80 W 70 W 60 W 50 W 40 W 30 W 20 W 10 W 10 E 20 E 30 E 40 E 50 E 60 E 70 E 80 E 90 E 100 E 110 E 120 E 130 E 140 E 150 E 160 E 170 E 180 E -2 +4 CQ DX ZONES Franz Josef Land OF THE WORLD (Russia) ITU DX Zones of the world N can be viewed on the back. 80 Svalbard (Norway) -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 +1 +2 +3 +5 +7 +9 +10 +11 +12 19 1 2 40 -1 Jan Mayen (Norway) +11 70 N 70 Greenland +1 +2 Finland Alaska, U.S. Iceland Faroe Island (Denmark) 14 Norway Sweden 15 16 17 18 19 International Date Line 60 N 60 Estonia Russia Canada Latvia Denmark Lithuania +7 Northern Ireland +3 +5 +6 +8 +9 +10 (UK) Russia/Kaliningrad -10 Ireland United Kingdom Belarus Netherlands Germany Poland Belgium Luxembourg 50 N 50 Guernsey Czech Republic Ukraine Jersey Slovakia St. Pierre and Miquelon Liechtenstein Kazakhstan Austria France Switzerland Hungary Moldova Slovenia Mongolia Croatia Romania Bosnia- Serbia Monaco Herzegovina 1 Corsica Bulgaria Montenegro Georgia Uzbekistan Andorra (France) Italy Macedonia Azores Albania Kyrgyzstan Portugal Spain Sardinia Armenia+4 Azerbaijan 40 N 40 3 4 5 (Portugal) (Italy) Turkmenistan North Korea Greece Turkey United States Balearic Is. Tajikistan +1 Day NOTES: (Spain) 20 23 South Korea Gibraltar Japan Tunisia Malta China Cyprus Syria Iran Madeira Lebanon +4.5 +8 This CQ DX zones map and the ITU zones map on the reverse side use (Portugal) Bermuda Iraq +3.5 Afghanistan an Albers Equal Area projection and is current as of July 2010. -
Verisign-Cnic-Lawsuit
Case 1:15-cv-01028-LO-IDD Document 1-1 Filed 08/13/15 Page 1 of 123 PageID# 5 VIRGINIA: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF FAIRFAX COUNTY VERISIGN, INC., Plaintiff, V. Civil Action No. CL 2015-3519 CENTRALNIC LIMITED, XYZ.COM LLC Serve; Paracorp Incorporated, Reg. Agt. 318 N. Carson Street, Suite 208 Carson City, NV 89701 -and- DANIEL NEGARI, 205 South Camden Drive Beverly Hills, CA 90212 Defendants. FIRST AMENDED COMPLAINT COMES NOW the plaintiff, VeriSign, Inc. ("Verisign"), bycounsel, and for its first amended complaintstates the following: Parties 1. Verisign is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, having its principal place of business in the Commonwealth of Virginia. EXHIBIT /I Case 1:15-cv-01028-LO-IDD Document 1-1 Filed 08/13/15 Page 2 of 123 PageID# 6 2. Defendant CentralNic Limited ("CentralNic") is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United Kingdom, having its principal place of business in London, England. 3. Defendant XYZ.COM LLC ("XYZ") is a limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the State of Nevada, having its principal place ofbusiness in the State ofNevada. 4. Defendant Daniel Negari is a natural person who, upon information and belief, is a resident of the State of California. Upon information and belief, Negari owns and/or controls XYZ. Jurisdiction and Venue 5. This Court has subject matterjurisdiction over this action pursuant to Virginia Code § 17.1-513. 6. CentralNic, XYZ and Negari are subject to personal jurisdiction in this Court pursuant to Virginia Code § 8.01-328.1(3 & 4) in that, as set forth herein, CentralNic, XYZ and Negari have caused tortious injury by acts in this Commonwealth; and have caused tortious injury in this Commonwealth by acts and omissions outside this Commonwealth and regularly do or solicit business, orengage in other persistent course ofconduct in this Commonwealth. -
Numbering Plan for the Numbering Space for Public Telecommunications
Administrative Order No 29/2015 (Official Gazette No 13/2015 of 8 July 2015) ), amended by Administrative Order No 25/2016 of 4 May 2016 (Official Gazette No 8/2016) Numbering plan for the numbering space for public telecommunications 1. Legal basis Numbers as defined in section 3 para 13 of the Telecommunications Act (TKG) of 22 June 2004 (Federal Law Gazette I page 1190), as last amended by Article 22 of the Act of 25 July 2014 (Federal Law Gazette I page 1266), are character sequences which in telecommunications networks serve the purpose of addressing. A numbering space as defined in section 3 para 13c of the Telecommunications Act is all the numbers used for a particular type of addressing. Telephone numbers as defined in section 3 para 18 of the Telecommunications Act are numbers which when dialled in the public telephone service allow a connection to a specific destination to be set up. This Administrative Order sets out, as required by section 66(1) second sentence of the Telecommunications Act and by the Telecommunications Numbering Ordinance (TNV) of 5 February 2008 (Federal Law Gazette I page 141), as amended by Article 4(110) of the Act of 7 August 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I page 3154), how the German numbering space for public telecommunications is to be structured and configured. 2. Number format and subdivision of the numbering space The German numbering space for public telecommunications is the part identified by the country code 49 of the international numbering space as defined in Recommendation ITU-T E.164 "The international public telecommunication numbering plan" of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).